新编大学英语3教案

新编大学英语3教案（精选6篇）

1.新编大学英语3教案 篇一

新编大学英语3课后翻译

1)你应该适当花一点时间休息和锻炼。You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising.2)总的来说，孩子们比过去任何时候都更健康，受到了更好的教育。In general, children are healthier and better educated than ever before.3)待适当的机会来临，他就能抓住。When the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it.4)每天他都留出点时间跟家人在一起，享受生活。Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life.5)我记得那些黑暗的街道以及同父亲手拉手走路的情景。I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father.6)他最终辜负了父母的期望。He finally failed to live up to his parents’ expectations.Unit 2)on it.为我们准备了一顿丰盛的饭菜).3)Ann(信誓旦旦地保证)that she would never tell.4)Could you(把这封信送到)to the accounts department? 精选的牛奶巧克力和纯巧克力).(别胡闹).7)We could hear 远处打雷的声音).(虽然他喝酒太多).Unit 3

1)由于紧急情况，这位医生几小时内都没有空。Because of an emergency, the doctor will not be available for several hours.2)税收将会如何影响低收入的人群？ How will taxes affect people with low incomes?

3)我母亲总是告诉我，从长远来看我会很高兴我没有放弃练钢琴。My mother always told me that in the long run I would be glad I didn’t give up practicing the piano.4)这些书的价格从10美元到20美元不等。These books range in price from $10 to $20.5)在我看来你没有什么选择。It seems to me that you don’t have much choice.6)考虑到他们缺乏经验，这工作他们已经做得相当不错。Given their inexperience, they have done quite a good job.7)对这么一幢大房子来说这价格相当便宜，但你得考虑维修所需要的钱。For such a big house the price is fairly cheap / low, but you’ve got to take into consideration the money you will spend on repairs.8)我们能否从讨论上次会议产生的问题开始？Can we begin with discussing questions / problems arising from the last meeting.Unit 4

1)几年前他心脏动了一次大手术。He underwent a major heart surgery several years ago.2)我们估计完成这项工作要花一个星期。We estimated that it would take a week to finish the work.3)我过去喜爱摄影，但我现在没有时间从事任何业余爱好了。I used to enjoy photography, but I now have no time to pursue any hobbies.4)你可以爱一个人而不一定要跟他结婚。You may love someone but not necessarily have to marry him.5)恐怖分子（terrorist）采用暴力手段以达到他们的政治目的。Terrorists resorttoviolencetoachievetheir political aims.6.他说他下午会呆在办公室里，以便万一你要见他。He says he will stay in the office this afternoon in case you want to see him.7)科学家已确定了造成畸形发育的基因。Scientists have identified the gene that causes abnormal growth.8.这些例子显明了有些学生的简历写得多么差。These examples demonstrate how badly some students write their resumes.Unit 5

1)看到所有的人在办公室外走来走去，我变得更焦虑了。Seeing all the people walking to and fro outside the office, I became more worried.2)最终他会明白谁是他真正的朋友。In time he will see who is his true friend.3）那位科学家的实验产生了一种新药。That scientist’s experiment gave birth to a new drug.4）大半个冬天他都因病被困在屋里。He had been shut in by illness during much of the winter.5)他们一有机会就会练习英语口语。They would practice spoken English at the first opportunity.6)她所珍爱的一切或许会在一夜之间化为乌有。Everything she valued might be swept away overnight.7)临近学期结束时，同学们都忙着准备考试。Towards the close of the term, all the students are busy preparing for the finals.8）这么冷的冬天，我们渴望它快点过去。It is a very cold winter and we long for it to be over.Unit 6

1)每当她姨妈来访的时候，她总是表现不好。She always behaves badly when her aunt comes to visit.2)要不是你们的帮助，我们不会准时完成任务。If it hadn’t been for your help, we wouldn’t have been able to finish the task in time.3)我劝他别去东海岸，因为那里到处都是游客。I warned him off going to the east coast because it was full of tourists.4)东西便宜并不见得质量就低劣。The fact that something is cheap doesn’t necessarily mean it is of low quality.5)如果没有人可以求教，就难以做出恰当的选择。Without anyone to turn to for help, making an appropriate choice can be difficult.6)他用音乐表现了他失去妻子的悲痛。His sadness at the death of his wife found expression in his music.7)只有彼得去参加晚会她才会去。Only if Peter goes to the evening party will she go.8)我只能把这次经历比作一场噩梦。I can only compare the experience to a nightmare.

