初中定语从句（共8篇）
1.初中定语从句 篇一
教学目标
1. 知识目标：掌握下列重点单词和词组的意思及用法ache, evercise, weight, give up, interest及其词汇转化
2. 能力目标：能够询问有关健康的信息，表达态度，提供建议。学习使用由whose引导的定语从句。
3.情感目标：通过了解tony 的经历，培养体谅、关爱他人的情感态度。
教学重难点
1.重点：对话中的句型应用，由whose引导的定语从句
2.难点：由whose引导的定语从句的运用。
教学工具
课件
教学过程
[课前朗读]: 朗读生词ache, exercise, weight, give up, interest, tasty----taste, menu, persuade.根据音标读出单词并了解汉语意思，养成学生自主学习词汇的习惯，促使学生迅速进入学习状态。
[检查词汇预习]：
a.采取学生结对、小组互查等形式来检查学生对词汇的预习情况。
b.朗读单词,注意发音。
一、情境导入
教师可问学生：(1)What’s your favourite sport?(2) How do you think we can keep fit?(3) Have you ever remembered what happened to Tony in Module9?这样会调动学生用英语思维的积极性, 引出本单元话题。
二、小听力(自主完成，合作释疑)
听Activity 2,完成表格
Betty
Lingling
Taijiquan
Weight
training
Running
针对表格进行说的练习。如：How does Lingling think of Taijiquan and running?
三、大听力 多层听
1.听Activity 3，完成下列各题。
1).Who has Betty bumped into?
A. The head teacher B. The English teacher C.Lingling and Betty
2).Does Daming think that the boy in his team can go to a sports school ?
A. Yes, he does B. No， he doesn’t C. We don’t know
3).What does Daming want the head teacher to write ?
A. Something about staying healthy
B. Something about training for the Olympics
C. something about buying a camera
2. 再听Activity 3，完成下列表格。
1. How did Tony feel
the basketball training? 1. He feels very
2. What will the boy in Daming’s team need to do? 2. He needs to do a lot of___ _____
3. Why isn’t allowed to use his father’s camera any more? 3. Because he almost __ ______ it last time.
四、默读对话，自主完成Activity 4.
完成后小组展示并纠正。小组间合作解决activity 3中不懂的地方，教师适时点拨。
五、突破重点与难点
对重点内容和疑难问题进行合作探究学习。
1.My legs ache a bit. ___________________(翻译)
(1) a bit 译为_____________. 其同义短语是___________.
自主造句:_______________________________.
2. Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.__________________________.
give up, 放弃。其中up是代词，后跟名词作宾语时可放在短语 ，也可放在 ，而跟代词宾语时只能放 。例如：give it/them up放弃做某事----give up doing sth.
自主造句： _______________________.
我们学过的可加动名词的动词或短语有
3.He is not fit or strong enough.____________________________
总结enough 的用法并举例
自主造句:
4. I’ve got a friend whose brother is training for the Olympics.此句含有一个whose 引导的定语从句，whose在从句中作定语，又如：
He is the only student in our class whose father is a policeman.
There is a boy whose parents want him to go to a sports school.
先行词为无生命的物体时也可以用whose 引导定语从句.如：
The book whose cover is green is mine.
No one now lives in the room whose windows are broken.
5.找出含有whose 的定语从句并翻译句子。分析定语从句的.先行词。
___________________________________________________.
___________________________________________________.
___________________________________________________.
___________________________________________________.
5. 自主补充完善
六、归纳短语
通过对对话的学习，让学生归纳本课的短语，可以小组合作，然后通过展示呈现出一个小组的成果，然后其他小组补充完善。
1. _____________________ 9._______________________
2. _____________________ 10.______________________
3. _____________________ ______________________
4. _____________________ _______________________
5. _____________________ ______________________
6. _____________________ ______________________
7. _____________________ ______________________
8. _____________________ ______________________
七、诵读积累
(一)跟录音机朗读对话，模仿语音语调。
(二)读熟对话
(三)读烂短语
(四)读烂下列重点句子
1.Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.
2. He isn’t fit or strong enough.
3.I’m not allowed to use it any more.
4.It’s my father who gives me my pocket money.
5. Don’t talk to me about that.
6. What’s up?
7.Guess what?
8. (含有whose的定语从句)
八、说的训练：
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Activity 5.
