奥巴马竞选演讲全文

2024-08-27

奥巴马竞选演讲全文(通用7篇)

1.奥巴马竞选演讲全文 篇一

美国大选奥巴马演讲全文:我们需要的变革(中英对照)

奥巴马:我们需要的变革 obama: the change we need 现在是美国历史的关键时刻。我们面临着大萧条以来最为严重的一场经济危机:今年以来已经有76万人失业;企业和家庭无法获得信贷;房价不断下滑,养老金日益缩水;工资降到了十年来的最低水平,同时医疗和教育成本却涨到了有史以来的最高点。this is a defining moment in our history.we face the worst economic crisis since the great depression--760,000 workers have lost their jobs this year.businesses and families can’t get credit.home values are falling, and pensions are disappearing.wages are lower than they’ve been in a decade, at a time when the costs of health care and college have never been higher.在眼下这样的危急时刻,我们承受不起又一个四年的支出增长、千疮百孔的减税措施、或是监管全无──即使是美国联邦储备委员会(fed)前主席格林斯潘(alan greenspan)现在也承认那是个错误。美国需要一个新的方向。这也正是我竞选美国总统的原因所在。

at a moment like this, we can’t afford four more years of spending increases, poorly designed tax cuts, or the complete lack of regulatory oversight that even former federal reserve chairman alan greenspan now believes was a mistake.america needs a new direction.that’s why i’m running for president of the united states.明天,也就是周二,你们将有能力赋予这个国家我们所需要的变革。tomorrow, you can give this country the change we need.我的竞选对手麦凯恩参议员为美国作出的贡献令人尊敬。他甚至可以指出他过去曾有几次与自己的党派分道扬镳。然而,在过去八年中,他十之八九都赞同布什总统的主张。而在经济问题上,他仍然无法向美国民众说明,他与布什的做法会有什么太大区别。

my opponent, senator mccain, has served his country honorably.he can even point to a few moments in the past where he has broken from his party.but over the past eight years, he’s voted with president bush 90% of the time.and when it comes to the economy, he still can’t tell the american people one major thing he’d do differently from george bush.如果提出的税收计划没有让1亿多美国中产阶级获得一分钱的税项减免,这不是变革──即使是《国家评论》(national review)杂志和其他保守派组织也抱怨说,这个计划对造福中产阶级贡献寥寥。在近年来不断累积的财政赤字上再添5万亿美元,这不是变革。如果解决房市危机的计划又将另外3,000亿美元纳税人的钱置于风险之中,这不是变革──《华尔街日报》编辑委员会称这一计划“产生的问题比解决的问题多”。

it’s not change to come up with a tax plan that doesn’t give a penny of relief to more than 100 million middle-class americans--a plan that even the national review and other conservative organizations complain does far too little to benefit the middle class.it’s not change to add more than $5 trillion to the deficits we’ve run up in recent years.it’s not change to come up with a plan to address our housing crisis that puts another $300 billion of taxpayer money at risk--a plan that the editorial board of this newspaper said ’raises more questions than it answers.’ 如果说我们从此次经济危机中学到了什么的话,那就是我们要患难与共。从首席执行长到公司股东,从金融家到工厂工人,我们每个人都休戚相关,因为美国的民众越富足,美国才会越繁荣。

if there’s one thing we’ve learned from this economic crisis, it’s that we are all in this together.from ceos to shareholders, from financiers to factory workers, we all have a stake in each other’s success BECause the more americans prosper, the more america prospers.这就是为什么我们有些企业巨头把提高员工薪酬作为自己的一项使命,让员工能买得起自己生产的产品,比如巴菲特(warren buffett)这样的商界人士。我对能有他的支持感到自豪。这就是为什么美国经济不仅是世界上最伟大的财富创造者,也是世界上最伟大的就业机会制造者。它一直托举着有史以来规模最大的中产阶级之舟。

that’s why we’ve had titans of industry who’ve made it their mission to pay well enough that their employees could afford the products they made--businessmen like warren buffett, whose support i’m proud to have.that’s why our economy hasn’t just been the world’s greatest wealth creator--it’s been the world’s greatest job generator.it’s been the tide that has lifted the boats of the largest middle class in history.为了重塑美国中产阶级,我将给予95%的工人及其家庭税收减免待遇。如果你工作,就交税;如果年收入不足20万美元,你会获得减税;即使你的年收入超过了25万美元,你所负担的税率也比上世纪九十年代要低──资本利得税和股息税要比里根总统时期低三分之一。

to rebuild that middle class, i’ll give a tax break to 95% of workers and their families.if you work, pay taxes, and make less than $200,000, you’ll get a tax cut.if you make more than $250,000, you’ll still pay taxes at a lower rate than in the 1990s--and capital gains and dividend taxes one-third lower than they were under president reagan.通过重建日益破败的基础设施、在美国的各个角落接通宽带,我们将创造200万个就业岗位。未来的十年中,我将每年在可再生能源领域投资150亿美元,进而新增500万个岗位;这些工作环保、薪酬丰厚、不能外包,而且能帮助我们摆脱对中东石油的依赖。

we’ll create two million new jobs by rebuilding our crumbling infrastructure and laying broadband lines that reach every corner of the country.i’ll invest $15 billion a year over the next decade in renewable energy, creating five million new, green jobs that pay well, can’t be outsourced, and can help end our dependence on middle east oil.在医疗问题上,我们不必在政府运营的体系和目前这种我们难以负担的体系之间进行选择。我的竞选对手提出的方案会令美国人有史以来首次为自己获得的医疗福利纳税。我的计划则会让医疗保健成为每个美国人都负担得起、享受得到的服务。根据我的计划,如果你已经有了医疗保险,你将看到的唯一一个变化是保费降低;如果你还没有医疗保险,你将能与国会议员们享受到同样的医疗福利。when it comes to health care, we don’t have to choose between a government-run system and the unaffordable one we have now.my opponent’s plan would make you pay taxes on your health-care benefits for the first time in history.my plan will make health care affordable and accessible for every american.if you already have health insurance, the only change you’ll see under my plan is lower premiums.if you don’t, you’ll be able to get the same kind of plan that members of congress get for themselves.为了让每个孩子享受到世界级的教育,让他们能在全球经济中竞争21世纪的工作岗位,我将投资早期教育,并且增加师资力量。不过,我同时也会要求更高的标准和更多的责任。我们向每个美国年轻人作出承诺:如果你致力于服务你的社区或是你的国家,我们将确保你能负担得起自己的学费。

to give every child a world-class education so they can compete in this global economy for the jobs of the 21st century, i’ll invest in early childhood education and recruit an army of new teachers.but i’ll also demand higher standards and more accountability.and we’ll make a deal with every young american: if you commit to serving your community or your country, we will make sure you can afford your tuition.在国防安全问题上,我将负责任地结束伊拉克战争,这样我们就不必在这个国家享有巨额财政盈余的情况下每月却要在那里花费100亿美元。为了美国的经济、美国的军队和伊拉克的长期稳定,现在是伊拉克人站出来的时候了。我将最终完成对本·拉登(bin laden)和基地组织恐怖分子的打击,正是这些人制造了9/11恐怖袭击,同时我还会建立新的合作关系、击退21世纪出现的威胁,恢复我们的道德威望,让美国仍然是地球上最后也是最好的希望。

and when it comes to keeping this country safe, i’ll end the iraq war responsibly so we stop spending $10 billion a month in iraq while it sits on a huge surplus.for the sake of our economy, our military and the long-term stability of iraq, it’s time for the iraqis to step up.i’ll finally finish the fight against bin laden and the al qaeda terrorists who attacked us on 9/11, build new partnerships to defeat the threats of the 21st century, and restore our moral standing so that america remains the last, best hope of earth.这些事情没有一件是轻而易举能办到的,也不是一朝一夕能完成的。但是,我坚信我们能成功,因为我对美国深信不疑。是美国使我们的父辈相信,即使他们自己无法上大学,也可以每周积攒下一些钱来,让他们的孩子接受好的教育;即使他们不能拥有自己的企业,也可以通过努力工作让自己的孩子创办企业。在美国历史的每个时刻,我们都勇敢地站起来面对挑战,因为我们从来没有忘记过这样一个基本真理:在美国,我们的命运并非天定,而是掌握在我们自己的手中。none of this will be easy.it won’t happen overnight.but i believe we can do this because i believe in america.this is the country that allowed our parents and grandparents to believe that even if they couldn’t go to college, they could save a little bit each week so their child could;that even if they couldn’t have their own business, they could work hard enough so their child could open one of their own.and at every moment in our history, we’ve risen to meet our challenges because we’ve never forgotten the fundamental truth that in america, our destiny is not written for us, but by us.所以,明天,我恳请你们书写美国下一个伟大的篇章。我恳请你们不只相信我带来变革的能力,还有你们自己的能力。明天,你们可以选择这样一种政策──向美国中产阶级进行投入、创造新的就业岗位、实现经济增长让人人都有成功的机会。你们可以选择希望而非恐惧、选择团结而非分裂、选择变革的希望而非墨守成规。如果你们投我的票,我们将不仅赢得此次竞选,还将一起改变这个国家、改变这个世界。

so tomorrow, i ask you to write our nation’s next great chapter.i ask you to believe--not just in my ability to bring about change, but in yours.tomorrow, you can choose policies that invest in our middle class, create new jobs, and grow this economy so that everyone has a chance to succeed.you can choose hope over fear, unity over division, the promise of change over the power of the status quo.if you give me your vote, we won’t just win this election--together, we will change this country and change the world.

