大学英语三试题

大学英语三试题（共8篇）

1.大学英语三试题 篇一

大学语文模拟试题三

一、选择题：1－20小题，每小题2分

1、杜甫诗歌的创作风格是()A、气象沉雄

B、清新淡雅

C、挥洒自如 D、沉郁顿挫

2、新中国成立前，老舍创作的文体主要是()A、小说 B、戏剧

C、诗歌 D、散文

3、先秦诸子散文中，其文章想像丰富并多采用寓言形式，富有浪漫色彩的是()A、《论语》 B、《战国策》 C、《庄子》D、《孟子》

4、唐宋八大家中，主张“辞必已出”，强调“惟陈言之务去”的是()A、欧阳修 B、苏轼 C、柳宗元 D、韩愈

5、中国近代最早高度评价和极力提倡小说创作的人()A、李大钊 B、梁启超 C、王国维 D、侯方域

6、通过把性质、特点相同或相近的事物或性质特点不同、相反的事物放在一起加以比较，从而论证论点的论证方式是()A、演绎法 B、归纳法 C、例证法 D、比较法

7、朱光潜专门讨论文学写作和翻译技巧的论文集是()A、《文艺心理学》 B、《谈文学》 C、《诗论》 D、《文艺对话录》

8、培根在《论学问》一文中认为读书求学的用途是()A、对于事物的判断和处理 B、权衡轻重，审察事理 C、幽居静养

D、娱乐、装饰和增长才干

9、《种树郭橐驼传》后部分所揭露的社会弊端是()A、爱之太殷，忧之太勤

B、虽曰忧之，其实仇之 C、长人者好烦其令

D、侵官、生事、征利、拒谏

10、柳宗元的游记作品中最有代表性且成体系的是()A、《始得西山宴游记》 B、《永州八记》 C、《柳河东集》

D、《种树郭橐驼传》

11、在《爱尔克的灯光》中，作者通过回忆姐姐的命运所表达的主要思想感情是()A、对故居的留恋

B、对封建家庭和封建礼教的否定 C、对不幸者的哀悼

D、对理想的追求

12、鲁迅用“人肉的筵宴”为喻是为了说明()A、中国文明的实质B、中国现实的恐怖 C、中国国民的劣根性 D、中国制度的黑暗

13、曹操《短歌行》的主旨是()A、感叹人生几何，去日苦多 B、感伤亲朋离散，孤苦无依 C、感慨功业无成，忧从中来 D、渴望招纳贤才，建功立业

14、《冯谖客孟尝君》选自()A、《左传》 B、《战国策》 C、《国语》 D、《汉书》

15、将感情渗透在写景、叙事、说理之中，边叙述边抒情，边描写边抒情，这种抒情方式叫做()A、间接抒情B、直接抒情 C、寓情于景 D、借景抒情

16、茅盾的《香市》是一篇()A、记事散文

B、抒情散文 C、写景散文

D、回忆性抒情散文

17、《发现》一诗被收录于闻一多的诗集()A、《女神》B、《红烛》C、《死水》 D、《猛虎集》

18、《我爱这土地》中诗人着力刻画的一个象征形象是()A、土地 B、暴风雨 C、鸟 D、温柔的黎明

19、《日出》的情节结构特点是()

A、回顾式写法 B、片断式写法 C、闭锁结构 D、开放结构 20、莫泊桑在文坛上崭露头角的成名作是()A、《俊友》B、《一生》 C、《苦恼》D、《羊脂球》

二、文言文阅读：21-29小题

(一)阅读《李将军列传》中的一段文字，回答21—23小题

广之将兵，乏绝之处，见水，士卒不尽饮，广不近水；士卒不尽食，广不尝食。宽缓不苛，士以此爱乐为．．．．用。

21、解释这段文字中加点字的含义。乏绝：

尽饮：

22、将这段文字译成现代汉语。

23、这段文字表现了李广怎样的个性特征。

(二)、阅读曹操《短歌行》中一段文字，回答24-26小题

月明星稀，乌鹊南飞。绕树三匝，何枝可依？山不厌高，海不厌深。周公吐哺，天下归心。

24、将“山不厌高，海不厌深。周公吐哺，天下归心。”译成现代汉语，并说明这句话中的典故。

25、这段文字表达了作者怎样的思想感情？

26、哪几句用了比拟手法？

(三)阅读韩愈《张中丞传后叙》中的片断，回答27-29小题

南霁云之乞救于贺兰也，贺兰嫉巡，远之声威功绩出已上，不肯出师救；爱霁云之勇且壮，不听其语，强留之，具食与乐，延霁云坐。霁云慷慨语曰：“云来时，睢阳之人，不食月余日矣!云虽欲独食，义不忍；虽食，且不下咽!”因拔所佩刀，断一指，血淋漓，以示贺兰。一座大惊，皆感激为云泣下。云如贺兰终无为云出师意，即驰出；将出城，抽矢射佛寺浮图，矢著其上砖半箭，曰：“吾归破贼，必灭贺兰，此矢所以志也。”愈贞元中过泗州，船上人犹指以相语。

27这段话表现了南霁云怎样的性格特点？

28、简要概括本段中的两个细节描写。

29、正面刻画之外，本段还采取了什么表现手法？

三、现代文阅读：30-38小题，共３０分

(一)、阅读鲁迅《灯下漫笔》片段，回答30-32小题

因此我们在目前，还可以亲见各式各样的筵宴，有烧烤，有翅席，有便饭，有西餐。但茅檐下也有淡饭，路傍也

有残羹，野上也有饿莩；有吃烧烤的身价不资的阔人，也有饿得垂死的每斤八文的孩子。所谓中国的文明者，其实不过是安排给阔人享用的人肉的筵宴。所谓中国者，其实不过是安排这人肉的筵宴的厨房。30、这段话可划分为哪几个层次？

31、这段文字的论点是什么？

32、这段文字表达了作者怎样的强烈愿望？

(二)阅读老舍《断魂枪》片段，回答33-35小题：

谁不晓得沙子龙是利落、短瘦、硬棒，两眼明得像霜夜的大星？可是，现在他身上放了肉。镖局改了客栈，……只是在夜间，他把小院的门关好，熟习熟习他的“五虎断魂枪”。

33、“夜间”熟习熟习断魂枪的行为，揭示了沙子龙怎样的心态？

34、从这里可看出沙子龙是个怎样的人？

35、这里作者是用什么描写手法来刻画沙子龙形象的？

(三)、阅读茅盾《香市》片段，回答36-38小题：

天气虽然很好，“市面”却很不好。社庙前虽然比平时多了许多人，但那空气似乎很阴惨。居然有锣鼓的声音。可是那声音单调，庙前的乌龙潭一泓清水依然如昔，可是潭后那座戏台却坍塌了，屋椽子像瘦人的肋骨似的暴露在“光天化日”之下。一切都不像我儿时所见的香市了!……

在我看来，这所谓“南洋武术班”的几套把式比起从前“香市”里的打拳头卖膏药的玩意来，委实是好看得多了。……但是今天第一天也只得二百来看客。往常“香市”的主角——农民，今天差不多看不见。

后来我知道，镇上的小商人是重兴这“香市”的主动者；他们想借此吸引游客“振兴”市面，他们打算从农民干瘪的袋里榨出几文来。可是他们这计划失败了!

36、作者在描述重兴“香市”时运用了什么手法？

37、在重兴“香市”后，“往常‘香市’的主角——农民，今天差不多看不见”，香市主角的转移反映了什么问题？

38、文章结尾部分的描述有何含义？

四、作文：

39、题目：《挫折与成功》

要求：

1、必须写成议论文

2、不能少于800字

3、安迹工整，卷面整洁

大学语文参考答案三

一、选择题： 1—— 5： dacdb 6——10：abbcb 11——15：badba 16——20：accbd

二、文言文阅读

(一)21、泛绝：缺少断绝（指缺粮断水。）尽饮：全都喝完。

22、李广带兵，在缺粮断水的时候，发现了水，士兵不全都喝过，李广不接近水；士兵不全部吃过，李广一口不尝。他对士卒宽容，不苛刻，士兵因此都爱戴李广，乐意被李广所用。

23、写李广的武德：治军宽缓不苛，关怀体恤部下。

(二)24、高山不辞土古才见巍峨，大海不弃涓流才见壮阔。只有像周公那样礼待贤才（周公见到贤才，吐出口中

正在咀嚼的食物，马上接待），才能使天下人心都归向我。

用周公礼贤下士的典故，表示自己要像周公那样，招揽人才。

25、这几句表达了作者求贤若渴，希望得到贤才辅佐，共建功业的心情。

26、这八句中，前六句都是比喻，前四句以乌鹊择枝比喻贤才寻求明主，后两句是以山不厌其高，海不厌其深比喻明主不厌贤才之多。

(三)27、突出表现了南霁云疾恶如仇、忠心耿耿的性格特点。

28、细节描写“拔刀断指”“射箭明志”。

29、侧面烘托的手法。一是通过贺兰进明的狭隘自私、嫉贤妒能烘托。二是南霁云断指之后“一座大惊，皆感激为云泣下”。三是汴徐二府长期传颂南霁云的事迹。

三、现代文阅读

(一)30、这段话可划分为两个层次：从“因此我们在目前”到“每斤八文的孩子”为第一层；从“所谓中国的文明者”到“人肉的筵宴的厨房”为第二层。（２分）

31、中国的现实社会与封建社会一样，都是“人肉的筵宴”。（４分）

32、“扫荡这些食人者，掀掉这筵宴，毁坏这厨房”，彻底消除吃人的根基，推翻吃人的社会。（４分）(二)

33、表现了他的内心深处对往昔拳师生活及绝技，英名十分留恋。

34、沙子龙表面上顺应时代潮流，而本质上是一个与现实格格不入的时代的落伍者。

35、肖像描写和行动描写。(三)

36、反衬手法。

37、香市主角的转移反映了20世纪30年代农村自然经济日益凋敝，农民日益贫困，以及对市镇商业的影响。

38、本文的结尾既形象地提示了在20世纪30年代民族经济萧条时期小商人与农民的矛盾，又暗示了振兴市镇的经济决不能是靠敲诈和剥削已破产的农民，而是要反对帝国主义经济侵略，推翻反动政府的统治。

2.大学英语三试题 篇二

(2011年高考终极压轴安徽卷)

Car sharing is another way to drive green that's gaining in popularity, especially in urban areas. People who may not drive every day but still want a car to run errands (差事)or drive on weekends benefit most from car sharing. Car sharing is usually run by a service like Zipcar, though there are non-profit and informal car sharing services. Members pay a monthly fee and have access to an entire fleet of cars when they need one. The cars are parked in fixed spots around the city, so members only need to make a reservation, and then go to the pickup spot.