九、当堂检测
(一)翻译下列短语及句子：
1.放弃___________________2.一点_____________________________
3.保持健康 _______________ 4.足够强壮_________________
5.碰巧遇到_________________6.发生什么事了?_________________
7.看起来像 ________________ 8.祝你好运 ________________
2.初中定语从句 篇二
在新课程改革势在必行的今天, 在新的环境下, 我采用了新的教学模式, 现在就我的一堂英语课和大家分享一下教改的好处以及在探索过程中的一些收获。
兴趣是最好的老师, 只有激发学生的兴趣, 才能发挥他们的主观能动性, 才能让他们真正地动起来, 成为课堂的主人, 提高英语教学效率。
我这节课要讲的是定语从句, 我知道初中生对音乐都很感兴趣, 都有着强烈的爱好。我就利用这一特点, 对这节课采用了新的教法和教学设计。我选择一些优美动听, 学生比较熟悉的歌曲插入到教学中来, 欢快的英语歌曲和枯燥的定语从句联系在一起, 并且运用了新课改的探究式教学, 对定语从句进行教学, 这节课让学生充分地参与课堂, 进行合作学习, 取得了良好的教学效果。
我首先播放歌曲, 伴着歌声导入新课, 学生一下子就兴奋起来, 并且打破以往的灌输式教学, 易于歌唱, 学生就会跟着哼唱起来, 这首英文歌里面含有很多我们即将要学的定语从句, 我会先把先行词拿掉, 让学生边听边填空, 不仅锻炼了听力, 还把他们引入到本节课的教学目标上, 这就会激发了他们的学习兴趣, 原来听歌也能学习啊, 通过自己的听写模式, 就把这节课的重点掌握了, 并且一点不感觉紧张压力, 而是一种轻松愉快的学习气氛。下一步是核对答案, 在这一过程中, 先让学生自我肯定, 然后互相讨论, 加强学习欲望, 然后一鼓作气, 一起哼唱这首歌曲, 并试着翻译, 然后对比中英文翻译, 再看定语从句翻译的语法规则。For I know you are taking the sunshine that has brghtened our path for a while.Come and sit by my side if you love me.Do not hasten to bid me adieu.But just remember the Red River Valley, and the cowboy who loved you so true.Just remember the Red River Valley, and the cowboy who loved you so true.学生通过填词翻译注意到了定语从句的语法规则, 然后继续探究学习, 引导的关系词有哪些以及它们的作用。最后是伴着歌声引发思考, 检验教学效果。在前面一堂课的教学领悟, 学生已经对定语从句有了全面的认识和理解, 这是教师需要把握的一个新起点, 让学生在实践中检验所学知识, 得到自我肯定, 生成知识技能。
3.浅淡初中英语限制性定语从句教学 篇三
一、定义
在复合句中担任定语的从句，叫定语从句。定语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词或代词以后，这种名词或代词叫做先行词。
二、引导定语从句的关联词
⒈关系代词：that，which，who，whom和whose
⒉关系副词：where，when和why
关系代词与关系副词在句中起联系从句与主句的作用，同时又在从句中作一定的成分。如主语、宾语、定语、状语等。
三、关系代词：that，who（whom）whose和which的具体用法
（1）that引导的定语从句。在从句中作主语、宾语等。其先行词是人也可以是物。
①A scientist is a person who/that invents or discovers things.（主语）
②A train is a machine that can run..（主语）
③He is the man that/whom we should learn from.（宾语）
（2）Who（whom）引导的定语从句。在从句中作主语、宾语等。其先行词是人。（若在从句中作宾语，要用whom）。
①The teacher who/that teaches us English is from the USA.（主语）
②She is the person whom/that I met at the school gate yesterday.（宾语）
（3）Which引导的定语从句。在从句中作主语或宾语。其先行词是物。
The letter which/that he received yesterday is his mother’s（宾语）
（4）Whose指人或物。在从句中作定语。指物时常可用of which代替。
①The man whose bike was stolen was my uncle.（指人作定语）
②Mr Green lives in a house whose roof is red.（指物作定语）
四、注意以下几点
1.用that而不用which的情况
（1）先行词为all，much，little，everything，anything，nothing，none，few，the one等不定代词时。
①That’s all that I have seen and heard.
②I mean the one that was bought yesterday.
（2）指物的先行词被形容词最高级或被only，any，one of，few等修饰时。
①It is the most important task that should be finished soon.
②My necklace is not the only thing that is missing.
（3）先行词为数词或被序数词（含last）修饰时：
Look at there flowers.You can see the two that you gave me.
（4）先行词中既有人又有物时：
we were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.
2.不用that的情况
（1）当先行词本身是that时，关系代词要用which.
The clock is that which tells the time.
（2）关系代词前有介词时：
Eg：This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.
3.关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省
①The tool（that/which）he is working with is called a saw.
②Do you know the woman（who/that）she was talking to？
4.当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数上与先行词保持一致
①The child who is reading there is my brother.
②The children who are reading are my classmates.
五、关系副词when，where，why的用法
关系副词在定语从句中只能充当从句的状语，不能省略。
1.when引导的定语从句
when在定语从句中作表示时间的状语。它所修饰的是表示“时间”的词。
①I still remember the day when you first came here.
②The day when we won the match finally came.
2.where引导的定语从句
where在定语从句中作地点状语，修饰的先行词是表示“地点”的名词或代词。
①I like the places where it is warm.
②Do you still remember the village where you were born？
3.why引导的定语从句
why在定语从句中作原因状语，修饰的先行词一般是reason.
①The reason why he was late was that he missed the bus.