2.新编大学英语3教案 篇二

关键词：新编实用英语,as,状语,定语

湖北国土资源职业学院自2000年申办高职以来, 一直沿用高教社出版的高职高专系列英语教材, 从《实用英语》到《新编英语》, 再到《新编实用英语》。笔者认为, 到目前为止, 《新编实用英语》是最适合我院师生的一套教材。

在实施教学的过程中, 笔者发现, 该教材中as重复出现的频率很高, 由于语义多样、用法灵活, 使得许多同学在学习过程中, 解读起来感到有障碍, 经常会出现理解上的偏差。下面就以《新编实用英语》 (第二版) 为例, 列举该教材中所出现的as用法, 并加以总结和归纳, 以帮助同学们学习备考, 现从五个方面分述如下:

1 as作连词, 常用来连接主句和状语从句

该功能在教材中出现的频率最高, 尤其是作方式状语:

1) 引导方式状语从句, 作“正如, (如) 像”解。

In many instances it is the inviter who pays, as one wouldexpect, but in some instances each one pays his or her owncheck:You“go Dutch”.

在许多情形下, 一般认为应由邀请人付账单, 但是有时各付各的账。

句中as one would expect意为“正如人们所期望的那样”。 (Book 2, p8)

As Leonard says, “Where children go, their mothers will fol-low.”

正如蒂斯所说:“孩子们到哪里, 母亲就会跟到哪里”。 (Book 2, p139) 2)

2) 引导时间状语从句, 作“当…的时候”解, 有“随着…”之意。

注意:as与when, while都是引导时间状语从句的从属连词, 含义都是”当……的时候”。但它们有区别:用when时, 从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生, 也可以先于主句的动作发生;用while时, 从句的动作为一过程, 主句动作与从句动作同时进行或在从句动作过程中发生;用as时, 主句和从句的动作同时发生, 具有延续的含义。例如:

It was snowing when he arrived at the construction site.

他到达工地时, 天正下着雪。

He was watching TV while his mother was cooking.

他母亲做饭时他在看电视。

New slang has been invented in recent years by students, es-pecially as they get access to the Internet and chat online.

近年来, 学生们发明了新的俚语, 尤其会用在他们上网聊天时。 (Book 2, p19)

As almost every conceivable contact between human beingsgets automated, the alienation index goes up.

随着人们之间几乎每一种联系都变得自动化起来, 疏远的指数就上升。 (Book 2, p42)

3) 引导原因状语从句。

注意:As, because, since都可以表示因果关系, 连接原因状语从句, 含义是“因为, 由于”, 但他们有区别:because表示的语气最强:as一般放在句首, 语气较弱, 较口语化;since常常用在书面语中, 表示多为对方已知的, 或稍加分析便可得知的原因, 有时可译作“既然”。例如:

He will succeed because he is in earnest.

他一定会成功, 因为他很认真。

Since you are so sure of it he’ll believe you.

既然你对此如此有把握, 他会相信你的。

The ability to remain anonymous leads to a kind of cheatingas lying about personal identity is perfectly acceptable and consid-ered normal in chatrooms.

因为隐瞒个人身份是完全被接受的, 也被认为是正常的, 所以不透露姓名会引起某种欺骗。 (Book 2, p29)

4) 引导比较状语从句, 在“as…as…”结构中的第二个as是连词, 其基本结构为:as+adj./adv.+as。

You have to be able to“stand as straight as a pine tree, sitas square as a stone, and move as quickly as a gust of wind”.

你必须得能够做到“站如松, 坐如磐, 行如风”。 (Book 1, p97) The Arch is over twice as tall as the Statue of Liberty.

The Arch is over twice as tall as the Statue of Liberty.

大拱门的高度是自由女神像高度的两倍多。 (Book 2, p99)

5) 引导让步状语从句。as although (though) h

as与although (或though) , however (或no matter how) 等都可以引导让步状语从句, 含义是“虽然, 尽管”, 但它们有区别:although语气稍正式些, 可放在句首, 也可放在句中, 主句中不能再用but, 但可以用yet;as所表示的语气较强, 引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序;however引导让步状语从句时, 它的后面可跟形容词或副词, 也要用倒装语序。例如:

We need to check the information, though we think it is cor-rect.

我们需要核对这条信息, 尽管我们相信它是正确的。 (Workbook 2, p91)

Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident.

这次意外虽然显得令人不可思议, 却没有人受伤。

However hard she tried, she never seems able to do thework satisfactorily.

尽管她做出了努力, 但她似乎从来未能够令人满意地完成任务。 (Workbook 2, p91)

2 as作介词

1) 作“如, 像”解。

I was very relieved and grateful for the kindness I’d experi-enced from so many people who’d treated me like a friend inneed and not just as a foreigner.

我松了一口气, 心里充满感激, 我感受到他们的善良, 他们把我当成患难中的朋友, 而不只是把我当成一个外国人。

句中like和as都是介词, 且都是being的意思, 都作方式状语。 (Book 1, p45)

2) 作“充当, 作为, 以…身份”解。

I don’t like the traditional custom of giving money as a NewYear’s gift.Book 1, p29

我不喜欢新年送钱作为礼物的习俗。 (Book 1, p29)

As our guest, you will receive the best in service and quality.Book 2, p65

作为我们的客人, 您将得到最优质的服务。 (Book 2, p65)

3 作副词, 表示程度, 意为“同样地”

在“as…as…”结构中的第一个as是副词, 作“和/与… (不) 一样”解。例如:

You have to be able to“stand as straight as a pine tree, sitas square as a stone, and move as quickly as a gust of wind”.The Arch is over twice as tall as the Statue of Liberty.

