高考英语语法知识

高考英语语法知识（共8篇）

1.高考英语语法知识 篇一

在英语中，有一些含有定冠词 the 和不含定冠词 the 的词组。这些词组仅仅是一个定冠词 the 的差别，但是它们表示的意义却不同。如：

He likes to sit in the front of the class.

他喜欢坐在教室的前排。

There is a pond in front of the house.

房屋前面有个池塘。

1. 词组 in the front of 和 in front of 都有在前面的意思，但含义不同。 in the front of 表示在(范围内的)前面;而 in front of 表示在(范围外的)前面。

2. at table 意为吃饭;进餐; at the table 意为在桌边。如：

He seldom talks at table.

他吃饭时很少说话。

We sat at the table， talking.

我们坐在桌边谈论。

3. go to school 意为开始求学;到校上课; go to the school 意为去学校(但不一定是上学)。如：

He usually goes to school by bike.

他通常骑自行车到校上课。

His mother often goes to the school to see him.

他的妈妈经常去学校看他。

4. in charge of ( =take charge of )，意为主管;看管;在看管之下，主语是人; in the charge of 意为负责管理;负责照料，主语是事物(物)。

2.高考英语语法知识 篇二

(—)

Are you facing a situation that looks impossi-ble to fix?

In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland,Ohio.It 61＿＿＿＿＿＿

(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it 62＿＿＿＿＿＿(actual)caught fire and burned.Now,ears later,this river is one of 63＿＿＿＿＿＿most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

But the river wasn't changed in a few days 64＿＿＿＿＿＿even a few months.It took years of work 65＿＿＿＿＿＿(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is66＿＿＿＿＿＿(clean) than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible situa-tion.Maybe you have a habit 67＿＿＿＿＿＿is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation,don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?

While there are 68＿＿＿＿＿＿(amaze) stories of instant transformation,for most of us the69＿＿＿＿＿＿(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 70＿＿＿＿＿＿(patience).(2014年全国I卷)

(二)

One morning,I was waiting at the bus stop,worried about 61＿＿＿＿＿＿(be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,62＿＿＿＿＿some of them looked very anxious and 63＿＿＿＿＿＿(disappoint).when the bus fi- nally came,we all hurried on board.I got a place next 64＿＿＿＿＿＿the window,so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike 65__________(catch) my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,but he refused66＿＿＿＿＿＿(stop) until we reached the next stop.Still,the boy kept 67＿＿＿＿＿＿(ride).He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally,when we came to the next stop,the boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked,“68＿＿＿＿＿＿anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh,dear!It's 69＿＿＿＿＿＿(I)”.She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done,and the crowd of strangers 70＿＿＿＿＿＿(sudden) became friendly to one another.(2014年全国Ⅱ卷)

(三)

It was raining lightly when I 61________(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours 62＿＿＿＿＿＿,I'd been at home in Hong Kong,with 63＿＿＿＿＿＿(it) choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain.

I'd skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64＿＿＿＿＿＿are pictured by artists in so many Chinese65＿＿＿＿＿＿(painting).Instead,I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin,it's only an hour away 66＿＿＿＿＿＿car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.

Yangshuo 67＿＿＿＿＿＿(be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 68＿＿＿＿＿＿(conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie&Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it 69________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people70＿＿＿＿＿＿(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015年全国Ⅰ卷)

(四)

The adobe dwellings(土坯房)61＿＿＿＿＿＿(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62＿＿＿＿＿＿most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63＿＿＿＿＿＿(able) to“air condition”a house without 64＿＿＿＿＿＿(use) exercise equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65＿＿＿＿＿＿(slow) during cool nights,thus warming the house.When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66＿＿＿＿＿＿(cool) the house during the hot day,67＿＿＿＿＿＿the same time,they warm up again for the night.This cycle68＿＿＿＿＿＿(go) day after day:The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 69＿＿＿＿＿＿(nature) architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly70＿＿＿＿＿＿thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.(2015年全国Ⅱ卷)

参考答案:

(一)61.was 62.actually 63.the 64.or65.to reduce 66.cleaner 67.that/which68.amazing 69.changes 70.patient

(二)61.being 62.and 63.disappointed 64.to 65.caught 66.to stop 67.riding68.Did 69.me/mine 70.suddenly

(三) 61.arrived 62.before/earlier 63.its 64.that/which 65.Paintings 66.by 67.is68.conducted 69.regularly 70.living

(四)61.built 62.the 63.ability 64.using 65.slowly 66.to cool 67.at 68.goes69.natural 70.how

二、考向探究

语法填空题旨在考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对语法知识的掌握情况,着重考查考生的语言综合运用能力,体现了语言测试的交际性原则。这种题型在2007年广东省高考英语试题中首先采用;2014年全国卷开始引进这种语篇型语法填空题,以替代单句型语言知识题;个别省份如福建、湖南、辽宁等也有尝试,考查的点各有差异。

语法填空题属于一种不设选项的完形填空题,完形填空注重词义的选择或词的搭配,语法填空注重考查语言形式和逻辑结构,也就是说语法填空题以语篇为载体,考查学生的语法和词汇知识。其命题特点是:

1.短文长度在180～200词之间,设置10个空格,把空白填写完整,以使短文意思连贯。

2.提供单词提示的主要是动词、形容词、名词三大类,也出现过代词,考生要根据语境写出单词的正确形式,一般有7个小题;纯空格形式要求考生根据语境在每个空格处填入一个合适的词,这类题有3个小题,主要考查连词、介词、从句的引导词、冠词等。

3.语法填空题以考查动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词等实词和连词、介词、冠词等虚词为主;句法方面主要考查复合句的引导词,如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句的引导词。试题考查的都是最基本的语法知识,没有偏、难、怪题,大多数题目的设计都比较简单。

4.文章的选材多与课标话题相关,注重人文色彩,体裁多用说明文或夹叙夹议的文章,首句也有可能设空。

三、应试策略

语法填空题的上下文内容能够更有效地考查考生对语法知识的运用情况。该题型的答案虽有开放度,但可控性较强,属于半客观性试题,评分误差很小,能够使高考英语科仍保持较高的信度。所以考生须灵活运用语法知识,如单词词性、动词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填入的内容。

语法填空考查形式分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种。

(一)对于不给出提示词的题,考生应根据上下文语境和分析句子结构,确定应填入的是冠词、关系词、连词,还是代词等。

1.冠词可以说是名词的一种标志,不能离开名词而单独使用,所以在没有其他限定词的名词前的空格通常要考虑填入冠词。遇到考查冠词题时,先问自己这是泛指还是特指,可采用“一”验证法,先将句子翻译成某“一”,有“一”,每“一”,又“一”,“一”个,如果成立,就用不定冠词a或an。

2.当“＿＿＿＿＿＿(+限定词)+名词”或“＿＿＿＿＿＿+代词”在句中不充当主语或宾语时,该空格通常应填介词。此外,填介词时,除了考虑与其后名词的搭配外,也要考虑与前面的动词、形容词的搭配,如in time,on time,on foot,by bus,in fact,in English,on duty,to one's surprise,look after,look for,wait for,make up for,put off,worry about,be fond of,be good at,be popular with等。

3.连词主要起连接作用,表明句子之间的关系,因此我们做题时,要弄清句子之间的关系。(1)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间,没有句号或分号,也没有连词,那么空格处必定填连词,否则,句子结构就不完整。(2)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时,应填并列连词and,or,but等。

4.从句是必考点,主要考查各种从句的引导词,如状语从句、定语从句、主语从句、宾语从句,所以考生要在分析句子结构上了解所缺的成分来入手进行解题。应特别注意状语从句形式多样、定语从句的引导词在句中充当的成分以及一些特殊的用法等。

(二)给出提示词的题,主要考查实词词性的变化。可以根据句子结构和所填词的语法功能,判断用所给词的何种词性等。词性变化主要涉及动词、形容词、副词、名词等。

1.动词的变化是语法填空题的考查重点之一。首先应判断考查的是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。谓语动词要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致等方面;非谓语动词要考虑用动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式还是用动词不定式,暂时还没有要求考虑非谓语动词的时态和语态等问题。

2.其他考查点有:形容词和副词的比较等级;形容词和副词之间的转换;名词转换为形容词;名词的复数等。

[温馨提示]

1.当空格位于句首且又在动词之前时,应考虑主语用法,空格可填名词、代词,To do/Doing结构。

2.当空格在及物动词、介词之后时,应考虑宾语的用法,空格同样既可填名词、代词又可填to do/doing结构,此时应注意牢记有些动词后要跟to do结构作宾语,如在refuse,expect,hope,wish,plan,decide,manage等词后;而有些动词后须跟doing结构作宾语,如在keep,finish,mind,enjoy,suggest,practise,imagine等词后。