4.初中定语从句教学设计 篇四
首先通过首页进入网站，教师引导学生观看Flash动画影片。影片展示了我校优美的校园环境和校园景观。然后学生运用定语从句谈论我校的人和事。导入部分通过师生自由交谈，活跃课堂气氛，通过谈论学生熟悉的人和事，自然引入定语从句的教学。
Step 2 ：Online learning
点击学习按钮布置学习任务，让学生自主选择查看定语从句相关内容和视频讲解。首先学生要完成一段听力练习，找出听力材料中的定语从句，填写出先行词。然后学生自主学习，选择定语从句中自己不清楚的知识进行网上自主学习，并完成有关这一部分的练习，针对不同内容设置了不同练习。如果学生个体在学习中遇到困难，可以通过网络交流平台，与同学进行网上互助学习，互相探讨解决问题。老师也可以在网络交流平台上及时进行指导。学生在自主学习中充分感受到学习的自主和个性化，培养了自主学习能力，更感受到交流互动式学习的快乐。有一些定语从句的讲解配备了视频讲解，视频直观生动的讲解可以让学生更加清楚的了解该项用法，并且使知识讲解更节约时间，让学生接受新知识更快速。
Step 3： Communication
学生通过网络自主参与、经历、体验学习的快乐。同时在自主学习过程中碰到困难时，可以通过网络交流平台交换学习心得、互助合作，教师在网络交流平台上及时答疑解惑，在有限的课堂时间内有效地解答学生疑问，实现教学效果的最大化，充分提高教学效率。学生是学习的主体，教师是组织者、合作者、指导者和促进者。
Step 4 : Extending learning
该部分为拓展学习。共分2个部分。
1、 角色扮演。
视频介绍我校新聘外教Jenna。Jenna将要畅游五岳名山――南岳。学生上网查阅有关南岳旅游的路线、景点介绍、饮食住宿、旅游注意事项等，一人扮演Jenna，一人扮演导游。尽量使用定语从句进行对话。学生打开相应网页进行对话练习。
2、 抢答竞赛。
把学生分为2组，每组给定一分钟时间。在给定的时间内，2组学生进行定语从句造句比赛。造句最多的一组获胜。竞赛规则是：不能超过时间;不能造重复的句子。
限时和计分采用Flash动画显示，利用按钮进行交互控制。
Step 5： Resources
为了给学生提供更多的信息，学生可以点击资源网页进行网络搜索和查询。该网页设置了搜索链接、网页链接。学生通过该网页可以搜索他们感兴趣的学习内容，进行自主学习和探究学习。
Step 6 : Summary
总结学生在定语从句学习中所取得的进步，表扬和鼓励学生在本堂课学习中所表现出的自主、合作互助学习精神。同时对同学们在学习中碰到的困难和不足之处提出整改意见。
然后发表教师自己的观点：学习英语语法知识――定语从句是很有必要的。但是语法学习不是死记硬背，而是在交际中不断熟悉和运用。
5.初中英语定语从句练习题 篇五
（一）一、选择填空
1.Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure.A.which
B.What
C.as
D.those 2.Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A.that
B.Where C.in which
D.the one 3.Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A.that
B.where
C.which
D.the one 4.Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago? A.that
B.where
C.which
D.the one 5.The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.A.that
B.Where
C.in which
D.in that 6.The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice.A.at which
B.on that C.in which
D.of what 7.This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts..A.how you have observed
B.what you have observed C.that you have observed
D.how that you have observed 8.The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.A.because
B.why
C.that
D.whether 9.I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.A.all which
B.That C.all that
D.which 10.That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.A.whose
B.of which
C.in which
D.on which 11.I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.A.as
B.That
C.which
D.what 12.He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which
B.it
C.that
D.what 13.We’re talking about the piano and the pianist _______ were in the concert we attended last night.A.Which
B.whom
C.who
D.that 14.The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A.who is singing
B.is singing
C.sang
D.was singing 15.Those ___ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn
B.Who
C.that learns
D.who learn 16.Anyone ________ this opinion may speak out.A.that against
B.that against
C.who is against
D.who are against 17.Didn’t you see the man ________?
A.I nodded just now
B.whom I nodded just now C.I nodded to him just now
D.I nodded to just now 18.Can you lend me the novel ______ the other day? A.that you talked
B.you talked about it C.which you talked with
D.you talked about 19.Is there anything _______ to you? A.that is belonged
B.that belongs C.that belong
D.which belongs 20.----“How do you like the book?”
