电子商务英文翻译（精选8篇）
1.电子商务英文翻译 篇一
basic information
name:
sex: female
date of birth :1987-09-11 nationality: chinese
account is located: current xian: xian
graduate institutions: the political landscape of xian institute of foreign affairs: member
highest level of education: post-secondary repair by a professional: e-commerce
personnel types: ordinary job graduation date :2010-07-01
job intentions
job type: full-time or part-time
position: promising
hope location: xian
wish to pay: negotiable
self-evaluation
i accept the strong, active thinking, with good communication skills, hot to get along with others, full of team spirit and like to participate in the activities of the organization. in the learning initiative, the courage to accept the opinions from all sides, not afraid of failure, can quickly sum up the lessons learned. the sale of a certain theoretical basis, there is a keen observation, clear thinking, able to do a cool look at and analyze problems, has a strong ambition. i personality: a mild, calm, self-confidence, self-discipline, do not boast. to do anything or not, or on efforts to complete the
practice experience
zhengzhou, china unicom in 2007 with the company over two months, that of the marketing and some of the elements of teamwork.
summer 2008 guy supermarket in zhengzhou done 40 days of goods legislation, and that day-to-day operations and the situation of supply of goods.
while studying at the school in 2009, made in china resources supermarket and other food promotions for some time
computer capacity
proficiency to ppt, excel, wordd and other office software and images produced photo shop. page three musketeers software
★ 英文简历--(电子商务)
★ 电子商务个人英文简历
★ 电子商务范文
★ 英文简历模板范文
★ 电子商务系个人简历
★ 电子商务软文范文
★ 电子商务简历
★ 电子商务方案
★ 电子商务策划书
★ 电子商务实验报告范文
2.电子商务英文翻译 篇二
At present,with sharply growth of domestic Internet users,China E-Commerce demonstrates accelerating development potential.Giants such as Sinopec,CNPC,Sinocherm,COFCO and China Minmetals has all introduced various E-Commerce,which effectively develops business,enhances efficiency of commercial activity generally,extends range of commercial activities,and reduces transaction cost[1].Nevertheless,when compared with other developed countries like the United States,the speed of development of Chinese E-commerce still lags behind them.Because of some problems existing in some aspects of E-comrmerce in China,such as privacy,security and so on.Consequently,in order to accelerate domestic development of E-commerce,we are responsible to analyze current domestic development situation in E-commerce and obviate those barriers hindering development.
Ⅱ.CURRENT DOMESTIC DEVELOPMENT SITUATION OF E-COMMERCE
Since 1998,government apparently strengthened the support for E-commerce.The demo project of e-cormmerce among businesses aiming at promoting national economy informatization was launched in 1998[2].E-commerce has started its concept-to-practice transformation in China since 1999.From original B2C model to C2C online auction in 1999 as well as B2B model emerged in 1999,e-commerce has.achieved sound development in China.NPC standing committee in April 2005 promulgated“China Electronic Signature Law”,establishing legal protection on E-commerce activities in China[2].
Platform service is the core of E-commerce service. It started early in whole E-commerce service.E-commerce platform represented by AlibabaB2B,Taobao.com has been the leader of the development in China's E-commerce market.After a decade of development,E-commerce platform service evolved from germination to maturity,and have made substantial progress in 2010.In the case of taobao.com,taobao.com is a typical representative of the Chinese E-commerce service.In 2010,the registered users at taobao.com reached 370 million,online commodity number achieved 800 million.Up to 60million people a day visit it.At the same time,on average,it sold 48000 commodities per minute.
By the end of 2010,online retail transactions on E-commerce platform service has accounted for 90%of online retail,accounting for more than 2.7%of the total retail sales of social consumer goods in China.If regarding E-commerce service as an ecosystem,the center of ecosystem is the third-party E-commerce platform,including AlibabaB2B,taobao.com,dangdang.com and so on.
Ⅲ.CURREN T DOMESTIC PROBLEMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF E-C:OMMERCE
A.Security Concerns
At present,in terms of the world,security is the primary issue which served as a blockade in the development of E-commerce.Security,as we have seen,relates to the ability of a company to protect its consumers online and prevent online fraud through security measures[3].Now,because of the openness of the network,phenomena like hackers attack all around,invasion of virus and online fraud occurred frequently.
B.Awareness of E-commerce
As E-commerce is a newly born thing,its operation mode is largely different from people's traditional shopping habits.Based on the"real world"of the traditional business model,the idea of traditional business mode is deeply ingrained in the public consciousness of commercial behavior.As a result,a majority of producers and business managers or consumers tend to adopt e-commerce skepticism,stand on the sidelines or even refused to participate.It may partly attribute to the poor public understanding of new technologies.On the other hand,credibility is another worry when in online transaction.