The Arch is over twice as tall as the Statue of Liberty.

4 as作关系代词

1) 引导限制性定语从句, 用在“such…as”, “the same…as”, “as…as”等结构中, 常译作“像…一样的人 (或物) ”, “凡是…的人 (或物) ”。例如:

He never hesitates to make such criticisms as are consideredhelpful to others.

他从不犹豫指出对他人有益的批评。 (Book 2, p70)

Meeting new friends in real life is not the same as doing soonline.

现实生活中结交新朋友与网上结交新朋友不是一码事。 (Book 2, p30)

2) 引导非限制性定语从句, 用来指代它前面的整个句子 (即先行句) , 意思是“这一点”。这个分句可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如:

As is well known, oceans cover more than 70%of the earth.

我们知道, 海洋占地球面积的百分之七十以上。

5 含as的固定词组的用法

1) as a matter of fact作“其实;事实上”解。

As a matter of fact, your gift would be appreciated all themore if you make it yourself.

事实上, 如果你送给他们的礼物是自己动手做的而不是从商店买的, 他们会对这份礼物更加珍爱。 (Book 2, p25)

2) as long as作“只要”解, 在句中作条件状语从句。

It’s supposed to cloud over this afternoon.Well, as long as it doesnt rain.Book1p71

Well, as long as it doesn’t rain. (Book1, p71)

3) as soon as作“一…就…”解, 引导时间状语从句。

I myself am planning to set up a martial arts school in myhome country as soon as I complete my study in China.

我自己就计划在中国学习结束之后回家乡建一所武术学校。 (Book 1, p98)

4) as if/作“好像, 仿佛”解, 常用来引导方式状语从句。如果从句中讲的是非真实情况, 则用虚拟语气。例如:

Being the only non-Asian person on the boat, this drewquite a few curious looks, and finally as small group of peoplegathered around me and watched me write as if I were a sidewalkartist drawing portraits of passersby.

由于船上只有我一个不是亚洲人, 这招来很多好奇的目光, 最后竟有一群人聚集在我的身旁, 他们看着我写东西, 就像看一个给过路行人画画的街头艺人一样。 (Book 1, p44)

His voice had a surprising tone of respect, almost as if hewere addressing the Supreme Court instead of a group of young-sters.

他的声音里带有一种令人惊讶的尊敬口吻, 仿佛是在高等法院发表演说, 而不是面对一帮青年在讲话。 (Book 2, p115)

5) so as to作“以便;为的是”解, 后跟动词原形, 表示目的或结果。句中第一个as是介词, 意为“作为”。

So, as a host, whenever there is an activity, you should cometo the place ahead of schedule so as to wait for the guests tocome.

所以说, 主人在搞活动时要提前到场, 等待客人光临。 (Book 1, p59)

6) as far…as意为“远到…;直到…为止”。

south as San Francisco.

预计明天沿西海岸向南直至旧金山有阵雨。 (Book1, p76)

7) as much as意为“多达…”, “达到…之多”。

For example, the opportunities for people to mepend a lot on the weather, so you won’t see people meeting andspending time together outdoors as much as you do in warmercountries.

举个例子来说吧, 人们在外面见面的机会很大程度上取决于天气, 因此你会注意到这里的人们外出见面或在外面共度时光的机会没有你在炎热的国家里见到的那样多。 (Book 1, p80)

8) as good as意为“和…一样好”。

I was almost as good as the top three in swimming and run-ning, but much slower at cycling.

我在游泳和长跑方面与前三名运动员不相上下, 但是骑车速度就相形见绌了。 (Book 1, p94)

9) as well as作“同 (一样也) ”;“和”;“还”解。

Chinese martial arts are a unique culture as well as a goodform of exercise.

中国武术既是一种良好的健身运动, 又是一种独特的文化。

句中as well as意为“不但…而且;既…又…”, 原句可改写为

Chinese martial arts are not only a good form of exercise, but also a unique culture. (Book1, p100)

10) Regard…as意为“把…看作是/当作是”。

Not all people who practice Chinese martial arts have a deepenough understanding of them.Some regard them as physicalmovement.

并非所有练习武术的人都对中国武术有深刻的理解。有人把武术仅仅当作一种健身的手段。 (Book, p97)

11) as to作“至于, 关于”解。例如:

People have different ideas as to who should be responsiblefor the accident.

至于谁应该对这起交通事故负责任, 人们有不同看法。 (Book 1, p114)

12) work as意为“担任”, 句中第二个as引导时间状语从句。

Maria, a Mexican-American student, who worked as a tempo-rary secretary in the department when others left for their holi-days, must have seen me as I left the mailbox with disappoint-ment showing on my face.