2.奥巴马竞选演讲全文 篇二

评价理论是人际意义的重要组成部分,旨在探究描述如何运用语言评价解释和编排原文中的人际关系和人际地位,主要关注用于协调社会关系的语言资源和态度的表达。

政治演讲是演讲者针对目前的政治情况,阐明自己的立场、观点和政策而发表的演讲。它以口述的书面语的形式,运用显性或隐含的评价手段反映演讲者对语篇所传达的话语信息的价值判断。这些价值判断及其体现手段就构成了演讲语篇的评价资源,而评价资源又反映了演说者的立场、观点和态度。

二、评价理论

评价理论是Martin在韩礼德系统功能语言学基础上提出的理论,是在语篇语义学层面表达人际意义的三个系统之一。该理论包括态度(attitude)、介入(engagement)以及级差(graduation)三大系统。态度系统是指人们参照情感反应或文化制约下的价值体系对参与者和过程进行主体间性评价的意义资源。介入系统关涉到言语进行人际或概念意义的协商方式,而级差系统则指态度的强弱。

三、奥巴马竞选演讲的人际语篇分析

1.态度系统。态度系统是三大系统中最重要的内容。其中的情感是指对事物的情感反应的表达。评判是根据一系列制度化的规范对人们的行为作出评价的意义资源,它分为社会许可和社会尊严。鉴赏则是对事物,产品的评价。其包括反应、组成和评估三大子范畴。

(1)情感。竞选演讲是极具说服力和表达自己内心情感的政治演讲。它需要演讲者通过丰富的感情表达来拉近与国民的距离,引起与群众的共鸣。在奥巴马第二次竞选成功的演讲中,有很多表达奥巴马情感的例子。如:Tonight,in this election,you,the American people,reminded us that while our road has been hard,while our journey has been long,we have picked ourselves up,we have fought our way back,and we know in our hearts that for the United States of America,the best is yet to come.这一段则表达了奥巴马对国家美好未来积极乐观的情感态度。道路虽然艰辛,但前途是光明的,奥巴马有信心带领人们去创造美好的未来。起到了鼓舞人心的作用。

(2)评判。判断系统是对人的道德伦理和行为的评价,它对应伦理语义范畴。可分为社会尊严(social esteem)和社会许可(social sanction)。社会尊严是对一个人社会尊严的评判。社会许可牵涉某些规定或规则。在奥巴马的就职演讲中有众多牵涉此方面的句子。如:America’s never been about what can be done for us;it’s about what can be done by us together,through the hard and frustrating but necessary work of self government.该例子当中“can”一词为社会能力的积极评判,告诉国民政府就是为国民做事的。它表达了虽然可能困难重重,奥巴马有能力也有信心为国民做好一切。

(3)鉴别。别是评价产品和过程的系统。在奥巴马的竞选成功后的演讲中,正面的鉴赏一般涉及对国家所拥有的一切的赞美和对美好未来的憧憬,而负面的鉴赏一般是当前国家所面临的种种困难。如:We want to pass on a country that’s safe and respected and admired around the world,a nation that is defended by the strongest military on earth and the best troops this……本段话中的“strongest”“best”等都是对美国现在拥有强有力军事和军队的赞誉。同时也给予了民众极大的自信。

2.介入系统。介入资源的目的是说明信息的来源和说话者对所说信息的确定程度和愿意承担多大的责任。该系统分为自言和借言。言辞来源于说话者本身的为自言,而具有多声性、对话性的称为借言。借言又分为缩约和扩展。

3.级差。级差来源于态度和介入的强弱。该系统包括语势和聚焦,表现为语势的增强/上扬或减弱/下降以及聚焦的明显或模糊实现。一般说来,在政治演讲中,语势资源的分布要广于聚焦资源的分布。而在语势资源中,语势的增强多于语势的减弱,以此,演讲者来表明自己的立场,树立自己的权威,增强了情感的表达,同时也增强了演讲的说服力。

本文是奥巴马竞选成功后发表的演讲,所以感情的表达一定是淋漓尽致的。同时作为一次政治演讲,强烈的感召力也是必不可少的。奥巴马旨在表明自己的观点,争取民心。文章运用了大量的强调词,表达了奥巴马对自己国家和人民的感情以及自己坚定的政治立场。

四、结语

本文从评价理论的态度,介入,级差三个方面对2012年奥巴马竞选成功后的演讲进行了语篇的分析,从而揭示了政治演讲的特征和其独特的魅力。从评价理论看:优秀的演讲的态度资源非常丰富,表现出丰富的情感,引起与群众的共鸣。通过分析奥巴马的演讲,本次研究将会给相关学者在研究评价理论方面一定的启示,但本文亦有不足之处,如缺乏一定的数据支持,需要进一步讨论和改正。

参考文献

[1]常晨光.评价意义的韵律性分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2008,(3).

[2]房红梅.论评价理论对系统功能语言学的发展[J].现代外语,2014,(3).

3.奥巴马竞选演讲全文 篇三

【关键词】竞选演讲 评价理论 态度 介入 级差

一、引言

评价理论是人际意义的重要组成部分,旨在探究描述如何运用语言评价解释和编排原文中的人际关系和人际地位,主要关注用于协调社会关系的语言资源和态度的表达。

政治演讲是演讲者针对目前的政治情况,阐明自己的立场、观点和政策而发表的演讲。它以口述的书面语的形式,运用显性或隐含的评价手段反映演讲者对语篇所传达的话语信息的价值判断。这些价值判断及其体现手段就构成了演讲语篇的评价资源,而评价资源又反映了演说者的立场、观点和态度。

二、评价理论

评价理论是Martin 在韩礼德系统功能语言学基础上提出的理论,是在语篇语义学层面表达人际意义的三个系统之一。该理论包括态度(attitude)、介入(engagement)以及级差(graduation)三大系统。态度系统是指人们参照情感反应或文化制约下的价值体系对参与者和过程进行主体间性评价的意义资源。介入系统关涉到言语进行人际或概念意义的协商方式,而级差系统则指态度的强弱。

三、奥巴马竞选演讲的人际语篇分析

1.态度系统。态度系统是三大系统中最重要的内容。其中的情感是指对事物的情感反应的表达。评判是根据一系列制度化的规范对人们的行为作出评价的意义资源,它分为社会许可和社会尊严。鉴赏则是对事物,产品的评价。其包括反应、组成和评估三大子范畴。

(1)情感。竞选演讲是极具说服力和表达自己内心情感的政治演讲。它需要演讲者通过丰富的感情表达来拉近与国民的距离,引起与群众的共鸣。在奥巴马第二次竞选成功的演讲中,有很多表达奥巴马情感的例子。如:Tonight, in this election, you, the American people, reminded us that while our road has been hard, while our journey has been long, we have picked ourselves up, we have fought our way back, and we know in our hearts that for the United States of America, the best is yet to come.这一段则表达了奥巴马对国家美好未来积极乐观的情感态度。道路虽然艰辛,但前途是光明的,奥巴马有信心带领人们去创造美好的未来。起到了鼓舞人心的作用。

(2)评判。判断系统是对人的道德伦理和行为的评价,它对应伦理语义范畴。可分为社会尊严(social esteem)和社会许可(social sanction)。社会尊严是对一个人社会尊严的评判。社会许可牵涉某些规定或规则。在奥巴马的就职演讲中有众多牵涉此方面的句子。如:Americas never been about what can be done for us; its about what can be done by us together, through the hard and frustrating but necessary work of self government.该例子当中“can”一词为社会能力的积极评判,告诉国民政府就是为国民做事的。它表达了虽然可能困难重重,奥巴马有能力也有信心为国民做好一切。

(3)鉴别。别是评价产品和过程的系统。在奥巴马的竞选成功后的演讲中,正面的鉴赏一般涉及对国家所拥有的一切的赞美和对美好未来的憧憬,而负面的鉴赏一般是当前国家所面临的种种困难。如:We want to pass on a country thats safe and respected and admired around the world, a nation that is defended by the strongest military on earth and the best troops this…… 本段话中的“strongest”“best”等都是对美国现在拥有强有力军事和军队的赞誉。同时也给予了民众极大的自信。

2.介入系统。介入资源的目的是说明信息的来源和说话者对所说信息的确定程度和愿意承担多大的责任。该系统分为自言和借言。言辞来源于说话者本身的为自言,而具有多声性、对话性的称为借言。借言又分为缩约和扩展。

3.级差。级差来源于态度和介入的强弱。该系统包括语势和聚焦,表现为语势的增强/上扬或减弱/下降以及聚焦的明显或模糊实现。一般说来,在政治演讲中,语势资源的分布要广于聚焦资源的分布。而在语势资源中,语势的增强多于语势的减弱,以此,演讲者来表明自己的立场,树立自己的权威,增强了情感的表达,同时也增强了演讲的说服力。

本文是奥巴马竞选成功后发表的演讲,所以感情的表达一定是淋漓尽致的。同时作为一次政治演讲,强烈的感召力也是必不可少的。奥巴马旨在表明自己的观点,争取民心。文章运用了大量的强调词,表达了奥巴马对自己国家和人民的感情以及自己坚定的政治立场。

四、结语

本文从评价理论的态度,介入,级差三个方面对2012年奥巴马竞选成功后的演讲进行了语篇的分析,从而揭示了政治演讲的特征和其独特的魅力。从评价理论看:优秀的演讲的态度资源非常丰富,表现出丰富的情感,引起与群众的共鸣。通过分析奥巴马的演讲,本次研究将会给相关学者在研究评价理论方面一定的启示,但本文亦有不足之处,如缺乏一定的数据支持,需要进一步讨论和改正。

参考文献:

[1]常晨光.评价意义的韵律性分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2008, (3).

[2]房红梅.论评价理论对系统功能语言学的发展[J].现代外语,2014,(3).

4.奥巴马卸任演讲稿(全文) 篇四

奥巴马卸任演讲稿(全文)

It’s good to be home. My fellow Americans, Michelle and I have been so touched by all the well-wishes we’ve received over the past few weeks. But tonight it’s my turn to say thanks. Whether we’ve seen eye-to-eye or rarely agreed at all, my conversations with you, the American people – in living rooms and schools; at farms and on factory floors; at diners and on distant outposts – are what have kept me honest, kept me inspired, and kept me going. Every day, I learned from you. You made me a better President, and you made me a better man.

I first came to Chicago when I was in my early twenties, still trying to figure out who I was; still searching for a purpose to my life. It was in neighborhoods not far from here where I began working with church groups in the shadows of closed steel mills. It was on these streets where I witnessed the power of faith, and the quiet dignity of working people in the face of struggle and loss. This is where I learned that change only happens when ordinary people get involved, get engaged, and come together to demand it.

After eight years as your President, I still believe that. And it’s not just my belief. It’s the beating heart of our American idea – our bold experiment in self-government.

It’s the conviction that we are all created equal, endowed by our Creator with certain unalienable rights, among them life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

It’s the insistence that these rights, while self-evident, have never been self-executing; that We, the People, through the instrument of our democracy, can form a more perfect union.

This is the great gift our Founders gave us. The freedom to chase our individual dreams through our sweat, toil, and imagination – and the imperative to strive together as well, to achieve a greater good.

For 240 years, our nation’s call to citizenship has given work and purpose to each new generation. It’s what led patriots to choose republic over tyranny, pioneers to trek west, slaves to brave that makeshift railroad to freedom. It’s what pulled immigrants and refugees across oceans and the Rio Grande, pushed women to reach for the ballot, powered workers to organize. It’s why GIs gave their lives at Omaha Beach and Iwo Jima; Iraq and Afghanistan – and why men and women from Selma to Stonewall were prepared to give theirs as well.

So that’s what we mean when we say America is exceptional. Not that our nation has been flawless from the start, but that we have shown the capacity to change, and make life better for those who follow.

Yes, our progress has been uneven. The work of democracy has always been hard, contentious and sometimes bloody. For every two steps forward, it often feels we take one step back. But the long sweep of America has been defined by forward motion, a constant widening of our founding creed to embrace all, and not just some.