Car sharing has major environmental benefits because it reduces the number of cars on the road. Members don't drive just because they are in a car. They plan trips, and if they don't need a car, they don't use one. Still, a car is available to them if they need to make a big trip to the grocery store, pick someone up at the airport or if they want to go to the beach for the day. Members also benefit by having access to a car without any of the headaches of ownership. They usually don't have to pay for the gas, insurance or maintenance (保养), and the monthly membership fee is less than a typical car payment. So if you really want to go green but aren't ready to totally give up a car yet, car sharing may be the way to go.

If you still need to get around, but want to go even greener than sharing a car, share a bus!

1. The author intends to tell us that car sharing _______.

A. has become the most popular way to go to work

B. has become the best way to cut living costs

C. is becoming more and more popular in cities

D. is becoming popular both in urban and rural(乡村的)areas

2. We can conclude from the passage that .

A. Zipcar can't help you if you are running urgent errands

B. Zipcar, different from other services, aims green driving with no profit

C. Zipcar is a company supplying car sharing service for a monthly payment

D. Zipcar is a company providing formal car sharing free

3. The second paragraph mainly tells us _______.

A. why people will share a car

B. why car sharing benefits the environment

C. why car sharing is cheaper than owning a car

D. why a car is available to members

4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. Car sharing has become a new trend.

B. Car sharing can save you the headaches of ownership.

C. Bus sharing is even greener than car sharing.

D. Zipcar is the largest company offering car sharing services.

B

(2011年安庆一中、合肥六中临考卷)

Scientists may have found a way to reduce shortages of type O blood. Type O is the kind of blood that hospitals most often need. What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.

There are four main kinds of blood. Most people are born with one of these four: type A, type B, type AB or type O. Type O can be safely given to anyone. So it is commonly used when a person is injured or sick and has to have blood.

Type O is the most common blood group. But the supplies of it available in hospitals and blood banks are usually limited. This is because of high demand. Type O blood is used in emergencies when there is no time to identify the patient's blood type.

Giving A, B or AB to someone with a different blood type, including O, can cause a bad reaction by the person's defense system. Their immune system can reject the blood. This immune reaction can be deadly.

The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules. These molecules are found on the surface of the cells. They are known as antigens (抗原). These antigens are found with type A, B and AB blood but not with type O.

More than twenty-five years ago, scientists found that the antigens could be removed to create what they called universal-type ceils. They could be removed with chemicals called enzymes (酶). But large amounts of enzymes were required to make the change.

Doctor Henrik Clausen of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark led the study. The next step, he says, is to complete safety tests. The team is working with the American company ZymeQuest to test the new method. If it meets safety requirements and is not too costly, it could become a widely used life-saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood.

1. The new way scientists use to reduce shortage of type O blood is _______.

A. to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood

B. to give birth to more babies with type O blood

C. to use other kinds of blood to replace type O blood

D. to appeal to more people to donate type O blood

2. People have different kinds of blood types because _______.

A. people's red blood cells contain different kinds of sugar molecules

B. the areas where people live have an influence on their blood types

C. they have different races, cultures and origins

D. they are born with different kinds of blood types

3. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. One person's antigens could easily be removed to another person.

B. A Denmark company sponsored the study led by Doctor Henrik Clausen.

C. Type O blood can be given to anybody regardless of his own blood type.

D. The new method is too costly to be put into use in hospitals.

4. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. People in the world have four different kinds of blood.

B. A new way to reduce the shortage of Type O blood.

C. Doctor Henrik Clausen and his research into blood type.

D. People's immune system can reject the wrong type of blood.

C

(皖南八校2011届高三第二次联考)

If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language.

A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.

Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.

“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists.

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的),”he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”

The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.

1. The main subject talked about in this passage is _______.

A. science on learning a second language

B. man's ability of learning a second language

C. language can help brain power

D. language learning and maths study

2. In the second paragraph, the writer mentions “exercise” in order to _______.

A. say language is also a kind of physical labor

B. prove that one needs more practice when he (she) is learning a language

C. to show the importance of using the language when you learn the language

D. make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well

3. We may know from the scientific findings that _______.

A. the earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is

B. there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn't know a second language

C. the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people's brain

D. the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time

4. The underlined word “bilingual” probably means _______.

A. a researcher on language learning

B. a person who is good at learning foreign languages

C. a person who can speak two languages

D. an active language learner

D

(皖北协作区2011届高三联考)

Sometimes there doesn't seem to be enough rain. Other times there is too much. Maybe there isn't a lot we can do to control the rain, but there is a lot we can do to reduce problems caused by different rainfall patterns.

A new development at the London Wetland Centre in Barnes solves the problems of managing water with a “Rain Garden”. We are likely to be hearing about it a lot more often over the next few years. The idea is that the garden owner can store rainwater and use it in dry periods. They can reduce the problems caused by extra rain this way.

One of the key problems that the rain garden tries to deal with is the problem caused by too much water in the street. In a natural environment, a lot of rainwater is sent back into the air by plants. Much is also absorbed deep into the ground, and flows into streams and rivers. What happens in city environments can be completely different—a large, amount of rainwater flows straight off the hard surfaces of roofs and roads. The harder the rain, the less likely it will be absorbed into the ground—floods are the result. Rainwater running off roads is often polluted.

The rain garden deals with living plants rather than hard surfaces. Plants are designed to hold water and release it slowly, either into the ground, to be absorbed by plant roots (and so eventually back up into the atmosphere) or to go down into the water table. Not only does the rain garden reduce the amount of water that flows onto the street, but it helps to clean it; plants are very good at breaking down pollutants (污染物).

1. What's the main idea of the first paragraph?

A. Explaining why there is a lack of rain at times.

B. Introducing several different patterns of rainfall.

C. Telling us how to avoid problems caused by rain.

D. Giving the idea that there are ways to manage rain water.

2. According to the second paragraph, “Rain Gardens” are likely to _______.

A. harm the environment in the short run

B. become popular over the next few years

C. be turned down by most new developments

D. be too expensive for common people to accept

3. We can learn from the third paragraph that _______.

A. floods are often the results of small rains

B. a heavy rain is less difficult for plants to absorb

C. the rain garden helps send rainwater back into the air

D. larger amounts of rainwater flow straight off in city environments

4. According to the last paragraph, what does the rain garden help to clean?

A. The plants. B. The ground.

C. The water. D. The street.

E

(江南十校2011年高考二模冲刺卷)

Children today are crazy about roller skating, for it's easy and fun. After supper on week-days, anytime on weekends and especially any day in school holidays, so many roller skaters flow into streets, squares, parks and playgrounds. What a beautiful sight!

But a long time ago, roller skating was a different story. Before 1750, the idea of skating didn't exist. That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin, whose work was making musical instruments. In his spare time he liked playing the violin. Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams. People called him a dreamer.

One day Merlin received an invitation to attend a fancy dress ball. Very pleased and a little excited, he accepted it. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think hard how to make a grand entrance at the party. A strange idea struck him one day—he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.

He tried different ways to make himself roll.Finally, he decided to put two wheels under each slice. These were the first roller skates. Very proud of his invention, he couldn't wait for the special day to come, when he would arrive at the party on wheels while playing the violin.

On the night of the party Merlin did as he had planned, rolling into the room playing his violin. Quite astonished, all present cast their eyes over him. Then, unexpectedly, came one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlin's grand entrance for a long time!

1. Merlin was considered a dreamer because he _______.

A. always dreamed while sleeping

B. invented the roller skates

C. often gave others surprises

D. had very rich imagination

2. Merlin roller skated into the room in order to _______.

A. arrive at the party on time

B. impress the party guests

C. test his new roller skates

D. make the host satisfied

3. The main point the writer tries to make in the last paragraph is _______.

A. the party guests laughed at Merlin

B. the roller skates needed improving

C. Merlin succeeded beyond expectation

D. Merlin got himself into great trouble

4. The text is mainly about _______.

A. an unusual party

B. the origin of roller skating

C. a funny musician

D. the great joy Merlin brought

F

(合肥一中2011年冲刺高考模拟最后一卷)

When I was a kid, I was a little fat, but I was also into sports. In college, I was less active, and I started blowing up. It got out of control when I went to law school.

I'd made a mental decision a thousand times; I'm going to start losing weight now. But what prompted me to get serious about it was turning 30. At that point, I weighed 414 pounds. I was always tired. I have a family history of heart disease, and I was scared. I also wanted to look better. So a few weeks after my birthday, in the spring of 2006, I started to lose weight.

Walking was all I could do at first. I started by walking to a subway stop a few blocks away instead of the one closest to my apartment. On weekends, I'd walk in Central Park. I gradually increased the distance. A year later, I started to run. At first I could run for only two minutes, but I kept on.

It made a difference. I was losing nine or ten pounds a month, and I had a lot more energy. And there's something about running. It makes you feel like a kid again. I enjoyed it. I started to think about the New York City Marathon, which goes right past my apartment building. For years, I thought I could never do that. But now I realized that maybe I could. By my 33rd birthday, in the spring of 2009, I was down to 180 pounds. That summer, I started formally training for the marathon. And on the morning of November 1, I stood on the Verrazano Bridge in Staten Island with more than 40,000 other runners, waiting for the event to start. When we started moving, it was an amazing feeling to have people cheering me on, handing me cups of water. In Harlem, my mom and brother stood on a street corner, waving. And then I crossed the finish line in Central Park, and somebody put a medal around my neck. I was in tears from being so happy.

At that moment, I knew: If I set my mind to something, nothing is impossible.

1. How old is the writer in the year of 2006

A. 30. B. 31.

C. 32. D. 33.

2. The underlined word “blowing up” in Paragraph 1 could roughly be replaced by _______.

A. losing the temper

B. gaining weight

C. breaking the tire

D. air charging

3. The first step the writer takes to lose his weight is _______.

A. dieting B. running

C. walking D. swimming

4. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. The writer once weighed 414 pounds.

B. The writer lives in New York City.

C. The writer almost lost more than 200 pounds during 3 years.

D. The starting point of the City Marathon is Central Park.

G

(皖南八校2011届高三第三次联考)

If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first. This is a lesson that some large American corporations have learned the hard way.

What's in the name?

Sometimes the problem is the name. When General Motors introduced its Chevy Nova into Latin America, it overlooked the fact that Nova in Spanish means “It doesn't go”. Sure enough, the Chevy Nova never went anywhere in Latin America.

