介绍北京的英文导游词

介绍北京的英文导游词（精选7篇）

1.介绍北京的英文导游词 篇一

介绍漓江的英文导游词

dear friends:

hello!

the poetic and picturesque li river originates in mountain mao’er(cat)at xin’an county about 80 km in the northeast of guilin.it winds and meanders its way for 170 kilometers, passing through guilin, yangshuo to the outlet of gongchen river in pingle county and then joins the xi river, which is the upper reaches of pearl river.the 83kmlong section from guilin to yangshuo has the best scenery and is the masterpiece of li river, decorated with rolling hills, steep cliffs, fantastic caves, leisurely boats and lined bamboos, which constitute a fascinating hundredkilometer picture gallery.gorgeous karst pinnacles give you surprises at each bend of the limpid river under the blue sky.its banks are covered with lush bamboo and luxuriantly green woods.the daily routines of the local people present you a picture of leisure country life: water buffalos patrol the fields, peasants reap rice paddies, village women do their laundry in the river, school kids and fisherman float by on bamboo rafts.with its breathtaking scenery and taste of a life far removed from the concrete metropolis, the scenery along the li river become one of china’s top tourist destinations and attracts thousands of visitors both from home and abroad.such numerous natural wonders along the 83kilometer riverbank from guilin to yangshuo have inspired the saying: “guilin has the most beautiful scenery in china, and yangshuo is the most beautiful part of guilin.”

hanyu, a famous poet in tang dynasty, vividly described the enchanting beauty of the li river in his poem: “the river looks like a blue silk ribbon, and the mountains resemble emerald hairpins”.the li river is famous for its unique beauty of four characteristics: verdant mountains, crystalclear water, mysterious caves, and exquisite rocks.the li river’s charm varies with every change of light.at the rainy season, the river is shrouded with mist, the hills look more graceful when covered with such a fine gauze.rain or shine you may enjoy it just as well.the eyefeasting landscape and country scenery will never disappoint you.li river cruise is a tour of highlight in guilin that no one should miss.depending on the season and level of the water, your boats depart from piers downstream from guilin and disembark passengers in yangshuo, a journey of about four hours.the li river also is a pleasant setting for displays of cormorant fishing.fishermen on bamboo rafts use strong lights suspended over the water to attract the fish.the cormorants, which are tethered with rings round the base of their necks, catch the fish and then disgorge them for the fishermen.如想查看更多的论文，请转到应届生毕业导游词栏目，我们为您准备了更丰富实用的最新范文，转载请注明出处。

2.介绍北京的英文导游词 篇二

1.1 Real Time

Oral English is the base of Interpretation.Guide should listen to visitors and think some question which visitors asked in the tourism process.The requirement is that tourist guide should focus, quick thinking, careful observation of visitors in the process.The real-time of interpretation needs tour guide know the knowledge of spots and relevant background ahead, and then guide can answer visitors`questions on real-time according to your past experience.

1.2 Accuracy

Accuracy is the basic requirement of interpretation.Pay very attention to the accuracy of the translation, such as the numbers names, places.A small mistake will cause troubles.Once the interpretation gone wrong, China's image will be affected.

1.3 Complexity

A good tour guide not only familiar with the business, bu also have good personal quality, including the level of knowledge psychology, and the ability to communicate.Guide involves extensive knowledge, wide coverage.guide also should know some local dialect in order to understand the local people in remote mountain areas.

1.4 Flexibility

Tourism is the leisure activity as the purpose, the process o the tourism should also be lively.Interpretation should try to make it to life.tourists and guide get along easily and happily English-speaking guide face visitors from different countries, different ages and status, so guide should arrange reasonable activity during the journey.

2 Oral Skills of English-speaking Guide

2.1 Simplify the complex sentence

English-speaking guide demands to be understood by foreign tourists.Therefore, guide language need concise, accurate and easy to understand.Guild should keep the long range into a simple sentence, so that foreigners can easy understand.

2.2 Simplify the explanation content

Guide should simplify the long sentences, such as the explanation and comparison.For example, if you want to intruduce China Cloisonne, that is it was developed during the reign o Emperor Chingtai of Ming dynasty.Most foreigners are not familiar with China's dynasties, so guild should add the sentences into the explanation. (Ming dynasty was from 1450-1456 AD.) Foreigners tourises would understand easily.

2.3 Simplify the terminology

Minimize the use of the over-specialization words.The Hal of Supreme Harmony in Forbidden City, for example, there has several kinds of translation, such as the hall of Supreme, Harmony, Supreme Harmony Hall and so on.the complex words can no easily understood by foreign tourists.

3 The Pre-cautions of English-speaking Guide

3.1 The translation of the sites

Experts believe the translation of name is best, that is we should follow rhythm and the habit of foreigners, if we want to translate the Chinese names of“漓江”, we can call Lijiang River The translation of attractions name should be adopted in the existing, widely accepted translation.

3.2 Language Style

1) The work of guide is to introduce tourism resources, offer the guide service for tourists.Therefore, the English language must be precise, vivid, accurate, and also be suitable for the ears clear and crisp, concise, complete sound.

2) The use of the interrogative and imperative sentence.The interrogative sentence is used to put forwords questions, increase visitors`interesting.For example:

A.__Do you know how many steps there are from here to the top of the mountain?

B.___Why is Cloisonnéalso called in Chinese"Jingta Blue"?