3.当空格位于系动词之后时,应考虑表语的用法,空格可填形容词、名词等,系动词除了am,is,are,was,were外,还有become,get,turn,seem,look等。

4.当空格前有主语后有宾语或表语时应考虑谓语的用法,填入谓语动词时要注意时态、语态、主谓一致的变化,还要牢记不规则动词的变化形式。

5.当空格前有限定词(如the,a,an,my,his,their等)后有名词时,应考虑定语用法,空格可填形容词,此时要注意运用词类转换方法。

6.当空格修饰动词、形容词、副词时或修饰全句时,应考虑状语的用法,空格可填入副词,此时也要注意运用词类转换方法。例如:＿＿＿＿＿＿(luck),he passed the examination.(修饰全句,应填副词Luckily)。

四、解题步骤

1.通读全文,把握大意。

这一步是解题关键的一步。解题之前,我们首先应通读全文,理解大意。文中一些空格是通过对文章逻辑结构的把握来确定正确答案的。另外,谓语动词必须在把握动作发生的时间后才能确定其时态。

2.结合语境,试填空格。

读懂材料以后,要结合所提供的特定语言环境,从句子结构的完整性去分析设空处所缺单词的意思及词性,从上下文的逻辑及搭配的关系去确定所给提示词在文章中的正确形式。

3.重读全文,验证复查。

通读填上答案的全文,纠正之前错误,最后确定正确答案。

五、模拟演练

(一)

What is“small talk”?In a sense,“small talk”is an 1＿＿＿＿＿＿(effect) way to influence people's thinking and behaviour.“Small talk”happens when two or more people engage2＿＿＿＿＿＿a conversation with no meaningful topic 3＿＿＿＿＿＿(discuss).The aim of the talk is purely to fill the silence and the topic can be about anything that has no consequence,and it's as easy to get out of a topic as it is easy to get into it.In other words,everyone knows that the conversation is there to pass the time.

It seems that“small talk”4＿＿＿＿＿＿(de-sign) purely to fill the silence and to cover the5＿＿＿＿＿＿(embarrass) in conversations.For example,when two people meet for the first time,such as on a date,then they will 6＿＿＿＿＿＿(frequent) turn to“small talk”in order to help them overcome their nerves.

“Small talk”is made popular because so many people do it,even though they could discuss something more meaningful.Another example would be between a group of colleagues at work—instead of discussing a project or system where they have the chance 7＿＿＿＿＿＿(improve) efficiency or results,they choose to discuss what they did at 8＿＿＿＿＿＿last weekend.

This is 9＿＿＿＿＿＿“small talk”is so popular—it enables people to talk about something that 10＿＿＿＿＿＿(have) no consequence or mean-ing.There is no incentive(奖励的) on“saying the right thing”.

(二)

One day,an old monk named Wisdom,fol-lowed by two young monks,was walking from one town to another when they caught sight of a lake.I＿＿＿＿＿＿(tire) and thirsty,they stopped to have a rest.2＿＿＿＿＿＿old monk,pointing to the lake,asked the 3＿＿＿＿＿＿(young) one to get him some water.

When the little monk reached the lake,a cart 4＿＿＿＿＿＿(draw) by an ox started crossing the lake,which made the water very muddy.The little monk thought,“How can I give this muddy water to my master to drink!”So he came back without any water,saying,“The water is very muddy.I don't think 5＿＿＿＿＿＿is suitable to drink.”

After a while,the same monk was asked to get water again.When he went back to thek ldakte,he found that the mud 6＿＿＿＿＿＿(settle) down already,so he collected back a pot of water.Wisdom looked at the water 7＿＿＿＿＿＿happy) and then up at the monk,“To make the water clean,8＿＿＿＿＿＿＿you need to do 9＿＿＿＿＿＿(be) just to let it be and the mud would settle down on its own."

It is also the same with your mind.When it is 10＿＿＿＿＿＿(disturb),just let it be.Give it a little time and it will settle down itself.

(三)

Yaxi—Slow City

Yaxi,a tiny village with a population of just20,000 in Jiangsu Province,has been given the title of“slow city”by the global organization,Cittaslow,which 1＿＿＿＿＿＿(carry) out researches on life in places that have resisted the fast-moving world.

Cittaslow,2＿＿＿＿＿＿(establish) in Italy in 1999,categorises places where there is“slow and healthy succession of seasons”and“purity of products and good food”.Cities that quality for this classification should also be rich3＿＿＿＿＿＿“fascinating craft traditions of art”and“respect of traditions through the joy of slow,quiet life”.

“Slow city?That sounds like us,”says 81-year-old Mei Weibing,4＿＿＿＿＿＿shoe shop in Old Street has been around for more than 50years.Mr.Mei does not believe in mass production,and 5＿＿＿＿＿＿three sons and their wives help out in the family business,6＿＿＿＿＿＿(learn) the disappearing trade.Every shoe is handmade,and Mei 7＿＿＿＿＿＿(pride) declares,“I spend three days making one perfect pair of shoes.”

“Angelo Vassallo,vice-president of Cit-taslow,was deeply impressed by this village's natural and cultural resources and said it perfectly fitted the 8＿＿＿＿＿＿(require) for a slow city.That was how Yaxi became 9＿＿＿＿＿＿(connect)with Cittaslow,”said Zuo Niansheng,a local official.

The award is a confirmation(确认) of the ef-fort to preserve a country-like village where growth is limited,chain stores are discouraged and urban life 10＿＿＿＿＿＿(go) in a circle around.

(四)

When travelling in a train,a gentleman felt thirsty and got down at a station in search of water.No 1＿＿＿＿＿＿(soon) had he reached the wa- ter tap than the engine whistled and started,so he missed the train.

2＿＿＿＿＿＿was getting darker and he de- cided to find a place for a day's stay.So,he went to a small hut and asked the villager.The villager gladly agreed.With the villager's 3＿＿＿＿＿＿(permit),he could stay in his house for a day.That day the villager served the gentleman food and gave him a room to rest.4＿＿＿＿＿＿(surprise),the villager neither asked nor expected anything in return.

At night,the gentleman heard a knock at the door.When the villager opened the door,the gentleman saw that a man 5＿＿＿＿＿＿(dress) in rich clothes entered the hut and demanded the villager6＿＿＿＿＿＿(pay) his debts.The gentleman realized that the villager was in need of money.The next morning,he put a pocket on the table and7＿＿＿＿＿＿(leave).When the villager came to know about 8＿＿＿＿＿＿pocket,he saw there was a note addressed to him,it read,“You help me9＿＿＿＿＿＿did not expect anything from me.Yesterday I heard the conversation between you and the stranger and came to know that you were in need of money.This is 10＿＿＿＿＿＿＿you need”.

(五)

After graduating from college,Tom and Bob joined a company together.Both worked very hard.Several years 1＿＿＿＿＿＿(late),the boss promoted Bob to manager,but Tom remained2＿＿＿＿＿＿an ordinary worker.Tom couldn't take it.He handed his resignation to the boss,3＿＿＿＿＿＿(complain)that the boss didn't value hardworking workers,but only promoted those4＿＿＿＿＿＿(please) guys.

The boss knew Tom worked very hard these years.So he said,“Thank you,5＿＿＿＿＿＿I have a request.I hope you'll do one more thing for our company before you leave.Perhaps you'Il change your mind.”

Tom agreed.The boss asked him to go and find anyone selling watermelon in the market.Tom went and returned soon,and said he had found one.The boss asked how much per kg?Tom 6＿＿＿＿＿＿(shake) his head,went back to the market and returned 7＿＿＿＿＿＿(inform) the boss$1.2 per kg.

The boss told Tom to wait a second.He called Bob to come to his office and asked Bob to do the same.Bob went,returned and said8＿＿＿＿＿＿(gentle),“Boss,only one person is selling watermelon.$1.2 per kg,and$10 for 10 kg.He has 320 melons in all,58 of 9＿＿＿＿＿＿are on the table.Fresh and red,each weighs about2kg.”

Tom was very impressed and realized the10＿＿＿＿＿＿(different) between himself and Bob.He decided to stay to learn from Bob.

(六)

It's amazing how often people say that.“If I can help just one...”That seems like a very low standard.Just one?1＿＿＿＿＿＿not 10?or 100?or 300?Or as many as possible?

How many people would feel comfortable and behave 2＿＿＿＿＿＿(confidence) when their child's third grade teacher said,“If I can help just one student be successful,then I've done my job.”What 3＿＿＿＿＿＿the other 33 kids in the class?It's 4＿＿＿＿＿＿(accept) to aim for every-one and miss a few.There is no great value,however,in aiming for a few and being 5＿＿＿＿＿＿(satisfy) when you get them.