Translation problems

Sometimes it is the slogan that doesn't work. No company knows this better than Pepsi—Cola, with its “Come alive with Pepsi!” campaign. The campaign was so successful in the United States, Pepsi translated its slogan literally for its international campaign. As it turned out, the translations weren't quite right. Pepsi was begging Germans to “Come out of the grave” and telling the Chinese that “Pepsi brings your ancestors back from the grave.”

A picture's worth a thousand words

Other times, the problem involves packaging. A picture of a smiling baby has helped sell countless jars of Gerber baby food. When Gerber started selling baby food in Africa, they used the same packaging as in the US, with the smiling baby on the label. Later they learned that in African countries, the picture on the jar shows what the jar has in it, for many people there can't read.

Twist (扭曲,扭转) of fate

Even culture and religious factors and pure coincidence can be involved. Thorn McAn shoes have a Thorn McAn “signature” inside. To people in Bangladesh, which is a Muslim country, this signature looked like Arabic script for the word Allah. In that country, feet are considered unclean, and Muslims felt the company was offending God's name by having people walk on it.

1. From the text we learn that _______.

A. Chevy Nova was brought in Latin America

B. General Motors did the best market research of all companies

C. Pepsi still sold well in China owing to the translation problems

D. the “Come alive with Pepsi” campaign worked well in the US

2. What was Gerber's problem?

A. A translation problem.

B. Cultural factor.

C. Religious factor.

D. The picture on the jar.

3. For what reason were Thorn McAn shoes turned down in Bangladesh?

A. They are not designed attractively.

B. Their advertisements are not persuasive.

C. A signature looking like the word Allah was in the shoes.

D. Problem For Thorn McAn was the company's name.

4. What does the text mainly tell us?

A. Lessons from some large corporations.

B. How to make use of advertisements.

C. The importance of market research.

D. The importance of packaging.

H

(安徽名校2011届高三第一次联考)

Face-to-face communication involves much more than the spoken word. In fact, we often communicate our feelings to others through our body language without realizing we are doing so. We communicate through posture (姿态,体态), gesture and facial expression. But the eyes also play an important part in this unspoken language. William Shakespeare called the eyes “a window to the soul,” and you can learn to look through that window and better understand a person's body language by reading eye movement.

Begin a conversation and ask a simple question. Watch carefully for eye movement during the response. If the person looks up, he or she is thinking or forming pictures. This is also a sign of a visual thinker. Looking up and to the left shows recalling a memory, while looking up and to the right could show imaginative construction or lying.

If the person looks down, this could be a sign of obedience (服从) or even blame. Looking down and to the left can show a person talking to themselves. Looking down and to the right can show that they are feeling strong emotion.

Looking sideways can indicate distraction or checking out a potential threat, but a sideways glance can also show anger. In addition, eyes that look side to side often show shiftiness and lying.

A glance usually indicates a desire for something. Glancing at a door could show a desire to leave the room, while a glance, at a person could indicate a desire to talk to them. A glance is also used when it is forbidden to look at something.

A person who is lying to you may hold eye contact longer than normal. In addition, this person might smile with his mouth but not with his eyes. Smiling with the eyes is difficult to do if the emotion is not genuine.

Rapid blinking (眨) of the eyes can occur when a person is thinking, and this can also be another sign of lying. Again, a person who is aware of this sign might overcompensate (补偿过度) and stare.

1. The writer supported his argument in the first paragraph by _______.

A. using a quotation

B. defining the body language

C. telling a story of William Shakespeare

D. making a comment on eyes

2. Which of the following eye movement shows a dishonest speaker?

A. If he looks up and to the left.

B. If he looks up and to the right.

C. If he looks down and to the left.

D. If he looks down and to the right.

3. Which eye movement cannot hide your feelings?

A. Looking side to side.

B. Blinking the eyes quickly.

C. Smiling with the eyes.

D. Maintaining a prolonged eyes contact.

4. The writer wrote this passage to _______.

A. introduce the different meanings of the body languages

B. teach us how to use eyes to express ourselves

C. explain the importance of body languages

D. tell us how to read eye movement

参考答案与解析

A

【导读】绿色环保是当今人们的热点话题,因此也是考试中经常出现的内容之一。本文讲述了目前环保驾驶如何越来越受到人们的欢迎,应运而生的汽车共享(car sharing)及其服务机构也随之受到青睐。

1. C 推理判断题。文章第一句话Car sharing is another way to drive green that's gaining in popularity, especially in urban areas.是本文的主题句,据此可知答案为C。

2. C 推理判断题。从第一段中Car sharing is usually run by a service like Zipcar, though there are non-profit and informal car sharing services. Members pay a monthly fee and have access to an entire fleet of cars when they need one.两句可以判断出C为正确答案。

3. A 主旨大意题。第二段第一句话Car sharing has major environmental benefits because it reduces the number of cars on the road.和后面的内容都讲述了car sharing的优点。这些优点都是人们愿意car sharing的原因。

4. D 推理判断题。前三个选项文中已提及,只有D没有在文中提及。

B

【导读】本文介绍了目前科学家正在检测一种新的O型血的制造方法来解决现在医院和血库中O型血的匮乏问题。

1. A 细节理解题。由文章第一段最后一句话What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.可知答案为A。

2. A 细节理解题。由文章第五段第一句话The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules.可知答案为A。

3. C 推理判断题。由文章第二段中的Type O can be safely given to anyone.和第三段中的Type O blood is used in emergencies when there is no time to identify the patient's blood type.可知答案为C。

4. B 主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段可知本文主要介绍科学家发现了一种新的O型血的制造方法,所以答案为B。

C

【导读】研究者们通过研究测试发现:双语者(bilinguals)在阅读、写作、理解等方面能力都比单语者更强,而且第二语言学习的年龄越小,就会大脑更灵活、思维力越强。

1. C 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段和后面对研究的叙述可知C是正确答案。

2. D 推理判断题。根据第二段知:研究表明,学习其他语言可以改变主管信息加工的大脑区域,并使之更强大,这就如同锻炼可以增长肌肉一样。可以看出作者把学习第二语言对大脑的作用比作了身体锻炼对肌肉的作用。

3. A 推理判断题。根据第三、四、五段的内容可推知。

4. C 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的…took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language…和第五段的第一句话Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.可以推知答案为C。

D

【导读】一种新的方法rain garden可储存和清洁过多的雨水供干旱时使用,同时还解决了大雨可能造成城市内涝的问题。本文就是介绍rain garden是如何发挥作用的。

1. D 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容,尤其是最后一句可得知答案为D。

2. B 细节理解题。由第二段中We are likely to be hearing about it a lot more often over the next few years.一句可知答案为B。

3. D 细节理解题。由第三段中What happens in city environments can be completely different—a large, amount of rainwater flows straight off the hard surfaces of roofs and roads.一句可知答案。

4. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可得出答案。

E

【导读】身为乐器制造师的Merlin喜欢幻想、创新。一次参加化装舞会时,为了使他的入场给人们以新奇感,他用自己制出的旱冰鞋边滑边演奏小提琴入场,吸引了所有在场人的目光。文章介绍的是roller skating的起源。

1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句话Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams. People called him a dreamer.和后面对故事情节的描述可得知答案为D。

2. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中As the day of the party came near,Merlin began to think hard how to make a grand entrance at the party. A strange idea struck him one day—he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.两句话可得知答案为B。

3. C 推理判断题。最后一段作者既写到意料之中的事情(Merlin穿着旱冰鞋参加聚会引起满堂宾客的注意),又提到意料之外的事情(他撞落墙上的大镜子),两件事的共同发生使Merlin获得了意想不到的成功,所以答案为C。

4. B 主旨大意题。文章介绍的是roller skating的起源。

F

【导读】作者在开始上大学时懒于运动,导致在原来就胖的基础上更加肥胖,带来很多不便,但是通过坚强的意志进行锻炼,终于取得了较好的减肥效果。

1. A 细节理解题。从文章第二段中But what prompted me to get serious about it was turning 30.一句可知答案为A。

2. B 词义猜测题。根据前后语句可推知是“胖起来了”。

3. C 细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句话Walking was all I could do at first.可知答案为C。

4. D 推理判断题。从文章第四段中的And then I crossed the finish line in Central Park,…可知答案为D。

G

【导读】公司要想把产品打到国际上去,就要进行市场研究,从产品的名称内涵、翻译、包装上的图片内容到销往地区的宗教文化等都要充分调查研究,否则,不仅仅产品卖不掉,还会产生文化冲突。

1. D 细节理解题。由第三段中The campaign was so successful in the United States,…一句可知答案为D。

2. D 细节理解题。由第四段内容可知答案为D。

3. C 细节理解题。由最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句话可知答案为C。

4. C 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第一段主题段的内容可知答案为C。

H

【导读】眼睛是心灵的窗户,透过眼睛我们可以看到一个人的内心世界。本文主要介绍了一些眼神的含义。

1. A 细节理解题。由第一段中William Shakespeare called the eyes “a window to the soul,”可知是引用莎士比亚的话,所以选A。

2. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的while looking up and to the right could show imaginative construction or lying可知答案为B。

3. C 细节理解题。从倒数第二段中的Smiling with the eyes is difficult to do if the emotion is not genuine. 可知用眼睛来微笑是最真诚的, 所以答案为C。

4. D 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些眼神的含义,所以选D。

3.大学英语三试题 篇三

Ⅰ. 听力测试部分（共三节 满分25分）

第一节（共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分）

听下面6个问题。每个问题后有三个答语，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每个问题后，你都有5秒钟的时间来作答和阅读下一小题。每个问题仅读一遍。

( )1. A. Fine.B. Five.C. Fishing.

( )2. A. Reading.B. A nurse. C. In America.

( )3. A. Not at all B. Thats all right C. No problem

( )4. A. In our schoolB. At 8:30 amC. My book

( )5. A. By bus B. With my classmateC. Very late

( )6. A. Its cool.B. Its Tuesday. C. Its April 8.

第二节（共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分）

听下面6段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

( )7. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In a classroom. B. In an office. C. In a hospital.

( )8. Whose car is it?

A. Toms.B. Toms friends.C. Toms parents.

( )9. How long might it take to get there if you go on foot?

A. More than two hours.B. Less than ten minutes.C. About half an hour.

( )10. What does the man want to do?

A. He wants to mend his trousers.B. He wants the woman to mend his trousers.

C. He wants the woman to mend his shirt.

( )11. Whos looking for Lily?