The imperative sentences calls on people to do something such as requests, orders, exhortations and so on.Tourist guide should reminde the visitors of theirs personal and property safety enjoy the cultural and natural scenery, urging or persuasion Such as:

A.___Please remember the bus number.

B.___Do not drink unboiled water here because it migh make you sick.

C.___Let`s head for the hotel.It`s about an hour`s ride.So please sit back and relax.

3) The cultural differences.The cultural differences between China and others country, foreigners may not fully understand the Chinese people.Therefore, when introducing some cultural history, guide should do some explanation.For example, one of the Chinese Festival is San Yue San Festival, is was not enough to translated into San Yue San Festival, should be coupled with appropriate explanations, such as:The festival usually takes place on the third day of the lunar third month, when minority people especially the young get together for folksong contest or making friends with each other.

4) Distinguish the main focus.In introducing the touris spots, guide often meet the location, history, population, area.For example:the sentence of“重庆位于中国西南部，面积8.24万平方公里，人口3107万，是国内外旅游胜地之一”, we can translated like this:Located in the southwest of China, Chongqing is one of the famous tourist attractions both at home and abroad with an area of 82, 400 square kilometers and a population o3, 107 million people.This will satisfy the English translation, the main information use the predicate verb expression, the secondary information use the non-predicate form.

Guide Interpretation is an art, in order to do this work well guide must make painstaking efforts.Guide must think abou tourists from the beginning to the end, based on dissemination o Chinese culture, guide also had to strengthen the translation o theoretical knowledge, develop scientific approach and has tough spirit of exploration, more than siqin ask, check all the information, and raise its operational capacity, only this way can guide improve the tourist service quality.

参考文献

[1] 蒋欣欣, 俞博.浅谈导游口译特点[J].湖北经济学院学报, 2007 (10) .

[2] 于本凤.外语导游在涉外旅游活动中注意的几点问题[J].商 场现代化, 2007 (5) .

[3]李丽华.谈导游英语的口语化教学[J].辽宁高职学报, 2007 (6) .

[4] 杨慧.论导游翻译中普遍存在问题及解决途径探析[J].翻译 交流, 2007 (12) .

[5] 陈剐.旅游翻译与涉外导游[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公 司, 2004.

[6] 许明武, 王明静.中国世界文化遗产对外宣传解说翻译失误 分析[J].中国翻译, 2006 (3) .

[7] 播文国.汉英语对比纲要[M].北京:北京语言文化大学出版 社, 2002.

3.春节英文小介绍 篇三

Introducing Spring Festival

The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. It originated^[起源] in the Shang Dynasty from the people’s sacrifices^[祭品] to gods and ancestors^[祖先] at the end of an old year and the beginning of a new one.

During the last ten days before Spring Festival, store owners are busy as everybody goes out to purchase^[购买] necessities for the New Year. Materials not only include edible^[食用的] oil, rice, poultry^[家禽], fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and all kinds of nuts. What’s more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children as well as gifts for the elderly, friends and relatives are all on the list of purchasing.

Before the New Year comes, people completely clean the inside and outside of their homes. Then they begin decorating^[装饰] their clean rooms with an atmosphere^[气氛] of joy and festivity^[欢庆]. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets^[对联]. Also, pictures of the gods of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off^[避开] evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance^[充裕]. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass.

According to custom, each family will stay up to count down for the New Year on the eve of the Spring Festival. Lighting firecrackers^[爆竹] was once the most typical custom during the Spring Festival. People thought the banging and popping could help drive away evil spirits. Children will get money as a New Year’s gift, wrapped^[包裹] up in red packets. A series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern^[灯笼] dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held for days. The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is over.

春节是我国民间最重要的传统节日，就像西方的圣诞节一样，这是一家团聚的时刻。春节起源于殷商时期辞旧迎新之际的祭神祭祖活动。

在春节前最后十天，大小商铺生意兴隆，因为人们都忙于置年货。年货包括油、米、鸡、鸭、鱼、肉，还有糖饵果品及各式各样的果仁。除此之外，人们还要准备各种各样的装饰物，为小孩子添置新衣新鞋，以及准备过年时走亲访友、孝敬长辈的礼品。

春节前，人们会把屋子里里外外都打扫得干干净净。然后，他们会把家装饰得充满节日气氛—门的两侧贴上春联，大门前还要贴上门神和财神的画像以避邪迎福，在窗户玻璃上贴上红色剪纸。

4.北京英文导游词 篇四

The discovery included six complete skulls of Peking Man, 12 skull fragments, 15 mandibles(1), 157 teeth and some sections of broken femur(2), shinbone(3), and upper arm bones belonging to more than 40 individuals of different ages and sexes. In addition 100,000 fragments of stone tools were found together with sites used for fire and burnt bones and stones.

Peking Man created a unique Old Stone Culture which had much influence to the Old Stone Culture of north China. Stone tools are the principal relics of this remote culture. Also discovered in Zhoukoudian are stone points, a new production tool then, and bone articles made and used by Peking Man. Found in the caves were such tools as the larger end of an antler that had been used as a hammer and the sharp end of an antler used as a digging tool. The use of fire was a milestone of the development of civilization and the discovery of Peking Man has pushed back the time that man first used it by tens of thousands of years. The largest ash pile discovered in the caves is six meters thick. Fire allowed people to eat cooked food instead of raw food and promoted the development of the brain and improved health. With his rough tools and simple living conditions Peking man created a unique and very ancient culture.

5.北京旅游英文导游词 篇五

Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the Summer Palace.