If I had told you eight years ago that America would reverse a great recession, reboot our auto industry, and unleash the longest stretch of job creation in our history…if I had told you that we would open up a new chapter with the Cuban people, shut down Iran’s nuclear weapons program without firing a shot, and take out the mastermind of 9/11…if I had told you that we would win marriage equality, and secure the right to health insurance for another 20 million of our fellow citizens – you might have said our sights were set a little too high.

But that’s what we did. That’s what you did. You were the change. You answered people’s hopes, and because of you, by almost every measure, America is a better, stronger place than it was when we started.

In ten days, the world will witness a hallmark of our democracy: the peaceful transfer of power from one freely-elected president to the next. I committed to President-Elect Trump that my administration would ensure the smoothest possible transition, just as President Bush did for me. Because it’s up to all of us to make sure our government can help us meet the many challenges we still face.

We have what we need to do so. After all, we remain the wealthiest, most powerful, and most respected nation on Earth. Our youth and drive, our diversity and openness, our boundless capacity for risk and reinvention mean that the future should be ours.

But that potential will be realized only if our democracy works. Only if our politics reflects the decency of the our people. Only if all of us, regardless of our party affiliation or particular interest, help restore the sense of common purpose that we so badly need right now.

That’s what I want to focus on tonight – the state of our democracy.

Understand, democracy does not require uniformity. Our founders quarreled and compromised, and expected us to do the same. But they knew that democracy does require a basic sense of solidarity – the idea that for all our outward differences, we are all in this together; that we rise or fall as one.

There have been moments throughout our history that threatened to rupture that solidarity. The beginning of this century has been one of those times. A shrinking world, growing inequality; demographic change and the specter of terrorism – these forces haven’t just tested our security and prosperity, but our democracy as well. And how we meet these challenges to our democracy will determine our ability to educate our kids, and create good jobs, and protect our homeland.

In other words, it will determine our future.

Our democracy won’t work without a sense that everyone has economic opportunity. Today, the economy is growing again; wages, incomes, home values, and retirement accounts are rising again; poverty is falling again. The wealthy are paying a fairer share of taxes even as the stock market shatters records. The unemployment rate is near a ten-year low. The uninsured rate has never, ever been lower. Health care costs are rising at the slowest rate in fifty years. And if anyone can put together a plan that is demonstrably better than the improvements we’ve made to our health care system – that covers as many people at less cost – I will publicly support it.

That, after all, is why we serve – to make people’s lives better, not worse.

But for all the real progress we’ve made, we know it’s not enough. Our economy doesn’t work as well or grow as fast when a few prosper at the expense of a growing middle class. But stark inequality is also corrosive to our democratic principles. While the top one percent has amassed a bigger share of wealth and income, too many families, in inner cities and rural counties, have been left behind – the laid-off factory worker; the waitress and health care worker who struggle to pay the bills – convinced that the game is fixed against them, that their government only serves the interests of the powerful – a recipe for more cynicism and polarization in our politics.

There are no quick fixes to this long-term trend. I agree that our trade should be fair and not just free. But the next wave of economic dislocation won’t come from overseas. It will come from the relentless pace of automation that makes many good, middle-class jobs obsolete.

And so we must forge a new social compact – to guarantee all our kids the education they need; to give workers the power to unionize for better wages; to update the social safety net to reflect the way we live now and make more reforms to the tax code so corporations and individuals who reap the most from the new economy don’t avoid their obligations to the country that’s made their success possible. We can argue about how to best achieve these goals. But we can’t be complacent about the goals themselves. For if we don’t create opportunity for all people, the disaffection and division that has stalled our progress will only sharpen in years to come.

There’s a second threat to our democracy – one as old as our nation itself. After my election, there was talk of a post-racial America. Such a vision, however well-intended, was never realistic. For race remains a potent and often divisive force in our society. I’ve lived long enough to know that race relations are better than they were ten, or twenty, or thirty years ago – you can see it not just in statistics, but in the attitudes of young Americans across the political spectrum.

But we’re not where we need to be. All of us have more work to do. After all, if every economic issue is framed as a struggle between a hardworking white middle class and undeserving minorities, then workers of all shades will be left fighting for scraps while the wealthy withdraw further into their private enclaves. If we decline to invest in the children of immigrants, just because they don’t look like us, we diminish the prospects of our own children – because those brown kids will represent a larger share of America’s workforce. And our economy doesn’t have to be a zero-sum game. Last year, incomes rose for all races, all age groups, for men and for women.

Going forward, we must uphold laws against discrimination – in hiring, in housing, in education and the criminal justice system. That’s what our Constitution and highest ideals require. But laws alone won’t be enough. Hearts must change. If our democracy is to work in this increasingly diverse nation, each one of us must try to heed the advice of one of the great characters in American fiction, Atticus Finch, who said “You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view…until you climb into his skin and walk around in it.”

For blacks and other minorities, it means tying our own struggles for justice to the challenges that a lot of people in this country face – the refugee, the immigrant, the rural poor, the transgender American, and also the middle-aged white man who from the outside may seem like he’s got all the advantages, but who’s seen his world upended by economic, cultural, and technological change.

For white Americans, it means acknowledging that the effects of slavery and Jim Crow didn’t suddenly vanish in the ‘60s; that when minority groups voice discontent, they’re not just engaging in reverse racism or practicing political correctness; that when they wage peaceful protest, they’re not demanding special treatment, but the equal treatment our Founders promised.

For native-born Americans, it means reminding ourselves that the stereotypes about immigrants today were said, almost word for word, about the Irish, Italians, and Poles. America wasn’t weakened by the presence of these newcomers; they embraced this nation’s creed, and it was strengthened.

So regardless of the station we occupy; we have to try harder; to start with the premise that each of our fellow citizens loves this country just as much as we do; that they value hard work and family like we do; that their children are just as curious and hopeful and worthy of love as our own.

None of this is easy. For too many of us, it’s become safer to retreat into our own bubbles, whether in our neighborhoods or college campuses or places of worship or our social media feeds, surrounded by people who look like us and share the same political outlook and never challenge our assumptions. The rise of naked partisanship, increasing economic and regional stratification, the splintering of our media into a channel for every taste – all this makes this great sorting seem natural, even inevitable. And increasingly, we become so secure in our bubbles that we accept only information, whether true or not, that fits our opinions, instead of basing our opinions on the evidence that’s out there.

This trend represents a third threat to our democracy. Politics is a battle of ideas; in the course of a healthy debate, we’ll prioritize different goals, and the different means of reaching them. But without some common baseline of facts; without a willingness to admit new information, and concede that your opponent is making a fair point, and that science and reason matter, we’ll keep talking past each other, making common ground and compromise impossible.

Isn’t that part of what makes politics so dispiriting? How can elected officials rage about deficits when we propose to spend money on preschool for kids, but not when we’re cutting taxes for corporations? How do we excuse ethical lapses in our own party, but pounce when the other party does the same thing? It’s not just dishonest, this selective sorting of the facts; it’s self-defeating. Because as my mother used to tell me, reality has a way of catching up with you.

Take the challenge of climate change. In just eight years, we’ve halved our dependence on foreign oil, doubled our renewable energy, and led the world to an agreement that has the promise to save this planet. But without bolder action, our children won’t have time to debate the existence of climate change; they’ll be busy dealing with its effects: environmental disasters, economic disruptions, and waves of climate refugees seeking sanctuary.

Now, we can and should argue about the best approach to the problem. But to simply deny the problem not only betrays future generations; it betrays the essential spirit of innovation and practical problem-solving that guided our Founders.

It’s that spirit, born of the Enlightenment, that made us an economic powerhouse – the spirit that took flight at Kitty Hawk and Cape Canaveral; the spirit that that cures disease and put a computer in every pocket.

It’s that spirit – a faith in reason, and enterprise, and the primacy of right over might, that allowed us to resist the lure of fascism and tyranny during the Great Depression, and build a post-World War II order with other democracies, an order based not just on military power or national affiliations but on principles – the rule of law, human rights, freedoms of religion, speech, assembly, and an independent press.

That order is now being challenged – first by violent fanatics who claim to speak for Islam; more recently by autocrats in foreign capitals who see free markets, open democracies, and civil society itself as a threat to their power. The peril each poses to our democracy is more far-reaching than a car bomb or a missile. It represents the fear of change; the fear of people who look or speak or pray differently; a contempt for the rule of law that holds leaders accountable; an intolerance of dissent and free thought; a belief that the sword or the gun or the bomb or propaganda machine is the ultimate arbiter of what’s true and what’s right.

Because of the extraordinary courage of our men and women in uniform, and the intelligence officers, law enforcement, and diplomats who support them, no foreign terrorist organization has successfully planned and executed an attack on our homeland these past eight years; and although Boston and Orlando remind us of how dangerous radicalization can be, our law enforcement agencies are more effective and vigilant than ever. We’ve taken out tens of thousands of terrorists – including Osama bin Laden. The global coalition we’re leading against ISIL has taken out their leaders, and taken away about half their territory. ISIL will be destroyed, and no one who threatens America will ever be safe. To all who serve, it has been the honor of my lifetime to be your Commander-in-Chief.

But protecting our way of life requires more than our military. Democracy can buckle when we give in to fear. So just as we, as citizens, must remain vigilant against external aggression, we must guard against a weakening of the values that make us who we are. That’s why, for the past eight years, I’ve worked to put the fight against terrorism on a firm legal footing. That’s why we’ve ended torture, worked to close Gitmo, and reform our laws governing surveillance to protect privacy and civil liberties. That’s why I reject discrimination against Muslim Americans. That’s why we cannot withdraw from global fights – to expand democracy, and human rights, women’s rights, and LGBT rights – no matter how imperfect our efforts, no matter how expedient ignoring such values may seem. For the fight against extremism and intolerance and sectarianism are of a piece with the fight against authoritarianism and nationalist aggression. If the scope of freedom and respect for the rule of law shrinks around the world, the likelihood of war within and between nations increases, and our own freedoms will eventually be threatened.

So let’s be vigilant, but not afraid. ISIL will try to kill innocent people. But they cannot defeat America unless we betray our Constitution and our principles in the fight. Rivals like Russia or China cannot match our influence around the world – unless we give up what we stand for, and turn ourselves into just another big country that bullies smaller neighbors.

Which brings me to my final point – our democracy is threatened whenever we take it for granted. All of us, regardless of party, should throw ourselves into the task of rebuilding our democratic institutions. When voting rates are some of the lowest among advanced democracies, we should make it easier, not harder, to vote. When trust in our institutions is low, we should reduce the corrosive influence of money in our politics, and insist on the principles of transparency and ethics in public service. When Congress is dysfunctional, we should draw our districts to encourage politicians to cater to common sense and not rigid extremes.

And all of this depends on our participation; on each of us accepting the responsibility of citizenship, regardless of which way the pendulum of power swings.