A. The man. B. Her boss.C. One of her friends.

( )12.Where do you think these two people are talking?

A. At the market.B. At a bookstore.C. At the cinema.

第三节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话和独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第13段材料，回答第13至15题。

( )13. What is the woman looking for?

A. A bookstore. B. A museum. C. A post office.

( )14. How far is the place?

A. It is about 2 kilometers away. B. Its 2 meters away.

C. Its about 15 kilometers away.

( )15. How will the woman get there according to the conversation?

A. On foot. B. By car. C. By train.

听第14段材料，回答第16至18题。

( )16. What did Lucy use to collect?

A. Coins.B. Shells.C. Stamps.

( )17. What is Jacks hobby now?

A. Swimming.B. Fishing.C. Skating.

( )18. Why did Jack give up taking pictures?

A. Because it is difficult.B. Because it is expensive.C. Because it isnt interesting.

听第15段材料，回答第19至22题。

( )19. Where did the man use to work?

A. In a publishing company. B. In a university.C. In a bookstore.

( )20. Which is TRUE about the man?

A. Sometimes he does things that dont pay.B. He works as a regular lecturer.

C. He is out of work.

( )21. What does the man think of his present way of life?

A. Enjoyable.B. Energetic.C. Terrible.

( )22. Where has the woman just been to?

A. A publishing companyB. Singapore C. A College

听第16段材料，回答第23至25题。

( )23. Why did they come to the farmers house?

4.三年级英语期中测试题 篇四

一、请选出每组单词中不同类的单词。

( ) 1.A. dad B. mother C .grandpa

( ) 2.A. morning B. afternoon C .today

( ) 3.A. pencil B. book C. school

( ) 4.A. kangaroo B. lion C. lock

( ) 5.A. red B. one C. green

( ) 6.A. girl B. boy C .woman

( ) 7.A. class B. school C. pen

( ) 8.A. China B. Canada C. USA

( ) 9.A. mother B. father C.teacher

( ) 10. A.twelve B . five C. picture

二、英汉互译。

A B

woman (外)祖父 meet 观看

teacher 家庭 watch 跳

grandfather 朋友 guess 画画

family 教师 jump 遇见

friend 女士 draw 猜测

三、单项选择。

1.( )-----______is that woman ?

----She is my English teacher ，Miss Chen .

A Where B who C what

2.( )-----How many _______can you see ?

-------Nineteen.

A kite B kites C cat

3.( )I _____a new friend . Her name is Alice .

A am B have C has

4.( )------Who is that girl ?

-------_____ is my sister.

A I B He C She

5.( )------______ are you from ?

------I’m from America.

A Where B Who C How many

6.( )------Happy Women’s Day ! Miss White! ------________

A Happy Women’s Day B Thank you C Good idea

7.( )------How are you?

------

A How are you? B I’m fine, thank you. C I am six.

8.( )------How many pens do you have?

------

A I have four B I can see four. C Yes, I am.

9.( )------Who’s that man?

------

A He’s my father. B She’s my mother. C I am a girl.

10.( )------I’m sorry!

------

A.I’m sorry! B. It’s OK! C. No.

四、请根据下面情景, 选择恰当的选项。

( ) 1. 当别人问Amy来自哪里, 她应回答说:：___________

A. You’re welcome. B. I’m from America. C. My name is Amy.

( ) 2.当你很惊讶地看到一条大鱼时, 应说: _______.

A. What a big goose! B. Howbeautiful! C. What a big fish!

( ) 3. 当你把物品给别人时, 应说: ______.

A. It’s here. B. Here you are. C. Here it is.

( ) 4. Mike 来自Canada,他用餐时喜欢使用 ______.

A. chopsticks B. knife C. fork and knife

( ) 5. 当看到别人要摔倒时，应说：_________.

A. Watch TV. B. Watch out. C. Look at me.

五、在B栏中找出A栏的正确答语。

A B

( ) 1. What’s that? A. I have thirteen pencils

( ) 2. Who’s that woman? B. That’s a pen.

( ) 3. How are you? C. I’m from China.

( ) 4. How old are you? D. Sure.

( ) 5. Where are you from? E. She is a teacher.

( ) 6. How many monkeys can you see? F. I’m fine.

( ) 7. Can I have some ice-cream? G. She is my mother.

( ) 8. How many pencils do you have? H. I’m eleven

( ) 9. What’s your mother? I. I can see twenty-two monkeys?

六、阅读短文，判断对错。

Mike and John are good friends. Mike is twelve. John is thirteen. They are good students. They like hamburgers. Miss White is their (他们的)English teacher. She likes them very much.

( ) 1. Mike and John are good friends.

( ) 2. Mike is twelve.

( ) 3. John is twelve, too.

( ) 4. Tom likes hamburgers.

5.小学三年级英语考试题 篇五

一、选出你所听到的单词（10’）

(    )1.  A  shop     B  jump     C  chip     D  jeep

(    )2.  A  pill       B  full         C  doll     D  ill

(    )3.  A  make     B  cake        C  look       D  fix

(    )4.  A  friends    B  beds        C  coats      D  cats

(    )5.  A  three     B  month       C  zoo       D  nose

二、听音连线（10‘）

三、听音排序（10’）

(  ) A. It‘s Sports Day today.

(  ) B. What are you going to do on Saturday?

(  ) C. I’m going to be a doctor..

(  ) D. I have got a bike.

(  ) E. We are going to go swimming in summer.

二、基础知识与综合能力运用（70‘）

一、补全单词（10’）

(    ) 1.  caref __ l     A. a          B. f           C. u

(    ) 2.  visi __       A. i           B. t           C. f

(    ) 3.  ju __ p       A.i           B. u           C. m

(    ) 4.  __et         A.p           B. h          C. f

(    ) 5.  peo __le      A.p          B. b           C. d

二、单词填写（12‘）

1.  Noodles are Chinese _________  ________ .(快餐)

2.  I can go to the ___________.(商店)

3.  You are a  _______ boy.(聪明的)

4.  I’m going to swim in the  __________ .(大海)

5.  There is a stone ________.(动物)

三、单项选择(20‘)

(    ) 1.  _______ I have an ice cream ?

A. Are        B. Can          C. Is

(    ) 2. There ______ five books.

A. is          B. in            C. are

(    ) 3. How many ______are there?

A. horse       B. hore       C. horses.

(    ) 4. Hamburgers and chips are ________ fast food .

A. Chinese       B. English

(    ) 5. What are you doing ?  I’m_______.

A. swim       B. swam      C. swimming

(    ) 6. Are you going to _______ to Hainan ?

A. go         B. back       C. play

(    ) 7. I‘m going to _______ a driver.

A. is          B. be         C. are

(    ) 8. I’m going to  _______.

A. listen music   B. listen to music    C. music

(    ) 9. Do you use chopsticks in England? No, _______.

A. I do       B. I don‘t       C. I can

(    ) 10. _______you got a ruler? Yes, I have.

A. Has        B. Have        C. Do

四、问答连线：（18’）

A. Do you use chopsticks in China ?        1. I‘m going to Amy’s house.

B. Can you jump far?                    2. No, I am‘t.

C. Have you got a computer?              3. Yes, I do.

D. How many pencils are there?            4. No, I can’t.

E. Can this bird fly?                      5. I‘m going to swim.

F. What are you going to do in summer?     6. I’m watching TV.

G. Where are you going?                  7. There are four.

H. Are you going to swim?                 8. Yes, I have.

I.   What are you doing?                   9. No, it can‘t.

五、阅读理解并判断对错（10’）

Hello, my name is Mike. I‘m a Chinese boy. I’m eleven. I like playing football and basketball. I like summer, I go swimming in summer. I have got many toys, but my favourite toys are computer games and teddy bear. I have a friend, his name is Tom. We play football at school.

1. My name is Tom. (   )

2. I like basketball. (   )

3. I like swimming in summer. (  )

4. My favourite toys are computer games and teddy bear. (  )

6.三年级上册英语期末测试题 篇六

一. Listen and number(同学们，学习英语，我们会有许多新朋友，你都认识他们了吗?根据听到的内容，给他们排排队吧!)(16)

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

二、听音，给下列物品涂上相应的颜色。(10分)

三 听录音，选出你所听到句子,把编号填在括号里。(14)

( )1、A、Good morning. B、Good bye. C、Goodafternoon.

( )2、A、Ok! B、Here it is. C、Nice to meet you

( )3、A、Hi, Chen Jie! B、This is Mike. C、Me too!

( )4、A、Wow! B、See you. C、bye!

( )5、A、Nice to meet you ,too. B、Hi C、How are you?

( )6 A、Touch your head. B、Touch your ear.

( )7A、This is the arm. B、This is the leg.

笔试部分(60分)

一、选出每组中不同类的单词，将序号填在括号里。(10分)

( )1、A、foot B、body C、bag

( )2、A、blue B、hello C、yellow

( )3、A、nose B、ear C、pen

( )4、A、eraser B、hand C、pencil box

( )5、A、this B、dog C、cat

二、读单词，给小男孩的身体部位标上相应的序号。(16分)

1、head 2、eye 3、leg 4、arm 5、ear 6、foot 7、mouth 8、hand

三、填空 从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，将其字母标号填入题前括号内。(18)

( )1 --- What’s your name?

---- ________.

A. My name’s Bai Ling. B. This is Bai Ling.

( )2 --- How are you?

--- ________.

A. Fine,thank you. B. Thanks C. Me too.

( )3-- I have a pencil.

--- ___________

A. Goodbye. B. Me too. C. OK.

( )4.--- Nice to meet you.

--- .

A. Nice to meet you,too. B. I like green. C. Me too.

( )5--- Colour it _____.

A. blue B.crayon C. pencil

( )6--- Good morning!

--- ___________

A. Good morning B. Good afternoon. C. OK.

( )7---________?

--- I’m Sarah.

A. How are you B.What’s your name? C. This is Sarah.

( )8---Goodbye,Miss Green.

--- __________

A. Thanks. B.Bye. C. Great.

( )9---I have ____ruler.

A.leg B.a C.an

四、读一读，选一选，找出相应的答句，并将字母编号填到括号里。(16)

( ) 1.Goodbye? A Me too.

( ) 2. What is your name? B. Bye

( ) 3. hello C. I `m Zip.