C.Human skills required for E-Commerce
It's not just about E-commerce,it's about redefining business models,reinventing business processes,changing corporate cultures,and raising relationships with customers and suppliers to unprecedented levels of intimacy[4].
However,this is another problem in the development of E-commerce that our country is facing.Definitely,an increasing number of domestic enterprises get used to current business models,reapply business processes again and again.After all,changes in these aspects sometimes mean high costs for investing and high risk for future development.Compared to changes,human's conservative minds often win the championship.Nevertheless,like Kodak,lacking of transformation from tradition to new development finally resulted in a failure.Maybe the temptation of high profits caused Kodak to do so.Whereas,short-term earnings are not enough to support the long-term development and life span of the company will also diminish.
As for corporate cultures and relationship with consumers and suppliers,interaction of intimacy is a common issue.If there is no intimacy in corporate cultures,we can not expect interaction of intimacy in its relationship with consumers and suppliers.In software,a friendly interface will bring lots of convenience to people.In return,more earnings will be brought in from them.But a certain number of domestic companies do not realize this,they insist on their own way regardless of consumers'demands and suppliers’ complaints.Naturally,without the foundations of consumers and support of suppliers,the company is destined to drop out of the market.
D.Legal Defects
At first,internal electronic business credit management system is not robust.Domestic information technology equipment is relatively backward and the level of informationization is low.Also,our country lacks of effective legal protection and rewards and punishment mechanism.China's existing laws and regulations fail to restrict some kinds of dishonest acts.In some of the E-commerce fraud cases,there still exists serious local protectionism.
E.Ethical issues
Manufacturers Competing with Intermediaries Online,"Disintermediation,"a means eliminating the intermediary such as retailers,wholesalers,outside sales reps by setting up a website to sell directly to customers.Disintermediation includes music being downloaded directly from producers,authors distributing their work from their own websites or through writer co-operatives[6].
Dinosaurs-"Dinosaurs is a term that refers to executives and col lege professors who refuse to recognize that technology has changed our lives.When an executive speaks in terms of the Internet being the"wave of the future,"it is a sure sign of"dinosaur"[6].
Ⅳ.RECOMMENDATIONS
A.Enhance the construction of rural information network
Farmers’information application ability will be improved though building various forms of information service platform and providing face-to-face information consultation service[5].
B.Education
Introduce a batch of high-quality,high-level professional talents who engage in network,computer and business management.Meanwhile,some relevant institutions or enterprises should help people who are insensible of E-commerce realize the benefits brought by the E-commerce through TV shows,newspapers or journals.
C.Inspire innovative talents
Companies should put more emphasis on the cultivation of i nnovative talents.Meanwhile,allocating resource properly is equally important.Because inspiring innovative talents not only involve cultivating,but also include flexible management of these talents.
With creative atmosphere pervading around the company,companies who refine their own technique frequently and always comp up with new approaches to the unresolved problem existing in E-commerce field would quickly occupy the whole market without any stress.
D.Spotting e-business trends and patterns
In order to create effective strategies,companies must be able to spot trends as soon as possible.Trend spotting requires entrepreneurs to learn to identify and to take advantage of the discontinuous change the future inevitably brings and the resulting unsettling shifts arriving on an uncertain schedule.This provides an entirely new landscape for entrepreneurs to navigate,and only the trend spotters can hope to conquer it.Accurately identifying trends helps business analyze and synthesize consumer behavior,eliminate uncertainty,and identify new opportunities.Trend spotting is not just for entrepreneurs looking to start new companies or for marketers attempting to sell old products in new packages.It is useful for identifying new business opportunities as well.The smart entrepreneur stands at the forefront of trends,such as wireless before they become mainstream[7].
V.CONCLUSIONS
Despite some barriers in the development of E-commerce,China E-Commerce market contains many potential opportunities.The development prospect of E-commerce in China is particularly broad.
China has been at the stage of new development of E-commerce and kept close pace with those highlydeveloped countries in E-commerce.Through the cooperation with many global enterprises,Chinese companies have made a substantial progress on the management and innovation.Some domestic companies began to step into the international arena and finished the transformation from traditional transaction to commercial modernization.
Accelerating new development of E-commerce in China is not a temporary process,it is an ongoing course.Therefore,we should make a long-term plan taking many factors into account before entering the next stage of E-commerce development.