6＿＿＿＿＿＿(provide) value in the world means that the things you say and the things you do have the power to help many more than one person or one company.If what you do7＿＿＿＿＿＿(offer) value to the vast 8＿＿＿＿＿＿(minor),and you're setting your goals too low.Whatever the cause is,something has to change.

I have known many businessmen9＿＿＿＿＿＿seem very successful from the outside.They make good money and they have lovely offices.If a company has an“anchor(固定)”client or a sugar daddy or whatever else we want to call it...then 10＿＿＿＿＿＿they have is a client,not a business.A business offers something of value to more than one.

参考答案与解析:

(一)

[解题导语]在某种意义上来说,聊闲是影响人们的想法和行为的一种有效方法;我们在很多场合可以体会到闲聊的真谛所在。

1.effective。分析句子结构可知,空格前面有不定冠词an,后面有名词way,所以这里要用形容词形式。

2.in。这里考查短语engage in的配搭,意为“从事,参加”。

3.discussed。由句子结构可知,这里表示被动,应用过去分词修饰名词topic。

4.is designed。根据句子结构和上下文可知,这里应该用一般现在时的被动形式。

5.embarrassment。由于空格前面是定冠词the,可知本空应填名词形式。

6.frequently。根据句子结构可知,本空应用副词修饰动词短语turn to。

7.to improve。分析句子结构可知,应该用不定式充当后置定语,修饰前面的名词。

8.the。分析句子结构和结合上下文的内容可知,这里是指上一个周末,所以是特指,故填定冠词the。

9.why。分析句子结构可知,这里引导表语从句,再结合下文的内容可知,这里是解释原因。

10.has。分析句子结构可知,这里的主语是that,指代前面的不定代词something,再结合上下文的内容可知,这里应用第三人称单数的形式。

(二)

[解题导语]本文主要陈述一个名为智者的和尚吩咐另一个小和尚前后两次去取水的故事,从而道出:当我们心神不定时,我们要给它一点时间,这样它就可以慢慢安定下来。

1.Tired。分析句子结构可知,空格处与后面的词thirsty是同一词性,都是形容词,在句子中充当状语。

2.The。根据上下文的语境可知,这里是特指前面提到的三个和尚中的年长者,所以应填定冠词。

3.younger。根据前面的内容可知有二个年轻的和尚,再结合这里的语境及下文中的the little monk可知,这里是指二个年轻和尚中更年轻一点的,所以用比较级。

4.drawn。根据句子结构可知,空格后面有by an ox,可知动词draw与主语a cart是被动关系,所以用过去分词充当后置定语。

5.it。分析句子结构可知,这里指前面的muddy water,water为不可数名词,所以用it。

6.had settled。由上下文语境可知,settle的动作在found前发生,而found是过去时,所以本空应用过去完成时,表示过去的过去。

7.happily。考查副词的用法。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰的是前面的动词短语looked at,所以应用副词形式。

8.what/all。分析句子结构可知,空格后是一个主语从句,而从句欠缺的是主语,所以可以用what或all引导。

9.is。分析句子结构可知,前面是主语从句,再结合上下文的内容可知,这里应用第三人称的单数形式。

10.disturbed。分析句子结构可知,这里欠缺的是表语,而且主语是物,故应用动词的-ed形式。disturbed意为“被扰乱的”,符合题意。

(三)

[解题导语]本文主要介绍有关中国江苏的一个名叫亚西(Yaxi)的小村庄,被一个全球性组织“慢城市生活运动”命名为中国“慢城”的一些情况。

1.carries。根据上下文的内容可知,本空的前后分别用了现在完成时,但这里是强调现在的情况,所以用一般现在时,主语为Cittaslow,所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。

2.established。根据上下文的内容并分析句子结构可知,这里用过去分词充当定语,相当于定语从句“which was established”。

3.in。根据上下文语境可知,这里考查介词短语be rich in的搭配。

4.whose。根据语篇理解,可知这里是用whose引导定语从句。

5.his。分析句子结构可知,这里的主语是Mr.Mei,再结合上下文的语境可知,这里应填入形容词性物主代词。

6.learning。分析句子结构可知这里应填入现在分词短语,表示伴随情况。

7.proudly。分析句子结构可知,这里是修饰后面的动词,所以用副词形式。

8.requirements。根据前面的the可知答案。

9.connected。分析句子结构可知,这里是用在连系动词became后面,所以要用形容词形式,再结合主语是物,故用动词的-ed形式。

10.goes。分析句子结构可知,这里的主语是urban life,而且前面的句子用一般现在时are discouraged,所以这里应用第三人称单数形式。

(四)

[解题导语]本文主要讲述一个人得到帮助后帮助别人的故事。当你帮助别人时,你其实也是在帮助自己。

1.sooner。分析句子结构可知,本题考查no sooner…than…(一……就……)引导的句式。

2.It。考查代词的用法。根据上下文的语境并结合句子结构可知,这里是指天色变黑,所以要用代词it指天气。

3.permission。考查名词的词型转换。分析句子结构可知,这里用在名词的所有格后面,所以应该填入名词形式。

4.Surprisingly。考查副词的用法。根据句子结构可知,本空修饰整个句子,所以要用副词形式。

5.dressed。考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,这里要表达的意思是“一个穿着华贵衣服的男人”,所以这里应用过去分词形式充当定语。

6.to pay。考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,这里考查demand sb.to do sth.的配搭。

7.left。考查动词时态的用法。根据上下文的内容可知,这里应该与前面的put—样,都应用一般过去时。

8.the。考查冠词的用法。根据上下文的语境可知,这里是指前面提到的a pocket,所以用定冠词表示特指。

9.but。考查连词的用法。根据上下文的内容可知,这里要表达的意思是“你帮助了我,但却没有期待从我这里得到任何东西。”所以这里应该是表示转折的关系。

10.what。考查关系代词的用法。分析句子结构可知,这里应该是一个宾语从句,而且从句中欠缺宾语,所以应填入what。

(五)

[解题导语]这是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了某公司老板通过Bob的事例来教育Tom:成败在于细节。

1.later。考查副词的词形转换。根据上下文的内容可知,这里要表达的意思是“几年之后”,所以这里应用副词later。

2.as。考查介词的用法。本句意为:几年后,老板提拔Bob为经理,而Tom作为一名普通员工保留下来。由此可知这里考查remain as的用法,意为“作为……保留”。

3.complaining。考查非谓语动词的用法。根据上下文的内容以及句子结构可知,这里应用现在分词表示伴随状语。

4.pleasant/pleased。考查形容词的用法。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填形容词修饰后面的名词guy,而guy指人,所以可以填入动词的-ed形式或所给词的形容词形式。

5.but。考查并列连词的用法。分析句子结构可知,这里表达转折意义,所以应用并列连词but。

6.shook。考查动词时态的用法。分析句子结构,这里和后面的动作went back,returned应该是并列的,所以都应用一般过去时。

7.to inform。考查非谓语动词的用法。空格前面已经有作谓语的动词returned,所以这里应用非谓语动词,结合下文的语境,这里应该用不定式表示目的。

8.gently。考查副词的用法。根据上下文的语境可知,本空修饰动词,所以应用副词形式。

9.which。考查关系代词的用法。分析句子结构可知,这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为melons,所以用which引导。

10.difference。考查名词的词性转换。根据上下文的内容并分析句子结构可知,本空在冠词后面,所以应用名词形式。

(六)

[解题导语]本文主要围绕帮人的标准展开讨论。

1.Why。考查关系副词的用法。根据上下文的内容可知,这里表示建议,所以用why。

2.confidently。考查副词的用法。分析句子结构可知,本空修饰动词behave,所以应用副词的形式。

3.about。考查介词的用法。根据上下文的内容并结合这里的句子结构可知,这里考查“what about...”结构。

4.acceptable/accepted。考查形容词的用法。分析句子结构可知,本空在be动词后面,应该用形容词充当表语。

5.satisfied。考查形容词的用法。分析句子结构可知,本空在be动词后面,而且主语是后面从句中的you,指人,所以用动词的-ed形式。

6.Providing。考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句子结构可知,这里欠缺的是主语,所以应用动名词的形式。

7.offers。考查主谓一致的用法。分析句子结构可知,在这个条件状语从句中主语为“what you do”,结合前后内容可知,这里应该用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。

8.minority。考查词型的转换。分析句子结构可知,这里用在冠词和形容词之后,所以应用名词的形式。

9.who。考查关系代词的用法。本空应填入关系代词who引导宾语从句修饰先行词busi-nessmen。

3.高考英语语法填空解题技巧 篇三

一、纯空格填空题型

这种题型需要考生根据语境在设空处填入符合上下文逻辑、语法、句法的词汇，主要考查代词、冠词、介词、情态动词、连词、连接代（副词）、关系词和句式。

（1）考查代词，当句子缺主语或宾语时，通常填代词。

Last year， my brother and I went to Miami. Some of my friends said _____ was a wonderful holiday destination.