( ) 4. I have an eraser. D. Hi

答案

一

1Sarah 2zoom 3chenjie 4mike 5wuyifan 6miss white

7John 8Mr.Jones

二

1 bag is blue 2 pencil is red 3 hand is brown 4 book is green

5ear is orange

三

1Goodafternoon. 2nice to meet you 3Hi, Chen Jie! 4Bye 、5How are you 6touch your ear 7 this is leg

1.初二英语期末预测试题【含答案】

2.小学三年级上册英语期末测试卷

3.小学三年级上册英语期末检测卷

4.初一英语测试题

5.六年级上册英语试题期末听力测试题

6.-高中英语必修4期末测试题及答案(人教版)

7.八年级上学期英语期末测试题及答案

8.商务英语模拟测试题精选

9.初二英语试题 Experiences测试题及答案

7.大学英语三试题 篇七

一、语言文字运用 (15分)

1.下列词语中加点的字, 读音全都相同的一组是 (3分)

A.窨井谙达世情歆慕 万马齐喑

B.酝酿稂莠不分踉跄 书声琅琅

C.菲薄匪夷所思诽谤 斐然可观

D.侪辈济济一堂跻身 霁月光风

2.下列各句中, 没有语病的一句是 (3分)

A.我国照明用电约占全社会用电量的13%左右, 如果把我国在用的14亿只白炽灯替换为节能灯, 每年可节电480亿度, 节能减排潜力很大。

B.随着中国首辆月球车———“嫦娥三号”巡视器“玉兔号”登月任务的圆满成功, 中国成为世界上第三个实现探测器软着陆月球的国家。

C.近日, 珠算被正式列入人类非物质文化遗产, 成为我国第30项非遗项目, 此前联合国教科文组织曾赞誉它是“世界上最古老的计算机”。

D.魔方被誉为世界三大智力玩具之一, 在匈牙利街头巷尾随处可见人们在玩魔方, 发明它的建筑学家鲁比克·艾尔诺则是匈牙利人的偶像。

3.当代著名作家李存葆对散文的创作要领有如下形象的描述, 请你将李存葆的基本观点用平易朴实 的语言重 新表述。要求:1用“宜……不宜……”的句式;2每条不超过10个字。 (4分)

散文是讲究气、韵、趣、味的。气可以是狂涛飞瀑, 也可以是平湖静波;韵可以是晨钟暮鼓, 也可以是蝉噪虫鸣;趣可以是武松打虎, 也可以是云中观月;味可以是熊掌鲍鱼, 也可以是黄瓜土豆。

答: (1) 气:总是_____

(2) 韵:总是_____

(3) 趣:总是_____

(4) 味:总是_____

4.新闻点评就是用简约的文字对新闻进行评论。请选择两个不同的角度点评下面这则新闻。要求观点明确, 不超过40个字。 (5分)

朋友们都在说, 2013就是爱你一生, 2014就是爱你一世, 那就让《新闻联播》和您一起传承这一生一世的爱和正能量吧!

———2014年新年伊始, 一向以严肃著称的央视《新闻联播》向全国观众“卖萌”

答: (1) ___________________

(2) ___________________

二、文言文阅读 (19分)

阅读下面的文言文, 完成5~8题。

壬衍字夷甫, 神情明秀, 风姿详雅。总角尝造獉山涛, 涛嗟叹良久。既去, 目而送之曰:“何物老妪, 生宁馨儿!然误天下苍生者, 未必非此人也。”衍年十四, 时在京师, 造仆射羊祜, 申陈事状, 辞甚清辩。祜名德贵重, 而衍幼年无屈下之色, 众咸异之。杨骏欲以女妻焉, 衍耻之, 遂阳狂自免。武帝闻其名, 问戎曰:“夷甫当世谁比?”戎曰:“未见其比, 当从古人中求之。”

衍既有盛才美貌, 明悟若神, 常自比子贡。女为愍怀太子妃, 太子为贾后所诬, 衍惧祸, 自表离婚。贾后既废, 有司奏衍, 曰:“太子被诬得罪, 衍不能守死善道, 即求离婚。得太子手书, 隐蔽不出。志在苟免, 无忠蹇之操。宜加显责, 以厉臣节。可禁锢终身。”从之。

衍虽居宰辅之重, 不以经獉国为念, 而思自全之计。说东海王越曰:“中国已乱, 当赖方伯, 宜得文武兼资以任之。”乃以弟澄为荆州, 族弟敦为青州。因谓澄、敦曰:“荆州有江汉之固, 青州有负海之险, 卿二人在外, 而吾留此, 足以为三窟矣。”识者鄙之。

越之讨苟晞也, 衍以太尉为太傅军司。及越薨, 众共推为元帅。衍以贼寇锋起, 惧不敢当。辞曰:“吾少无宦情, 随牒推移, 遂至于此。今日之事, 安可以非才处之?”俄而举军为石勒所破, 勒呼王公, 与之相见, 问衍以晋故。衍为陈祸败之由, 云计不在己。勒甚悦之, 与语移日。衍自说少不豫獉事, 欲求自免, 因劝勒尊号。勒怒曰:“君名盖四海, 身居重任, 少壮登朝, 至于白首, 何得言不豫世事邪!破坏天下, 正是君罪。”使左右扶出。谓其党孔苌曰:“吾行天下多矣, 未尝见如此人, 当可活不?”苌曰:“彼晋之三公, 必不为我尽力, 又何足贵乎?”勒曰:“要不可加以锋刃也。”使人夜排獉墙填杀之。衍将死, 顾而言曰:“呜呼!吾曹虽不如古人, 向若不祖尚浮虚, 戮力以匡天下, 犹可不至今日。”时年五十六。

(选自《晋书·列传第十三》, 有删改)

5.对下列句子中加点词的解释, 不正确的一项是 (3分)

A.总角尝造山涛造:拜访

B.不以经国为念经:治理

C.衍自说少不豫事豫:参与

D.使人夜排墙填杀之排:挖掘

6.下列句子中, 分别直接表明王衍“浮虚”和“自全”的一组是 (3分)

7.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析, 不正确的一项是 (3分)

A.王衍既有高才美貌, 又明智颖悟如神, 不仅自视甚高, 认为有子贡之才, 而且也为同代人称道, 王戎就认为他的才能当世无人能及。

B.王衍的女儿是愍怀太子的妃子, 太子被贾后诬陷之时, 为不让贾后查找到嫁祸太子的证据, 王衍将太子亲笔写给他的信藏了起来。

C.孔苌认为, 王衍在晋朝官运亨通, 可是在国难之际却不能为国出力, 所以战败也不可能真心归附尽力, 应除掉这种没有责任心的人。

D.王衍缺少的不是聪明才智, 而是敢于负责、勇于担当的精神, 他靠小聪明暂时逃脱了一些责任, 但最终还是为推诿付出了惨重代价。

8.把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。 (10分)

(1) 杨骏欲以女妻焉, 衍耻之, 遂阳狂自免。 (3分)

译文:___________________________

(2) 中国已乱, 当赖方伯, 宜得文武兼资以任之。 (4分)

译文:___________________________

(3) 勒甚悦之, 与语移日。 (3分)

译文:___________________________

三、古诗词鉴赏 (10分)

9.阅读下面这首诗, 然后回答问题。

遣悲怀三首1 (其一)

元稹

谢公2最小偏怜女, 自嫁黔娄3百事乖。

顾我无衣搜画箧, 泥他沽酒拔金钗。

野蔬充膳甘长藿, 落叶添薪仰古槐。

今日俸钱过十万, 与君营奠复营斋。

【注】1元稹的原配妻子韦丛是太子少保韦夏卿的小女, 和元稹结婚后生活比较贫困, 但贤惠无怨。七年后, 韦丛病逝。元稹写了不少悼亡诗, 其中最著名的有三首《遣悲怀》, 此为其中一首。2谢公:指东晋宰相谢安。3黔娄:战国时齐国的一个有志节的贫士。

(1) 请简要分析“顾”“泥”二字在表情达意上的作用。 (2分)

答:__________________________

(2) 第四联与前三联相比, 在写法上有什么变化?表达了诗人什么样的心情? (4分)

答:__________________________

(3) 清人孙洙说:“古今悼亡诗充栋, 终无能出此三首范围者。勿以浅近忽之。”试结合本诗作简要分析。 (4分)

答:__________________________

四、名句名篇默写 (8分)

10.补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。

(1) 三岁为妇, 靡室劳矣。___________, 靡有朝矣。 (《诗经·氓》)

(2) ___________, 万钟于我何加焉? (孟子《鱼我所欲也》)

(3) 若夫乘天地之正, ___________, 以游无穷者, 彼且恶乎待哉! (庄子《逍遥游》)

(4) 地崩山摧壮士死, ___________。 (李白《蜀道难》)

(5) 东船西舫悄无言, ___________。 (白居易《琵琶行》)

(6) 浊酒一杯家万里, ___________。 (范仲淹《渔家傲·秋思》)

(7) ___________, 风流总被, 雨打风吹去。 (辛弃疾《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》)

(8) 无边落木萧萧下, ___________。 (杜甫《登高》)

五、现代文阅读:文学类文本 (20分)

阅读下面的作品, 完成11~14题。

童神掌

曹德权

童神掌名玉堂, 号宗翁, 乃小镇一奇人。他年过八旬, 竟能端坐如钟, 行走步健, 还不要扶手杖。每顿上三两白米饭、二两粮食酒, 作息极有规律。看情形, 这是个奔百岁高寿处走的人。

童神掌不是武林中人, 乃小镇一神医。说是神医, 他并不精医理, 号脉把诊, 望闻问切, 他却不屑, 专治跌打损伤。闪了腰错了颈、崴了脚扭了屁股脱了骱什么的, 只要是生伤不曾整断骨头, 找到他就是绝对遇到了神医。

他给人治伤很特别, 问明伤处, 探手给你摸一摸、捏一捏, 有的捏你两爪就好了, 有的给你两巴掌就行了, 有的踢你一脚就对头了。他说这跌打损伤不算回事, 实际上就是骨头骨节错了位, 两掌整复原就行了, 这叫接逗, 算不得手艺的。

他说不算手艺, 小镇人却把他这一手看得很神, 称他童神掌。名号一响, 方圆几十里有此类伤情者便都找上门来, 甚至还有从几百里外专程前来小镇找他诊治的。童神掌不论何人, 伤情轻重, 每人一律收费六十元包好, 如没有治好, 诊费加倍奉还。但小镇人还从来没见过找他退诊费的。

童神掌每日里诊治一二十个伤者, 收入自然可观, 但他生性乐善好施, 把钱看得并不紧要, 且立下一个怪规矩, 每收六十元钱, 从中提五元给小镇敬老院, 提十元补贴志愿军老兵的生活, 提二十元给镇小学, 提十元给军烈属, 剩下的才归自己。每月下来, 他都要亲自把这些钱送到镇政府有关部门帮他代发。