----“It’s quite different from _______ I read last month.” A.that
B.which
C.the one
D.the one what 21.Mr.Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _____ who had lready taken them.A.the ones
B.ones
C.Some
D.the others 22.The train _______ she was travelling was late.A.which
B.Where C.on which
D.in that 23.He has lost the key to the drawer _______ the papers are kept.A.where
B.in which
C.under which
D.which 24.Antarctic _______ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.Which
B.Where
C.That
D.about which 25.It’s the third time _______ late this month.A.that you arrived
B.when you arrived C.that you’ve arrived
D.when you’ve arrived
26.It was in 1969 _______the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A.that
B.which
C.when
D.in which 27.May the fourth is the day ______ we Chinese people will never forget.A.which
B.When
C.on which
D.about which 28.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _______ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.Which
B.That
C.Who
D.where 29.The hotel _______ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at
B.where we stayed at C.we stayed
D.in that we stayed 30.Is it in that factory _______ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A.in which
B.Where
C.Which
D.that 31.It is the Suez Canal _______ separates Asia ______ Africa.A.which, to
B.where, from
C.that, from
D.that, with 32.Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, _______ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.A.There
B.Where
C.it
D.which 33.He is not ______ a fool _______.A.such, as he is looked
B.such, as he looks C.as, as he is looked
D.so, as he looks 34.Is that the reason _______ you are in favour of the proposal? A.Which
B.what
C.Why
D.for that 35.He must be from Africa, _______ can be seen from his skin.A.that
B.as
C.Who
D.what 36.He has two sons, _______ work as chemists.A.two of whom
B.both of whom
C.both of which
D.all of whom 37.I, _______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is
B.who am
C.that is
D.what is 38.He is a man of great experience, _______ much can be learned.A.who
B.that
C.from which
D.from whom 39.----Do you know the town at all?---No, this is the first time I ________ here.A.was
B.have been
C.Came
D.am coming 40.I don’t like _______ you speak to her.A.the way
B.the way in that C.the way which
D.the way of which 41.The two things _______ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.A.about which
B.of which
C.in which
D.for which 42.The dinner was the most expensive meal we ______.A.would have
B.have had
C.had never had
D.had ever had 43.Do you know which hotel _______? A.she is staying
B.she is staying in C.is she staying
D.is she staying in 44.There is only one thing _______ I can do.A.what
B.that
C.all
D.which 45.Who can think of a situation ________ this idiom can be used? A.Which
B.that
C.Where
D.in that 46.I have many books, some of _______ are on chemistry.A.them
B.that
C.Which
D.those 47.They were interested _______ you told them.A.in which
B.in that
C.all that
D.in everything 48.The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, ________ much help for knowing space.A.which we think it is
B.which we think are of C.of which we think is
D.I think which is of 49.The great day we looked forward to _______ at last.A.come
B.came
C.coming
D.comes 50.I like the second football match _______ was held last week.A.which
B.who
C.that
D./ 初中英语定语从句练习题
（二）1.A football fan(球迷)is _____ has a strong interest in football.A.a thing that
B.something that
C.a person who
D.what 2.The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.A.the roof of which
B.which roof
C.its roof
D.the roof 3.Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day? A.that you talked
B.you talked about it C.which you talked with
D.you talked about 4.The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.A.That
B.What
C.why
D.for which 5.They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school.A.which
B.that
C.who
D.whom 6.Who _____ has common sense（常识）will do such a thing? A.which
B.who
C.whom
D.that 7.All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.A.that
B.those
C.Which
D.what 8.They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.A.what
B.that
C.which
D.where 9.I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.A.all which
B.all what
C.that all
D.all 10.A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.A.who
B.who’s
C.whose
D.which 11.Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day? A.that
B.Where
C.in which
D.the one 12.Is this museum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday? A.that
B.Where
C.in which
D.the one 13.-How do you like the book?-It’s quite different from _____ I read last month.A.that
B.which
C.the one
D.the one what 14.Which sentence is wrong? A.The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.B.Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform? C.Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.D.People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.15.The train _____ she was traveling was late.A.Which
B.where
C.on which
D.in that 16.He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.A.Where
B.on which
C.under which
D.which 17.Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.which
B.where
C.that
D.about which 18.It’s the third time _____ late this month.A.that you arrived
B.when you arrived C.that you’ve arrived
D.when you’ve arrived
19.He often helps the students _____ he thinks are not quick at their studies.A.Whom
B.Who
C.when
D.because 20.The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A.When
B.during that
C.in which
D.which 21.He was born in the year _____ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.A.Which
B.When
C.on which
D.during which 22.Mr.Crossett will never forget the day _____ he spent with his various students.A.when
B.which
C.during which
D.on which 23.This is just the place _____ I am longing to visit these years.A.that
B.where
C.in which
D.to where
24.We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou, _____ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.Which
B.that
C.Who
D.where 25.The hotel _____ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at
B.where we stayed at
C.we stayed
D.in that we stayed 26.I have bought the same dress _____ she is wearing.A.as
B.that
C.which
D.than 27.He is not _____ a fool _____.A.such/as he is looked
B.such/as he looks C.as/as he is looked
D.so/as he looks 28.Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal? A.which
B.what
C.Why