分析：句子缺少主语，联系上一句中的Miami ，填代词it。

（2）考查限定词，名词前面若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词），可能是填限定词。

Indian attained independence in 1947， after _____ long struggle.

分析：struggle前没有限定词，需填限定词。struggle为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指，填a。

（3）考查介词， 当空格后的名词、代词或动名词不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，需填介词。

Igot a place nextthe window， so I had a good view of the sidewalk.

分析：the window在句中不作主语、表语、动词的宾语，前面一定是填介词，next to为固定搭配。

（4）考查连词 ，当空格前后都是句子，且这两个句子之间没有连词时，填从属连词；若并列的两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，填表示并列、转折、因果等意义的连词。

We were told that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week， _____ for the week after.

分析：for that week与for the week after之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系，由句意可知为not…but固定结构。

（5）考查情态动词或助动词，若句子结构完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词。

He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife， but he ____ bring home a regular salary.

分析：本句是but连接的并列句，前一分句的谓语had是一般过去时，后一分句的谓语bring也应用一般过去时，但bring用的却是原形，应填对谓语表示强调的助动词did。

（6）由特殊的句式结构来判断空格处应填的词

It was only after he had read the papers Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.

分析：去掉It was后，可还原为Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete only after he had read the papers.句式结构完整，即可判断为强调句，故填that。

二、有提示词

主要考查动词的时态和语态以及动词的非谓语形式、词性转换、名词单复变、形容词或副词的比较级与最高级变化。做题时，先判断设空处在句中的功能，再确定用什么形式。

（1）提示词是动词，先判断设空处为谓语动词还是非谓语动词。谓语动词需要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致等；非谓语动词要考虑用动词—ing、过去分词还是不定式，同时还要考虑非谓语动词的时态和语态。

It was raining lightly when I ______ （arrive） in Yangshuo just before dawn.

分析：when引导的时间状语从句缺少谓语，根据主句中的was raining 可判断从句应该用一般过去时，填arrived。

A study of travelers ______ （conduct） by the website Tripadvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations.

分析：本句中谓语动词是names，by the website Tripadvisor是分词短语作后置定语，修饰study，填conducted。

（2）提示词是形容词或副词，考查词性转换。

…and give out that heat （slow） during cool nights… .

分析：修饰动词短语give out 要用slow的副词形式slowly。

（3）提示词是名词 ，一般考查其复数形式、名词所有格等，或转换成其它词类。

…， for most of us the （change） are gradual and require a lot of effort .

分析：定冠词后应填名词，根据be动词are和require是复数形式可知，填changes。

做题时，考生需要认真分析句子结构，运用各种技巧确定设空处所缺单词的词性，再根据语境确定其正确形式；做完后，还需要将全文仔细审读一遍，在确保文章意义通顺的前提下，检查所填词语的形式是否正确，进一步完善答案。

4.高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结 篇四

a. All has been done.(作主语，表示“所有事”谓动用单数)

All are present . (作主语，表示“所有人”谓动用复数)

b. None of the girls in our class like/likes football.

注意：在回答what/who问句时，用nothing/nobody;而在回答how many/How much……问句时用none.

Who is in the classroom? Nobody. What is in your hand? Nothing.

How much money do you have? None.

every、each的使用

1)every只能修饰名词，而each既可修饰名词，也可作名词使用。

eg: every day、each classroom、each of the student

2)在单独作主语、同位语、宾语时只用each.

a. Here are enough glasses. Each of you can get one.

b. We each should listen to the teachers carefully.

3)every能表达“每隔”的含义，而each则不能。

every three days每3天、每隔2天every few years每隔几年

every other day /week/line每隔1天/1周/1行

4)every与one连用，可用of修饰(要分开写)。

every one of us我们中的每一人each of us我们中的每一人

every one of the books这些书中的每1本

5.高考英语语法知识 篇五

1．In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.(2017·江苏，28)A．which

C．whose

答案 C 解析 句意为：联合国在1963年成立了世界粮食计划署，该组织的目的之一就是减轻世界范围内的饥饿程度。本空需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，purposes与the World Food Programme存在所属关系，且空处在句中作定语，因此选C项。

2．The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.(2017·北京，31)A．that

C．where

答案 A 解析 句意为：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题有可能是伟大发明的灵感。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the little problems，且从句中缺少宾语，故用that。as引导定语从句时，多用于the same...as...，such...as...等结构中；where，when引导定语从句时，在从句中分别充当地点和时间状语。

3．My eldest son，________ work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the moment.(2017·天津，9)A．that

C．his

答案 B 解析 句意为：我的长子现在在纽约，他的工作让他全世界到处跑。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非限制性定语从句的引导词，且与其后的名词有所属关系，故应用whose。

4．Many young people，most ________ were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.(2016·江苏，23)

B．whose D．who B．as D．when B．its D．whom A．of which

C．of whom

答案 C

B．of them D．of those 解析 句意为：很多年轻人前往偏远地区去追逐梦想，他们中的大多数人都受过良好的教育。根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为many young people，作介词of的宾语，故要用whom。

5．I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.(2016·北京，22)A．whose

C．where

答案 A 解析 句意为：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造出很大的噪音。先行词为couple，由句意可知children与couple之间为所属关系，故用关系代词whose。

6．We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，________ the weather may be better.(2016·天津，9)A．that

C．which

答案 D 解析 句意为：我们将把去公园的野餐推迟到下周，那时天气可能更好。分析句子成分可知先行词为next week，在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，故用when引导。

7．Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of ________ has been proved.(2016·浙江，11)A．whom

C．what

答案 B 解析 句意为：科学家们已经提出许多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，其中没有一个得到证实。分析句子成分可知，逗号后是“代词＋of＋which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词many theories，指物，故应用 which。

8．The number of smokers，________ is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2015·江苏，21)A．it

B．which B．which D．that B．where D．when B．why D．which C．what

答案 D

D．as 解析 句意为：据报道，吸烟者的数量在一年内下降了17%。as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如„„”，符合句意，故选D项。

9．Opposite is St.Paul’s Church，________ you can hear some lovely music.(2015·北京，24)A．which

C．when

答案 D 解析 句意为：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。先行词是St.Paul’s Church；从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出关系词在从句中作的是地点状语，用where。故选D。

10．Creating an atmosphere _____ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.(2015·浙江，19)A．as

C．in which

答案 C 解析 句意为：创造让雇员感受到自己是团队一部分的氛围是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子结构可知，________ employees feel part of a team是一个定语从句，从句中缺少状语，故用where或“介词＋which”引导，根据与先行词an atmosphere的搭配可判断介词用in，故选C项。11．The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work.(2015·天津，15)A．where

C．when

答案 A 解析 句意为：该公司的老板正在努力营造一种轻松的氛围，这样他的员工就可以在这种氛围中享受工作的乐趣。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为an easy atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故要用where。

12．China Today attracts a worldwide readership，________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.(2015·福建，34)A．who B．whom C．that D．which 答案 D

B．which D．who B．whose D．at which B．that D．where 解析 句意为：《今日中国》吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。先行词是前面的整个主句，在从句中作主语，用which来引导。

13．It is a truly delightful place，________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.(2015·湖南，29)A．as

C．that

答案 D 解析 句意为：它确实是一个令人感到快乐的地方，它看起来一定跟100年前一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和美丽的村舍。本句中先行词是a truly delightful place，且后面的定语从句中缺少主语，可用which或that引导；又因为前后两部分用逗号连接，所以所填词引导非限制性定语从句，故用which。

14．Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon ________ school education depends.(2015·安徽，28)A．it

C．whose

答案 D 解析 句意为：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。it不能引导定语从句；that不用于介词之后；whose作定语时，其后需有名词；depend on/upon依靠，依赖，介词upon被提到了定语从句引导词之前，只能用which来引导，故选D。

15．As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time________ he should be able to be independent.(2015·陕西，15)A．which

C．whom

答案 D 解析 句意为：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是盼望着他能独立的时候。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为the time，在从句中作时间状语，故用when引导。选D。16．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.(2014·江苏，22)A．which

C．as

B．when D．where B．where D．when B．that D．which B．where D．which 答案 D 解析 句意为：这本书在日常交际中给予了我很大的帮助，尤其是在第一印象至关重要的工作中。本题先行词为work，可以理解为抽象的地点；而从句部分不缺主语也不缺宾语，因此可以排除关系代词，而选择可以作状语的关系副词where。