镇子里的人们, 对童神掌的德行皆交口赞誉, 其威信自然远在镇书记、镇长之上。

此后, 小镇出现许多奇事, 先是童神掌被选为镇人代会代表, 此后届届满票当选。童神掌本是个心性率直的人, 现在他是人民代表了, 便极认真地参政、议政。镇政府对老百姓的提留多了他要提意见, 教师工资没按时发放他要出面呼吁, 干部进了饭馆大吃大喝他要干涉, 弄得镇政府的头脑们见到他就紧张。

镇政府的镇长在童神掌当了人民代表后, 有三任被他弄丢了官。童神掌提意见从不在背后提, 大多是在人代会上说。第一任镇长因下乡经常打的, 他说, 下乡打什么的呢?过去的镇领导骑个洋马儿 (自行车) 不照样下乡吗?他在会上发这一嗓, 结果人代会代表们都听他的, 这个镇长就落选了!此后的两任镇长, 一个因进高档娱乐场所, 一个因进茶坊同几个包工头打牌赌大钱, 皆被他在人代会上发一嗓给弄下了台。

童神掌85岁这年, 决意不再当人大代表了。他对人说:“现在我们选了个好镇长, 再加上我也老了, 选好了人我也就放心了。”

好镇长姓段, 是个实在人, 原来是个村支书, 他上台后为老百姓做了许多实事, 深受乡民的拥戴。也是他同童神掌有缘, 这天, 他下乡帮村民搞稻鱼共生的科技项目时摔下了田, 扭了颈子。

段镇长偏着个颈子回镇子找到了童神掌。

童神掌向前瞅了瞅, 突地发出口令:“立正!”

段镇长下意识地站好, 做了个立正的姿势。

童神掌点点头:“好, 好, 身正不怕 颈子歪哟!”

童神掌说完一耳光扇向段镇长, 响亮的耳光中伴着咔嚓一声。

段镇长扭了扭头:“哈哈, 硬是一点儿都不偏了, 神掌, 神掌!”

(选自《中国当代小小说大系》第五卷)

11.童神掌的“神”表现在哪些方面?其原因有哪些? (4分)

答:_______________________

12.请分析画线句子在文中的作用。 (4分)

答:_______________________

13.小说中, 作者安排“治歪颈子”这一细节, 有什么用意? (6分)

答:_______________________

14.这篇小说行文不用一个完整的故事, 而用剪辑串联之法, 这样写有什么作用?试作探究。 (6分)

答:_______________________

六、现代文阅读:论述类文本 (18分)

阅读下面的文章, 完成15~17题。

从传统文化中汲取生态文明建设智慧

沈祖炜

现代工业文明的文化起点是人类中心主义, 它将人类视为自然万物的中心和主宰, 将自然界视为满足人类无限欲望的对象。所谓“人定胜天”充分显示了人类的自大和狂妄。近现代以来, 工业化急剧推进的后果目前已经日益显现, 资源短缺, 环境破坏, 地球生态退化, 人类自身开始遭到自然的报复。

在这样的危机之中, 越来越多的有识之士奋起疾呼:保护生态环境就是保护人类自己。美国学者杰里米·里夫金提出的第三次工业革命的发展模式认为, 依托互联网和可再生能源的结合, 可以化解人类面临的能源危机。从技术层面来看, 第三次工业革命确实是生态文明建设的重要契机, 我们必须紧紧抓住。但是如果人类不改变自己的消费主义、享乐主义的行为模式, 节能环保产业在新技术支撑下的发展, 尽管可能降低单位能耗和排污指标, 但是不会改变能源消耗和污染排放总量增加的趋势。所以, 从治本的意义上说, 我国要推进生态文明建设必须从传统文化中汲取智慧。

中国传统文化三大主要流派儒、道、释的思想内核中都有合乎生态文明理念的地方。儒家“天人合一”的生态自然观, 强调人对于“天”要有敬畏之心。道家主张无为, 不是说无所事事, 而是要求节制欲念, 不做违背自然法则之事。释家则把人看作世间万物中平等的一员, 把不杀生当作修身的重要信条。

中国传统文化具有人本主义精神, 关注人与自然的和谐关系, 突出了对生态文明的重视。儒家重“人学”, 从人伦社会关系切入天人关系, 并将天道人伦化, 以人伦解释天意, 建立了一套以仁义思想为核心, 强调人与自然一体性的理论体系。中国文化熏陶下的文人雅士在对待人与自然的关系上也强调生态环境为人服务, 优美的环境因人而彰。柳宗元阐述自己的美学观点时说:“夫美不自美, 因人而彰。兰亭也, 不遭右军, 则清湍修竹, 芜没与空山矣。”道家则从自然之道出发, 以自然无为为基本要求, 告诫世人尊重自然、顺应自然, 实现人与自然的和谐统一。释家告诫世人, 以节欲苦修来世, 减少生活资源的消耗, 从而求得精神与肉身的平衡, 人与世间万物的平衡。

中国传统文化主张对生态环境和自然资源进行有效管理, 其实践对今天仍有教益。上古舜治天下, 设九官, 其中“虞”掌管山林、川泽、草木、鸟兽等有关资源和环境的事宜。到了周代, 朝廷分设山虞、川衡、林衡、泽虞四个部门来加以管理。秦汉时改设“少府”, 三国以后又恢复“虞官”, 唐宋明清历代朝廷均设“虞衡司”或“虞部”。可见历代皇朝对环境资源都是十分重视的, 这既是出于物产之考虑, 也是基于“天人合一”的敬畏之心, 具有平衡生态、保护环境的潜意识。《逸周书·大聚篇》记载, 大禹曾发布春季“山禁”、夏季“休渔”的命令, 目的同今天的相关法规完全一致。“春三月, 山林不登斧, 以成草木之长。夏三月, 川泽不入网罟, 以成鱼鳖之长。”生态平衡的理念相当清晰。

汲取传统文化的养分, 有助于生态文明建设。在当今社会急功近利的浮躁气氛中推进生态文明建设, 就更要弘扬优秀传统文化。

(选自2013年11月8日《文汇报》, 有删改)

15.依据文章内容, 概括我国化解能源危机的基本思路。 (6分)

答:______________________

16.从文中看, 在生态文明理念上, 西方现代工业文明与中国传统文化的区别表现在哪些方面? (6分)

答:______________________

17.从全文看, 我国推进生态文明建设应该从中国传统文化中汲取哪些智慧? (6分)

答:______________________

七、作文 (70分)

18.阅读下面的材料, 按照要求作文。

一位母亲带着三岁大的孩子从正在进行水管作业的工人们身边路过, 边走边告诉孩子:“多亏了叔叔们的辛苦劳动, 宝宝才能喝上甘甜的水哦。来跟叔叔们说声谢谢再走吧!”又有一位母亲带着自己的小孩子从同一个地方经过, 她这样对孩子说:“宝宝要是不学习, 长大就只能干这种活哦。”

要求:1角度自选;2立意自定;3题目自拟;4除诗歌外, 文体自选;5不少于800字。

语文Ⅱ (附加题)

一、阅读材料, 完成19~21题。 (10分)

19.用斜线“/”给下面文言文中的画线部分断句。 (限6处) (6分)

陛下忧劳万机, 或亲灯火, 而庶事不康, 刑禁日弛, 岂非股肱不称之明效欤?原其所由, 非独臣有不尽忠, 亦主有不能使。百里奚愚 于虞而智于 秦豫让苟 容中行而 著节智伯斯 则古人之 明验矣今 臣言一朝 皆不忠是诬 一朝也然 其事类可 推而得。陛下感帑藏之不充实, 而军事未息, 至乃断四时之赋衣, 薄御府之私谷, 帅由圣意, 举朝称明, 与闻政事密勿大臣, 宁有恳恳忧此者乎?

(节选自《三国志·魏志十六》)

20.写出“二十四史”的“前四史”中除《三国志》以外的其他三部。 (2分)

答:______________________

21.用原文中的词句概括辅佐大臣不称职的原因。不超过15个字。 (2分)

答:______________________

二、名著阅读题 (15分)

22.下列对有关名著的说明, 不正确的两项是 (5分)

A.《三国演义》中, 华雄英勇善战, 所向披靡, 连斩盟军鲍忠、祖茂、俞涉和潘凤等四员骁将, 并且将孙坚打得狼狈而逃, 十八路诸侯被挫尽锐气。而关羽勇武豪迈, 温酒即斩华雄。

B.《边城》的结局是天保和傩送相约唱歌求婚, 让翠翠选择, 天保一心想着成全弟弟傩送, 外出闯滩遇到意外而死;傩送因天保的死十分内疚, 便出走他乡, 翠翠一直等着他的归来。

C.《哈姆莱特》中, 在奥菲莉娅的葬礼上, 哈姆莱特和雷欧提斯相遇。雷欧提斯向杀父仇人哈姆莱特提出挑战, 并特意在剑上涂上毒药, 自己又置备毒酒, 坚决要置哈姆莱特于死地。

D.《子夜》中, 冯云卿施用“美人计”, 把唯一的女儿冯眉卿送给了赵伯韬。但冯眉卿并没有把父亲的重托放在心上, 为了应付父亲的追问, 信口胡诌, 最后使冯云卿落得个人财两空。

E.《飞鸟集》中, 泰戈尔借“生如夏花之绚烂, 死如秋叶之静美”这两句诗表达了自己的人生观:活着, 就要灿烂、奔放, 要活得有意义;面对死亡, 要静穆、恬然地让生命逝去。

23.简答题。 (10分)

(1) 《红楼梦》中, “机关算尽太聪明, 反算了卿卿性命”说的是哪个人物?请列举该人物两个“机关算尽”的情节。 (4分)

答:______________________

(2) 《茶馆》中, 社会各种恶势力是如何一步步把王利发的茶馆逼向破产深渊的? (6分)

答:______________________

三、材料概括分析题 (15分)

长篇小说的密度, 是指密集的事件、密集的人物、密集的思想。思想之潮汹涌澎湃, 裹挟着事件、人物, 排山倒海而来, 让人目不暇接, 不是那种用几句话就能说清的小说。

密集的事件当然不是事件的简单罗列, 当然不是流水账。海明威的“冰山理论”对这样的长篇小说同样适用。

密集的人物当然不是沙丁鱼罐头式的密集, 而是依然要个个鲜活、人人不同。一部好的长篇小说, 主要人物应该能够进入文学人物的画廊, 即便是次要人物, 也应该是有血有肉的活人, 而不是为了解决作家的叙述困难而拉来凑数的道具。