摘要：最近这些年来,电子商务在中国迅猛发展。作为世界的第二大经济体,中国应该加快经济的发展。因此,旨在改善国内当前经济现状的经济发展举措变得愈加重要。然而,毋庸置疑,电子商务已经成为一种促进世界经济繁荣发展的有效方法。本文分析了当前中国电子商务的发展现状,考察了中国电子商务目前存在的问题,最后提出了一些关于如何加快新时代的中国电子商务发展的建议。
关键词：电子商务,发展现状,问题,建议
参考文献
[1]Alamusi,Current Development Situation of E-Commerce in China[J].Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce,10.
[2]Q.BAI,PKI and Its Applications in E-Commerce in China[J].Advances in Natural Science,2010,3(1),p.47.
[3]M.Mandi,Privacy and Security in e-commerce[J].Tr i te,2009,21(2),p.253.
[4]A.Raghunath,M D.Panga,Problem and Prospects of E-Commerce[J].
[5]Y.Hui,L.Cuixia,Research on Current Situation,Problems and Countermeasures of Agricultural E-Commerce Development in Heilongjiang,E-Commerce Letters(ECL),2012,p.18.
[6]A.Abbasi,E-commerce Development in Iran,Webology,vol.4,No.4,Seoul National University,2007,p.1.
3.商务英文合同的句式特点及翻译 篇三
[关键词] 合同法律文件复杂句翻译
我国与世界各国双边贸易日趋频繁，使得合同翻译成为一项必不可少的工作程序。合同是当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事法律关系的协议。因此，合同翻译至关重要，其内容直接影响合同双方的利益。如何做好合同法律文件的翻译，保证中方的利益不因合同文本的翻译而招致损失越发具有现实的意义。其中，由于合同的严肃，严谨，严密性，导致复合句的应用较多，而结构复杂的复合句的翻译恰是保证整体翻译效果和准确性的关键。
一、要翻译好结构复杂的复合句，首先要了解商务英文合同的句式特点
商务合同作为一种实用文体，在词汇使用方而具有与其他文体不同的特，如用词正式规范，大量使用商务术语、法律术语及其他具有法律语言特点的正式词语。因而商务合同的翻译要求译者具有一定的专业知识。在句式结构方面，商务合同也与其他文体迥异。商务合同英语常不以易于理解为目的，大量使用复合句。究其根源，还是源于商务合同英语的文体属性。作为法律文书，商务合同规定各方当事人的权利和义务，合同文字的表达必须完整、细致、严谨、明晰。而英语的复合句，可以包含多个从句。从句之间的关系可能包容、限定，也可能并列平行，因此，在合同中较多使用复合句能够将各方的权利和义务在有限的条款中完整明确地体现出来，确保合同句子结构的严谨性，以及文意的严密、细致。但是复合句中往往包含若干从句、修饰语等等，有时会显得臃肿、晦涩，无疑会增加理解英文合同的难度，与此同时也增加了合同翻译的难度。
二、要掌握商务英文合同复合句的翻译方法
商务合同中英文复合句的出现频率高，句子结构复杂，逻辑性强，无疑给译者增添了许多困难，但是，无论多长的句子，多么复杂的结构，它们都是由一些基本的成分组成的。只要弄清了合同原文的句法结构，找出整个句子的中心内容及各层意思，然后分析各层意思之间的逻辑关系，再按汉语的特点和表达方式组织译文就可以保证合同翻译的准确性。合同复合句的分析方法具体要遵循以下步骤：首先，译者要找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干结构，其次，要找出句子中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词，然后再分析从句和短句的功能，即：是否是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等，以及词、短语和从句之间的关系。最后，分析句子中是否有固定搭配，插入语等其他成分。
例１：
If a Party breaches any of the representations or warranties given by it in Articles 18.1 or repeated in 18.2, then in addition to any other remedies available to the other party under this contract or underApplicableLaws,itshallindemnifyandkeep indemnified the other Party and the company against any losses,damages,costs,expenses,liabilities and claims that such Party or the Company may suffer as a result of such breach.
分析：
第一步，拆分句子：
此长句可拆分为四个意义段，分别是
1)If a Party breaches …in Articles 18.1 or repeated in 18. 2
2)then in addition to …Applicable laws
3）it shall indemnify and …costs,expenses,liabilities and claims
4)that such Party or …as a result of suchbreach.