(After the self-introduction of the guide -interpreter) I hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you .

During our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.

The construction of the Summer Palace first started in 1750.

At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories.

The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong.

With supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday.

After 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as a testimony to China` s scientific and technological achievements.

In 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan (Garden of Perfection and Brightness) by Angol-French allied forces.

In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony (Summer Palace).

Characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the Summer Palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.

This is the main entrance to the Summer Palace-the East Gate On top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a Chinese inscription which means “Garden of Nurtured Harmony” , whose calligrapher was Emperor Guangxu.

The gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother.

All others used the side doors.

(Inside the East Gate)

the Summer Palace can be divided into two parts: Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake .The whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three- fourths consists of a lake and rivers .This imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest.

The layout of the Summer Palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas.

Entering the East Gate we will come the the office quarters.

Entering the East gate we will come to the office quarters.

The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty.

This is the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity.

Above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both Chinese and Manchurian characters.

The gigantic rock in the foreground is known as Taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in Jiangsu Province and placed here to decorated the garden.

On the marble terrace sits a bronze mythical beast, known as Qilin or Xuanni .

It was said to the one of the nine sons of Dragon King.

A point of peculiar interest is that it has the head of a dragon, antlers of a deer, the tail of a lion and hooves of a ox, and is covered with a unique skin.

IT was considered an auspicious creature that brought peace and prosperity.

This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity.

It was built in 1750 , and was known as the Hall of Industrious Government.

Emperor Qianlong ruled that the halls where monarchs attended to state affairs would be named after them .

After the rebuilding of the Summer Palace, the hall was renamed, suggesting that benevolent rulers would enjoy long lives.

The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched.

In the middle of the hall stands a throne made of sandalwood and carved with beautiful designs.

In the background there is a screen carved with nine frolicking dragons.

On either side of the throne there are two big fans made of peacock feathers, two column-shaped incense burners, crane-shaped lanterns and an incense burner assuming the form of Luduan, a mythological animal which was suppose to have the power to prevent fire.

The small chambers on eight side were where the Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi rested and met officials on formal occasions.

On the verandah in the foreground of the hall there are bronze statues of dragon and phoenixes which served as incense burners on major occasions.

They are hollow and smoke comes through holes on their backs.

Also on the veranda are Tai Ping (Peace) bronze water vats made during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.

As a precaution in case of fire, a fire was lit underneath the vats in the winter to keep the water in them from freezing.

(At the entrance of Garden of Virtuous Harmony)

we are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Beijing Opera performances.

IT mainly consists of the Dressing House, The Grand Theater Building and the Hall of pleasure smiles.

The grand Theater Building known as the “Cradle of Beijing Opera” was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated.

On September 10, 1984, the Garden of Virtuous Harmony opened its doors to visitors.

There are also 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

The staff here put up court dresses of Qing Dynasty in order to give the visitor a more vivid impression.

(In front of the Grand Theater Building)

this building is 21 meters in height and 17 meters in width and features three tiers of tilted eaves and stages.

All of the stages are connected to a raise ,and a winch is installed at the top.

A well and 5 ponds were sunk under the ground stage.

There are trapdoors in the ceiling for fairies to descend, as well as on the floor for demons to surface.

The underground passages also served as a means of improving resonance and making the performers` voices more audible .Of the three main theater building of the Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and the largest.

The other two are Changyin (Fluent Voice ) Pavilion in Chengde, an imperial summer resort.

The building played a major part in fostering the birth and development of Beijing opera: since the completion of the Grand Theater Building, many performances were held in it in honor of the Empress Dowager Cixi.

(A lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall of Jade Ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall of Benevolent and longevity.

It appears that there` s nothing special ahead.

However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake.

This is a application of a specific style of Chinese gardening.

Not far away in the lake there is a islet.

It is filled with peach and weeping willow trees and serves as a ideal place to appreciate the scenery.

The pavilion on the islet is called Zhichun (Understanding Spring) Pavilion and is chardcterized by four- edged, multiple eaved roofs.

(In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwelling is the Hall of jade Ripples.

It was first used by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs.

IT was also where Emperor Guangxu of the late Qing dynasty was kept under house arrest.

This hall is a hallmark of the Reform Movement of 1898, Emperor Guanxu was Empress Dowager Cixi` s nephew.

After Emperor Tongzhi died, Empress Dowager Cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her wielding of power behind the scenes.

When Emperor Guanxu was 19 years old ,Empress Dowager Cixi relinquished power to him but continued to exert considerable influence.

In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the corn principles of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws.

The movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi.

The emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and Emperor Guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years .All the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard.

Emperor Guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs.

The wall remains intact for tourists to see..

Dynasty while reforming outdated laws.

The movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi.

The emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and Emperor Guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years .All the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard.

Emperor Guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs.

The wall remains intact for tourists to see.

(In front of Yiyunguan (Chamber of Mortal Beings)

this was where Empress and empress dowager of China` s feudal system.

However, Emperor Guanxu was not the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty.

The last in the line was Emperor Puyi, who ascended the throne in 1908 at the age of three, too young to be married .

In 1912, he was forced to abdicate.

During the short reign of Emperor Puyi.

Empress Longyu handled state affairs on his behalf in the name of Empress Dowager.

In 1911, a revolution led by Dr.

Sun Yat-sun succeeded, and the year after, Empress Longyu announced the abdication of the last emperor of China.