17．The exact year _____ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.(2014·安徽，22)A．when

C．why

答案 D 解析 先行词是the exact year，定语从句中的动词spent是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，所以选D。18．Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position.(2014·陕西，13)A．that

C．as

答案 A 解析 先行词是information，指物，关系词在从句中作及物动词have的宾语，且先行词有不定代词all修饰，故关系词只能用that。

19．I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，________ my classmates recommended to me.(2014·北京，26)A．who

C．when

答案 B 解析 此处the book Sherlock Holmes是先行词，指物，关系词在从句中作recommended的宾语；又因为是非限制性定语从句。故选B项。

20．A company ________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.(2014·山东，10)A．which

C．who

答案 B 解析 句意为：国内市场利润萎缩的公司可能会去国外市场寻求机会。空格后名词profits和先行词company之间为所属关系，故选择whose。

B．whose D．why B．which D．where B．which D．what B．where D．which

一、高频考点

1．“介词＋which/whom”中介词的确定(1)与定语从句中的动词或形容词构成搭配。The man with whom I talked is a professor.和我谈话的那个人是一名教授。

(2)与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。

I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。(3)“of which/whom”表示所属关系。

There are forty students in our class，most of whom are from the south.我们班有四十名学生，其中大部分来自南方。(4)“介词短语＋which/whom”引导定语从句。He arrived at a farmhouse，in front of which sat a boy.他来到一所农舍，在农舍前面坐着一个小男孩。(5)通过句意来判断。

He was educated at Beijing University，after which he went abroad to receive further education.他在北京大学接受教育，然后去了国外接受进一步教育。(6)关系副词可以与“介词＋which”互换。The house where/in which he lives needs repairing.他住的那所房子需要修理。

2．as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别

(1)which引导的非限制性定语从句，只能放在主句后；as引导的非限制性定语从句放在句首、句中或句末均可。

As we all know，the earth goes around the sun.众所周知，地球围着太阳转。

(2)which可作实义动词的主语，as不可。

He didn’t come as expected，which made Mary angry.他没如期前来，这让玛丽很生气。(3)主、从句语意一致，用as，which皆可；语意不一致，只能用which。He married again，which/as was expected.他又结婚了，这是预料到的。

He married again，which was unexpected.他又结婚了，这是没有预料到的。3．定语从句与其他语法项目的区别

(1)与地点状语从句的区别：定语从句前有表示地点的先行词，地点状语从句则没有；定语从句中的where可用“介词＋which”代替，地点状语从句中的where则不能。He put the book where you could find it.(地点状语从句)He put the book in the place where you could find it.(定语从句)(2)与结果状语从句的区别：分析such后的名词在从句中是否作成分，如作成分则是定语从句，用as引导；反之则为结果状语从句，用that引导。He is such a good boy as we all like.(定语从句)He is such a good boy that we all like him.(结果状语从句)

二、易错点梳理

1．关系代词的误用及漏用：注意定语从句的先行词被all，some，any，no，few，every，much等不定代词修饰时，关系代词用that。Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said? 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？

2．定语从句主谓不一致：在one of...结构中，先行词为of后的复数名词或代词，从句谓语用复数形式；先行词是“the only/very one of＋复数名词”时，从句谓语用单数形式。He is one of the students who were awarded.他是受到嘉奖的学生之一。

He is the only one of the students who was awarded.他是唯一一个受到嘉奖的学生。

3．关系词充当替代词：定语从句中不能出现先行词的替代词。He is the person that I am looking for.他就是我要找的那个人。(for后不能跟him)4．“地点模糊”的先行词后跟where引导的定语从句。当先行词为point，case，situation，condition，stage，position，scene，spot，activity，family，job等表示某人/物所处的情况、发展的阶段或表达某事物的某个方面时，where相当于from which，under which等，表示“从„„中，在„„情况下”等。

We’re just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.我们只是想尽力达到双方共同坐下来商谈的地步。

1．President Xi’s visit to the UK creates a win-win situation，________ both China and the UK will benefit a lot in economic and social development.(2017·盐城中学阶段检测，26)A．one where

C．which

答案 A 解析 句意为：习主席到英国的访问创造了一个中国和英国在经济和社交发展上双赢的局面。空后是一个完整的句子，不缺宾语或者主语，由此可以先排除C项。其他三个答案都有one，one后是定语从句，而one在从句中作的是地点状语，不能省略引导词，由此可以排除B项。one在这里是situation的同位语，意思是“一个„„的局面”并不是特指，所以不需要冠词，由此可以排除D项。故选A项。

2．The bullet train has quickened the rate ________ we travel from one place to another.(2017·丹阳高级中学期中，22)A．at which

C．to which

答案 A 解析 句意为：高速列车加速了我们从一个地方到另一个地方的旅行速度。把at which中的关系代词换上先行词放到从句中，则从句变为：We travel from one place to another at the rate.句意完整，然后用关系代词代替先行词，再把介词和关系代词放到从句句首引导定语从句就成了原题，故正确答案是A。

3．The increased responsibilities ________ her best qualities ________ were beyond most people.(2017·扬州中学期中，30)A．brought about；which B．brought out；that C．brought in；which

B．with which D．for which B．one

D．the one in which D．brought up；that 答案 B 解析 句意为：责任感的增加体现出她的优秀品质，这是大多数人不具有的。bring out使显现，符合句意。先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时，用that引导定语从句，故答案为B。4．It is said that a most popular emoji(expression of emotion on the Internet)is the “face with the rolling eyes”，________ is used in 14 percent of text messages.(2017·扬州中学期中，22)A．that

C．whose

答案 D 解析 句意为：据说，“翻白眼”成了网络上非常流行的表情符号，14%的短信用到它。空处是一个非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故填which。that不引导非限制性定语从句，what不引导定语从句，whose在从句中往往作定语，均不符合该题。故答案为D。

5．________ our senses are quite great and can generally meet our needs to go through the day，they are not all the things ________ they could be.(2017·华罗庚中学调研，24)A．As；that

C．Though；which

答案 D 解析 句意为：尽管我们的感官很了不起，并能大体上满足我们过完一天的需求，但是这些可能并不是它们的全部。根据句意可知，前后内容存在转折关系，故第一空用although，though或while引导让步状语从句；第二空引导定语从句，先行词是things，且前面有all修饰，关系词在定语从句中作表语，应用that引导，故选D项。

6．Titled Pain，the book contains 51 poems，________ written in the past three years，Zhao told China Daily in Beijing.(2017·溧水高级中学二模，26)A．most of which

C．most of what

答案 B 解析 句意为：赵在北京向《中国日报》表示，《痛苦》这本书包含了51首诗，它们中大部分是在过去三年中写成的。________ written in the past three years中没有谓语动词，故不是从句，不需要连词。实际上此处是一个独立主格结构，most of them为逻辑主语，written in the past three years为逻辑谓语，故选B。

B．most of them D．most of it B．Although；what D．While；that B．what D．which 7．As a student of Senior Three，he has very little free time ________ he can spend developing his own interest.(2017·南京九中学情调研，23)A．when

C．at which

答案 D 解析 句意为：作为一名高三学生，他几乎没有空闲时间可以发展自己的兴趣。此处先行词time被little修饰，所以用关系代词that作及物动词spend的宾语。

8．Yang Jiang’s Reaching the Brink of Life，the title of ________ refers to her late husband’s collection of essays，was published at the age of 97.(2017·南京学情调研，32)A．that

C．whose

答案 B 解析 句意为：杨绛的《走到人生边上》在她97岁时出版，该书的标题指的是她已故丈夫的散文集。分析句子成分可知，本题为定语从句。先行词为Reaching the Brink of Life，在从句中作of的宾语，先行词指物，因此用which，结合句意可知which符合题意。

9．The inner thoughts of the two young persons are revealed in the book，________ both of them fail to express.(2017·南通、扬州、泰州、淮安三模，29)A．where

C．who

答案 D 解析 句意为：这本书中揭露了这两个年轻人都未能表达其内心的想法。分析句子成分可知，本题为非限制性定语从句。先行词为the inner thoughts，从句中express的后面缺少宾语，结合句意可知which符合题意。

10．The international situation is currently undergoing great changes ________ UNESCO plays an irreplaceable role in promoting international cooperation.(2017·泰州中学摸底考试，34)A．that

C．which

答案 D 解析 句意为：国际形势正在经历着巨大的变化，其中联合国教科文组织在促进国际合作中发挥着不可替代的重要作用。这句话使用了定语从句，先行词是the international situation，定