第二步，句子的结构分析：
1.句的主干結构是主语（It）+（情态动词+动词原形）（shall indemnify and keep indemnified…against）+宾语（the other Party and the Company）。
2.“if”引导的是条件从句，条件句的宾语部分跟随后置定语（given by it in Articles 18. 1 or repeated in 18. 2）。
3.“in addition to”引导的是增补成分，其核心词remedies也跟了后置定语（available to the otherPartyunderthiscontract orunderApplicablelaws）。
4.而“that”引导的则是后置定语修饰紧邻的五个名词。
5.固定结构“indemnify sb. Against …”使某人不受……
根据以上分析，以及汉语的行文习惯（条件在前.结果在后，以及定语在所修饰的核心词之前），以上条款可翻译为:如果一方违反任何其根据第18．1条或18．2条所做的陈述及担保或重述，则另一方除根据本合同或相关法律寻求任何可能的救济之外，违约方应当赔偿另一方或合营公司因此种违反而招致的任何损失、损害、费用、开支、责任或索赔。
在对长句进行分析的基础上，商务合同长句具体翻译方法又可细分为二种:即，顺序法、逆序法和分译法。
(1)顺序法。所谓顺序法就是按照原文的顺序组织译文。在商务合同中，当英语长句陈述的是一连串的动作并按发生的时间安排或逻辑关系排列时，此类长句与汉语的表达方式较一致，可按原文的顺序译出。
例2：
In the event that the Company's operations are reduced substantially from the scale of operation originally anticipated by the parties,or the Company experience substantial and continuing losses resulting in negative retained earnings not anticipated by the Parties in the agreed Business Plan, or in any other circumstance permitted under Applicable Laws or agreed by the Parties,the Parties may agree to reduce the registered capital of the Company on a pro rata basis.
上述句子的逻辑关系非常清楚，即：三个假设条件，一个结论，表达顺序与汉语一致。因此，可按照原文的语序进行翻译。参考译文:如果合营公司的经营规模比双方原来预期的规模有大幅度缩减，或合营公司持续遭受严重亏损，导致双方商定的业务计划中所未预期的盈余保留负数，或在任何相关法律允许或双方一致同意的情况下，双方可以协议按原有出资比例减资。
(2)逆序法。所谓逆序法就是逆着原文的顺序翻译。在商务合同中，有些英语长句的表达次序与汉语习惯不同，甚至语序完全相反。因此，根据汉语的习惯，译者必须从原文句子的后面译起。 由于译文句子的前后与原文句子的前后相比，有倒置现象，因此，逆序法又称为“倒置法”。
例3：
The Seller shall not be responsible for the delay of shipment or non-delivery of the goods due toForceMajeure,whichmightoccurduringtheprocess of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit。
这里原文的行文方式是把信息的重心放在句首，先表明卖方的免责事项（The Seller shall not be responsible for the delay of shipment or non-delivery of the goods)，接着再规定由于什么原因引起的不能交货或延迟交货才会免责( due to Force Majeure)。而对不可抗力又做了限定（which might occurduringtheprocessofmanufacturingorinthecourse of loading or transit）。而按照汉民族的思维习惯往往是先谈原因再讲结论。因此翻译时译者应采用逆序的方法将原文表示免责条件的“duetoForceMajeure,whichmight…ofloadingortransit” 移到句首。再者, 英语中的非限制性定语从句（即本句中的which might occur... of loading or transit）翻译成中文时要么仍翻译成定语放在所修饰的词之前，要么处理为别的成分。根据以上分析，原文可翻译为：凡在制造或装船运输过程中，因不可抗力致使卖方不能或推迟交货时，卖方不负责任。
(3)分译法。分译法就是将原文一个句子分成几个句子来翻译，或者将其中某个较长的修饰成分单独翻译成一句或几句。这是由于在商务合同中有些句子过长，又含有多层意思，而主句和从句或主句与修饰语之间的关系又不十分紧密，如果采用一个汉语句子对原文进行翻译，容易导致句义混乱，这种情况下，译者可以把长句中的从句或短语化为句子分开来翻译。这样做也符合汉语多用短句的习惯，同时也可以使句子意思表达得更清楚明了。
例4:
EitherPartymayterminate thecontract incase of failure on the part of the other Party to fulfill or perform any of its obligations hereunder and in the event that such failure remains unremediedsixty （60） days after the service of a written noticeas described in Article X below by the non-defaulting Party to the other Party specifying the failure in question andrequiring it to be remedied.