密集的思想, 是指多种思想的冲突和绞杀。如果一部小说只有所谓的善与高尚, 或者只有简单的、公式化的善恶对立, 那这部小说的价值就值得怀疑。那些具有哲学思维的小说, 大概都不是哲学家写的。好的长篇应该是“众声喧哗”, 应该是多义多解, 很多情况下应该与作家的主观意图背道而驰。

在善与恶之间, 美与丑之间, 爱与恨之间, 应该有一个模糊地带, 而这里也许正是小说家施展才华的广阔天地。

也可以说, 具有密度的长篇小说, 应该是可以被一代代人误读的小说。

这里的误读当然是针对作家的主观意图而言。文学的魅力, 就在于它能被误读。一部作家的主观意图和读者的读后感觉吻合了的小说, 可能是一本畅销书, 但不会是一部“伟大的小说”。

(选自莫言《捍卫长篇小说的尊严》)

24.在长篇小说中, 密集的事件、密集的人物、密集的思想各有什么特点? (4分)

答:______________________

25.“那些具有哲学思维的小说, 大概都不是哲学家写的”一句应如何理解? (5分)

答:______________________

26.从长篇小说思想的密度来看, “畅销书”与“伟大的小说”的区别在哪里? (6分)

答:______________________

【参考答案】

一、1.C (C均读fěi。A依次读yìn、ān、xīn、yīn。B依次读niàng、láng、liàng、láng。D依次读chái、jǐ、jī、jì)

2.D (A成分赘余, 删去“约”或“左右”。B搭配不当, 应将“成功”改为“完成”, 以与“任务”搭配。C成分残缺, 应在“人类非物质文化遗产”后面补上“列入”的宾语“名录”, 或将“列入”改为“列为”)

3.宜正不宜邪宜雅不宜俗宜高不宜低宜淳厚不宜寡薄

4. (1) (从电视台角度) 电视台台风“接地气”, 才更有生气。 (2) (从政府角度) 贴近群众要落实到行动上, 体现在细节中。

二、5.D (排:推倒)

6.D (A后一句不是表明“自全”, 而是恃才傲物。B前一句是间接描写。C前一句不是表明“浮虚”, 而是表明卓异)

7.B (王衍将太子的亲笔信藏起来不是为了保护太子, 而是为了使自己不受到牵连)

8. (1) 杨骏想把女儿嫁给他, 王衍以和他结亲为耻, 便装疯使自己躲过这桩婚事。 (得分点:1妻:嫁。2耻:意动用法, 以……为耻。3阳狂:装疯) (2) 中原已经乱了, 应当依赖地方长官, 应该选拔文武兼备的人来担任地方长官。 (得分点:1中国:中原。2方伯:地方长官。3兼资:同时具有两种资质) (3) 石勒很喜欢王衍, 与他谈了很长时间。〔得分点:1悦:喜欢。2省略句式:与 (之) 语移日。3移日:形容时间长〕

三、9. (1) “顾”字真切地表现了妻子对丈夫的关心和体贴, “泥”字生动地表现了丈夫对妻子的依恋和纠缠。这两个字写出了一对青年夫妻在贫困生活中亲密无间的真情。

(2) 前三联为追忆, 第四联转回到现实。表达了诗人无限的抱憾之情。

(3) 这首悼亡诗有如下两方面的突出特点:1语朴。语言浅显、质朴, 如话家常。2情真。“忆妻”情深意厚, “悼妻”极其凄苦。

四、10. (1) 夙兴夜寐 (2) 万钟则不辩礼义而受之 (3) 而御六气之辩 (4) 然后天梯石栈相钩连 (5) 唯见江心秋月白 (6) 燕然未勒归无计 (7) 舞榭歌台 (8) 不尽长江滚滚来

五、11.表现在:1做医生, 专治跌打损伤, 治疗方式特别;2做人代会代表, 认真参政、议政, 使三任镇长丢官。原因:1抓准要害;2心性率直;3一心为民。

12.内容上:表现了童神掌淡泊名利, 富有眼光。结构上:承上启下。“85岁这年”照应了第一段中的“年过八旬”“这是个奔百岁高寿处走的人”;“决意不再当人大代表了”照应了第六、七段中童神掌的参政、议政;“现在我们选了个好镇长……选好了人我也就放心了”引出下文对段镇长的刻画。

13.1正面描写童神掌疗伤的特别方式, 让人对童神掌治伤之“神”感到真实可信。2刻意点出“身正不怕颈子歪”, 一语双关, 既指“身子”站得要正, 更指“工作作风”行得要正, 言简意赅, 耐人寻味。3刻画出童神掌既深谋远虑, 又循循善诱的性格特征。

14.1有助于刻画童神掌这一形象的特征:既医术高明, 又乐善好施, 疾恶如仇, 使人物具有立体感。2有助于增强作品思想内涵的层次性:从治疗百姓的伤痛 (医术高明) 到整治政治肌体内的毒瘤 (政治成熟) , 不仅使“医”的内涵鲜明, 而且使作品的思想境界臻至一个新的高度。3有助于丰富作品的审美特质:行医治病使作品带上了神秘的传奇色彩, 惩治腐败、培育新人则使作品显现出强烈的现实感, 虚实结合, 饶有情趣。

六、15.标本兼治。在治本上, 要从儒、道、释等传统文化中汲取智慧。在治标上, 要依托互联网和可再生能源相结合的模式等。

16.对地位的认识不同:西方现代工业文明将人类视为自然万物的中心和主宰, 而中国传统文化认为人类与自然万物是平等的。对关系的认识不同:西方现代工业文明将自然界视为满足人类无限欲望的对象, 而中国传统文化认为人类应该敬畏自然, 尊重自然法则。

17.从理念上看, 人对自然要有敬畏、尊重之心。从认识上看, 人与自然要和谐相处。生态环境为人服务, 同时人也要尊重自然, 顺应自然, 节欲减耗。从实践上看, 对生态环境和自然资源要有效管理, 以平衡生态, 保护环境。

七、18.【写作指导】父母是孩子的第一任老师, 对孩子价值观的形成有着极其重要的影响, 对学校教育也有着增强或消解的作用。材料中第一位母亲向孩子灌输的是人与人之间需要相互扶持、对劳动心存感激的观念。这位母亲的眼光是长远的, 她育的是“心”。只有带上这样的“慧心”, 孩子才会向真、向善、向美, 感恩他人, 回报社会, 遇事为他人着想, 体恤他人, 进而生发出“念他人”“惠众生”的思想。第二位母亲向孩子灌输的是对职业的偏见以及以学历论高低的价值观。这位母亲的眼光是短浅的, 她育的是“智”, 带着这样的“功利之心”上路, 孩子的指导思想就会个人至上、利益至上, 遇事也只会以“我”为中心、一切从“我”出发, 进而生发出“少劳多获”, 甚至“不劳而获”的享乐主义思想。“父母之爱子, 则为之计深远。” (《战国策·触龙说赵太后》) 父母应该站在孩子终身发展的高度, 放眼长远, 向孩子传递正能量, 帮助孩子树立正确的价值观。只有这样, 才能让他们在漫长的人生之路上带着更高远的眼界、更阔大的胸怀阔步向前。

【附例文】

追求自我

陈葛恒

在我老家的村子里有一个十分出名的木匠, 他的手艺非常好, 几乎什么家具坏了他都能修好。他家世世代代虽然穷, 仍然认为只有读书才是唯一的出路。谁也没有想到, 在他家竟会出这么一个木匠。

木匠家里还有一个人, 就是他的父亲, 我们都叫他老爷爷。每当木匠修好别人送的坏家具得到夸奖时, 老爷爷都会叹息着说:“他呀, 只能当木匠。”我觉得很奇怪, 就去问老爷爷。他先是不肯说, 后来在我死缠烂打地追问下, 才告诉我其中的缘由。

原来, 木匠小时候就十分聪明, 什么东西一点就通。老爷爷见此十分高兴, 认为他是个读书的料。事实也印证了爷爷的看法, 木匠在小学时就出类拔萃, 成绩始终是名列前茅。而且木匠很少向家里要这要那, 他所有的玩具都是自己用小刀慢慢刻出来的。但渐渐地, 他把心思几乎都放在了木工手艺上, 学习也不那么用心了。后来, 木匠虽在老爷爷的教育下有所收敛, 但成绩再也没有从前那么好了。

考高中时, 木匠竟偷偷地报了技工学校。通知书送来的那一天, 木匠不在家, 老爷爷生气地看完那张通知书, 一狠心, 把它烧了。木匠回来后没有看到通知书, 也没说什么。后来, 在老爷爷的安排下他进了一所普通高中, 虽说这所高中教学水平相对较低, 但也是他家从未有过的荣耀。于是老爷爷请了村子里一大帮邻居来庆贺, 一直闹到很晚。邻居们走后, 老爷爷看木匠不在, 以为他已经睡了。可兴奋的老爷爷却无法入睡, 便爬起来在祖宗的牌位前来回踱着, 嘴里还嘟哝着“我家终于有人读出个样子来了”“以后我家门头有光了”之类的话。就在这时, 老爷爷无意间发现后院的灯还亮着, 于是便走过去, 定睛一看, 他才发现自己 的想法完全错了。

柔和的灯光下, 木匠正在做一张椅子, 框架已经做好, 只有靠背的花纹还在雕刻。爷爷愣住了, 他没想到自己儿子还有这么一手———那把做好的椅子, 真是鬼斧神工, 特别是靠背上刻的那条龙, 炯目虬须, 利爪神尾, 腾云驾雾, 几欲飞出。再看自己儿子, 他正得意地看着自己的作品, 脸上荡漾着无比幸福的笑容。看着这揪心的一幕, 老爷爷便决定了一件事……从此, 村里便多了一名木匠。

讲完后, 老爷爷抚摸着我的头说:“出人头地, 固然可以光宗耀祖;但夺其所爱, 只能让他痛苦一生。我实在不忍啊……”

【评析】本文的最大亮点在于情节的突转:从读书之路转向木工之路。一是亮在“合旨”。“读书之路”乃家庭所望, “木工之路”是个人所向, 这一“转”便使主旨立现。二是亮在“合情”。普天之下, 父母皆望子女幸福, “夺其所爱”, 让其“痛苦一生”, 父母“实在不忍”, 此乃人之常情。三是亮在“合理”。老爷爷的思想是极为保守的, 要促成其思想的突转, 需有强大的冲击力, 于是作者浓墨重彩, 将儿子“趣之至”“艺之精”“意之得”“心之乐”这四股力量汇成了理性的冲击波, 让老爷爷的思想自然而然地发生着转变;而这四股力量之间又形成了合乎发展逻辑的情节脉络。有此“三亮”, 方使情节的设计迸发出“既在意料之外, 又在情理之中”的张力。