(In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity)

the aged empress Dowager Cixi was so fond of the Summer Palace that she decided to live here from April through October of every year.

This group of buildings served as her residence.

This group of courtyard dwellings consists of a forecourt and a backyard with annex courts on each side .The whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting .

With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hall of Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient.

No wonder one of Empress Dowager Cixi` s pleasure boat.

On the pier there is a tall lantern post.

Flanking the staircase leading to the main entrance of the hall, there are bronze cranes, deer and vases, symbolizing universal peace.

The interior layout is the same as the imperial court, with throne, a large table and incense burners placed in the middle.

At mealtime, eunuchs-in –waiting would make a gigantic table out of this table and Empress Dowager Cixi would dine on 128 courses.

Because of this more than 1,800 tales of silver would be spent each month on meals.

On the east side of the Living Room is the Cloak Room.

The bedroom in on its west.

In front of the yaoyue (Inviting the Moon ) Gate of the Long Corridor

The famed Long Corridor is ahead.

Facing Kunming lake and in the foreground of Longevity Hill, the Long Corridor stretches from Yaoyue (Inviting the Moon ) Gate to Shizhang (Stony Old Man) Pavilion.

IT is 728 meters in length and consist of 273 sections and connects four octagonal pavilions.

In 1990 ,it was listed in Guinness Book of World Records.

(Strolling along the Long Corridor)

The Long Corridor is one of the major structures of the Summer Palace .Since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of Longevity Hill , four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions (Beauty-Retaining Pavilion, Enjoy-the Ripples Pavilion, Autumn Water Pavilion and Clarity Distance Pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation.

Thus sightseers will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain.

As a major part of the architectural style of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the Lake and the hill.

Scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to creat a unified complex.

This corridor can also be called a “corridor of paintings ”: There are more than 14,000 paintings on its beams.

Some of them are of birds, flowers and landscapes of the West lake in Hangzhou, Zhejian Province.

Others present scenes from literary classics.

The majority of the landscape painting were done under the order of Emperor Qianlong, who preperred the scenery of South China.

(By the door leading to the exhibition of cultural relics)

this group of temple-shaped structures are known as Qinghua (Clarified China) Hall ,also known as Arhat Hall during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.

The original hall burned down in 1860.

After it was reconstructed, it was renamed.

Qinghua Hall is now used as a exhibition hall displaying rare cultural relics collected in the Summer Palace.

The hall consists of 6 exhibition rooms with tens of thousands of articles of treasure on display in turn.

Among the exhibits there are bronze ware, porcelain, jade assemblages from the Ming and Qing dynasties, and rare and paintings.

There is also a gigantic stone slab, which is more than 3 meters in height and width.

It bears the handwritten inscriptions of Emperor Qianlong is commemoration of the suppression of a rebellion in the Xinjiang region.

Only this slab survived when the Angle-French allied forces set fire to the Summer Palace.

(In front of the Gate of Dispelling Clouds)

Now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the Tower of Buddhist Incense within the Hall of Dispelling Clouds.

The Hall of Dispelling Clouds was where numerous palatines kowtowed to Empress Dowager Cixi.

It was surrounded by galleries and flanked by annex halls.

In the forecourt there is a pool and marble bridges .

Starting from the lakeside, there lies in succession a memorial archway, the Gate of Dispelling Clouds, the Hall of Dispelling Clouds and the Tower of Buddhist Incense.

All of these structures are built on a central axis and each is taller than its predecessor.

This was designed to give prominence to the last structure, the Tower of Buddhist Incense, which was a symbol of imperial power.

The layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in Buddhist sutras.

This group of structure are among the most magnificently constructed here in the Summer Palace.

(Inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds)

The original buildings on this site were burned down by the Anglo-French allied forces in 1860.

A new set of structures was built during the reign of Emperor Guanxu, and was called the Hall of Dispelling Clouds, suggesting that it was a fairyland.

The hall was built on a high terrace, and has 21 room.

Inside the hall are a throne, screens, tripods and mandarin fans.

On a platform you will see bronze dragons, phoenixes and tripods.

At the foot of the platform there are four bronze water vats, the ancient form of fire extinguishers.

The 10th day of lunar October was ,Empress Dowager Cixi` s birthday.

On that day ,she sat on the throne here to receive congratulations and gifts.

Now we are going to pay a visit to the highlight of the Summer Palace- the Tower of Buddhist Incense.

What we are now standing on is a stone terrace which is 20 meters in height.

It has a semi housed stairway of 100 steps, you will live for 100 years.

So, let` s go !

(In the front of the Tower of Buddhist Incense)

An octagonal structure with three storeys and quadruple eaves, the Tower of Buddhist Incense is the very center of the Summer Palace, and is one of the masterpieces of ancient Chinese architecture.

The tower is 41 meters in height, and is buttressed by 8 solid pillars made of lignumvitae logs.

With its complex structure, ingenious layout, towering terrace and convincing grandeur, the Tower of Buddhist Incense was artfully set out by the imperial gardens and beautiful scenery surrounding it .The Tower overlooks Kunming Lake and other picturesque spots within an area of tens of kilometers .On the west side of the Tower stands Baoyunge (Precious Cloud Pavilion).

IT is made of bronze and is7.5 meters in height and 270 tons in weight.

It resembles its wooden counterparts in every detail.

It is one of the largest and most exquisite bronze pavilions still on existence in China.