Our Constitution is a remarkable, beautiful gift. But it’s really just a piece of parchment. It has no power on its own. We, the people, give it power – with our participation, and the choices we make. Whether or not we stand up for our freedoms. Whether or not we respect and enforce the rule of law. America is no fragile thing. But the gains of our long journey to freedom are not assured.

In his own farewell address, George Washington wrote that self-government is the underpinning of our safety, prosperity, and liberty, but “from different causes and from different quarters much pains will be taken…to weaken in your minds the conviction of this truth;” that we should preserve it with “jealous anxiety;” that we should reject “the first dawning of every attempt to alienate any portion of our country from the rest or to enfeeble the sacred ties” that make us one.

We weaken those ties when we allow our political dialogue to become so corrosive that people of good character are turned off from public service; so coarse with rancor that Americans with whom we disagree are not just misguided, but somehow malevolent. We weaken those ties when we define some of us as more American than others; when we write off the whole system as inevitably corrupt, and blame the leaders we elect without examining our own role in electing them.

It falls to each of us to be those anxious, jealous guardians of our democracy; to embrace the joyous task we’ve been given to continually try to improve this great nation of ours. Because for all our outward differences, we all share the same proud title: Citizen.

Ultimately, that’s what our democracy demands. It needs you. Not just when there’s an election, not just when your own narrow interest is at stake, but over the full span of a lifetime. If you’re tired of arguing with strangers on the internet, try to talk with one in real life. If something needs fixing, lace up your shoes and do some organizing. If you’re disappointed by your elected officials, grab a clipboard, get some signatures, and run for office yourself. Show up. Dive in. Persevere. Sometimes you’ll win. Sometimes you’ll lose. Presuming a reservoir of goodness in others can be a risk, and there will be times when the process disappoints you. But for those of us fortunate enough to have been a part of this work, to see it up close, let me tell you, it can energize and inspire. And more often than not, your faith in America – and in Americans – will be confirmed.

Mine sure has been. Over the course of these eight years, I’ve seen the hopeful faces of young graduates and our newest military officers. I’ve mourned with grieving families searching for answers, and found grace in Charleston church. I’ve seen our scientists help a paralyzed man regain his sense of touch, and our wounded warriors walk again. I’ve seen our doctors and volunteers rebuild after earthquakes and stop pandemics in their tracks. I’ve seen the youngest of children remind us of our obligations to care for refugees, to work in peace, and above all to look out for each other.

That faith I placed all those years ago, not far from here, in the power of ordinary Americans to bring about change – that faith has been rewarded in ways I couldn’t possibly have imagined. I hope yours has, too. Some of you here tonight or watching at home were there with us in , in , in – and maybe you still can’t believe we pulled this whole thing off.

You’re not the only ones. Michelle – for the past twenty-five years, you’ve been not only my wife and mother of my children, but my best friend. You took on a role you didn’t ask for and made it your own with grace and grit and style and good humor. You made the White House a place that belongs to everybody. And a new generation sets its sights higher because it has you as a role model. You’ve made me proud. You’ve made the country proud.

Malia and Sasha, under the strangest of circumstances, you have become two amazing young women, smart and beautiful, but more importantly, kind and thoughtful and full of passion. You wore the burden of years in the spotlight so easily. Of all that I’ve done in my life, I’m most proud to be your dad.

To Joe Biden, the scrappy kid from Scranton who became Delaware’s favorite son: you were the first choice I made as a nominee, and the best. Not just because you have been a great Vice President, but because in the bargain, I gained a brother. We love you and Jill like family, and your friendship has been one of the great joys of our life.

To my remarkable staff: For eight years – and for some of you, a whole lot more – I’ve drawn from your energy, and tried to reflect back what you displayed every day: heart, and character, and idealism. I’ve watched you grow up, get married, have kids, and start incredible new journeys of your own. Even when times got tough and frustrating, you never let Washington get the better of you. The only thing that makes me prouder than all the good we’ve done is the thought of all the remarkable things you’ll achieve from here.

And to all of you out there – every organizer who moved to an unfamiliar town and kind family who welcomed them in, every volunteer who knocked on doors, every young person who cast a ballot for the first time, every American who lived and breathed the hard work of change – you are the best supporters and organizers anyone could hope for, and I will forever be grateful. Because yes, you changed the world.

That’s why I leave this stage tonight even more optimistic about this country than I was when we started. Because I know our work has not only helped so many Americans; it has inspired so many Americans – especially so many young people out there – to believe you can make a difference; to hitch your wagon to something bigger than yourselves. This generation coming up – unselfish, altruistic, creative, patriotic – I’ve seen you in every corner of the country. You believe in a fair, just, inclusive America; you know that constant change has been America’s hallmark, something not to fear but to embrace, and you are willing to carry this hard work of democracy forward. You’ll soon outnumber any of us, and I believe as a result that the future is in good hands.

My fellow Americans, it has been the honor of my life to serve you. I won’t stop; in fact, I will be right there with you, as a citizen, for all my days that remain. For now, whether you’re young or young at heart, I do have one final ask of you as your President – the same thing I asked when you took a chance on me eight years ago.

I am asking you to believe. Not in my ability to bring about change – but in yours.

I am asking you to hold fast to that faith written into our founding documents; that idea whispered by slaves and abolitionists; that spirit sung by immigrants and homesteaders and those who marched for justice; that creed reaffirmed by those who planted flags from foreign battlefields to the surface of the moon; a creed at the core of every American whose story is not yet written:

Yes We Can.

Yes We Did.

Yes We Can.

Thank you. God bless you. And may God continue to bless the United States of America.

译文:

很高兴回家,回到芝加哥!回家真好!

正如你们所见,我现在是个“跛脚鸭”总统,因为没有人再听从我的指示,正如现场大家每个人都有个座位。

很高兴回到家乡。我的朋友们,过去几周中我们收到了许多真诚的祝福,我和米歇尔深受感动。今晚,轮到我来对你们说声感谢。不论我们站在相同的政治立场上还是从未达成共识,不论我们是在房间还是学校、农场还是工厂车间、餐桌还是野外,我们之间的对话都让我更加诚实、更加奋进,也帮助我深受启发。每天,我都在向你们学习。你们帮助我成为一个更称职的总统,也帮助我成为一个更好的人。

我是在二十多岁的时候第一次来芝加哥,当时我仍然处于懵懵懂懂的阶段,仍然在寻求生活的意义。我开始与一些教会团体在已经关门的钢铁生产厂附近工作,当时那些小区离今天的会场不远。在那些街道中,我见证了信仰的力量,也在工人斗争中见证了工人阶级无声的尊严。这个时候,我明白了只有当普通人民团结起来、参与进来并致力于争取权力,社会变革才能发生。

在担任八年的美国总统后,我仍然相信这一条结论。这不仅仅是我个人的想法,也是根植在美国人心中的核心价值观,即寻求自主管理的大胆实验。

我们每个人相信,我们生来平等,享有造物主赋予我们的一些不可剥夺的权利,包括生命、自由和追求幸福的权利。

尽管这些权利看上去是显而易见,但是这些权利却从来不会自动实现。正是美国人民通过民主政治的渠道,坚持追求这些权利,我们才能够成为一个更加完美的联合体。

这是我们的先驱赋予我们的礼物,让我们有自由通过自己的辛勤劳动、梦想和努力来追求每个人不同的梦想。当然,每个美国人也应当同心协力,才能实现更加伟大的创举。

在过去240年中,美国精神一直鼓励每个美国公民积极行使公民权利,这给每一代美国人赋予了努力的方向。这也是鼓舞美国人推翻集权选择共和制度、探索开发西部地区以及修筑铁路的奴隶奋起反抗要求自由的动力。这种美国精神将漂洋过海和来自格兰德河的移民和难民凝聚在一起,鼓励美国女性走向投票站,也促使工人团结形成工会。这也是鼓舞美国士兵在奥巴马海滩、硫磺岛、伊拉克和阿富汗等战场抛头颅洒热血的精神。这更是鼓励塞尔玛小镇上黑人民权斗士和石墙中同性恋运动人士捍卫自身权利的精神。

这也是为什么美国如此特别。美国的独特之处不在于我们从一开始就拥有完美的制度,而是我们有能力改变,并帮助那些寻求改变的人过上更好的生活。

是的,我们一路走来并非一帆风顺。推动民主体制向来非常困难,有时甚至需要激烈争辩或流血冲突。每当我们向前走两步时,很多时候都感觉好像反而是退了一步。但是,美国历史一直是在进步,一直在扩大建国精神的范围,来包容美国各个阶层和社会群体。

八年前,如果我告诉你美国能够从金融危机中走出来、重建汽车制造行业、并实现美国历史上就业岗位连续增长的最长记录,如果我告诉你我们能够与古巴重建外交关系并写下历史的新篇章、在不动用武力的前提下关闭伊朗核武器研究项目、并消灭911恐怖主义袭击事件的首脑,如果我告诉你我们能够实现婚姻平等、满足万美国人提供医疗保险的需求,当时的你或许会觉得我想得太远了。

但是,我们都做到了。这些都是你们取得的成就,你们就是实现这些变革的动力。你们满足了美国人民的愿望,也因为你们,美国在各个方面都变得更好,比我刚上任时更加强大。

权力从一个自由选举的总统向下一任转移的过程是平稳有序的,这是非常重要的。我曾向特朗普承诺,我的政治团队将确保此次换届过程非常平稳,就像当初布什总统把权力交接给我一样。因为,我们每个人首先要保证美国政府未来有能力解决我们现在仍然面临的问题。

在美国历史中,曾经有过几次内部团结被破坏的时候。本世纪初,就是美国社会团结遭到威胁的一个时期。世界各国联系更加紧密,但是社会不平等问题更加突出,恐怖主义的威胁也更加严重。这些因素不仅仅会考验美国的安全和法弄,也对美国的民众体制产生威胁。未来,我们如何迎接这些民主挑战将关系到我们是否能正确教育下一代、继续创造就业岗位并保护美国的国土安全“

医疗保险政策

目前,美国未参保人数比例大幅下降,医疗保健费用增速已将降至过去50年以来最低水平。如果任何人能够提出一项医保政策,并切实证明新政策比上一届政府提出的医保改革更加有效,能够尽可能地以较低价格覆盖广大美国人民,我会公开支持这种新的医保政策。

种族和移民问题

美国总统大选结束后,一些人认为美国已经进入后种族时代。尽管这种种族融合的愿望是好的,但是却不太可能真正实现。目前,种族问题仍然是一个可能造成社会分裂的重大问题。以我个人经历来看,如今美国社会的种族问题比二十、三十年前有了较大改善,这种社会进步不仅仅体现在统计数字中,也可以从不同政治观念的年轻一代美国人的态度中看出来。