由于其他人都离开学校去度假了, 一位名叫玛丽亚的美籍墨西哥裔学生, 在系里担任临时秘书, 她一定是看到了我离开邮箱时流露在脸上的沮丧。

(Book 1, p117) 13) act as

13) act as意为“担任, 担当, 作为”。

Maria’s father could only speak Spanish, so he talked to mewhile Maria’s sister acted as an interpreter.

玛丽亚的父亲只会说西班牙语, 因此, 他跟我谈话时就由玛丽亚的妹妹当翻译。 (Book 1, p117)

14) such as是固定搭配, 意为“像;例如”。

They may get hurt in certain activities such as bungee jump-ing and mountain climbing.

他们可能在蹦极和登山等活动中受伤。 (Book 1, p131)

15) as with意为“as it is the case with…, “和…一样”强调两者相同。

As with Western medicine, some Chinese herbal treatmentscould have a satisfactory result without any danger or side effects.

同西药一样, 一些中草药的疗效很令人满意, 同时又没有任何风险和副作用。 (Book 1, p132)

16) as a result, as a result of表示“由于…的结果”。

As a result, we are able to carry on some of our most impor-tant projects, and thousands of trees were distributed to the cityresidents for planting, thus contributing to the beauty and bril-liance of our city for years to come.

其结果使我们能够继续推行一些重要计划, 将数千棵树分发给市民去种植, 为今后的年月里我市市容的美化和增辉做出贡献。 (Book2, p119)

注: (Book 2, p82) 意为“《新编实用英语》第二册, 第82页”。 (Workbook 2, p91) 意为“《新编实用英语学学·练练·考考》第二册, 第页”

参考文献

[1]姜怡, 姜欣.新编实用英语综合教程1[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2002.

[2]姜怡, 姜欣.新编实用英语教师参考书1[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2002.

[3]姜怡, 姜欣.新编实用英语综合教程2[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2002.

[4]姜怡, 姜欣.新编实用英语教师参考书2[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2002.

3.新编大学英语3教案 篇三

Innovative

communication

system;Globalization of the economy;Changes in immigration patterns 2.Three major socio-cultural elements influence communication are: cultural

values;

worldview(religion);

social organization(family and state).3.Nonverbal behavior: gestures, postures, facial expressions, eye contact and gaze, touch(Chinese people are reluctant to express their disproval openly for fear of making others lose face.)4.Six stumbling blocks in Intercultural communication

(1)Assumption of similarities

(2)Language differences

(3)Nonverbal misinterpretations

(4)Preconception and stereotypes先入之见 刻板印象

(5)Tendency to evaluate

(6)High anxiety Unit 2 Culture and Communication 1.Characteristics of Culture: Culture is learned;Culture is a set of shared interpretations;Culture involves Beliefs, Values, and Norms(规范，准则);Culture Affects Behaviors;Culture involves Large Groups of people 2.Cultural identity文化身份 refers to one’s sense of belonging to a particular culture or ethnic group.People consciously identify themselves with a group that has a shared system of symbols and meanings as well as norms for conduct.3.Characteristics of Cultural Identity：Cultural identity is central to a person’s sense of self.Cultural identity is dynamic（动态的）.Cultural identity is also multifaceted（多方面的）components of one’s self-concept.4.Intercultural communication defined: Intercultural communication refers to communication between people whose cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event.5.Elements of communication: Context;Participants;Message;Channels;Noise;Feedback

Unit 3 Cultural Diversity 1.Define worldview and religion

Worldview: deals with a culture’s most fundamental beliefs about the place in the cosmos（宇宙）, beliefs about God, and beliefs about the nature of humanity and nature.Religion: refers to belief in and reverence for a supernatural power or powers regarded as creator and a governor of the universe.Three major religions :

a.Christian Religions Groups（基督教的）

b.Islam（伊斯兰教）c.Buddhism（佛教）

2.Human nature:(1)is evil but perfectible

(2)is a mixture of good and evil

(3)good but corruptible(易腐化的)

3.Relationship of Man to Nature:(1)subjugation to nature

(2)harmony with nature

(3)

mastery with nature

4.新编实用英语教案unit5 篇四

Our weather and Climate I.Teaching objectives

1.2.3.4.5.6.Enlarge vocabulary related to weather and climate.Get some tips about the use of basic sentence structures.Practice writing: describe the weather in form of weather forecast.Appreciate passages and complete exercises well.Practice to understand easy weather forecast.Practice to talk about the weather.II.Key points 1.Master the vocabulary about weather and climate.2.Understand the passages 3.Practice writing: describe the weather in form of forecast.4.Practice to talk about the weather and understand easy weather forecast.III.Difficult points 1.Get some tips about the use of basic sentence structures.2.Practice writing a short weather forecast.3.Appreciate passages and complete exercises well.IV.Teaching methodology