B．what D．where B．when D．which B．which D．what B．in which D．that 语从句中不缺少主、宾、表，缺少的是地点状语，所以用where引导定语从句。故选D。11．In my opinion，one’s individual income does not wholly reflect the extent ________ one’s self-value and social value are realized.(2017·苏锡常镇四市二模，26)A．of which

C．on which

答案 D 解析 句意为：我认为一个人的收入不能完全体现其自我价值和社会价值实现的程度。to the extent是固定搭配，意为“达到这种程度”。which引导定语从句，指代extent，并作介词to的宾语，故答案为D。

12．We are committed to creating a world free from the homeless and the hopeless，a world ________ each and every corner is a true paradise.(2017·南京、盐城二模，29)A．that

C．of which

答案 C 解析 句意为：我们致力于创造一个远离无家可归和绝望的世界，一个每个角落都是真正的乐园的世界。先行词为world，代入定语从句后为every corner of the world is a true paradise，故选C项。

13．According to the report，the government will hold a meeting ________ people can voice their opinions on today’s global economy.(2017·如皋调研，21)A．which

C．when

答案 B 解析 句意为：据报道，政府将举行一个会议，在会议上，人们可以表达他们对当今全球经济的看法。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a meeting，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。

14．Teachers in primary schools ________ influence the kids fall under should be role models.(2017·苏北六市联考，27)A．whose

C．where

答案 A

B．who D．which B．where D．whose B．which D．from where B．with which D．to which 解析 句意为：小学老师们应该成为榜样，孩子们会受到他们的影响。根据句子结构可知，teachers是定语从句的先行词，孩子是受到老师的影响，即the kids fall under the teachers’ influence，应用whose引导定语从句，作influence的定语，故选A项。

15．Scientists think calculating is a necessary skill ________ they base their researches.(2017·苏北四市调研，28)A．on it

C．on which

答案 C 解析 句意为：科学家认为计算是必要的技能，他们的研究以此为基础。本题考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知，定语从句的先行词为skill，on it不能引导定语从句，介词后不能用that，排除A、B两项；把先行词代入定语从句后为they base their researches on the skill，由此可知选C项。

16．Last fall，I went to the US as an exchange student.I’ll never forget my homestay there ________ I became a real DIY enthusiast.(2016·南通、扬州、泰州调研，21)A．where

C．that

答案 B 解析 句意为：去年秋天我去美国做交换生，我不会忘记我在当地居民家居住的时期，当时我成了一个真正的DIY爱好者。这是一个定语从句，先行词为homestay(在当地居民家居住的时期)，表示时间，从句中缺少时间状语，故选B。

17．Many university graduates wish to be offered a job ________ they can find an opportunity to experience the excitement of it.(2016·镇江一模，25)A．which

C．where

答案 C 解析 句意为：很多大学毕业生希望能被提供一份工作，在这份工作中他们能找到机会去体验工作中令人兴奋的事情。a job为先行词，从句中缺少抽象地点状语in the job，故用关系副词where。

18．There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.A．as B．that C．when D．where

B．why D．what

B．when D．which B．on that D．on whose 答案 A 解析 本句是as引导的非限制性定语从句，代指前面整个句子，在从句中作主语。as is often the case事实往往如此。

19．It wasn’t easy having my friends talk about their freshman years ________ I wasn’t a part of.(2016·南京、盐城二模，31)A．whom

C．that

答案 C 解析 句意为：让我们的朋友讲述大学一年级时候的事情，而在那时候我又没有在其中，这样做是很难的。定语从句中缺少宾语，而先行词是years，故用关系代词that。

20．As a dark horse，China’s football team was through to the quarterfinals ________ it lost to the host country Australia.A．as

C．that

答案 D 解析 句意为：中国足球队作为一匹黑马一举进入四分之一决赛，在四分之一决赛中，输给了东道主澳大利亚队。quarterfinals为定语从句的先行词，从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导。故选D项。

6.高考英语语法知识 篇六

1．Located________ the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.(2017·江苏，23)A．why

C．which

答案 D 解析 句意为：由于位于“一带一路”的交汇处，江苏将为“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。空格处在过去分词located后面引导状语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，表示“在‘一带一路’的交汇处”，因此用where引导状语从句。

2．—Peter，please send us postcards ________ we’ll know where you have visited.—No problem.(2017·北京，22)A．but

C．for

答案 D 解析 句意为：——彼得，请寄给我们明信片，这样(so)我们就知道你去哪里旅游了。——没问题。后面表示结果，故用so。but表转折；or表选择；for是表因果关系的连词，后接原因。3．________ birds use their feathers for flight，some of their feathers are for other purposes.(2017·北京，25)A．Once

C．Although

答案 C 解析 句意为：虽然(although)鸟儿用羽毛来飞行，但是它们的一些羽毛也有其他用途。前后为让步关系，故用although引导状语从句。once一旦，引导时间状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；because因为，引导原因状语从句。

4．If you don’t understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people ________ you figure it out.(2017·北京，28)A．because

B．though B．If D．Because B．or D．so B．when D．where C．until

答案 C

D．since 解析 句意为：如果不了解某个事物，你可以研究、学习、与他人探讨，直到(until)弄清楚。until直到„„为止，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。because因为，引导原因状语从句；though尽管，引导让步状语从句；since自„„以来，由于，引导时间状语从句或原因状语从句。5．________ some people are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure.(2016·江苏，26)A．Because

C．Unless

答案 D 解析 句意为：尽管有些人受到成功需求的激励，而另外一些人却被失败的恐惧所激发。根据句意可知，这两句话之间为转折对比关系，故用while。

6．My grandfather still plays tennis now and then，________ he’s in his nineties.(2016·北京，27)A．as long as

C．even though

答案 C 解析 句意为：尽管我的祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍不时打网球。由句意可知，本句的前后两部分之间为让步关系，故选C。

7．I really enjoy listening to music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.(2016·北京，33)A．because

C．unless

答案 A 解析 句意为：我真的很喜欢听音乐，因为它有助于我放松身心，让我忘记一天中的其他烦恼。根据句意可知，句子前后为因果关系，故选A项。

8．I am not afraid of tomorrow，________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.(2016·北京，35)A．so

C．for

答案 C 解析 句意为：我并不害怕明天，因为我已经历了昨天并热爱今天。根据句意可知，句子前

B．and D．but B．before D．until B．as if

D．in case B．If D．While 后为因果关系，故选C项。

9．________ the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.(2016·天津，7)A．Unless

C．As

答案 C 解析 句意为：随着人口平均寿命的延长，越来越多的老人需要照顾。as在此处引导状语从句，表示“随着”。

10．It is so cold that you can’t go outside ______ fully covered in thick clothes.(2015·江苏，26)A．if B．unless C．once D．when 答案 B 解析 句意为：天太冷，你不能去外面，除非你全裹在厚衣服里。unless相当于if...not(如果„„不，除非)，符合句意。

11．________ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.(2015·浙江，9)A．Just as

C．Until

答案 A 解析 句意为：正如一个单词可以改变一个句子的意思一样，一个句子也可以改变一个段落的意思。just as正如，正像，符合语境。even though尽管；until直到；unless除非，如果不。12．He is a shy man，________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.(2015·北京，25)A．so

C．or

答案 B 解析 句意为：他是一个很害羞的人，但是他不害怕任何事和任何人。由句意可知前后两句之间为转折关系，故用but，选B。

13．You won’t find paper cutting difficult ________ you keep practicing it.(2015·北京，28)A．even though

C．as if

答案 B

B．as long as D．ever since B．but D．as

B．Even though D．Unless B．Until D．While 解析 句意为：只要你坚持练习，就不会觉得剪纸难了。even though 即使；as long as只要；as if 仿佛，好像；ever since 自„„以来。结合句意可知选B。

14．________ the damage is done，it will take many years for the farmland to recover.(2015·北京，32)A．Until

C．Once

答案 C 解析 句意为：耕地一旦被破坏，就要花费好多年才能恢复。until直到；unless除非；once一旦；although尽管。由句意可知选C。

15．If you miss this chance，it may be years ________ you get another one.(2015·重庆，4)A．as

C．since

答案 B 解析 句意为：如果你错过这次机会，可能得过好多年才能再有一次机会。该句考查“It will/may be＋一段时间＋before...”句式，表示“过多久才„„”。

16．________ scientists have learned a lot about the universe，there is much we still don’t know.(2015·安徽，23)A．Once

C．Though

答案 C 解析 句意为：尽管科学家们对宇宙已经了解甚多，但仍有许多我们还不知道的东西。once一旦；since自从„„以来；though尽管；unless除非。该题主要考查让步状语从句，故选C；A项常引导时间状语从句；D项常引导条件状语从句；B项常引导时间或原因状语从句。17．________ he once felt like giving up，he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.(2015·安徽，34)A．Where