但是,我们的工作还远远没有结束。我们每个人都还有很多工作去做。如果每个经济问题都通过勤劳的美国中产阶级与少数族群之间的冲突来解读,那么各个种族的工人阶级将为一点点剩余的劳动果实争得头破血流,而那些富人会进一步收缩进他们自己的小圈子。如果我们仅仅因为移民后裔长得不像我们,就拒绝给这些孩子投资,那我们也是在牺牲美国人后代的希望,因为这些移民后裔未来会在美国工薪阶层占很大比例。

少数族裔问题

对于黑人和其他少数族群需要共同奋斗来解决许多美国人面临的问题,这不仅仅包括难民、移民、农村的群人和变性人,也包括那些看上去享受各种社会优待的中年男性白人,因为这些人都面临全社会经济、文化和科技发生重大变革的挑战。

政治是一场观点的较量,这也是民主体制的设计理念。但是,如果每个政治团体没有一些社会共识,不愿意去了解新的信息,不愿意去承认对手方的论点合理,也不愿意通过科学论据理性思考,那么这场辩论中没有人在聆听,双方就不可能产生共识或者妥协。

环境保护

如果我们不采取更加积极的环境保护措施,我们的下一代就没有时间再讨论环境变化是否存在,而是忙于处理环境变化带来的后果,包括自然灾害、经济发展停滞以及环境难民寻求避难等问题。现在,我们能够也应当讨论如何最好地解决环境变化问题。但是,如果我们仅仅否认环境问题存在,这不仅仅是背叛下一代,也背叛了历史先驱们寻求创新并解决实际问题的精神。

恐怖袭击

过去八年中,没有任何一个境外恐怖主义组织成功地在美国本土上计划并执行一次恐怖袭击。尽管美国发生了本土滋生的恐怖主义袭击事件,包括波士顿马拉松炸弹袭击以及圣博娜迪诺袭击事件。对于那些一直坚守在工作岗位上的反恐工作人员,担任你们的指挥官是我一辈子的荣耀。

我反对任何歧视美国穆斯林群体的行为。我们需要更加警惕,但是不需要害怕ISIL组织(伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国)杀害更多无辜的人民。如果我们在斗争中坚守美国宪法和核心精神,他们就无法战胜美国。俄罗斯或者中国等其他国家无法匹敌美国在全球范围内的影响,除非我们自己放弃这种影响力,变成一个只会欺负周边小国的大国。

不论我们属于哪一个党派,我们所有人都应当致力于重建美国的民主政治制度。我们的民主宪法是一项杰出的成就,也是上天赐予的礼物,但是这仅仅是一张纸,宪法本身不具备任何力量。宪法的力量是我们美国人民通过参与选举、做出决议赋予的。

美国人应当成为积极参与政治的公民,让参与政治成为日常生活的一部分,特别是如果一些人对目前美国政治的现状不满的话:“如果你厌倦了与互联网上的陌生人争辩,可以考虑在现实生活中与异见人士辩论。如果你认为一些问题需要被解决,那就采取行动组织力量。如果你对选举出来的政府官员不满意,那就争取其他人的支持来自己竞选。

致谢

米歇尔,过去二十五年中,你不仅仅是我的妻子孩子的母亲,也是我最好的朋友。你担任了一个不是你争取来的职责,但是你的优雅、勇气和幽默都给这个身份烙上了你自己的印记。

(奥巴马转向他的女儿)你们两个女孩聪明、美丽,更重要的是,你们善良而又充满热情。过去几年中,你们没有被聚光灯所累。在我的一生中,我为成为你们的父亲而自豪。

(感谢副总统拜登)从宾州斯克兰顿到特拉华州,你是我当选美国总统后提名的第一个人选,也是我最好的选择。拜登是一个好兄弟,就像家人一样。

(感谢工作人员)你们改变了这个世界。今晚,我将离开这个舞台,但是我对于这个国家比我刚上任时更加乐观.

美国民众对国家充满信心

我希望你相信,不仅仅相信我能够为美国带来改变的能力,也相信你自己能够改变这个国家的能力。

希望你们坚信美国建国宪章中记载的精神,相信奴隶和废奴主义者传播的平等观念,相信曾经通过游行争取移民公平权利的精神,相信那些将美利坚旗帜插在海外战场和月球表面的国家信念。这种信念存在于每个普通美国人的心中。

是的,我们能行。

是的,我们做到了。

是的,我们能行!

更多相关优秀文章推荐:

1.奥巴马告别演讲稿(中英文版)

2.奥巴马卸任演讲稿(全文)

3.美总统奥巴马的开学励志演讲稿

4.奥巴马励志的开学演讲稿

5.奥巴马开学励志演讲稿

6.奥巴马英语励志演讲稿

5.奥巴马竞选演讲全文 篇五

My fellow citizens: I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath.The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace.Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms.At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents.So it has been.So it must be with this generation of Americans.That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood.Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred.Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age.Homes have been lost;jobs shed;businesses shuttered.Our health care is too costly;our schools fail too many;and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics.Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our landthey will be met.On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things.The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit;to choose our 1 better history;to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given.It must be earned.Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less.It has not been the path for the faint-heartedsome celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West;endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg;Normandy and Khe Sanh.Time and again these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life.They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions;greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.This is the journey we continue today.We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth.Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began.Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year.Our capacity remains undiminished.But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisionsnot only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth.We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together.We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology’s wonders to raise health care’s quality and lower its cost.We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories.And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age.All this we can do.And all this we will do.Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitionsthat the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply.The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it worksto spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of dayand that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous.The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our Gross Domestic Product, but on the reach of our prosperity;on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing hearteven greater cooperation and understanding between nations.We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan.With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet.We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you 3 now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken;you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness.We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindusknow that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy.To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history;but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow;to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds.And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders;nor can we consume the world’s resources without regard to effect.For the world has changed, and we must change with it.As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains.They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages.We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service;a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves.And yet, at this momentit is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies.It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours.It is the firefighter’s courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent’s willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.Our challenges may be new.The instruments with which we meet them may be new.But those values upon which our success dependsthese things are old.These things are true.They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history.What is demanded then is a return to these truths.What is required of us now is a new era of responsibilitythe knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed-why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent mall, and why a man whose father less than sixty years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled.In the year of America’s birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river.The capital was abandoned.The enemy was advancing.The snow was stained with blood.At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people: “Let it be told to the future world...that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive...that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it].” America.In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words.With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come.Let it be said by our children’s children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter;and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God’s grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.奥巴马就职演讲全文:凝聚力量 重塑美国

http://news.QQ.com

2009年01月21日02:08

奥巴马发表就职演讲

据美国媒体报道,当地时间1月20日上午12点05分(北京时间21日凌晨1点05分)第44届美国总统奥巴马发表了就职演说。奥巴马说,美国仍然是年轻的国家,但这个时代受到挑战,我们必须凝聚力量,重新塑造美国。以下为奥巴马演讲全文:

亲爱的同胞们:

今天我站在这里,为我们将面对的任重道远而慨叹。感谢你们对我寄托的信任,同时缅怀我们的前人所做出的牺牲。感谢布什总统为美国做出的贡献,以及他在总统任期交叠过程中的慷慨合作。

至此,共有四十四位美国人曾进行过总统宣誓。这一誓言曾在国家和平、欣欣向荣时做出过。然而这一誓词更曾在乌云笼罩和风暴袭来之时被宣读。美国人民之所以能够走过那些艰难的时刻,不仅仅是因为领袖的能力或远见;更是因为我们,我们人民,保持着对先人理想的忠诚,对我们国家创始文件的追随。

对于我们这一代美国人来说,也是这样,也必须这样。

国家正面临危机,这一点大家已经没有疑问。美国处在战争之中,面对一个有巨大影响力、充满暴力和仇恨的网络。我们的经济严重衰退。这来源于部分人的贪婪和不负责任,更由于作为一个整体,我们未能做出面对一个新时代的艰难决策。人民失去房屋、工作机会减少、商业活动遭到破坏。医疗保障过于 6 昂贵,学校教育系统出现太多失败。而我们对能源的使用,日益让对手强大,与此同时又威胁着我们的星球。

这些,是从数据和统计中可以看到的危机信号。还有难以度量但同样深远的问题,那就是整个国家信心的缺失。那萦绕在我们头上的恐惧,认为美国的衰败不可避免,认为我们的下一代人不可能再有太高的期望。

今天我要对你们说,我们面临的挑战是真切的、严重的,而且有很多重。解决他们不可能很轻松,也不可能在短时间内发生。但美国人民,请记住这一点:这些挑战会被解决。

今天,我们聚集在一起,因为我们选择了希望而不是恐惧;我们选择了为共同的目标团结在一起,而不是冲突与争执。

今天,我们共同终结那些虚假的承诺、陈腐的教条、以及指摘与怨言。这些已经困扰了我们的政治体系太长时间。

我们的国家仍旧年轻,但借用圣经中的话,该是抛开那些孩子气的时候了。现在,需要重新拿出我们的坚韧精神,选择自己的历史。我们要延续代代相传的宝贵礼物,延续神圣的理想,那就是上帝赐予我们的承诺--人人平等,人人自由,人人都有机会去追求最大程度的幸福。

在重温我们国家伟大的同时,我们必须明白,伟大不是凭空而来的,而是赢得的。在我们的历程中,从来没有走捷径或是退而求其次。这一历程不是为懦弱者准备的,不是为那些享乐高于工作、只知追求名利的人准备的。相反,是那些甘于承担风险的人,实干家,创造者--有些众人皆知,而更多的在辛勤工作中默默无闻--是他们带着我们穿越漫长、崎岖的道路走向繁荣与自由。

为了我们,他们把仅有的财物装进行囊,漂洋过海追求新的生活。

为了我们,他们开拓西部,在条件恶劣的工厂中流血流汗;他们忍受鞭笞,开垦贫瘠的土地。

为了我们,他们战斗和牺牲在协和镇(Concord)、葛底斯堡(Gettysburg)、诺曼底和科萨恩(KheSahn)。

一次又一次,这些男男女女,他们奋斗和牺牲;他们将双手磨破为了给我们带来更好的生活。在他们眼中,美国超越了我们每个人雄心的总和,超越了个人、财富和派系的差别。

今天,我们仍在这样的历程上。我们仍旧是地球上最繁荣、最强大的国家。美国工人们的效率并不比危机开始之前低。我们的头脑具有同样的创造力。我们的产品与服务和上周、上月、或者去年一样有需 7 求。我们的能力从未被削弱。但墨守陈规、维护狭隘的利益、面对艰难的决策畏首畏尾的日子将一去不复返了。从今天开始,我们必须重新找回我们自己,掸去身上的尘土,开始重塑美国的重任。