1.Task-based language teaching 2.Direct method V.Teaching procedures Section I Talking Face to Face Imitating Mini-Talks 1.Work in pairs.Practice the following mini-talks about greeting and introducing people.Acting out the Tasks 2.Work in pairs and act out the tasks by following the above mini-talks.Key for reference: 1.Task: Ask for Mark’s comments on the weather.2.Task: Ask about and describe the weather at this time of year.3.Task: Ask Mr.Green about the weather condition tomorrow and plan an activity.4.Task: Talk about the change of the weather from long rainy days.5.Task: Complain about a cold day.Studying Weather Forecasts 3.A weather forecast id a statement that tells the public what the weather condition is going to be.We need to watch weather forecasts on TV or hear them over the radio every day.It is part of our life.Read the following samples of weather forecasts carefully and try to use the information to practice short dialogues.Following Sample Dialogues

4.Read the following sample dialogues and try to perform your own tasks.Putting Language to Use 5.Mr.Parks is talking about the weather of two places in the United States with her students.Read aloud the following dialogue with your partner by putting in the missing words.6.There is going to be s sports meet tomorrow.Bob is worried about the weather and you are talking about it.Fill in the blanks according to the clues given in the brackets.Then act it out with your partner.1.Listen to 10 sentences for workplace communication cross-referenced with their Chinese translations.Script:(e.g)1.It look likes rain.2.Is it going to be fine this weekend?

3.There is a chance of snow this evening.4.Today will be cool and partly cloudy, with a chance of rain this afternoon.5.What’s the temperature today?

2.Listen to the following sentences for workplace communication in Column A and match each one with its Chinese version in Column B.3.Listen to 6 sentences for workplace communication and choose their right responses.Handling a Dialogue 4.Listen to a dialogue and decode the message by finding out the correct choices in the brackets according to what you have heard.Understanding a Short Speech/Talk 5.Now listen to a short speech/talk and fill up the blanks according to what you have heard.The words in brackets will give you some hints.6.Listen to the speech/talk again and complete the information in Column A with the right choices in Column B.Section III Trying Your Hand Practicing Applied Writing 1.Read the following two samples of weather report and learn to write your own.2.Translate the following weather forecast into Chinese, using the data bank in the Workbook for reference.3.Write an English weather report according to the information given in Chinese.Writing Sentences and Reviewing Grammar 4.Analyze the following sentences to see what tense they belong to.5.Correct the errors in the following sentences.6.Translate the following sentences into English.Keys for the exercise: 1)The weather was terrible yesterday.In fact, it has been awful.2)She has worked in this office for five years.3)I paid a visit to the Great Wall last year and had a very good time there.4)We have never spoken to each other since we quarreled last time.5)Turn down the TV a bit, the weather forecast hasn’t begun yet.Write and Describe a Picture Write a short passage of about 100 words to tell a story or about an event related to the picture given below.Some useful words and phrases have been provided to help you.Section IV Maintaining a Sharp Eye Passage one

1.Information Related to the Reading Passage 2.Language Points: 3.Explanation of Difficult Sentences 1)

(para.1)Climate change may be a big problem,but there are many little things we can do to make a difference.Analysis: May can be used to introduce concession in putting forward an argument.2)(para.1)As we have learned, these greenhouse gases trap energy in the atmosphere and make the Earth warmer.Analysis:As is often used to introduce an indicator of the information source, such as as we have learned.Similar structure are:as the saying goes,as everyone knows, as you know,as you put it,etc.3)

(para.3)By turning off lights, the television,and the computer when you are through with them, you can help a lot.Analysis: By is followed by a gerund, introducing a prepositional phrase of manner.Note,by is not necessarily always translated as “通过”.4)(para.8)One of the ways to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases that we put into the air is to buy products that don’t use as much energy.Analysis:Two That-clauses are used to serve as post-modifiers of nouns:the first one is that we put into the air, modifying greenhouse gases;The second that-clause is that don’t use as much energy, modifying products.Note: In translation, the noun phrase products that use as much energy can simply be translated into”节能产品”, instead of “不消耗那么多能量的产品”.B.Important Words 1)trap:v store(energy, gas or water,etc.)so that it cannot escape.2)Stand-by:n.Readiness for duty.3)Absorb:v.Take in,sack up(liquid,heat,knowledge,etc.)4)Membership: n.Being a member of(an organization)5)Swell:v.(number or amounts)grow bigger;expand.4.Passage Translation 5.Read and Think: Answer the following questions according to the passage.6.Read and Complete