D.for that 29.Some of the roads were flooded, _____ made our journey more difficult.A.which
B.it
C.what
D.that 30.He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.A.That
B.as
C.who
D.what 31.He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.A.two of whom
B.both of whom
C.both of which
D.all of whom 32.The buses, _____ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.most of that
B.which most
C.most of which
D.that most 33.My glasses, _____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.A.which
B.with which
C.without which
D.that 34.Mr.Wu, _____ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chemistry.A.whom
B.That
C.which
D./ 35.This is Mr.Smith, _____ I think has something interesting to tell us.A.Who
B.Whom
C.that
D./ 36._____, the compass was first made in China.A.It is know to all
B.It is known that
C.We all know
D.As is known to all 37.I, _____ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is
B.who am
C.that is
D.what is 38.He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.A.who
B.that
C.from which
D.from whom 39.It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness.A.which I think was
B.which I think it was C.I think which was
D.I think which it was 40.He lived in London for 3 months, during _____ he picked up some English.A.This
B.Which
C.that
D.when 41.The general at last got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to fight, _____ he had been dreaming of for years.A.that/which
B.where/that
C.in which/what
D.where/which 42.I will hire the man _____ they say is a good English speaker.A.Who B.That
C.which
D.whom 43.He has to work on Sundays, _____ he does not like.A.and which
B.which
C.and when
D.when 44.I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.A.of which
B.for which
C.to that
D.to which 45.My father has made me _____ I am.A.who
B.which
C.what
D.that 46.She is one of the few girls who _____ passed the examination.A.Was
B.were
C.has
D.have 47.He is my son, _____ a better son does not exist.A.but
B.than who
C.against whom
D.than whom 48.As many members _____ were present agreed to the plan.A.Who
B.that
C.which
D.as 49.You may call on me from one to five o’clock, during _____ I am always at home.A.the time
B.what time
C.that time
D.which time 50.China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kiteflying（放风筝）spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.A.from there
B.Where
C.from where
D.there Keys [参考答案]
一、1—5 AADBA 6—10 ABCCA
11—15 AADAD
16—20 CDDBC 21—25 ACBDC
26—30 AADAD 31—35 CABCB
36—40 BBDBA
41—45 BDBBC
46—50 CDBBC
二、1-5 CADAB
6-10 DABDC
11-15 ADCAC
16-20 ADCBC 21-25 BBADA
26-30 ABCAB
31-35 BCCAA
36-40 DBDAB 41-45 DABDC
46-50 DCDDC
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）
The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）
2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）
The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）
3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）
Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？ 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）
注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：
This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。
（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
（4）关系词只能用that的情况：
a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？
c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：
Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：
a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：
What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？
b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：
This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：
Tom came back，which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如： This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：
This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如： Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.自我测试 / Test Yourself
1.-Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？
-Yes，he’s our headmaster.A.he B.who C.which D.whom
2.Is this the river _____I can swim？
A.which B.in which C.that D.the one
3.This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.A.where B.which C.that D.it
4.Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？
A.that you bought B.you bought it
C.that you bought it D.which you bought it
5.Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.A.which agrees B.who agree
C.who agrees D.which agree
6.My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.A.that B.it C.which who
7.The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate
A.who’s B.whose C.that of which.8.The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.A.which； is B.whom； was C.who； is D.who； was
9.I love places ______the people are really friendly.A.that B.which C.where D.who
10.The world ______ is made up of matter.A.in that we live B.on which we live
C.where we live in D.we live in
Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词that，which，who，whom填空。
1.The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.2.April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.3.The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.4.The house _____we live in is very old.5.Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now？
参考答案：
6.初中定语从句 篇六
I 选择最佳答案: 1.The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well.A.that
B.who
C.what
D./ 2.The man_______today left this message for you.A.called
B.has called
C.whom called
D.who called 3.Do you live near the building ______colour is yellow?
A.that
B.which
C.whose
D.its 4.He helped his father on the farm ______they lived.A.which
B.that
C.when
D.where 5.I’m one of the boys_____never late for school.A.that is
B.who is
C.who are
D.who am 6.All_____should be done has been done.A.what
B.which
C.that
D.whatever 7.Jack told me everything _______he knew about it.A.what
B.that
C.which
D.who
8.My father works in the factory ______this type of truck is made.A.in where
B.in which
C.from which
D.of which 9.The school_______we visited last week was built in 1956.A./
B.where
C.that
D.both A and C 10.This is one of the best films_______I have ever seen.A.which
B.that
C.of which
D.of that 11.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions_______were asked in French.A.where
B.who
C.in which
D.which
12.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.A.these
B.those
C.that
D.which
13.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________family was poor.A.of whom
B.whom
C.of whose
D.whose 14.All_______is needed is a supply of oil.A.the thing