Lamas prayed here during the reign of Emperor Qianlong in honor of the monarchs and their families.

At the turn of the century 10 bronze windows were spirited abroad.

In 1992 an American company bought the windows and returned them intact to China.

(On a hilltop leading from the back door of Tower of Buddhist Incense)

Now we can see the long and snaking Western Causeway and a shorter dike that divides Kunming Lake into three areas that contain South Lake Island, Seaweed-viewing Island and circle city island.

The three island represent three mountain in ancient Chinese mythology, i.

e.

penglai, Fangzhang and Yingzhou.

This peculiar method of incorporating a lake a three mountains within a single garden was a brainchild of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, bearing testimony to feudal monarchs` s longing for longevity.

As the legend goes many heavenly elixirs grew on the three mythical islands.

Using artificial building techniques, the ancient Chinese built this masterpiece based on the myth to make the mythical on appear to be accessible to humans.

(Inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest)

Setting a garden within a larger garden has been one of China traditional architectural styles.

The Garden of Harmonious Interest serves as a fine example of this.

This Garden was built under the order of Emperor Qianlong and modeled after the Jichang Garden (Garden of Ease of Mind )at the foot of Mount Huishan, Jiansu Province.

IT was renamed by his son Emperor Jiaqing in 1811.

The existing Garden was rebuilt by Emperor or Guangxu.

Empress Dowager Cixi used to go fishing here.

The Garden features 10 waterfront platforms, pavilions and halls as well as hundreds of galleries

With all of its structures facing the lake and pools, the Garden of Harmonious Interest is basically a garden of waterscape.

Spanning the vast expanse of the lake and pools are five bridges, each quite different from the others.

The most famous of them is the bridge known as “Knowing –the Fishing-bridge.” IT is said that more than 2,500 years ago during the Warring States Period, two philosophere named Zhuang Zi had an interesting argument by the side of a pond.

Zhang said, ”Fish swim to and fro in the water.

What happy fish!”

Hui asked , ”You are not a fish.

How do you know they are happy? ”

Zhuang replied, “You are not me .How do you know I don’t know? ”

Hui signed, “I am not you ,therefore, I don’t know you .

And you are not a fish ,so how

do you know that fish are happy? ”

Zhang said, “you ask me how I know fish are happy, why do you keeping me the same question?”

Although The Garden of Harmonious Interest was designed after Jichang Garden, it not only absorbed the original designs, but exceeded it .

(Outside the south entrance to Suzhou Shopping Street)

Now lets have a look at longevity Hill.

On the back slope of the Hill stands a group of architectures.

The centerpiece of structures there are known as the Four Continents and are dedicated to Buddhism.

This group was laid out and arranged in accordance with Buddhist cosmology.

Aside from a main shrine and structures embodying the Four Continents, there are eight towers representing Minor Continents.

The shrine is surrounded by four Lamaist pagodas and between the major and minor continents, there two platforms representing the sun and the moon.

The Qing authority attached great importance to Buddhism.

To further strengthen ties with the ethnic minorities who practiced Buddhism, the monarchs incorporated both Han and Tibetan styles of architecture into this group of temples.

Further north at the foot of the Four Major Continent lies the Suzhou Shopping Street.

Built along the Back Lake of the Summer Palace, this street stretches about 300 meters and features more than 60 stores.

It includes restaurants, teahouses, pawnshops banks, drugstores dye houses and publishing houses.

In order to recreate the atmosphere of ancient times, visitors will have the chance to exchange their money to ancient style Chinese coins for use here.

Storefronts are trimmed with traditional signboards and ornaments.

The commercial culture of the mid-18th century has thus been recreated.

(Atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou Shopping Street)

visitors may be surprise to see that this shopping street is almost the same as that in South China.

As a matter of fact, this street was designed after the shops along the canals in Suhzhou.

Originally known as Emperor` s Shopping Street, it was built during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.

After making several inspection tours to South China and being duly impressed by its commercial prosperity, Emperor Qianlong ordered the construction of this street.

The imperial shopping street was burnt down by Anglo-French allied forces in 1860.

The site remained desolated until 1987, when reconstruction began.

It was opened to the public in September 1990.

With commercial culture as its hallmark, the Suzhou Shopping Street is a vivid representation of China` s traditional cultures.

(On the road from the south fate of the suzhou shopping street to the marble boat)

This is the hall of Pines.

From it to the west we can walk to the Marble Boat.

The path we aree taking stretches between Longevity Hill and Back Lake.

Monarchs and their cohorts used to stroll along it .Hence it was named Central Imperial Path.

Along this path you will see lilacs all around.

Hence, this road is also known as the Path of Lilac.

(In front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring)

Quite a few unique structures were burnt down during the reign of emperor Qianlong, among which the Garden of Complete Spring was one of the most famous.

The ruined and desolate courtyard by the roadside was its original site, it remains to be restored.

This group of structures cover an area of 4,000 square meters and features a number of halls built on three different levels.

All of the structures were connected with galleries and stone staircases.

With its natural and ingenious combination of pavilions, a hall, galleries and rooms, the Garden of Complete Spring serves as a fine model for other gardens.

Emperor Qianlong frequently visited this compound.

(Along the lakeside by the Marble Boat)

Now we have returned from the back of Longevity Hill to the front.

There is the famous Marble Boat.

This structure is 36 meters in length and its body was made of marble.

On top of it is a two storeyed structure.

The floor was paved with colored bricks.