原文是商務合同中有关期限和终止的条款，按照先讲结论，即合同任一方具有的权利（Either Party may terminate the contract）然后再列举实施此权利的条件（in case of failure ... and in the eventthat ...）的顺序行文，而汉民族的行文习惯往往是先条件后结论，所以译文在整体上应采用逆序法。但，即：违约行为60天内未改正，60天是从无责任方书面通知送达之日算起，书面通知中无责任方已指出对方违约行为并要求其改正等等。如不对内容进行分解，则可能导致句义混乱。因此，翻译此句时应采用拆译法，以期将原文意思表述清楚。参考译文:如果一方未完成或未履行其在本合同项下的任何义务，而且未按照下述第Ｘ条规定在另一方向其送达书面通知，指出其违约行为并要求其予以改正后六十(60)天内，其仍未子以改正，另一方则可以终止本合同。
商务英文合同为了在有限的条款中完整、明确地表达合同各方的权利和义务，大量使用信息包涵量大的复杂长句，给译者造成一定困难。但不管遇到何种类型的长句，译者都可在对原句进行分析的基础上，根据汉语行文习惯，采用顺序法、逆序法，以及分译法或同时采用几种方法的方式，准确翻译原文。
参考文献:
[1]张新红等:商务英语翻译(英译汉)［M］.北京:高等教育出社，2003
[2]傅伟良:合同法律文件翻译谈[J].中国翻译，2002,(5)
[3]肖石枢:英汉法律术语的特点、词源及翻译[J].中国翻译，2001，(3）
4.电子商务专业英文求职简历 篇四
Name: yjbys
Gender: female
Age: 25,
Height: 165 cm
Marital status: single
Census register place: guangzhou
Contact address: guangzhou
OBJECTIVE
E-Business Correlation.Intelligent graduate ready to contribute my education and management skills in a position with a growing and dynamic firm.
EDUCATION
Bachelor of Management,WuHan University of Technology,June
Major:E-Business
Relevant Courses:International Marketing, Production Management, Customer Relationship Management, Supply Chain Management, Network Technology, Management Information System, Electronic Payment and Network Financial, Data Base, JSP, JAVA, J2EE, XML etc.
Minor:E-Marketing , Photoshop Web Design
EXPERIENCE
Sales Assistant, CENTALINA CHINA,guangzhou,7/07-8/07
Deal with relevant documents,show proprietors the way to visit the building and chat with them.
Pick up lots of knowledge about sales,improved personal spoken and communication abillities.
Sales Manager, UFIDA ERP Sand Table Contest,WuHan,12/07-1/08
In charge of market,product demand and price analysis,summarize the analytical results.
Try to unite and coordinate with teammates,enjoy sharing ideas with teammates and like to make some innovations.
Vocational Training,HUBEI BAIDU SERVICE CENTER,WuHan,9/19/08-9/21/08
Predominate the principle of Baidu price-competition-ranks,and know about how to use it to carry on E-marketing for company.
Learn about sale skills,know well about the attitudes and abillities of a successful saler.
Student Cadre,WHUT,9/05-7/08
Doing propaganda for class activities,making board newspapers,writing activities summary.
Encourage classmates to take an active part in activities and write some personal feelings.
PERSONAL SKILLS
MAJOR SKILLS:
IBM University Program completed subjects:DB2 Fundamentals&DB2 SQL Workshop.
IBM University Program completed subjects:HTML&XHTML,XML,CSS,JSP,JAVA,J2EE.
NCRE-II of language C,NCRE-III of network technology.
LANGUAGE SKILLS:
English:CET-4,good pronunciation,can make a simple conversation in English.
Cantonese: Know well about the pronunciation rules,can speak with facility.
IT SKILLS:
Good mastery in windows operating system and MS Office applications.
Know well about Photoshop, Dreamweaver and Frontpage application softwares.
Know well about Google and Baidu’s advertisement platform,and
trying to learn about SEO.
Strong knowledge in Internet applications,rich experience of Blog,BBS and Newsgroup.
QUALITY SKILLS:
Good physical constitution, can work under pressure and prefer to facing challenge.
Work conscientiously,have a stronger enterprising spirit, is good at linking up with the person.
5.电子商务专业个人英文简历 篇五
personal information
name: **
sex: male
birthdate: 23 june, 1980
e-mail:
position sought: to be an e-commerce representative in singapore
education:
1992- xian international high school
1998-xx university of international business and economics
major: international business
minor: e-commerce
educational highlights:
western economics 91 points
international marketing 88 points
international business management 90 points
foreign trade practice 93 points
international law of commerce 96 points
foreign trade correspondence 92 points
foreigh exchange 87 points
international payment modes 90 points
english for business communication 92 points
computer programming 90 points
an introduction to e-commerce 92 points
e-commerce practice 96 points
business-to-business transactions 91 points
honors:
won the first place in the national olym///picpetition in .
department scholarships for academic excellent each year from 1998 to xx.
english proficiency:
passed cet band six in .
passed bec in xx.
hobbies: playing the guitar and chitchatting on line.