C．In case

答案 A 解析 句意为：在他曾经想放弃的地方，他现在有决心前行并继续走下去。where在这里是连词，意思是“(在)„„的地方”。as当，因为；in case以防；now that既然。

B．As D．Now that B．Since D．Unless B．before D．after B．Unless D．Although 18．________ the students came from different countries，they got along quite well in the summer camp.(2015·福建，31)A．While

C．Since

答案 A 解析 句意为：尽管那些学生来自不同的国家，但是他们在夏令营相处得很好。此处用while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”。

19．________ the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.(2015·湖南，33)A．If only

C．Although

答案 C 解析 句意为：虽然这份工作要花大量的时间，但大多数学生都一致认为这次经历是值得的。句中的a significant amount of time与worth it之间构成对比，故用although引导让步状语从句。20．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another，________ plants can spread to new places.(2014·北京，21)A．so

C．for

答案 A 解析 句意为：一些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方，所以植物就能传播到新的地方。so表示因果关系，意为“因此”，符合句意，故选A。

B．or D．but B．After D．In case B．Unless D．Until

一、并列句易错点梳理

1．从属连词because不能与并列连词so连用；although和though不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。

Though he is young，he knows a lot.虽然他很小，但懂得很多。

2．not only 位于句首时，其后的分句要部分倒装，但but also后的分句仍用正常语序。有时 also可以省略。Not only did the dog bark at him，but it bit him.这只狗不但对他吠叫，而且咬了他。

3．for分句只能位于句尾，且其前面需用逗号隔开。它所连接的分句只是对前面的分句加以解释，补充说明理由或推断原因。The day breaks，for the birds are singing.天亮了，因为鸟在叫。

4．在“祈使句＋and/then＋陈述句”结构中，祈使句的意义相当于if引导的条件状语从句的肯定式；而在“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”结构中，祈使句的意义相当于if引导的条件状语从句的否定式。

Hurry up，or we’ll not catch the early bus.快点，否则我们就赶不上早班车了。

5．注意when(此时；这时)和while(而；却)这两个并列连词。I was just getting into the bath when the telephone rang.我正要洗澡这时电话响了。

I like drinking black coffee while he prefers it with cream.我爱喝清咖啡而他却喜欢喝加奶油的。

二、状语从句难点梳理

1．引导时间状语从句的特殊连词

引导时间状语从句的连词除了when，while，as，before，after等之外，名词短语every time，each time，any time，next time，the first time，all the time，the morning，the afternoon，the evening，the day，the month，the year，the moment，the instant，the second，the minute以及副词immediately，instantly，directly等都可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。Next time you come，do remember to bring your son here.下次你来的时候，一定记着把你儿子带来。Please let him phone me immediately he comes back.请让他一回来就给我打电话。

2．as引导让步状语从句时，从句必须要部分倒装 Old as he is，he is still energetic.尽管他上了年纪却还是精力充沛。

Much as you suspected him，you couldn’t provide powerful evidence.虽然你非常怀疑他，但是你却无法提供有力的证据。3．so that引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句的区别

so that引导目的状语从句，表示某种可能性，是主观意念，从句中往往含有may，can，might或could等情态动词；so that引导的结果状语从句，表示客观事实，从句里没有表目的的情态动词，一般要用逗号与主句隔开，从句只能放在主句后。

He spoke at the top of his voice so that the students at the back could hear him.他说话的声音很高，以便让后面的同学能听见。(目的)He spoke at the top of his voice，so that the students at the back heard him.他说话的声音很高，结果后面的同学都听见了。(结果)4．providing/provided/supposing/given(that)等引导的条件状语从句 Supposing(that)I don’t have a day off，what shall we do？ 假如我没有一天假期，那我们该怎么办？

1．________ you recognise ________ an idiom is being used，you can easily misunderstand the meaning of a sentence.(2017·盐城景山中学调研，34)A．If；that

C．Unless；when

答案 C 解析 句意为：除非你意识到什么时候使用习语，否则你很容易误解一个句子的意思。unless“除非”，表示条件，相当于if...not；第二个空所填词引导宾语从句，根据句意，从句中缺少时间状语，故用when引导。故选C项。

2．Jack appreciated his teachers’ help ________ he couldn’t find ways to express his gratitude.(2017·盐城亭湖中学段考，25)A．as if

C．so that

答案 B 解析 句意为：杰克感激他老师的帮助，尽管他找不到方法来表达他的感激之情。even though即使，尽管，虽然，符合句意。as if好像，仿佛；so that以便，所以；now that既然，由于。3．—Someone wants you on the phone.B．even though D．now that B．When；where D．Until；why —________ nobody knows I am here.(2017·丹阳高级中学期中，25)A．Although

C．So

答案 D 解析 句意为：——有人给你打电话。——但是没有人知道我在这儿。根据句子意思可知，前后两句明显为转折关系，因此选D项。

4．For successful people in the world，they always find brightness in the bad situation.________ others see a closed door，they see an open window.(2017·溧水高级中学二模，34)A．What

C．Where

答案 C 解析 句意为：对于世界上的成功人士来说，他们总能在困境中找到光明。在别人看见关着门的地方，他们会看到一扇开着的窗。where引导地点状语从句，符合句意。

5．Many homeless people，________ not mentally ill，simply lack the everyday survival skills needed to turn their lives around.(2017·南京学情调研，23)A．when

C．as

答案 D 解析 句意为：许多无家可归的人虽然精神正常，但缺乏让自己的日常生活彻底改变的生存技能。分析句子成分可知，本题为让步状语从句。结合句意可知while符合。

6．You can use this room for your club activities tomorrow ________ you keep it tidy and clean.(2017·南通、扬州、泰州、淮安三模，28)A．for fear that

C．on condition that

答案 C 解析 句意为：你明天可以用这个房间举行俱乐部活动，条件是你得保持房间的整洁干净。for fear that担心，害怕，引导目的状语从句；so that为的是，因此，引导目的或结果状语从句；even if尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句。on condition that如果，在„„的条件下，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。故选C项。

7．While working in Kunming，he checked the weather each morning for months ________ he

B．so that D．even if B．if D．while B．How D．When B．And D．But realized it would be the same every day.(2017·南京三模，33)A．when

C．before

答案 C 解析 句意为：在昆明工作的时候，他连续几个月每天早上查看天气预报后才意识到每天的天气都差不多。before做„„事后才„„。

8．________ the arguments，it’s necessary to consider the contributions Hong Kong Disneyland has made in lifting the number of tourists.(2017·扬州期末，23)A．Whatever

C．However

答案 A 解析 句意为：无论争论是什么，考虑到香港迪士尼乐园在提升游客人数方面已经做出的贡献是必要的。让步状语从句Whatever the arguments相当于Whatever the arguments are。所以答案为A。

9．One has reason to believe that China’s anticorruption over the past few years，________，has achieved inspiring progress.(2017·苏锡常镇四市一模，30)A．tough as it is

C．so tough it is

答案 A 解析 句意为：人们有理由相信中国的反腐败在过去的几年里尽管进行得很艰难，但已经取得了鼓舞人心的进展。as引导让步状语从句时，用部分倒装结构，即名词(单数时零冠词)/形容词/副词＋as＋主语＋谓语(动词)。故选A项。

10．How come every kid today is meant to be a champion for something ________ we know every kid can’t be a star？(2017·苏北六市联考，23)A．in case

C．when

答案 C 解析 句意为：既然我们知道不是每一个孩子都能成为明星，那为什么现在的每个孩子都必须是某个方面的优胜者呢？in case如果，引导条件状语从句；as if好像，引导表语从句或方式状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句。when在此处表示“既然”，符合句意。故选

B．as if D．unless B．as tough as it is D．as it is tough B．Whichever D．Whenever B．after D．since C项。

11．________ you think that your parents are mean-spirited at times，loving your parents is a normal and satisfying part of life.(2017·南通一模，26)A．Even if

C．As though

答案 A 解析 句意为：尽管有的时候你认为父母很刻薄，但是敬爱父母是生活中很正常而且令人有满足感的事情。even if尽管；now that既然；as though仿佛，好像；in case以防，万一。故选A项。

12．The number of stay-at-home fathers reached a record high last year，new figures show，________ families saw a rise in female breadwinners.(2017·南京、盐城二模，24)A．if

C．because

答案 B 解析 句意为：新的数据表明，随着家庭中挣钱养家的女性数量的上升，全职父亲的数量也在去年创出了新高。if引导条件状语从句；because引导原因状语从句；though引导让步状语从句。as随着„„，引导时间状语从句，故选B项。