All of the windows are inlaid with multi-colored glass and the ceiling was decorated with carved bricks.

The drainage system channels rain water down through four hollow concrete pillars and into the lake through the mouth of dragon heads.

According to a book written by Emperor Qianlong, the boat was used for enjoying the scenery and was supposed to be symbolic of the stability of the Qing Dynasty.

Halfway up the slope there stands the Hall for listening to Orioles .

The ancient Chinese liken the warble of an oriole to beautiful songs and melodies, hence the name of the hall which used to be a theater.

Now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in China, featuring imperial dishes and desserts.

It is a must for many foreign visitors to have lunch here when then come to Beijing.

More than one hundred heads of state worldwide have dined here and the late Premier Zhou Enlai has held banquets here in honor of state guests.

(Sightseers who want to try the restaurant can go boating after they eat.

Those who do not can go abroad right away.

Those who do not feel like taking the boat can stoll along the Long Corridor to the outside of the East Gate).

(Boating on Kunmin Lake)

we are now going to enjoy the lakeside scenery from a pleasure boat.

As a main part of the Summer Palace, Kunming Lake covers an area of 220 hectares, or three fourths of the combined space of this summer resort.

This natural lake is more than 3500 years old.

This lake was originally called Wengshan Lake.

In 1749 Emperor Qianlong ordered the construction of Qingyi Garden, the predecessor of the Summer Palace.

Involving nearly 10,000 laborers, the lake was expanded and turned into a peach-shaped reservoir, the first of its kind for Beijing.

From 1990 to 1991, the Beijing Municipal Government ordered the first dredging of the lake in 240 years .Involving 200,000 men and hundreds of dredgers and other tools, a total of 625,600 cubic meters of sludge was dredged and 205 bombs dropped by the Japanese during the Anti-Japanese War were removed.

The summer palace set a precedent for sightseeing by boat.

There used to be a large imperial flotilla, of which the “Kunming Merry Dragon” was the most famous.

It was destroyed by the Anglo-French allied forces in 1860.

To make the tour of the Summer Palace a more pleasant one, a large pleasure boat “Tai He ” (Supreme Harmony )was built.

This double –decked boat is 37.09 meters long,8,59 meters wide and 10.49 meters high.

It can travel at a speed of 9 kilometer per hour.

Small pleasure boats are also available to tourist.

Another major spot of interest on the Western causeway is Jingming (Bright View ) Hall.

Both its front and rear face the lake.

This structure also features three two- storeyed halls of varying heights.

Our tour is drawing to a close as we approach the shore.

Today we only visited the major scenic areas of the Summer Palace.

I have left other spot of interest for your next visit.

I will show you out through the East Gate.

I hope you enjoyed today` s tour.

6.北京天坛英文导游词 篇六

(Along the Imperial Passage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar)

The Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls, each containing four groups of Southern Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether. Standing on the passage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.

On the day of the ceremony, the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the alter.

(Atop the Circular Mound Alter)

7.中外英文导游词语步异同分析 篇七

摘 要：导游词在旅游业中有着举足轻重的作用，为了探寻中外导游词的差异，本文以Bhatia广告体裁分析模型中划分的语步为基准，选择了两本由中外作者编写的关于山西的导游词进行分析。对比后发现两个版本的异同点，希望对中文导游词编写有所帮助，以期能吸引更多外国游客，传播山西文化。

关键词：语步结构；导游词；中外；对比分析

中图分类号：H159 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1673-2596（2014）05-0150-05

国家旅游局综合协调司司长张坚钟2011年曾说过，中国已经成为亚洲最大的出境旅游客源国和世界第三大入境旅游接待国，并在形成世界上最大的国内旅游市场。世界旅游组织曾经预测，到2020年，中国将成为世界上第一大旅游目的地和第四大客源输出国。

山西省拥有悠久的历史，丰富的旅游资源和深厚的文化底蕴，作为位居全国第一的国家级重点文物保护单位，享有“中华文明的主题公园”和“古建艺术博物馆”的美誉，深受国内外游客喜爱。近几十年来，越来越多的外国游客慕名来到山西，了解当地的文化的风土人情，这就对涉外导游词的编写带来很大挑战。

为了吸引广大国内外游客前往山西观光旅游，市面上出现了许多版本的山西中文导游词。然而与之不协调的是，相对应的英文版本较少，仅有的几个版本也没有统一的编写标准，大部分英文版是中文导游词的对应翻译。在介绍景点的表达形式上仅局限于文字表述，缺乏多样性。在内容编排上，未能全面考虑到外国游客的文化背景和旅游需求，只是对景点历史和现状的一些介绍。在信息的提供上着重于景点介绍，没有涉及气候，食宿，语言，周边环境等情况的介绍，略缺乏实用性。

本文选取《走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范》Travel across Shanxi——Demonstration of commentaries of Famous Scenic Spot Sightseeing Tour Guide①和 Lonely Planet China②这两本书中关于山西的景点介绍进行语步分析。选择《走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范（中英文版）》是因为该版本由山西省成立最早、规模最大的人民出版社出版，参考了山西大学旅游学院张世满教授主编、山西省直属机关党委专职副书记安瑞生审稿的《走遍山西——著名景点导游词选粹（一）》一书中相关内容，较为权威，有较强的示范性。选取Lonely Planet China作为外文对比版本，是因为这套书编排新颖，销售量高，在全球均有较好反响。通过对比这两本书，总结出两者在语步上的异同点，找到中外导游词在语篇布局上的差异，从而希望能从外国游客的视角为中文导游词的编写提供一些参考，传播山西文化，促进山西旅游业的发展。