6.电子商务专业的英文自我评价 篇六
2. I now only focus on the cosmetics business of electricity, the knowledge of the industry have a certain depth;
3. Work focus, strong compressive strength;
4. Pragmatic people, a strong sense of responsibility.
More than 5 years experience in e-commerce, more than 3 days to promote the operation of the cat store experience, more than 1 year network marketing experience; Familiar with the operation of day cat Mall, event planning, has a strong data analysis capabilities, for the product, the audience put forward an effective marketing program. For the promotion of traffic, conversion rate, customer unit price, repeat purchase rate, has a wealth of practical experience.
Taobao is also very familiar with a variety of promotional tools, such as through train, drill, natural search rankings. To ensure that roi circumstances, to enhance the effective flow of shops to enhance store sales. We have work experience in store and brand awareness of monthly sales volume over ten million, and did 2
7.电子商务英文翻译 篇七
(1) 从跨境电子商务英语词汇角度
跨境电子商务英语中的词汇主要包含专业术语、复合词、衍生词以及多义词等方面。首先, 在专业术语方面, 其侧重于描述特定主题短语词汇, 在汉语中往往可寻找到英语专业术语等价语。以Online direct marketing为例, 其等价语应为“网上直销”, 若直接译为“网上直接销售”, 则给消费者带来冗长、不专业等感觉, 因此, 在电子商务文本中可考虑以“直销”的翻译形式为主, 符合电子商务英专业、简洁等特征。再以Grouping purchasing为例, 可译为“团购”, 更能与语境贴合, 体现出一定的信、达、雅等特征。综合来看, 跨境电子商务英语中的专业术语本身具有一定的专业、简洁等特点, 且需满足信、达、雅的要求。 (陶欣, 2015)
从复合词特征看, 通常名词或形容词构成的可叫做复合词, 其在跨境电子商务英语中具有独有性、专业性等特征, 在表达原文含义的同时还可防止用词冗长。以upkeep为例, 其由up与keep构成, 被译为“保养, 维修”。若从该复合词内的两个单词进行分析, 前者侧重于描述“在……之上”, 后者用于表示“保持”, 从字面含义看意为“保持向上”, 而在跨境电子商务中, 可译为“维修”。 (孙悦、栾天, 2013)
从衍生词上看, 其主要指派生出的单词。由于跨境电子商务的发展起步较晚, 在实际翻译中很难寻找到极为合适的词汇, 这种情况下便需利用衍生词, 具体体现在前缀、后缀两方面。前缀衍生词在特征上主要表现为使用频率大、适用范围广等特征。以Counter- 为例, 其意为“对等, 替代, 副本”等, Counter-poise, Counter-foil, 具有“均衡, 存根”的含义。而在后缀衍生词方面, 如典型的handicraft, 其在跨境电子商务英语中意为“手工”。综合来看, 衍生词的实际运用具有创新、改造的特征, 但这种词汇的创新仅局限在“微调”方面。
另外, 多义词主要指具有多重含义的词汇。在跨境电子商务英语中, 由于消费者在社会背景、宗教背景等各方面都存在一定的差异, 很多情况下同一词汇会包含不同的含义, 要求合理区分使用。以break为例, 将其运用在不同语境下如Do not break the law.或There is nothing to break through. 前一句中该词的含义侧重于“违约”, 而后一句中强调“突破”。因此, 在跨境英语翻译中, 若出现理解失误或翻译错误, 都将令人啼笑皆非。 (肖隆园, 2013)
(2) 从跨境电子商务英语句式角度