1)Complete each of the following statements with words or phrases from the passage.2)Fill in the blanks with the proper words or expressions given below, changing the

form if necessary.7.Read and Translate 8.Read and Simulate

Passage two Information Related to the Reading Passage 1.Language Points: A.Explanation of Difficult Sentences 1)(para.1)The most important thing to remember about the weather in Britain is that it often changes.Analysis: To remember about...is the post modifier of the sentence subject the most important thing, and that introduces the complement clause.2)(para.1)As it is not very common in Britain to have long periods when the weather stays the same day after day, the kind of weather you get will depend not only on the time of year, but also on the luck.Analysis: Within the as-clause of reason, there is a relative clause introduced by when and modifying periods.And in its main clause, there is another relative clause you get modifying weather, with the relative that omitted.3)(para.2)For example, the opportunities for people to meet outside depend a lot on the weather, so you won’t see people meeting or spending time together outdoors as much as you do in hotter countries.Analysis: for people to meet outside modifies opportunities.Both meeting or spending time together are the object complement of verb see, and do refers to see...4)(para.3)Foreigners are often amused that the British people spend so much time discussing the weather.Analysis: That is often used to introduce a clause which gives the cause or the effect of an adjective, just like amused in this case.5)(para.4)Another reason is that the British people are reluctant to converse about personal matters with people who are not friends.Analysis:Here that introduces a subject-complement clause, in which a relative who-clause modified people.6)(Para.4)A comment on a nice day or a personal complaint about the rain is an easy way to break the ice.Analysis:Note that when or is used to coordinate two subjects, the verb must agree with the subject after or.To break the ice is an infinitive clause modifying an easy way.B.Important Words 1)depend: v.A.change according to(no passive)

B.Need someone or something for help or to be able to live.2)opportunity:n.A favorable moment or occasion(for doing sth.)3)Outdoors:ad.In the open air 4)Amuse:v.Make someone laugh;cause laughter in 5)Climate: n.The average conditions at a particular place over a period of year.6)Discuss:v.Talk about 7)Variable:a.Changeable, not steady 8)Reluctant:a.Unwilling and therefore perhaps slow to act.9)Converse:v.Talk informally 10)Personally:a.Belonging or relating to a particular person, not to others 11)Social:a.relating to leisure activities that involve meeting other people 12)Comment:v.Make a remark, give an opinion 2.Passage Translation 3.Read and Judge: True/False 4.Read and Translate: Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1)the most important thing to remember about British is the weather.2)People in Britain can enjoy the lovely weather most of the year.3)British people tend to talk about weather quite a lot.4)It is quite common in Britain for people to comment on a rainy day or an lovely day at a bus stop.5)The eating habits of people in Britain have a lot to do with the weather conditions there.6)The best we may use to describe the weather in Britain is “predictable”.7)The variable weather explains why British people talk a lot about it.8)Talking about weather is an inoffensive way to begin a conversation with a stranger in Britain.Section V Appreciating Culture Tips

5.新编日语教程2--3翻译答案 篇五

在新年的气氛刚刚消失的时候，迎来了日本的成人仪式。成人仪式是在每年1月的第2个星期天举行。身着西装的男性，和身着和服的女性的身影格外引人注目。男性中也有穿和服的。总而言之，都分外漂亮。

问了一下日本朋友松岛，她说她也在成人仪式的时候穿了和服。

我也是个女孩子，所以很向往日本的和服。要是什么时候，有机会穿和服就好了。“成人仪式大家都身着盛装，真是漂亮。”

38课

在日本，在2月3日有【季分】这样一个活动。所谓【季分】以前是表示春夏秋冬的季节分界的意思，但现在专指2月3日这一天。在这一天人们会一边喊着“鬼出去，福进来”，一边撒豆子。

撒豆子把鬼（晦气）赶出去的风俗，从8世纪的文武天皇的时代，在宫中就已经流行了。但更让我意外的是，据说这个撒豆子的风俗是从中国传来的。

但在我的故乡没有这样的风俗。到了日本，看到了在中国已经失去的文化习俗。“用豆子把鬼赶出去。”

39课

2月14日是从欧美起源，进而成为全世界的“情人节”的日子。在中国，这几年年轻人也开始过情人节，二战之后的日本，由于受到美国的深远影响，很早就有过情人节的传统。

可是日本的情人节的过法和美国以及欧洲有很大的不同。在欧美，原来是基督教的一个活动，是男女可以自由表达爱意的一个日子，可是在日本，情人节是女性向男性告白的日子。另外，作为告白的纪念，一定要送巧克力。这是以巧克力为主打商品的点心制造商的精心策划的商业化情人节。

由此，日本的情人节衍生了一个全世界少见的习惯，那就是“白色情人节”。即2月14日收到巧克力的男性要在一个月后的3月14日，还赠女性白色巧克力。这也一定是点心制造商的阴谋吧。

“在日本，女性要送男性巧克力。”

40课

日本的3月是毕业的季节。在我们的日语学校也举行了毕业典礼。去年4月以来在日语学校一直照顾我的丹尼尔学长，3月底也要离开东京，回英国去了。我则决定在东京再学习半年。也就是要为丹尼尔送行了

丹尼尔在最后告诉我说，最好要学习日语的敬语。去年和今年成绩都优异的丹尼尔作为学生代表要在毕业典礼上发言。据说在必须对老师们用敬语的场合下，因为平时不太用敬语，到那时就会紧张出差错。

还有半年时间，我要学好敬语，这样就可以用敬语有礼貌地和田中老师对话了。“仰视尊师，感其恩情。”