13．We should protect our environment from being polluted ________ our next generation will enjoy a blue sky and live a healthy life.(2016·苏锡常镇四市二模，28)A．as if

C．even if

答案 B 解析 句意为：我们应该保护我们的环境免受污染，这样我们的下一代就可以享受蔚蓝的天空，过健康的生活。as if好像；so that以便，为的是；even if即使；in case以防万一。故选B。14．His injuries were severe.Five minutes late，______ he would have died.(2016·扬州一模，31)A．but

C．so

答案 D 解析 祈使句＋连词＋陈述句＝If引导的条件句＋主句。如果原句中的连词是and，那么可以转换成一个肯定的条件句；如果原句中的连词是or，可以转换成一个否定的祈使句。句意

B．or D．and B．so that D．in case B．as D．though B．Now that D．In case 为：他的伤很严重，如果再晚五分钟，他就会死掉。本句可以转换成：If it had been five minutes late，he would have died.。

15．Modern science has found that ________ one is using chopsticks，over 30 joints and over 50 muscles are used，which is a favorable stimulation to the brain.(2016·苏北四市质量抽测，26)A．since

C．unless

答案 D 解析 since因为；although虽然；unless除非；while当„„时候。句意为：现代科学发现，当人在用筷子时，有30个关节和50块肌肉共同作用，这对于大脑来说是个有利的刺激。16．She felt totally hopeless about the future ________ one day she learned about a charity which provided microloan to women to start business.(2016·苏锡常镇四市一模，32)A．until

C．unless

答案 A 解析 句意为：她对将来感到彻底绝望了，直到有一天她得知有个慈善机构能给开始创业的妇女提供微贷。until直到„„为止，引导时间状语从句；once一旦，引导时间状语从句；unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句；when引导时间状语从句。根据句意可知，选A。17．________ we never get entirely knocked out of the game，hope always remains.(2016·扬州一模，28)A．Although

C．Even though

答案 B 解析 句意为：只要我们没有完全被淘汰出游戏，就总会有希望。although尽管；so long as只要；even though尽管；unless如果不，除非。根据句意可知上下文之间是条件关系，所以使用so long as引导这个从句。

18．I see no reason why they shouldn’t go on playing basketball for another four or five years ________ they are fit enough.(2016·南通、扬州、泰州二模，26)A．unless

C．though

答案 D

B．so that D．providing that B．So long as D．Unless B．once D．when B．although D．while 解析 句意为：假如他们足够健康，我找不出他们不应该再打四五年篮球的理由。unless除非；so that以便，结果；though尽管；providing that假如，以„„为条件。故D正确。19．Peter bought a map as soon as he got to Los Angeles ________ he lost his way there.A．as though

C．even if

答案 D 解析 句意为：彼得一到洛杉矶就买了一张地图，以免在那里迷路。as though好像；now that既然；even if即使；in case以防，以免，符合语境。故选D项。20．True friends are those who are always there ________ you are rich or poor.A．however

C．when

答案 D 解析 句意为：真正的朋友是那些无论你贫穷还是富有都在你身边的人。whether...or无论„„还是，符合句意，故选D。

7.高考英语语法知识 篇七

一、关于高考英语语法填空题概述

英语语法填空作为近些年高考中经常出现的题型, 其要求主要是让学生结合文章的主旨和句子中的语法关系将答案写在空格处。这类题型不仅能考察学生对单词的辨析能力, 还考察学生对固定搭配用法的掌握程度, 以及特殊语境下一些单词的应用能力。但是, 归根结底, 其考察的还是学生对语言的综合运用能力和语篇理解能力。对于刚刚接触这类题型的学生来说, 在解题的过程中仍然有着较高的难度, 具体表现在以下几个方面:首先, 很多学生对这种题型有着一定恐惧感和抵触情绪, 在考试的时候通常将题目留在最后在进行解答;其次, 学生对词汇理解和掌握的水平较低, 无法真正理解文章的意思, 对于单词的各类词性和用法都不是十分理解, 致使名词填动词、过去式填将来时的情况时有发生, 成绩普遍较低。

二、如何培养学生高考英语语法填空的解题能力

教师应积极探索新的教学理念, 激发学生的学习兴趣, 提高他们的主观能动性和学生的学习效率。培养学生高考英语语法填空的解题能力, 具体来说, 主要有以下几个方法:减少学生的恐惧心理;给予词汇教学足够的重视;巧用解题技巧;注重语法的学习;具体内容如下:

1.减少学生的恐惧心理。导致学生在回答语法填空题时成绩不理想的原因之一, 就是学生对这类题型有着一定的恐惧心理。因此, 教师想要促进学生解题能力的提升, 应首先减少学生的恐惧心理, 采取有效的解决办法, 比如, 降低题目难度, 或者在教学中经常渗透语法填空题型, 经常鼓励学生大胆质疑, 提高他们的自信心, 只有这样, 才能为后期的学习奠定良好的心理基础。

2.给予词汇教学足够的重视。丰富的词汇量和词汇的用法不仅是成功解答语法填空题的重要前提, 更是学好英语的必要条件。多年的实践教学经验告诉我们, 词汇量的匮乏是导致学生语法填空题成绩较低的主要原因。因此, 教师应给予词汇教学足够的重视, 督促学生进行词汇量的积累, 积累的范围不仅要局限在教材中的内容, 还可以适当积累一些课外的常用词汇。同时, 教师还应强化单词词性教学内容, 让学生能够深入了解单词的词性和用法。比如, 数字的用法, 在表示倍数的时候, 即是once, twice, three times.而表示分数的时候, 基数词代表分子, 序数词代表分母, 分子大于1时, 分子的序数词用单数, 分母序数词用复数, 1/3 one-third.不难看出, 单词的词性、用法是有规律可循的, 教师应充分发挥自己的引导作用, 让学生能够摸清英语规律, 从而提高他们的学习效率。

3.巧用解题技巧。教师应教给学生基本的解题方法和技巧, 在日常的测试中, 应着重训练学生的解题技能, 保证英语教学的实效性。教师可以对多年的教学经验进行总结, 将规律直接传授给学生。比如, 因为句子主语和宾语都是由名词、动名词、代词或者不定式充当, 然而, 名词、动名词和不定式这些实词都会放在有提示词的空格中考察, 因此, 纯空格题所需要填的词在句子中处在主语或者宾语的位置时, 一般都是填代词。而对于两个功能对等的单词或者短语, 应填并列连词, 如and, or, but等。若是两个句子之间, 没有句号, 分号, 也没有连词的话, 空格处一定是填连接词, 若是不填连接词, 句子的结构就不够完整。此外, 句子中若是有表示范围的in/of介词短语, 或者形容词之前有the时, 一般都用最高级, 而than的前面一定要用比较级。

4.注重语法的学习。想要提高成绩, 除了要有丰富的词汇量、熟练的解题技巧, 还要了解各种语法, 因为语法的运用才是语法填空题解题的关键。在日常的教学过程中, 教师应加深学生对语法的理解力度, 让他们能够对语法学习中常见的问题、解决方法进行深入探究, 帮助他们夯实牢固的语法基础, 从而促进解题正确率的提升。

总而言之, 通过深入研究高考英语语法填空题的解题技巧来实现教学效率的进一步提升是具有一定的现实意义的。虽然, 现阶段在开展相关活动的过程中还存在一些不足, 但是, 只要教师积极拓展教学新领域, 创新工作模式, 转变工作理念, 树立以学生为本的原则, 突出学生的主体地位, 将素质教育理念逐渐融合到日常的教学活动中去, 只有这样, 才能在提高学生成绩的基础上, 促进他们综合素质的提升, 实现学生的全面发展。

参考文献

[1]赖婵娟.试论新课改后的高中英语填空题的解题方法[J].英语广场, 2015, (06) :45-46.

[2]梁雪妮.高考英语新题型下“语法填空题”教学策略及评价——一节“语法填空题”课的教学设计与反思[J].新课程研究 (基础教育) , 2010, (06) :98.

8.高考英语模块6—语法D 篇八

A. the; theB. a; a

C. /; theD. /; a

2. It is said that to classic music may be helpful in improving teenagers taste．

A. exposed

B. having exposed

C. being exposed

D. exposing

3. Most students attitudes towards fashion are reported nowadays in a recent survey．

A. changing

B. to be changing

C. having changed

D. to be changed

4. English can be difficult to learn， it is a very useful tool for communication．

A. SinceB. While

C. UnlessD. If

5. A performer who for a commercial performance uses a published work created by others doesnt need from， but shall pay amount of money to the copyright（版权） owner．

A. permissionB. allowance

C. permitD. patent（专利）