跨境电子商务英语中的句式主要以固定句、复杂句以及修辞等为主。其中的固定句在特征上主要表现为利用固定的句型, 使消费者在辨识语言过程中更为容易。例如, Configuring the details of the customized products, including the ordering, final designed, is done online. 可译为“产品定制的细节包括下单、最终设计等环节, 可在线完成。”该翻译方式较为严谨, 同时与汉语语序相对应, 消费者在理解上较为容易。而在复杂句方面, 其主要指由多个从句或一个从句构成的语句, 在特点上主要表现为句式结构标准、内容严谨等, 是跨境电子商务英语中常用的句式。另外, 在修辞句式方面, 其也是跨境电子商务英语中的一种句式形式, 该类句式往往体现出一定的生动活泼特征, 将更多如夸张、押韵或拟人等方式引入其中。例如, Send melan into sleep. 其通过拟人方式译为“让黑色素沉睡”, 以此达到刺激消费者购买欲望的目标。
2跨境电子商务英语的翻译策略
(1) 跨境电子商务英语翻译的基本要求
电子商务作为现代互联网的重要交易方式, 在翻译中保持专业性的同时, 应注意与一般性合同翻译、文书翻译进行区别, 将更多专业性术语引入其中, 且译文能够准确、通顺。同时, 对于多义词等词汇, 在翻译中应注重便于消费者理解, 并避免出现误解。最后, 电子商务活动本身以产品的推销、顾客的吸引为最终目标, 所以在实际翻译过程中对于来自不同国家的消费者, 应分其社会背景、知识程度等, 确保准确无误的基础上, 使译文朗朗上口。
(2) 跨境电子商务英语翻译的主要过程
跨境电子商务英语翻译的基本步骤有:①浏览原文, 分析其中涉及到的社会领域用词风格;②对电子商务平台中的相关英语进行查阅或直接翻阅在线词典以寻找相应的翻译答案;③在完成文章初译后需进行检查, 判断其中是否存在错误;④修改与总结。事实上, 在实际的跨境电子商务英语翻译中, 为节约时间, 大多翻译者可能省略其中较多部分, 但整个翻译过程仍可归纳为原文理解、汉语表达以及译文校对等方面。
(3) 跨境电子商务英语翻译的相关策略
跨境电子商务英语翻译中, 可采取的策略主要有词语翻译、句子翻译以及篇章翻译等。首先, 在词语翻译方面, 常用的策略主要表现在省略、增词与词义的选择上。其中的省略策略可选择对连词、副词以及代词等进行省略, 如在代词省略上, 以The manufactured products should be sampled to check the quality before they are shipped.一般翻译为“在发货前需检查产品, 保证产品质量”。而采取代词省略的方式, 可直接表示为“产品在发货前应进行检查”。这种方式既可将原文中的基本信息展现出来, 而且符合跨境电子商务英语的简洁特征, 有利于商业公司网站页面信息的有效展示。
其次, 在语句翻译方面, 跨境电子商务英语翻译可采取的策略主要体现在倒装句与被动句两方面。其中在翻译倒装句过程中, 要求做好词序调整工作, 其与一般性的英语倒装句翻译较为相似, 如状语倒装、定语倒装等。另外, 对于被动句翻译, 从跨境电子商务英语中可发现, 倒装句所占比例极高, 其原因在于英语强调语言的形式, 需通过被动语态描述被动的含义, 相比之下汉语在主动句应用上较为频繁。例如, Also known as build-to-order, customization can be done on a large scale, in which case it is called mass customization. 从该句可发现, 其中的被动句体现在customization also known as build-to-order. 若按字面进行分析, 将是“定制可叫做按单生产”。这种翻译方法与中文语序完全背离, 所以需将其译为“定制也称按单生产”。而句中的it is called mass customization.需译为“亦称大批量制定”。因此, 实际翻译过程中主要需注意区别两个问题, 包括如何将英语被动句翻译为汉语被动句, 以及如何用汉语主动句表达英语被动句。
最后, 在篇章翻译方面。跨境电子商务英语中的篇章翻译是译者面临的主要难题, 需在遵守行文规范的同时, 保持一定的理解能力与逻辑能力, 确保对原文整体框架结构有所掌握。实际翻译中主要应遵循篇章连贯性、逻辑性两方面原则。如其中的连贯性, 由于英汉互译过程中, 英汉语言结构所体现的逻辑层次以及衔接模式等极为不同, 所以需采取重组形式, 常用衔接手段主要体现在连接、省略以及替代等方面。而在连贯性上, 主要需考虑不同文化下的消费者思维模式, 如中国人侧重因果顺排的形式, 但英美在语言逻辑表达上青睐于因果倒排, 所以在翻译中应严格遵循语篇逻辑性要求。
3结论
跨境电子商务的发展是现代世界各国利用互联网进行贸易往来的重要手段。然而其中涉及的商务英语翻译也是困扰大多数译者的难题, 要求在翻译过程中正确认识跨境电子商务的基本内涵, 分析其商务英语的主要语言特征, 在此基础上采用相关的翻译策略, 以此达到电子商务交易的目标。
参考文献
[1]费薇.英语电子商务文本的特点与翻译[D].上海师范大学, 2014.
[2]孙悦, 栾天.商务英语翻译中存在的问题与措施[J].东方企业文化, 2013:248.
[3]陶欣.商务英语合同长句汉译研究[D].山西师范大学, 2015.