1课

日语学校的教科书每年要有变化。虽然学习日语已经是第二年了，但还是不太好。想起去年刚来日本的时候，偶然碰到丹尼尔的事情。我的日语比起当时的丹尼尔来真是逊色不少。所以为了复习日语，春假也顾不上出去玩。陈敏说：“用不着这么认真。”不过我想至少要好好的复习一下单词部分。随着课程的深入，日语也会变难。从3月中旬到4月初日本放春假。这段相当长的时间是复习的绝好机会。田中老师给我的建议是：“依我看，最好是做题。”我对陈敏说：“春家是我们一起复习吧。”

2课

新学期马上就要开始了。但是今年的樱花还没开。知道这个时期还看不到樱花真是令人难以置信。据说最近在东京一直不断的刮偏北风，所以樱花都没开。

去年刚来日本的时候，我心里非常不安。樱花却以其美丽的姿态来欢迎我。对于我来说，在春天的开学仪式时樱花的盛开有一种特别的意义。

大家约好一起去赏樱花的事情也延期了。我们是那样的期待，真是太遗憾了。不过田中老师和我们约定，因为赏花延期了，所以没赏玩花就不考试。

现在，我期待着能和樱花再次相会。我决定耐心地等待樱花盛开的那一天。

3课

新学期开始了，公布了新的班级。因为我运气好，通过了日语能力考试三级，所以进入了新的中级班。同班同学中，像小金啦小陈这样面熟的朋友有很多。而且，今年也是在田中老师的指导下学习日语。

延期一个星期的赏花也很开心。当然回到英国的丹尼尔没有参加。虽然很寂寞。但新的朋友代替丹尼尔加入了进来。她就是斯里兰卡人玛诺里。听说她在斯里兰卡学过戏剧。在樱花树下，他为我们表演的舞蹈真是精彩。

赏花结束后，就有一个检查春假复习状况的考试。听说会根据考试结果，考虑重新分班。我想，不仅是为了想留在现在的班级，既然要考试就要好好努力。

4课

我来日本以后，一直在学校的宿舍生活。宿舍里学校很近，所以非常便于学习。但是，日本的留学生活不仅仅是学习，打工也是生活中很重要的一部分。必须一边学习一边工作。

从去年开始，我一直在做中文教师，但实际上从春假之前也开始在超市工作了。做教师接触的日本人是有限。通过在超市的工作，我想学习日本人的工作方法和接待客人的态度。

去超市必须坐电车去。因此我在车站旁边找了房子。和宿舍比起来，虽然离学校远了点，但相反的，因为是在车站旁边，所以生活很方便。到学校只要一辆公交车就行了。

我曾听说过东京的房租是世界上最高的。一个人租一室户的话价钱比较贵，所以我和正好要找房子的美香两个人合租了两室一厅的房子。美香是松岛的朋友藤原的妹妹，非常可爱的女大学生。和美香一起生活的话，我期待自己的口语能力能得到提高。

从今年的四月份开始，我的新的日本生活就要开始了。

5课

期盼已久的公寓生活终于开始了。每天和同屋美香快乐地生活着。例如，两个人每天轮流做饭。美香一般做咖喱饭、牛肉饼等西式料理，我做中国菜。

但是，公寓生活并不是只有开心的事情。在日本，扔垃圾的时间是被限定好的。所以必须在垃圾回收车来之前把垃圾扔出去。而且，根据垃圾的种类扔的日期也有所不同。

垃圾的种类大致可分为“可燃垃圾”、“不可燃垃圾”、“资源（再利用）垃圾”、“大的非可燃垃圾”这四大类。例如，“可燃垃圾”里包括厨房扔掉的含有水分的垃圾，但一周只能扔两次。这样房间里可能到处是垃圾。

6.新编大学英语3教案 篇六

一、模因论概述

模因 (Meme) 这个词最早出现在1976年出版的《自私的基因》 (The Selfish Gene) 一书中, 该书作者是英国新达尔文主义倡导者、牛津大学著名动物学家理查德·道金斯 (Richard Dawkins) 。道金斯认为模因是与基因相似又与之不同的复制因子, 它是一个文化信息单位, 那些不断得到复制和传播的语言、文化习俗、观念或社会行为都属于模因。在现实生活中, 模因可以是一句话也可以是一首歌, 可以是一件服饰也可以是一种楼房户型, 即只要能够被复制、传播的因子都可以归为模因。模因甚至可以被描述成“思维病毒” (viruses of the mind) , 可以感染、寄生于其他人的大脑, 并被传播给其他人或者他的下一代2。