一、涉外导游词及Bhatia广告体裁分析模型中的语步划分

涉外导游词，即导译文本，通过对景点的介绍，希望能吸引潜在游客的注意，激发他们旅游的欲望。它作为让外国游客了解中国的一个重要的窗口，内容丰富，涉及领域广泛，对导游词的编写有着较高的要求。目前对于导游词的研究不在少数，但多数围绕景点名称、标识语、段落语句等进行分析： 刘锋，陈春梅，李珊珊、徐桂英，倾向于对文本内容或具体翻译方法进行分析：吴俊辉，尚宏等，很少有学者从体裁分析领域进行研究，从宏观上分析语篇的语步。本文旨在通过对中外导游词语步的分析，来发现中外作者在编写导游词时各自所采用的语步。

Bhatia提出语篇不是固定不变的使用模式，即使是同一种体裁，内在结构和语言风格特点都还是在一定范围内产生变化和差异的。语步分析是体裁分析的一个重要方面，利用语步结构分析某种特定的体裁，对构建新语篇，了解语篇的内在宏观结构有很大作用。

Bhatia将旅游广告结构分为以下九个语步：（1）标题，（2）确定目标市场，（3）证明产品或服务：说明产品或服务的重要性、需要；建立某一市场，（4）详述产品或服务：进行标识，描述，阐述产品/服务的价值，（5）产品认可，（6）名人/特定使用者的认可（代言），（7）进行诱导，（8）压力策略，（9）寻求反馈。

导游词作为旅游广告的亚体裁，虽然两者不完全等同，但导游词的语类结构应是在旅游广告语步的基础上形成的。因而以上旅游广告结构的九个语步，可以为导游词的语步分析提供较大范围的参考。

陈刚将涉外导游词分为了三类：预制类（pre -translated type），现编类（impromptu presentation type）和预制现编类（combined type）。这里着重要讨论的是预制类文本。此种文本是一种事先翻译好的、用于口头导游的、以海外旅游者为对象的一种特殊文本。

二、中文导游词基本语步及其定义

Bhatia将广告旅游结构划分的9个语步，确定了旅游介绍的总体结构框架。作为旅游广告亚体裁的景点导游词，其语步也应相应从属于广告旅游结构的语步。中外导游词虽然属于同一种体裁，但在语篇的布局上肯定会有所区别。下表是对《走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范》一书中的山西景点的英文介绍进行的语步分析。这本书共有22篇景点介绍，涵盖了云冈石窟，五台山，晋祠，平遥古城，皇城相府等省内著名景点。在参考Bhatia了对广告旅游结构的语步划分，分析了书中每一篇景点介绍的布局后，作者归纳总结出书中每一篇景点介绍都包含的语步：

从上表可以看出，《走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范（中英文版）》中的景点导游词都由5个语步构成，顺序分别为：1.H 标题，2.IH历史介绍，3.H亮点，4.O & I具体信息介绍，5. CE历史/游客/名人/权威机构的认可。且每一篇介绍都着重于第二、四和五语步的介绍，即关于山西某一景点历史的回顾、具体情况的介绍和一些名人或相关部门对该景点的认可。

三、英文导游词语步及定义

Lonely Planet China一书中介绍了北京、天津、河北、山东、山西、上海、香港等中国各省市及地区的主要景点。本论文选取书中关于山西省的景点介绍进行分析。书中同样介绍了云冈石窟、五台山、榆次老城、乔家大院、平遥古城、碛口等主要景点。通过对书中21篇山西主要景点介绍的归纳总结，作者发现其中每一篇景点介绍都包含有表2中的6个语步：endprint

从上表可以发现，Lonely Planet China中由Daniel Mc Crohan编写的山西景点导游词有6个基本语步，顺序依次为：1.H 标题，Headline 2.IH历史介绍Introducing History，3.M 地图maps，4.H亮点Highlight，5.O & I具体信息介绍Orientation and Information，6.CI咨询信息Consulting Information Daniel侧重于介绍第三、五、六语步，也就是重视地图带给游客直观的视觉效果，不局限于文字这一种表达方式。同时，具体信息的提供，以及除了景点介绍外，还提供了类似气候、交通、食宿等与之相关的咨询信息，帮助潜在游客出行前了解目的地和周边环境。

四、中外导游词的语步分析比较

为了找出中国人写的导游词与国外导游词的异同点，将以上两张表进行比较分析，见表3。

对比中外导游词的语步，可以发现，中英文导游词都有标题，历史介绍，具体信息介绍和亮点这四个语步，从两者的四个相同语步可以看出：

1.H（标题）作为目的地的名称很重要，这一语步为潜在游客提供景点的索引信息。通过提供目的地的名称，可以让潜在的游客快速获取信息，在短时间内了解景点的相关资料。

2.JP（阐释目的地历史和今天的重要性或地位）这一语步，通过事实的陈述，证实景点的资格或地位。而且一般是以描述性的口吻，不加以夸大的成分。

3.DP（具体信息介绍）是语步中最为重要的，其目的在于介绍景点的特色信息，例如背景，地点，历史，特质等等。两个版本的导游词都花了相当大的篇幅在这一语步上，为潜在游客详细地介绍景点的情况。