环顾四周,有无数工作等着我们。经济状况期待着我们大胆和快速的行动。我们会付诸行动--不仅仅是创造就业机会,同时还要为未来的增长打下新的基础。我们将建设公路、桥梁和电网,以及将我们紧密联系起来、提供商业信息的数字高速公路。我们会重新树立科学应有的地位,并利用技术手段提高医疗保障的质量,同时降低其费用。我们将利用太阳、风与土壤,来驱动我们的汽车和工厂。我们将改革我们的学校和大学,以满足新时代的需要。这些都有可能实现,更会去实现。

现在,有人还在怀疑我们的信心──他们认为我们的国家无法承担这样的重大计划。他们太健忘了,他们忘记了这个国家曾经取得的成就,他们忘记了当拥有了理想、共同的目标和必要的勇气,这些自由的人民曾经取得的辉煌成就。

这些愤世嫉俗的人无法理解这个国家所发生的转变──那些陈腐的政治已经缠绕了我们太久太长。我们现在面临的问题不是政府太大还是太小,而是政府所扮演的角色──应该帮助家庭获得体面的收入,购买他们的所需,有尊严地退休。当这些答案都是肯定的时,我们才能继续前进。如果答案是否定的,一切都将不复存在。我们这些管理公共财产的人应该负起责任──把钱花在刀刃上、改掉恶习、光明正大地行事──因为只有这样我们才能重塑人民和政府之间的信任。

市场力量的好坏不是我们的问题。市场在创造财富和推进自由进程方面是无可代替的,但是这场危机也提醒了我们没有审慎的监管,市场的力量将如野马一样脱缰──一个仅有财富的国家不可能持续繁荣。我们在经济上所取得的成功不仅体现在我们的经济总量上,也体现在我们的繁荣程度上,体现在我们为每个渴望成功的心灵所提供的机会上─这并非出自恻隐之心,而是我们实现共同利益的必经之路。

我们拒绝在安全和理想之间妥协。我们的建国先辈们,面对我们无法想象的凶险,却依然用几代人的鲜血维护了神圣的法律和人权。那些理想依然在照亮着这个世界,我们不会因一时的困难而放弃这些理想。我要对那些正在看着我们的国家和人民说,无论你身处繁华的都市还是像养育了我父亲那样的小村庄:对于那些追求和平与尊严的男人、女人和孩子,美国将永远是你们的朋友,我们将继续和你们一起前进。

我们是这种传统的捍卫者。我们继续追寻这些信念的指引,我们将直面这些挑战并更加努力─更多的沟通与合作。我们会负责地将伊拉克还给当地的人民,并在阿富汗保卫来之不易的和平。我们将与老朋友和原来的敌人一道,共同消除核威胁,解决全球变暖的根源。我们不会为自己的做法道歉,更不会动摇 8 捍卫和平的决心,对于那些崇尚恐怖、滥杀无辜的人,我们的精神是强大而不可战胜的。你拖不垮我们,我们将会打败你。

我们多种族混居是一种优势。我们是一个由基督徒、穆斯林、犹太教徒、印度教徒和无神论者共同组成的国家。我们吸收了各种文化的精髓,从世界的每个角落学习。因为我们经历过内战和种族隔离的痛苦洗礼,并在黑暗中更加坚强和团结,我们无法保证,但是我们相信憎恨终将消弭,分隔终将散去。随着世界越来越紧密地联系在一起,我们共同的人性将显露出来,美国必须承担引领新时代和平的重任。

对于穆斯林世界,我们将基于共同的利益和信仰,寻找更好的合作之路。对于那些在世界各个地方挑起冲突或一味批评西方不良影响的领导者:你的人民评判你的依据是你建立了什么,而不是破坏了什么。对于那些依靠腐败和欺骗并压制异议而追求权利的人们:你们站在了人类历史的对立面。如果你们能张开紧握的拳头,我们也将伸出友谊之手。

对于那些贫穷的人们,我们保证和你们一起建设繁茂的农场和干净的水源,滋养那些饥寒交迫的身体和心灵。对于那些与我们一样相对富裕的国家,我们不能再对外界的苦难漠不关心,更不能继续大肆索取世界的资源。世界必须改变,我们都必须改变。

当我们审视前方的道路时,我们会感激那些跨越千山万水来到这里的人们。今天,他们有话对我们说,也是安息在阿林顿国家公墓里的先烈们时刻提醒我们的。我们尊敬他们不仅因为是他们捍卫了我们的自由,更因为他们正是奉献精神的化身;他们致力于寻找远高于自身的生命真谛。而此时,在这个特殊的时代,我们更需让这种精神长存。

因为归根结底,政府所能做的,也是必须做到的,是体现每个美国人的信念和决心,这也是这个国家赖以生存的精神力量。这种力量是洪灾泛滥时,陌生人之间的温暖善举;是经济困难时期,人们自损利益保全朋友工作的无私忘我。这是消防员们毅然冲入浓烟火海的勇气,也是父母培养孩子的无私之心,这些都决定了我们的命运。

或许,我们今日遇到挑战前所未有,所有的情况完全陌生。但是,我们赖以走向成功的价值观从未改变——诚实、勤勉、勇敢、公正、宽容、好学、忠贞和爱国。我们的历史亦由这些真理推进,亘古不变。如今,我们面对的是一个全新的责任时代——人人都需重视,对我们自己,我们的国家乃至整个世界,都有一份责任。我们会欣然接受这份责任,人生也正因此而充实。

这是公民的价值和承诺。

这是我们信心的源泉——上帝赐予我们知识以应对无常的命运。

这是我们所崇尚的自由与信念的真谛——这就是为什么今天,不同肤色,不同信仰的男女老少在此汇聚一堂;这就是为什么六十年前,一位父亲走入餐厅甚至无人理睬,而今天他的儿子可以站在这里,在你们面前许下最庄严的誓言。

所以让我们记住这一天,记住自己,记住为此的付出。在我们的国家诞生之初,先辈们在最寒冷的日子里,围聚在结冰的河边靠微弱的篝火取暖。离乡背井,后有敌军,鲜血染红了白雪。就在革命的道路如此模糊,意志也开始踌躇之时,我们的国父有这样几句话:

“告诉未来的世界„„当一切陷入寒冬,万物俱灭,只有希望和勇气可以长存„„这座城市和这个国家,在共同的危机下团结起来,共同面对前方的艰难。”

美国,面对我们共同的危机,在这艰难的寒冬,让我们牢记那些永恒的字句。怀着希望和美德,让我们再一次勇敢地面对冰冷的现实,迎接任何可能的风浪。让我们的子孙传唱,当我们面对挑战时,我们没有怯懦、没有退缩,更没有踟蹰不前。我们在上帝的关爱下眺望远方,我们在自由的道路上继续前进,我们的精神将永远闪耀着光芒。

6.奥巴马竞选演讲全文 篇六

来源:南都网

摘要:美国总统奥巴马16日在上海科技馆发表演讲。在演讲中,奥巴马表示,最好的大使、最好的使者就是年轻人,这是我们合作的下一步,惠及两国和全世界。

新华网上海11月16日电 美国总统奥巴马16日在上海科技馆发表演讲。在演讲中,奥巴马表示,最好的大使、最好的使者就是年轻人,这是我们合作的下一步,惠及两国和全世界。

在回答学生问题时,奥巴马表示,美国可以在快轨方面向中国学习;在回答是否支持改善两岸关系的问题时,奥巴马表示我的政府全面支持一个中国的政策;在回答是否准备参加世博会的问题时,奥巴马表示他将非常乐于参加上海世博会。

奥巴马在上海与中国青年对话:最好的使者是年轻人

在回答如何看待获得诺贝尔和平奖时表示,得到和平奖最惊奇的就是自己,认为获得这个荣誉有点不配。在回答是否支持改善两岸关系的问题时,奥巴马表示美国非常希望继续看到两岸不断地改善关系。

在回答互联网开放的问题时,奥巴马表示信息越是能够自由的流通,社会就变得越强,因为这样子,世界各地的公民能让自己的政府负责。

[奥巴马]好吧,我现在请我的洪大使,现在有一个网民通过我们使馆网站提了一个问题。

[洪博培]第一,有这么多互联网使用者的国家,有6000万写博客的人,你知道防火墙的事情吗?第二,我们是不是应该自由的使用TWITTER?

[奥巴马]首先让我说,我从来没有使用过TWITTER.我注意到一些年轻人,他们一直很忙,有各种各样的电子器材,很笨重。但是我还是非常相信技术的作用,非常重视开放性。在信息流动方面,我认为越是能够自由的信息流通,社会就变得越强,因为这样子,世界各地的公民能让自己的政府负责,有一个问责制度,他们自己会思考,这样会有新的想法,鼓励创造性。所以我一直是坚定的支持互联网开放的使用,我是非常支持不审查内容,在美国我过去谈过,这是我们的一个传统,我也认识到不同的国家有不同的传统,但是我可以告诉各位,在美国,我们有没有受限制的使用互联网的机会,这是我们力量的来源,也应该受到鼓励的。

但是我也应该很诚实的告诉各位,作为美国总统,有的时候我还是希望信息不是那么自由的流通,因为这样我就不需要听到人们在批评我,我认为很自然的。

在人处于一个实力地位的时候就会想到,你为什么这样说我,你这样说是很不负责的。可是真实的情况是这样,因为在美国信息是自由的,因为在美国有很多人批评我说各种各样的事情,但我还是认为,这样才会使得我们的民族制度变得更强,使我变成一个更好的领导人,因为它迫使我听到一些我不愿意听到的意见,也迫使我审查我正在做的事情,每天都要审查,要看我是不是真的为美国人民做我能做的最好的事情。所以我认为互联网现在已经变成一个更强的工具,可以让公民来参与。

实际上,我这次胜选,当了总统的一个原因之一我们能够动员很多年轻人,通过互联网来动员。刚开始的时候,没有人会想到我会赢,因为我们不是得到最富裕的支持者、政治上最有权利的人支持我们,可是人们通过互联网看到我们竞选,他们开始感到很兴奋,他们就组织起来成立一些竞选的活动、事件和集会,结果就产生了这些从下往上的一种行动,使我们很成功。

这不仅在政府和政治,在企业界一样。像Google这种公司,不到20年前,它只是两个年龄跟你们差不多一样的人创业,本来是科学的实验,后来因为互联网,他们能够创造一个产业,这个产业使得全世界各地的商业发生一场革命。

所以要不是有很自由的开放性,就像互联网所提供的开放性,那Google不会存在,所以我很支持一个做法,就是不要限制互联网的使用、接触或者像TWITTER这种信息技术,越开放越能够沟通,使全世界联系在一起。像我的两个女儿玛丽亚和娜塔莎,一个是11岁,一个是8岁,在她们的房间可以上网,通过互联网可以达到世界任何地方,可以学到她们想学的内容,这是她们巨大的力量,她们拥有这种力量,也有利于促进相互理解。