道金斯的学生苏珊·布莱克摩尔 (Susan Blackmore) 在其所著的《模因机器》 (The Meme Machine) 一书中更加充实、完善了道金斯的观点, 并强调“模仿”对模因传递的重要性, 她认为:“科学或艺术当中所发生的一切, 用模因论术语来讲的话, 都是选择性模仿……任何东西, 只要它以这种 (模仿) 方式从一个人身上传递到另一个人身上, 那它就是一个模因。”3道金斯的模因论事实上也指出了“模仿”是模因的核心概念, 模仿是模因复制的方式4。希腊哲学家亚里士多德 (1996) 认为人类是最具有模仿能力的动物5, 正是由于模仿, 人类才学会了语言, 并使语言和文化一代一代得以传承和发展。假若一种语言离开了人们的模仿和使用, 那它势必走向衰亡。据统计, 澳大利亚原有的语言多达二百五十种, 然而, 由于受到英语的强势影响, 土著民族不得不放弃自己的本族语被迫使用英语交际, 因此很多语种都在渐渐消失。

二、模因论在《新编英语教程》 (第三版) 中的体现

语言模因论揭示了话语流传和语言传播的规律, 认为语言作为一种模因之所以能够流传, 是与语言使用者的不断模仿、传播是分不开的6。但是, 模仿、复制不是一成不变地百分百“克隆”, 模因在复制和传播的过程中会进行选择、变异和创新。因此, 我们认为外语学习就是建立在“模仿”的基础上, 以“仿写”、“仿读”为学习起点不断类推和创新的习得过程。李观仪教授主创的《教程》 (第三版) 系列教材旨在培养学生的听、说、读、写等综合基本技能, 重视语言基本能力和实用交际能力培养的结合。新版的教材前两册都是十五单元, 每一单元包括“语言结构” (Language structure) 、“对话” (Dialogue) 、“角色扮演” (RolePlay) 、“阅读” (Reading) 和“指导性写作” (Guided Writing) 等模块, 第二册在“对话”部分后还增加了“听与说”练习, 更加突出了语言的实际运用能力。各个模块的编写原则符合《大纲》精神, 同时也体现出语言模因的“模仿”重要性。下面我们以“语言结构”和“对话”为例, 来分析“模因论”在教学中的应用。

1、语言结构 (Language structure)

“语言结构”主要围绕某一语法点, 让学生逐步熟悉相关的表达句式, 并在录音听力引导下完成基本对话, 我们称之为“元对话”。教师让每位学生和自己的搭档 (partner) 配合朗读、熟读“元对话”, 然后根据教材和教师补充的“提示” (Cues) 去模仿“元对话”的结构并创造出新的对话, 学生甚至可以不拘泥于原有对话的字句, 在保持基本结构和大意的前提下大胆创新, 直至在交际活动中熟练使用这一语言结构。如“元对话”是:

A:It is said that three parks will be expanded.

B:Good.We’ll have more space for enjoyment and rest.7

学生在反复朗读、复述“元对话”后, 就能主动模仿“元对话”的结构, 并用新的语言资料去替换、类推。

A:It is said that Qingdao Metro is under construction.

B:Great.In that case, we’ll have a sound traffic service then.

2、对话 (Dialogue)

第三版教材删除了原先的“对话2” (Dialogue II) , 只保留一个长对话。“对话”和后面的“阅读”材料的话题是一致的, 并且尽量使用本单元“语言结构”中的所学句型, 巩固学生相关的语言表达方式。教师会在“对话”结束后, 引导学生绘出“对话”的提纲 (Outline) , 并要求学生在此基础上复述 (Retell) 对话的内容。所谓复述, 不是一成不变地照搬背诵, 而是有选择性地“模仿”, 即在保证原有对话内容大意不变的前提下去概括描述。“模仿”过程中学生可以适当地有所删减、增加、变换原文句型, 但始终要保持“复制忠实性” (copying-fidelity) 。学生通过这一“模仿”练习, 既能复习所学的语言结构知识, 又能锻炼口语表达的连贯性, 不失为课堂教学的有效辅助手段。

除了“语言结构”和“对话”外, “阅读”、“指导性写作”等模块也都反映了模因论在英语教学中的重要性, 特别是模因论启发下的英语写作背诵与模仿训练已被实践证明是有效的写作训练方式8。

结语

语言模因的复制方式让我们认识到人类所具有的“模仿”能力, 不仅在母语的传承过程中起到关键作用, 就连二语习得也离不开它。因此, 以模因论为指导促进外语教学势必为我国的外语教学改革提供一个崭新的视角。但是由于模因论在国内外语教学中的应用研究起步较晚, 缺乏大量的理论支撑和实证分析, 还有很多问题值得我们继续探讨。

参考文献

[1]、高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲.北京:外语教学与研究出版社.2000.

[2]、谢超群.礼貌与模因:语用哲学与思考[M].福州:福建人民出版社.2011:159.

[3]、Blackmore, S.The Meme Machine[M].Oxford:Oxford UniversityPress.1999:7.

[4]、Dawkins, R.The Selfish Gene:30th Anniversary Edition[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press.2006:194.

[5]、亚里士多德.《诗学》 (陈中梅译注) [M].北京:商务印书馆.1996:47.

[6]、陈琳霞.模因论与大学英语写作教学.外语学刊[J].2008 (1) :88.

[7]、梅德明.新编英语教程 (第三版) [M].上海:上海外语教育出版社.2012:4.