B.that
C.what
D.which
15.In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help.A.that
B.who
C.from whom
D.to whom 16.She heard a terrible noise,______brought her heart into her mouth.A.it
B.which
C.this
D.that
II 用适当的关系词填空：
1)I’ll never forget the day on ________ they met for the very first time last summer.2)This is the place _________ he so often mentioned to me.3)The only thing ________ interested him was that he could do anything _________ he wanted to.4)“What a scientist!What wonderful invention!” he talked excitedly about Bill Gates and his Microsoft Company _________ is now a focus(焦点)of newspapers and television.5)He is old, ________ fact is important in this case.6)Finally, the thief handed everything __________ he had stolen.7)We talked about the things and persons _________ we saw then.8)With _________ were you talking? 9)This is the very present __________ my mother gave me.10)They are talking about the people and things ________ they are on their way home.11)Which is the bike __________ is made in Shanghai? 12)I think this is the most beautiful dress ______ I own.13)Those _______ want to buy the house may sign their names first.14)My sister, __________ you met in Guangzhou, has bought a new car.15)That’s the way _______ they work.III 把下列各题的两句话合并成一个带定语从句的复合句。
1)The students will not be able to pass the English exam.They don’t work hard enough.2)The teacher is my physics teacher.You saw him on the playground just now.3)The woman is an English teacher.She is standing at the school gate.4)This is the girl.Her sister is a famous singer.5)The book is good.I am reading.IV 完成下列句子。
1)Here is the knife _________________________________________（你昨天丢失的）。2)This is the best novel _____________________________________（我读过的）。
3)I have lost the dictionary ____________________________________（我姐姐给我买的）。
4)Rice is a plant ________________________________________（中国南方种植的）。
5)The woman ________________________________________（上周六给他们做报告的）is a famous scientist.Ⅴ 改正下列句子中的错误：
1.Mr.Brown is talking to the students who comes from Canada.2.The factory which we are going to work is far from here.3.This is the room in that we lived last year.4.They talked of things and people who they remembered in the hospital.5.All which Iraq people want is peace.6.Anyone that breaks the rule will be punished.7.This is the child who father died of SARS.8.I have lost my pen, that I like very much.9.I went to the library but I didn’t find the book that I needed it.10.This is the person whom you are looking.Keys: I 选择：
1.A.先行词是物，故用that引导.2.D.先行词是人，而且引导词在从句中作主语。3.C.表示“……’’的”，修饰名词color, 限定先行词the building，说明是the building的颜色.4.D.先行词是地点，故用where引.5.C.先行词是人,且是复数the boys.6.C.先行词为all ,everything等不定代词时用that.7.B.同上
8.B.关系代词在介词后面时用which.9.D.当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,关系代词常被省略 10.B.当先行词前有一个最高级形容词修饰的时候,用that.11.D.定语从句中需要主语,四个选项中只有which可以在从句中作主语 12.D.非限制性定语从句用which.13.D.14.B.先行词为all用that引导.15.D.该题考察定语从句中介词+关系代词的用法turn to sb for help 这一短语.16.B.非限制性定语从句中关系代词用which.II
1.which 介词后面只能用which.2.that/which 3.that ,(that)
当先行词指物，且被all, every, no ,some ,any, little , much, one of , the only, the very, the right 等修饰时，关系词只能用that.4.that 5.which 6.that（同3）
7.that当先行词既有人又有物时只能用that 引导。
8.whom
9.that 当先行词指物，且被all, every, no ,some ,any, little , much, one of , the only, the very, the right 等修饰时，关系词只能用that.10.that that 在特殊疑问句中定语从句的引导词不能与疑问词重复。
12.that 当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时，指物只能用that 引导。13.who those 指人时用who.14.whom.非限制性定语从句不能用that 引导。当先行词指物时用which;当先行词指人时,并在从句中作主语时用who;在从句中作宾语时用whom.15.that.way 作先行词时，常用that 或in which 引导定于从句.III 1.The students who/that don’t study hard will not be able to pass the English exam.2.The teacher(who/that)you saw on the playground is my physics teacher.3.The woman who/that is standing at the school gate is an English teacher.4.This is the girl whose sister is a famous singer.5.The book(that/which)I am reading is good.IV
1.(which/that)you lost yesterday
2.(that)I have read
3.(which/that)my sister bought me
4.Which/that is grown in the south of China
5.Who gave them the report last Saturday ⅤANSWERS: 1.comes改为 come或 students改为 student。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数要与先行词保持一致。
2.which 前加上in或 which改为 where。定语从句中的谓语动词work是不及物动词，先行词factory在从句中作地点状语而非宾语。试比较： This is the factory which/that I visited last year.This is the factory in which(where)I worked last year.3.that改为 which 或in放在 lived之后。关系代词作介词宾语时，介词一般要放在它们之前，但其关系代词只能用which 或whom;若先行词是表示人的名词时，用whom；若表示物的名词则用which。介词也可放在从句原来的位置上。
4.who改为that。先行词既有表示人的名词，又有表示物的名词时，关系代词要用that。
5.which改为 that。当先行词是all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything,everything等时，关系代词要用that。
6.that改为who。当先行词是one,ones,anyone或those时，关系代词常用who。
7.who改为whose。先行词child在定语从句中作定语。作定语的关系代词无论指人还是指物，一律用 whose 8.that改为 which。引导非限制定语从句时，关系代词用which，不用that。
9.去掉it。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，无论省略与否，从句中不可再使用it,them,him之类的代词。
10.for放在looking之后。Look for是固定短语，英语中的固定短语一般不可分开使用。
Unit 7
talk back 回嘴；顶嘴
keep„ away from 远离
make one’s own decision 自己做决定
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
get one’s ears pierced 穿耳洞
seem to do sth 似乎要做某事 stop doing sth停止做某事
stay up 熬夜
shopping center购物中心
driving license 驾驶证 give sb a hug 给某人一个拥抱
lift up 举起
scary movie恐怖电影
agree with sb 同意某人 part-time job兼职工作
western countries 西方国家 move out 搬出去
get in the way of妨碍
be strict with sb对某人要求严格
as „as 像„ 一样 be serious about 认真对待
make a choice做选择
grow up 长大
have nothing against sb /sth 对某人某事不反感
spend some time on sth 在某事上花时间achieve one’s dream实现某人的梦想
unit 8
belong to 属于
pop music流行音乐
pick up拿起；捡起
run away 逃跑
have no idea 不知道
take a shower洗澡
attend a concert参加音乐会music hall 音乐大厅
hair band 发带 each other互相
at first 起初
run after 追逐
at the same time同时
point out 指出 prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
a long period of time很长一段时间
communicate with sb 与某人交流 in a certain way 以某种方式
historical place 历史古迹 a kind of 一种
keep healthy 保持健康 burial place墓地
a group of 一群 no more不再
a bit 有点 right now 现在 unit 9 in that case 既然那样
plenty of 大量；充足
once in a while偶尔
cheer sb up使某人振作起来 Not much.没什么
depend on 取决于
enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 in total总共；合计
by the end of 到„结束时
folk music 民乐
such as 例如
make money挣钱
national treasure国宝
stick to 坚持；固守
shut off关闭
feel like 想要
try one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事
spare time 空闲时间
a happy ending一个快乐的结局
in time 及时
get married结婚
look up 查阅；抬头看
musical instrument 乐器
develop a serious illness 得重病
continue to do sth 继续做某事
7.定语从句考点点击 篇七
考点一:定语从句与并列句.