就像我刚才所说的,技术也有负面,恐怖分子也可以通过互联网做一些以前他们做不到的事情,有一些极端分子也可以动员。当然开放性肯定要付出某种代价,这是不能否认的。可是我想好的远远多于坏的,所以还是保持开放是好的,这是我很高兴互联网也作为这个论坛的一部分。最后两个问题。

“美国总统奥巴马在上海与中国青年对话”演讲全文

你好。诸位下午好。我感到很荣幸能够有机会到上海跟你们交谈,我要感谢复旦大学的杨校长,感谢他的款待和热情的欢迎。我还想感谢我们出色的大使洪博培,他是我们两国间深厚的纽带。我不知道他刚才说什么,但是希望他说得很好。

我今天准备这样,先做一个开场白,我真正希望做的是回答在座的问题,不但回答在座的学生问题,同时还可以从网上得到一些问题,由在座的一些学生和洪博培大使代为提问。很抱歉,我的中文远不如你们的英文,所以我期待和你们的对话。这是我首次访问中国,我看到你们博大的国家,感到很兴奋。在上海这里,我们看到了瞩目的增长,高耸的塔楼,繁忙的街道,还有企业家的精神。这些都是中国步入21世纪的迹象,让我感到赞叹。同时我也急切的要看到向我们展现中国古老的古迹,明天和后天我要到北京去看雄伟壮丽的故宫和令人叹为观止的长城,这个国度既有丰富的历史,又有对未来憧憬的信念。

而我们两国的关系也是如此,上海在美中关系的历史中是个具有意义的重大城市,在30年前,《上海公报》打开了我们两国政府和两国人民接触交往的新的篇章。

不过美国与这个国家的纽带可以追溯更久远的过去,追溯到美国独立的初期,乔治?华盛顿组织了皇后号的下水仪式,这个船成功前往大清王朝,华盛顿希望看到这艘船前往各地,与中国结成新的纽带。希望中国开辟新的地平线,建立新的伙伴关系。在其后的两个世纪中,历史洪流使我们两国关系向许多不同的方向发展,而即使在最动荡的方向中,我们的两国人民打造深的,甚至有戏剧性的纽带,比如美国人永远不会忘记,在二战期间,美国飞行员在中国上空被击落后,当地人民对他们的款待,中国公民冒着失去一切的危险罩着他们。

而参加二战的老兵仍然欢迎故地重游的美国老兵,他们在那里参战。40年前,我们两国间开启了又一种联系,两国关系开始解冻,通过乒乓球的比赛解冻关系。我们两国之间有着分歧,但是我们也有着共同的人性及有着共同的好奇,就像一位乒乓球运动员一样,那时的国家就是一样,但是这个小小的开头带来了《上海公报》的问世,最终还带来了美中在1979年建交。在其后的30年我们又取得了长足的进展,1979年美中贸易只有50亿美元,现在已经超过了4000亿美元。

贸易在许多方面影响人民的生活,比如美国电脑中许多部件,还有穿的衣服都是从中国进口的,我们向中国出口中国工业要使用的机器,这种贸易可以在太平洋两岸创造更多的就业机会,让我们的人民过上质量更高的生活。

在需求趋于平衡的过程中,这种贸易可以是更广阔的贸易。如今我们有着积极合作和全面的关系,为我们在当前重大的全球问题上建立伙伴关系打开了大门,这些问题包括经济复苏、洁净能源的开发、制止核武器扩散以及应对气候变化。还有在亚洲及全球各地促进和平和稳定,所有这些问题我明天与胡主席会谈时都会谈到。1979年的时候,我们两国人民的联系十分有限,如今当年乒乓球运动员的好奇可以在许多领域建立的联系中都可以看到,在美国数量最多的留学生都来自中国。而在美国的学生中,学中文的人数增加了50%.我们两国有近200个友好城市,美中科学家在许多新的研究领域和发现领域进行合作,而我们两国人民都热爱篮球,姚明就是个例子。不过,此行中我不能观看上海鲨鱼队的比赛,有点遗憾。

那么我们两国之间的这种关系给我们带来了积极的变化,这并不是偶然的,中国使得亿万人民脱贫,而这种成就是人类历史上史无前例的。而中国在全球问题中也发挥更大的作用,美国也目睹了我们经济的成长。中国有句古言,温故而知新。当然,我们过去30年中也遇到了挫折和挑战,我们的关系并不是没有困难的,没有分歧的。但是我们必须一定是对手这种想法不应该是一成不变的。由于我们两国的合作,美中两国都变得更加繁荣、更加安全。我们基于相互的利益、相互的尊重就能有成就。

不过,这种接触的成功要取决于我们要彼此了解,要能够进行开诚布公的对话,彼此进行了解。就像当年美国乒乓球运动员所说的,我们作为人有着共同的向往,但是我们两国又不同。我认为我们两国每个国家都应该勾画出自己要走的路,中国是一个文明古国,它有着博大精深的文化。相对而言,美国是一个年轻的国家,它的文化受到来自许多不同国家移民的影响,而指导我们民主制度文件的影响,我有一个非常简单的向往,代表了一些核心的原则,就是所有的人生来平等,都有着基本的权利,而政府应当反映人们的意志,贸易应该是开放的,信息流通应当是自由的,而法律要保证这个公平。

当然,我们的国家历史也不是没有过困难的地方,从很多方面来讲,很多年以来,我们是通过斗争来促进这些原则或者是所有的人民能够享受到,为了缔造一个更完美的联合,我们也打过一个很痛苦的内战,把一部分我们被奴役的人口释放出来,经过一段时间才能使妇女有投票权,劳工有组织权,包括来自各地的移民能够全部被接受。即使他们被解放以后,非洲裔美国人也和美国人经过一些分开的、不平等的条件,经过一段时间才争取到全面的平等权利,所有这些是不容易的。但是我们对这些核心原则的信念我们取得的进展,在最黑暗的风暴当中是作为我们的指南针。

这是为什么林肯在内战期间站起来说过,任何一个国家以自由、以所有人类平等的原则能够长久的存在,也就是为什么金博士在林肯纪念馆的前台站起来,说我们国家要必须真正的实现我们的信念。也就是为什么来自中国或者肯尼亚的移民能够到我们的家,也是为什么一个不到50年前以前在某些地方连投票都遇到困难的人,现在就能够做到那个国家的总统。

这就是为什么美国永远为了全世界各地的核心原则说话,我们不寻求把任何政治体制强制给任何国家,但是我们也不认为我们所支持的这些原则是我们国家所独有的,这些表达自由、宗教崇拜自由、接触信息的机会、政治的参与,我们认为这些是普世的权利,应该是所有人民能够享受到,包括少数民族和宗教的族群,不管是在中国、美国和任何国家,对于普遍权利的尊敬,作为美国对其他国家的开放态度的指导原则,我们对其他文化的尊重,我们对国际法的承诺和对未来的信念的原则。

所有这些都是你们知道关于美国的一些情况,我们有很多要从中国学习。我们看看这个伟大城市的各地,也看看这个房间,我就相信我们两国有很重要的共同点,也就是对未来的信念,不管是美国还是中国,对现在的成就不能感到自满。虽然中国是一个古老的国家,你们也是充满信心展望未来,致力于下一代能够比这一代做的更好,除了你们不断增长的经济之外,我们很配合中国在科学和研究方面所投入的力量,包括建设的基础设施和使用的技术,中国是世界上使用互联网技术最多的国家,这就是我们很高兴互联网是今天活动的一部分,这个国家也拥有最大的机动电话网络,对新的投资保持继续增长,和应对气候变化方面有新的投资,我也希望两国加强这方面的合作。

但是更重要是看到年轻人你们的才能、你们的献身精神、你们的梦想在21世纪实现方面会发挥很大的作用。我说过很多次,我认为世界是互相连接的,我们所做的工作,我们所建立的繁荣,我们所保护的环境,我们所追求的安全,所有这些都是共同的,而且是互相连接的,所以21世纪的实力不在零和游戏,一个国家成功不应该以另外一个国家的牺牲作为代价。这就是我们为什么不寻求遏制中国的崛起。相反,我们欢迎中国作为一个国际社会的强的、繁荣的、成功的成员。

再回到刚才的谚语,我们应该考虑过去。在大的国家合作的时候,就比互相碰撞会取得更多得好处,这就是人类在历史上不断吸取的教训。我认为我们合作应该是超越政府间的合作,应该是以人民为基础,我们所研究的内容,我们所从事的生意,我们送获得的知识,我们所进行的体育比赛,所有这些桥梁必须是年轻人共同合作建立起来,这就是我为什么非常高兴我们要大大的宣布我们到中国学习的留学生人数,要增加到10万人。这样交流就会表现出我们是愿意致力于加强两国人民的联系,而且我是绝对有信心。对美国来说,最好的大使、最好的使者就是年轻人,他们和你们一样,很有才能,充满活力,对未来的历史还是很乐观的,这是我们合作的下一步,惠及两国和全世界。

今天可以吸收的一个最重要的内容就是我们不断地向前推进。非常感谢。现在欢迎各位提问题。

7.奥巴马竞选演讲全文 篇七

几乎与此同时,另一段关于奥巴马的视频也被发布到网上,并引起了轩然大波。这段视频摄于1991年,当时第一位获得哈佛终身教职的黑人教授德里克·贝尔组织了一场集会,抗议哈佛拒绝授予一位黑人女教授终身职位,时年30岁的奥巴马参加了这次抗议活动,并且表现得相当激进。

随后,美国知名的保守派博主布赖特巴特也声称要公布一段奥巴马大学时期更富有种族主义色彩的视频,还扬言这段视频将使奥巴马竞选失利。但戏剧性的是,就在宣布这一消息几天后,他却突然在街上晕倒,随后不治身亡。关于奥巴马出于政治原因派人谋杀这位博主的阴谋论一时四起,但目前警方的调查显示,布赖特巴特很可能死于“自然原因”。

2009年1月20日,奥巴马作为美国历史上第一个非洲裔总统入主白宫,引起全球轰动。在曾经种族歧视根深蒂固的美国,这无疑是一个伟大的历史性突破,也是美国民权运动的一大胜利。同时,这对美国社会、特别是种族问题会产生什么样影响,也成为国际舆论关注的焦点。

美国分析家们普遍认为,奥巴马之所以被接受,最大的优势并非是他的黑人身份,而是他强调的超越种族的能力。他反复向公众提及父亲是肯尼亚的黑人,母亲是白人,继父是印尼人,他出生在夏威夷,在印尼雅加达受过教育,后来进入白人占多数的精英学校哈佛接受教育。他一直强调自己代表的就是美国人,强调自己带来的是全新的变化(change),不是服务于哪个族裔的变化。

正因为奥巴马超越了他的黑人身份,才获得了许多中产阶级白人、尤其是年轻人的支持。

奥巴马被迫亮出出生证明

但奥巴马上台以来发生的一些事件显示,种族歧视的阴影依然笼罩在许多美国人的心中。南卡罗来纳众议员威尔逊曾对奥巴马出言不逊,美国前总统卡特因此指出,种族主义依然存在,并已经浮到表面,因为许多白人,不仅在南方,而是在全美国,都相信非裔美国人不够资格领导这个国家。