【附文言文参考译文】

王衍字夷甫, 神态表情明净秀美, 风度姿态安详文雅。童年时曾拜访山涛, 山涛感叹了很久。王衍离开后, 山涛目送他说:“什么老妇人, 生了这样的孩子!然而耽误天下百姓的, 未必不是这个人。”王衍十四岁, 当时在京城, 拜访仆射羊祜, 陈述事件情状, 言辞十分清晰华丽。羊祜名望德行尊贵显赫, 而王衍年纪虽小却毫无屈从人下的神色, 众人都认为他与众不同。杨骏想把女儿嫁给他, 王衍以和他结亲为耻, 便装疯使自己躲过这桩婚事。武帝听说他的名声, 问王戎说:“在当世谁与王衍相当?”王戎说:“当世没有与他相当的人, 应该从古人中寻求这样的人。”

王衍既有高才美貌, 又明智颖悟如神, 常常自比子贡。王衍的女儿是愍怀太子的妃子, 太子被贾后诬陷, 王衍害怕惹来灾祸, 自己上表请求离婚。贾后被废黜后, 官吏弹劾王衍, 说:“太子被诬陷获罪, 王衍不能以死固守善道, 立即要求离婚。得到太子亲手写的信, 又藏着不拿出来。意在苟且避祸, 无忠直的节操。应该加以重罚, 以此激励人臣坚守节操。可以对他终身禁锢。”晋帝听从了他的意见。

王衍虽然身居宰辅的重要职位, 却不把治理国家放在心上, 只考虑保全自身的办法。他劝说东海王司马越说:“中原已经乱了, 应当依赖地方长官, 应该选拔文武兼备的人来担任地方长官。”王衍任命弟弟王澄为荆州刺史, 族弟王敦为青州刺史。他对王澄、王敦说:“荆州有江汉的险要地势, 青州有背靠大海的险峻地势, 你们二人在外, 而我留在这里, 足以算作狡兔三窟了。”有识之士都鄙视王衍。

司马越讨伐苟晞, 王衍以太尉的身份担任太傅军司。至司马越去世, 众人共同推举他为元帅。王衍因为贼寇纷起, 恐惧不敢担当。推辞说:“我年少时就没有做官的欲望, 随着选补官吏, 才到了今天的职位。今天这样重要的职位, 怎么能用不具备才能的人担任呢?”不久全军被石勒打败, 石勒召呼王公与王衍见面, 向王衍询问西晋溃败的原因。王衍向他陈述西晋遭遇灾祸和失败的缘由, 并说计策不是自己出的。石勒很喜欢王衍, 与他谈了很长时间。王衍说自己从年少时就不参与政事, 希望自己能免于处置, 还趁机劝石勒称帝。石勒大怒说:“你闻名天下, 位高任重, 年轻时就入朝为官, 直到满头白发, 怎么能说不参与政事呢?使国家破亡风俗败坏, 正是你的罪过。”石勒让左右之人将王衍扶出帐外。石勒对自己的同伙孔苌说:“我走过天下的地方也够多了, 却未曾见过这样的人, 应该不应该让他活命呢?”孔苌说:“他是晋朝位居三公的高官, 肯定不会替我们尽力, 又有什么值得珍惜的呢?”石勒说:“关键不能用刀杀他。”于是让人在夜里把墙推倒, 把他埋了。王衍临死前, 回头对人说:“唉!我们这些人虽然比不上古人, 假使不推崇浮华清谈, 合力匡正挽救天下, 还不至于到今天这步田地。”死时五十六岁。

【附加题】

一、19.百里奚愚于虞而智于秦/豫让苟容中行而著节智伯/斯则古人之明验矣/今臣言一朝皆不忠/是诬一朝也/然其事类/可推而得。

20.《史记》《汉书》《后汉书》。

21.臣有不尽忠, 亦主有不能使。

【附文言文参考译文】

陛下为处理国事忧虑辛苦, 有时还要亲自在灯下熬夜, 可是还有诸多事务处理得不稳妥, 刑罚禁令也日益松弛, 这难道不是辅佐大臣们不称职的明显证据吗?推究它的原因, 不仅大臣有不能尽力效忠的一面, 君主也有不能善于用人的一面。百里奚在虞国愚笨而在秦国变得聪慧, 豫让在范中行那里苟且偷安但在智伯那里却显露出他的气节, 这就是古人能否善于用人的明显证据了。现在我如果说满朝的大臣都不忠诚, 这是我在污蔑满朝的大臣;然而和它相似的事情, 可以通过推断而求得。陛下感到国库不充实, 而战事又未能停息, 以至于下令断绝四季衣饰的贡奉, 减少御府食用的粮食, 这都是陛下出于为万民做表率的圣意, 满朝大臣都称道陛下圣明。如果让大臣知道这些政事, 使他们勤勉努力, 陛下难道还需要忧虑这些事吗?

二、22.BC (B“哥哥天保一心想着成全弟弟傩送”有误, 天保是在知道自己没有任何希望后才做出成全傩送、外出闯滩的选择的。C置备毒酒的不是雷欧提斯, 而是克劳狄斯)

23. (1) 王熙凤。1毒设相思局害死贾瑞。2拿迟发的月钱去放高利贷给自己谋利。3得知贾琏偷娶尤二姐后大闹, 并设计羞辱尤二姐, 致使尤二姐吞金自尽。 (写出两点即可)

(2) 1国民党党棍创办的“三皇道”要砸他的茶馆。2特务们来勒索, 要他交出根本拿不出来的金条换老命。3流氓们开办新式妓院, 在当局怂恿下要霸占他的铺面。 (每点2分)

三、24.密集的事件:事件之间要有逻辑联系, 事件叙述要以少写多 (以简洁的文字和事件表现丰富的情感和思想) 。密集的人物:鲜活独特。密集的思想:复杂多义。

25.1具有哲学思维的小说, 表现的是各种不同思想冲突和绞杀的模糊地带, 而哲学家的哲学思维则要厘清一切模糊的思想。2哲学家写小说往往只注重哲学思维的表达, 而忽视人物形象的刻画, 主人公往往成为作者哲学思想的代言人。

26.从小说意旨来看, “畅销书”往往单义单解, 而“伟大的小说”往往多义多解。从作者与读者的关系来看, “畅销书”的作家的主观意图往往能与读者的读后感觉相吻合, 而“伟大的小说”的作家的主观意图往往与读者的读后感觉在很多情况下是背道而驰的。

8.三年级期中模拟试题 篇八

1．计量汽车的载重量，通常用()作单位。

2.计量北京到广州的公路长可以用()作单位。

3.口÷8=7○，要使口尽可能大,那么○里应填( )。

4.一个数除以5，商是9，余数是3，这个数是()。

5.一个正方形的周长是28厘米，它的边长是()厘米；一个正方形的边长是25厘米，它的周长是( )米。

6.12千米=( )米

61000千克=( )吨

7000N米=( )米

51米一16厘米=( )厘米

7.在括号里填上合适的单位名称。

(1)一个茄子重46( )

(2)一个苹果重90( )

(3)一辆货车载重量12()(4)一辆电动自行车每小时行驶36( )

8.一块长方形草坪长16米，宽12米，在草坪的四周铺—条石子路，石子路至少有()米。一位老奶奶每分钟走8米，走完这条石子路要()分钟。

9.369应该加上()才能得到一个最小的四位数。

10.用调换()位置再加一遍的方法，可以验算加法。

二、当回法官判是非(对的打“√”，错的打“×”。共12分)

1.教室的黑板长4分米。( )

2.两个周长相等的长方形，其形状一定相同。()

3.在有余数除法的计算中，余数不一定比除数小。

( )

4.52+7=7……3。

()

5.至少要4个相同的小正方形，才能拼出一个大正方形。

()

6.最小的四位数与最大的三位数相差。

()

三、快乐DO、Re、MI(把正确答案的序号填在括号里，共16分)

1.一根头发长80()。

A米

B分米

C厘米

2.2千克棉花和2千克石头相比，()重。

A棉花

B一样

C石头

3.长方形、正方形都是由()嗣成的平面图形。

A线段

B直线

C射线

4.右图中甲的周长与乙的周长相比，()。

A甲长

B乙长

C一样长

5.有67根棒棒冰，每袋装9根，最多可以装()袋。

A6

B8

C5

6.有一筐(50个，筐)梨子，最少需要加( )个，才能平均分给8个小朋友。

A6

B14

C无法确定

7.一只足球大约重( )。

A1吨

B11千克

C500克

8.把两张长是2分米，宽是1分米的长方形铁皮拼成一个正方形，这个正方形的周长是( )分米。

A6

B8

C12

四、神机妙算显身手(共26分)

1.直接写得数。(10分)

45+56

36+89 450-240

90-64

78-29

900-360

260+548 423+190

8×7+3.4-9-8

2.列竖式计算。(有※的要验算，8分)

※(1)698+739

※(2)602-575

(3)916-287

(4)5612-1768

3.列式计算。(8分)

(1)69里面最多可以连续减去几个87

(2)除数是6，商是7，余数是4，被除数是多少?

(3)564比1000少多少?

(4)比236多137的数是多少?

五、把下面每组数量按从小到大的顺序排列(共4分)

1.4吨4000克40000克40900千克400千克

2.230分米 2400厘米 25米 2千米 230米

六、问题由我来解决(共24分)

1.路亚的叔叔养了126只鹅、215只鸭，养的鸡比鹅和鸭的总数少46只。他养了几只鸡?

2.百灵超市搞促销活动，将4袋牛奶和3袋豆奶进行组合，做成礼盒销售。现有37袋牛奶和30袋豆奶，最多能包装成几个礼盒?

3.路亚把一个长方形纸片对折后得到一个正方形，这个正方形纸片的周长是36厘米，那么原长方形纸片的周长是多少厘米?

4.图1是路亚家所在小区的平面图。路亚每天早晨绕小区跑1圈，他每天跑多少米?

5.如图2，正方形被分成了4个相等的小长方形，每个小长方形的周长是30N米，这个正方形的周长是多少厘米?

6.光明小学全体同学收集废旧电池的数量见下表。

(1)一年级和二年级一共收集废旧电池多少节？

(2)四年级比三年级少收集多少节?