辨别方法:在两个分句中,如果后一分句的主语指代前一分句中某一名词或整个句子内容,且没有并列连词连接两个分句,后一分句常用关系代词who,which,whose引导非限制性定语从句;如果两个分句间有and等并列连词连接,后一分句常用人称代词或it,that指代前一分句中的某一名词或整个句子的内容,构成并列句.
例1 (2009年全国I卷第28题)She brought with her three friends,none of______I had ever met before.
(A) them (B) who
(C) whom (D) these
答案.:选C.
(1) He paid the boy$10 for washing the windows;most of______hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
(2) He paid the boy$10 for washing the windows,and most of______hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
答案:(1) which;(2) them.
考点二:定语从句与名词性从句.
辨别方法:看整个句子,根据从句作用辨别从句类型;看从句,根据连词在从句中充当的成分确定连词.
1.与同位语从句
同位语从句与其所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的系表关系,因此,可用“主+系+表”的结构来区别同位语从句和定语从句.
例2 (2009年江西卷第33题)The fact has worried many scientists______the earth is becoming warmer and warmer.
(A) what (B) which
(C) that (D) though
答案:选C.
练习:判断下列句子是定语从句还是同位语从句.
(1)I don't believe the fact that heis a thief.
(2)I don't believe the fact that youtold me.
答案:(1)同位语从句;(2)定语从句.
2.与主语从句
由that引导的主语从句一般位于句首,也可用it做形式主语,真正主语从句放后面,由其他连词引导的主语从句位于句首.由as引导的非限制性定语从句也可位于句首,一般有逗号和主句分开.
例3 (2008年福建卷第27题)____is known to us all is that the 2008Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.
(A) It (B) This
(C) What (D) As
答案:选C.
练习:______is reported in the news-papers,talks between the two countries are making progress.
(A) It (B) As
(C) That (D) What
答案:选B.
考点三:定语从句与状语从句.
辨别方法:如果连接词指代先行词并在从句中充当某一成分,为定语从句;反之,仅起连接作用,即为状语从句.
例4 (2008年福建质检I卷)Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest______everyone likes to visit.
(A) that (B) as
(C) which (D) what
答案:选B.
练习:(1) This is such an interesting book______all of us want to read.
(2) This is such an interesting book______all of us want to read it.
答案:(1)填as;(2)填that.
考点四:定语从句和名词性从句.
1.that和what
that可用于定语从句和名词性从句,用法如下.
what不用于定语从句,只用于名词性从句,what在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,不能省略.根据情况不同,what有两方面意思:
(1)用作连接代词,表示“什么”(由疑问词变来).
What he will say at the meeting isnot known to us.
(2)表示“所…的(东西)”,在结构上相当于一个名词加一个定语从句.
把你买的东西拿给我看.
译:Show me what you bought.→Show me the thing that you bought.
例5 (2008年北京卷第30题)The companies are working together to create______they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.
(A) which (B) that
(C) what (D) who
答案:选C.
练习:—W hat did your parent s think about your decision?
—They always let me do______Ithink I should.
(A) when (B) that
(C) how (D) what
答案:选D.
2.who和whoever
用who引导的名词性从句,整个从句的中心是在说一件事;而由whoever引导的名词性从句,整个从句的中心是在说一个人.
例6 (2009年全国I卷第24题)Could I speak to______is in charge of International Sales please?
(A) who (D) what
(C) whoever (D) whatever
解析:选C.我能跟主管国际销售的人谈谈吗?从句的中心需要表达一个人的概念,而非一件事,故选whoever.此处whoever=anyone who.
练习:The how-to book can be ofhelp to______wants to do the job.