8.电子商务英文翻译 篇八
【关键词】国际 英语 商务 翻译 功能
一、功能翻译理论的定义及意义
功能翻译理论是由德国学者在上世纪70年代左右提出的，它来源于行为理论，理论认为翻译是一种目的性的行为，翻译这项活动是对语言文本进行一种不改变目标文本本身的意义的形式改变，是为了使相互之间交流更加顺畅而进行的一种活动。功能翻译理论的原则是目的原则，所有不同形式的翻译策略最终都是为目的而服务。商务英语是一种目的功能明确的英语变大，商务贸易中的文件大都属于信息型文本，它们的主要功能都是为了传达和交流文本信息，功能翻译理论的应用正好可以避免商务英语翻译中的盲区，更好更准确的传达文本内容。
近年来，随着国际间贸易往来的不断加强，有越来越多的中国商品开始走出国门，走向世界，所以，商务英语的应用也越来越广泛，而传统的翻译理论已经无法满足商务英语的实践应用，基于功能翻译理论的商务英语翻译的出现正好填补了这一空缺，为商务英语的翻译提供了理论支持，功能翻译这一理论的提出直至今日，已经慢慢发展成为一种体系完善的理论，为商务英语的翻译策略开辟了更广阔的路径，在翻译的实践应用中越来越起到举足轻重的作用，有着很明显的现实意义和发展意义。
二、目前我国商务英语翻译的主要特点
1.词汇。商务英语词汇冗长而繁多，单词长，数量多，本身相较英语本身更加枯燥无味，在教学中造成了极大的困难，也很大程度上影响了学生的学习兴趣。我国有关商务英语方面的专业英语词汇大概有2000～3000，这样的硬标准要求我们必须清楚商务英语的词汇特征，然后探索出这些专业词汇的学习方法。
商务英语词汇最大最明显的特征就是专业性。商务英语中的词汇大多是客户与供应商间的对话，物品名称，大部分学生只是为了应付考试而死记硬背，一些生僻的词汇可能在他们考试结束以后就会忘的一干二净。另外，由于这些商务英语词汇大多是从外来语言中引进然后合成，所以本身就会有很大的记忆难度，这对学生来说更是极大的打击了他们学习的积极性。
2.语法。商务英语在语法结构上的主要特点有：（1）大量使用名词化结构，因为商务上的英语文体要求表达简洁，内容客观，强调存在的事实，就必须大量使用名词化结构和一些名词短语。（2）经常使用同位语从句，商务英语中经常使用长句和同位语从句是为了在论证中起到连接和强调信息的作用。（3）频繁使用英语缩略词。因为商务英语词汇大都比较长，还比较难记，而医学上的英语表达要求简洁，所以就会经常使用英语缩略词，这样可以简化句型，从而增大信息密度。四，被动语态的使用，这是为了强调动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象，因为商务英语中更偏重于事实，客观，准确，被动语态可以很好的表达这一特点。
3.目的性。我国目前商务英语翻译中的目的性不强，在翻译中没有很好的体现出目标文本本身所表达的意思，很容易就会造成翻译不准确，甚至是错误翻译，这都是传统翻译策略的弊端，而商务英语恰恰需要突出的就是目的性，恰恰需要强调的就是行为动作的发起者和承受者。在商务英语翻译实践中，基于目的性原则对文本多元信息进行有选择的翻译可以有效提高翻译质量，达到想要的翻译效果。
三、如何提高基于功能翻译理论的商务英语翻译教学质量
1.多模拟实际情景进行教学。现在很多院校的学生只在课堂时间有机会接触商务英语，其他时间并不能涉及。语言的学习离不开环境，要想真正提高学生的商务英语学习能力，学校必须为学生创造商务英语学习情境，让学生可以有一个练习的机会，学校可定期组织商务英语模拟试验，强制性让学生进入商务英语的学习环境，将自己所学的商务英语说出来，并具体应用，进一步提高他们对商务英语的理解能力，他们才能更快更好地进步。情景教学模式，可以让学生切身体会到商务英语翻译在工作中的应用，鼓励他们将理论与实际结合，多多练习，成为一个创新型实用型翻译人才。
2.加强教学改革，突出特色。商务英语翻译有着很强的专业性，所以必须要有不同于其他专业教学的教学方法来实现，实际教学中要勇于创新，根据不同学生的特点因材施教，学生还学习中还是要以练习为主，教师要加强教学改革，多发挥功能翻译理论对商务英语翻译的指导作用，实现商务英语翻译所遵循的准确性、专业性和规范统一性原则。
四、小结
功能翻译理论与商务英语的翻译关系密切，理论所体现的目的性原则与商务英语翻译不谋而合，能够使商务英语翻译完成的更加准确和流畅，本文就我国目前商务英语翻译的教学特点和改进措施进行阐述，希望能对同行和社会学者带来一些帮助。
参考文献：
[1]唐淼.功能翻译理论视角下的商务英语翻译研究[J].科教文汇，2014（10）.