4.H（亮点）这个语步两个版本的导游词都有采用，这是为了更好地让游客在短时间之内了解目的地值得游览的一些景点。

两个版本有四个相同语步，但排列的顺序不同，可以看出中外导游词编写上的侧重。中外导游词都有H（亮点）这一语步，中文导游词将其放在第三的位置上，而英文导游词则在介绍H（亮点）前加入了M（地图），放在了第四的位置，可见外国人更注重表达方式的多样和地图对游客的吸引作用。正如Beasley & Danesi说的：作者在旅游手册中使用的图片/地图，对潜在顾客的消费行为起到了一种促进作用。有了地图上的标注和解释，潜在游客可以一目了然地找到后文中会介绍的重点推荐景点。

当然，中英文导游词也有差异，主要表现在以下两个方面：

（1）中文导游词多出了：历史/游客/名人/权威机构的认可这一语步。

中文导游词中出现的CE新语步，即重视历史/游客/名人/权威机构的认可，反映出中国人较高的不确定性规避程度。这是根据Greet Hofstede 著名的“文化五维度理论”得出的。Hofstede对各国的文化特征进行了研究分析，他将国家间文化的差异归纳为五个不同的维度，其中的不确定性回避指数（Uncertainty Avoidance Index）反映出了一个国家对于不确定性和模糊的容忍程度。有着高不确定性指数的国家信赖权威，避免分歧和不确定。通过建立形式规则，为他们的成员提供安定感，相信完全的事实和经验的获得。中国人倾向于相信事实和前人的经验，最小化不确定因素带来的可能性，历史/游客/名人/权威机构的认可会增加他们去景点的动力，减少对未知或不熟悉景点的不确定感。

这一独特的新语步，可以以较为简洁，直接而有效的方式，让潜在游客快速了解景点优势，并在短时间内决定是否去该地游览。

（2）英文导游词中地图和咨询信息这两个语步也是中文导游词中所没有的。

CI咨询信息，提供关于目的地的相关信息，如景点及周边景点，当地气候，食宿，语言，交通，景点票价，开放时间，电话，电子邮件和旅游建议等。

在中文导游词中没有这一语步，这会对想要进一步了解景点的外国游客带来不便和困惑，不能及时了解当地的情况或是和旅游部门联系。因此，相比DP（具体信息介绍），CI这个语步更完善，更为实用和必要。

M地图这一语步也是外国导游词的一大特色，每个目的地都附有各自的地图。外国导游词在每个景点介绍一开始都有地图，提供目的地景点及周边的主要路线，强调景点，交通工具及特色食宿的位置等。地图加文字说明，可以更好地吸引潜在的外国游客，在没去旅游之前熟悉景点及其周边地区，为他们出行提供了方便。中文导游词没有这一语步，在介绍方式和景点及吸引游客方面略显单一。

相比之下，外国导游词的这两个新语步，更能满足游客对景点信息的需要，中文导游词可以借鉴。

五、总结

作者以Bhatia语步分析模型为基准，就中英导游词的语步各自进行了分析，同时也将两个版本的语步进行了对比分析。从中发现，中外导游词在介绍景点时，总体上是相似的，有四个语步相同，三个语步不同。

中文导游词中出现的CE新语步，是由于中国人有着较高的不确定性规避程度。通过提供历史/游客/名人/权威机构的认可，有利于证实景点的资质/优势，从而证明景点值得去，并且赢得潜在游客的信任。这一外国导游词没有的语步可以保留，给外国游客以了解景点的新视角。

而英文导游导游词中出现的M和CI这两个新语步，地图和咨询信息，反映出外国则更注重对实用信息的提供。对于旅游目的地进行额外信息的提供，如当地地图，气候和环境，失色，交通，票价和景点开放时间，建议等，为潜在的游客提供了足够信息，方便他们出行，特别是那些乐于自助游的外国游客。

中文导游词中若加入地图和咨询信息这两个新语步，可以更好地迎合潜在国外游客对信息的需求，通过提供必要、全面的旅游资讯，帮助他们了解景点情况，吸引他们前来参观游览。

中外文化上的差异必然会在导游词的编写上体现出来，对语步选择产生影响。本文通过对比中英导游词语步的异同，意图为中文导游词的编写提供一点参考，增强山西景点对外国游客的吸引力，了解当地风土人情，以吸引更多地外国游客了解山西，传播山西文化。endprint

注 释：

①《走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范（中英文版）》是由山西省人民出版社出版，结合山西实际编写的。该书也配套制作了系列光盘，是全省导游考试的规定内容，又具有鲜明的地方特色，简明实用，易于掌握，示范性强。

②Lonely Planet是一套旅游系列丛书，在全球受到各国游客的青睐。这套书到2004年为止，共出版了650个主题，内容涵盖包括南极在内的世界各个角落，涉及118个国家。Lonely Planet目前有十个语种的版本，年销售量近650万册，约占英文旅游指南销售量四分之一。本文选取2009年的第11版Lonely Planet China中对山西省的景点介绍进行分析。

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〔4〕Damian Harper， Lonely Planet China， Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd，2009.

〔5〕Hofstede，G H.（1994）.Cultures and organizations：Software of the Mind （updated version）.London：Harper-Collins Business.

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〔7〕安瑞生.走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范Travel across Shanxi——Demonstration of commentaries of Famous Scenic Spot Sightseeing Tour Guide，山西人们出版社，2003.

〔8〕陈刚.跨文化意识——导游词译者之必备——兼评《走遍中国》英译本[J].中国翻译，2002.

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