卡特的讲话直接触动了美国社会最敏感的神经,遭到了共和党人的激烈批评。2011年8月16日,英国《每日电讯报》报道,美国得克萨斯州州长、共和党总统候选人里克·佩里(Rick Perry)公开攻击总统奥巴马,称奥巴马是“美国的最大威胁”。

《时代》周刊记者哈波林与《纽约杂志》记者海里曼合著的有关2008年总统大选的新书《游戏改变》,披露了民主党国会参议院领袖雷德曾经在大选期间于

私下场合说:奥巴马会当选,因为奥巴马是“浅肤色”非裔,而且没有“黑人腔”。虽然事件以雷德的道歉很快平复,但是人们依然可以感觉到这其中的种族歧视色彩,不在于雷德或者其他什么人是否应该注意言辞,而是在于他们心中这样想。

奥巴马的混合血统时时困扰着他。面对种种压力,2011年4月27日,奥巴马迈出不同寻常的一步,公开了自己的完整出生证,以反驳自2008年大选以来围绕他种族问题的阴谋论。奥巴马表示,他发布相关信息,是因为旷日持久的辩论分散了美国人对更严重问题(包括长期赤字削减计划和汽油价格不断上涨)的注意力。他说:“我们没有时间可以浪费在这种蠢事上。”

奥巴马的出生地风波可以追溯到2008年6月10日,当时美国保守派网站“世界网络日报”刊登了一篇文章,对奥巴马的出生地提出质疑,认为奥巴马可能出生在美国之外,不是美国本土出生的公民,因而没有资格竞选美国总统。随着2012年美国新一轮总统选举临近,有意参加美国总统竞选的纽约地产大亨唐纳·特朗普在接受美国国家广播公司采访时,再次抛出了奥巴马的出生问题:“我很愿意提供我的纳税申报单,我想我会把它和奥巴马的出生证联系在一起。”

事实上,为平息“世界网络日报”的质疑,奥巴马竞选委员会早在2008年6月就公布了奥巴马出生证的电子版,上面有夏威夷州卫生部的公章,内容显示奥巴马于1961年8月4日下午7时24分出生在檀香山。

从美国法律的角度来说,这个争论毫无意义。无论奥巴马是否出生在美国,他都是合法的美国公民,都有资格竞选美国总统。美国《宪法》第二条规定,“只有美国出生的公民或美国公民才有资格竞选美国总统一职。”1790年和1795年,国会通过法案,对此作出了进一步说明:“美国公民的后代被视为美国出生的公民。”

如果不是出生在美国本土的公民就不能当总统,那么奥巴马上次的竞选对手麦凯恩也没有资格,因为他的父亲曾在海军服役,他就是父亲驻守巴拿马运河时在那里出生的。

总统的牧师惹出大麻烦

在美国社会,“种族”这个词是非常敏感的,像一个很难痊愈的伤口,每每在关键时刻就脆弱得要爆发出来。对奥巴马来说,他参选并当选总统所引发的种族问题争论不仅源自他的肤色、他的出身地,也源于他的“精神导师”赖特的种族言论。

赖特牧师所在的教堂在黑人信徒中拥有很大影响力,奥巴马入主白宫之前的20年多年里,一直参加这个教堂的活动,他的婚礼、两个女儿的洗礼都是由赖特牧师主持的。

2008年3月13日,美国ABC电视台《美国你早》节目播出了赖特牧师以前布道时一些仇恨白人和反美的激情演讲片段。全美国顿时一片哗然,引起激烈议论。比如,对于“9·11”事件,赖特说,“我们轰炸了广岛,我们轰炸了长崎,我们的原子弹炸死的人远远超过纽约和五角大楼的几千人,我们从来没有眨一下眼睛。我们支持国家恐怖主义来对付巴勒斯坦人和南非黑人,而现在我们却义愤填膺了,因我们在海外所做的一切现在返回到我们自己的前院。美国正得到报应。”他还说黑人应该谴责美国:“还想让我们高唱《上帝保佑美国》?不,不,不。不是《上帝保佑美国》,是《上帝谴责美国》!”

莱特牧师一直是奥巴马竞选的坚决拥护者,他在2007年的圣诞布道中还直接用种族问题攻击奥巴马的对手希拉里,他说:“希拉里生活在由富裕的白人所控制的国家和文化中,奥巴马知道这意味着什么,希拉里却从未了解它,希拉里也从未被人叫过‘黑鬼’。” 赖特的观点在美国引起轩然大波,他对种族问题的激烈态度,让许多美国人、尤其白人选民立刻联想到,奥巴马是否也持有同样想法,对他是否可以超越“黑白”界线相当怀疑。

针对外界的怀疑,2008年3月18日,奥巴马在美国宪法诞生地——费城宪法中心发表演讲,他说:“赖特牧师布道中所犯的严重错误不是因为他谈到了我们社会中的种族歧视,而是他把我们的社会看成是静止不变的,宛若从未获得任何进步。宛若这个国家,使它的成员能够参加竞选全国的最高职位并且建立了白人和黑人、拉丁裔人和亚洲裔人、富人和穷人、年轻人和老年人的联盟的国家,永远无法摆脱它的悲惨过去。”奥巴马宣称,美国是有变革能力的,这是这个国家强有力的特征,“事实上,白人中的一部分也存在着相似的愤怒。大部分属于蓝领和中产阶级的美国白人并不觉得由于身为白人而享有什么特权。他们的人生经历和移民的人生经历没有两样——就他们而论,没人给过他们任何好处,他们都得靠白手起家。”

奥巴马接着又表示,“尽管赖特可能不够完美,但他曾像我的家人一样。他加深了我的信仰,主持了我的婚礼,为我的孩子行洗礼。我无法脱离他,就像无法脱离我的黑人社区一样,就像无法脱离我的白人外祖母一样。”

但《纽约时报》和福克斯电视台却反复强调奥巴马演讲中的一句话:“我的外祖母在街上遇见黑人都会感到紧张,因为她是一个典型的白人。”这些媒体认为奥巴马用“典型的白人”这种词汇,表现了他对白人的敌意。《华尔街日报》的评论员罗·凯斯勒认为:“奥巴马显然至少赞成赖特牧师的一些观点,否则他不会选择去他的教堂。”

嘴里平等,心中不平等

美国的白人优等意识不是在接触黑人后才产生的,而是盎格鲁-萨克逊文化中早已沉淀下来的自我认同心理。当英格兰人最初接触到非洲大陆的黑人时,自然立刻意识到他们之间存在着人种和文化上的强烈反差。当两种异质文化接触并发生碰撞之时,居于主导性的文化, 必然以自身的尺度衡量处于弱势的文化。英格兰人一手拿着镣铐,一手拿着《圣经》,招呼这些“野蛮人”:“非洲人, 不要拒绝我们,我们给你们带来了福音。”

种族歧视和种族偏见,还与美国长时间存在的奴隶制有很大的关系。1860年12月,南方的南卡罗来纳州首先宣布脱离联邦而独立,接着密西西比、佛罗里达等蓄奴州也相继脱离联邦。1861年2月,他们宣布成立一个“美利坚邦联”,推举大种植园主杰弗逊·戴维斯为总统,还制定了“宪法”,宣布黑人奴隶制是南方联盟的立国基础:“黑人不能和白人平等,黑人奴隶劳动是自然的、正常的状态。”

理论上,林肯总统在1863年的《黑人解放宣言》中,已经宣布所有黑人获得了自由,并且还分给他们赖以生存的土地,黑人在法律和政治上作为奴隶的历史已经结束。然而,奴隶制的影响力不可能会随着制度的清除而消失。

黑人因为穷困及受教育程度较低,为求生存,必须再度依靠白人雇用,特别是当联邦军队撤出南方后,黑人地位又陷入类似美国内战前的状况。1896年,美国联邦最高法院对“普莱西诉弗格森案”作出判决,确立对黑人实行“隔离但平等”的措施,判决中有关“隔离”的部分执行得十分徹底,但有关“平等”的部分则不然。

这之后很长一段时间里,黑人几乎在一切社会活动中都必须和白人隔离开来。1954年联邦最高法院在“布朗诉教育委员会”一案中,判定公立学校应该要“种族混合”,这标志着在历经58年后,种族隔离的法律正式被废除。

以此为起点,上世纪60年代大规模的黑人民权运动开始了。1963年8月,黑人民权运动到达顶峰,马丁·路德·金在华盛顿的林肯纪念馆前广场上发表著名演说《我有一个梦想》,迫使国会在翌年通过民权法案,宣布种族隔离和歧视政策为非法。但1968年,金遇刺身亡,表明美国的黑人地位问题并不会因为法律的制定而迅速改善。

在今天的美国,黑人地位确实得到了很大改善,种族主义言行被严格禁止。异族通婚已越来越被接受,没有任何一项法律和政治制度含有种族主义的内容。种族问题成为了美国政治中一个非常敏感的议题,任何一位政治人物都不敢在公开场合表现出一点点对黑人的不满。前两年,共和党前参议院多数党领袖洛特就因为在黑人问题上发表不当言论被迫辞职。甚至,在很多方面黑人还享有一定的特权,例如在公立大学里,黑人学生和黑人教授必须保持在一定的比例。

然而,在实际生活中,或者在人们没有表达出的内心世界里,黑人并未完全获得平等的地位。普通黑人的生活水平还是和白人相距甚远。华盛顿的智囊机构布鲁金斯学会对2300户家庭30年的收入数据进行了分析后指出,美国黑人家庭和白人家庭之间的收入差距不仅没有缩小,反而在进一步扩大。现在美国普遍的情况是经济发展好的地方,黑人就少,而黑人多的地方往往经济比较落后。比如美国著名的汽车城底特律,以前80%是白人,现在经济衰落了,变成85%是黑人。黑人人口多的地区,好的学校很少,工作岗位存在种族歧视。

作者生活过的华盛顿特区,是美国黑人比例最高的城市。但是最好的学区,几乎都在以白人或亚洲人为主的社区。美国电视中关于黑人的新闻报道仍然比较少,除非是种族冲突,这显示着黑人仍然在主流社会的关注圈外。

哈佛大学法学院的黑人教授查尔斯·奥格莱特里说:“从一些象征性的现象来看,每天,你都可以看到在种族问题上的进步,但当你看看《财富》杂志里的500 家大公司,当你看看财富的积累情况,当你看看权力的分配情况,你会发现非洲裔美国人顶多算得上二流水平。”

(徐步:北京大学国际战略研究中心理事,武汉大学兼职教授)

上一篇:2023暑假打工心得下一篇:冬天需要注意的

热搜文章

    相关推荐