(A) who
(B) whomever
(C) no matter who
(D) whoever
答案:选D.
8.初中定语从句 篇八
限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用,使该词的含义更具体,更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略,否则句意就不完整。
非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切,只是对其作一些附加说明,不起限定制约作用。如果将非限制性定语从句省去,主句的意义仍然完整。
二、 外在表现形式不同
限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切,所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切,所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。
【例1】 This is the place where he used to live． 这是他曾经生活的地方。
【例2】 Mr. Zhang,who came to see me yesterday,is an old friend of mine． 昨天来看我的张先生是我的老友。
在例1中,定语从句与先行词关系密切,为限制性定语从句,不可用逗号将其与主句隔开。在例2中,定语从句与先行词关系不密切,为非限制性定语从句,可用逗号将其与主句隔开。
三、 先行词内容有所不同
大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语,而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句,此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。
【例1】 A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much.由语境可知,令“我”恐惧的内容应为“一个中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫”这整个一件事,因此先行词为整个主句,此时应由 which 引导定语从句。
【例2】 A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.由语境可知,令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是“一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语”这整个一件事,因此先行词为整个主句,此时应由 which 引导非限制性定语从句。
四、 关系词的使用情况有所不同
(一) that 不可用于引导非限制性定语从句
所有关系代词和关系副词均可引导限制性定语从句,大多数关系代词和关系副词可引导非限制性定语从句,但 that 不可。
【例】 他没通过这次考试,令我很失望。
误：He didn’t pass the exam,that disappointed me．
正：He didn’t pass the exam, which disappointed me．
值得注意的是,不少同学误认为只有 which 才能引导非限制性定语从句,这个观点是不正确的。使用非限制性定语从句时,如果先行词指人,则用 who, whom或 whose 引导非限制性定语从句；先行词指物可用 which 引导非限制性定语从句；先行词表时间或地点且在从句中作时间状语或地点状语时,可用 when,where 引导非限制性定语从句。
【例1】 We’ll graduate in July, when we will be free．
我们7月份毕业时便自由了。
【例2】 Last Sunday they reached Nanjing,where a conference was to be held． 上周末他们到达会议所在地南京。
(二) 关系代词替代情况不同
关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 who 代替 whom,但 whom 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 who 来代替。
【例1】 This is the girl whom I met in the street. 这是我在街上碰到的女孩。
先行词the girl在限制性定语从句中作宾语,可用 who 代替 whom。
【例2】 A young man had a new girl friend,whom he wanted to impress.
那个年轻男人有了让他想珍惜的新女友。
先行词a new girl friend 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语,不可用who代替whom。
在限制性定语从句中,先行词指人时可用 that 代替 who/whom,但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时,不可用that代替who/whom。
例：她有一个姐姐,她是教师。
误： She has a sister, that is a teacher．
正：She has a sister, who is teacher．
(三) 关系代词省略情况不同
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省去,非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省。
【例1】 This is the book(which/that)he lost yesterday.先行词the book在限制性定语从句中作宾语,关系代词 which 或 that 可以省略。
【例2】 The book, which he lost yesterday, has been found。先行词the book 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语,关系代词which不可省。
(四) as引导定语从句时的用法
1. as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same…as, such…as结构中。
【例1】 I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我想和朋友有件同样的T恤。
【例2】 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。
2. as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。
【例】 As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 就像我猜的那样，他在期中测验中又得了第一。
3. as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别：
①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as；反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。
【例1】 He made a long speech, as we expected．
像我们猜的那样，他的演讲很长。
【例2】 He made a long speech, which was unexpected．
没想到他的演讲很长。
②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。
【例】 Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all. 汤姆每天都喝很多酒，他的妻子十分厌恶。
4. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。这种定语从句叫做分隔性定语从句。
【例】 There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand. 他眼里有种情感我读不懂。
5. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词+which”来代替。
【例】 October 1, 1949 was the day on which(=when ) the People’s Republic of China was founded. 1949年1月是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
6. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。
【例】 The sick man whom she is looking after is her father. 那个她在寻找的病人是她爸爸。
7. 介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略；介词在句尾,关系代词可以省略。
同步练习
一、 根据句子意思,用介词＋关系代词whom或which完成下列句子
1. The person____________________I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about．
2. The pencil____________________ he was writing broke．
3. Wu Dong,____________________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much．
4. The two things____________________Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English．
5. Her bag,____________________she put all her books, has not been found．
二、 选择填空
1. The man__________visited our school yesterday is from London．
A.whoB.which
C.whomD.when
2. The woman__________is talking to my mother is a friend of hers．
A.whoseB.who
C.whomD.which
3. Because of my poor memory, all__________you told me has been forgotten．
A.thatB.which
C.whatD.as
4. Do you remember those days__________we spent along the seashore very happily？
A.whenB.where
C.whichD.who
5. Tom t took away the camera because it was just the same camera__________he lost last week.
A.whichB.that
C.whomD.as
【参考答案】
一、 1. to whom 2. with which
3. with whom 4. about which
5. in which
二、 1-5 ABACD
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