英语必修二的语法总结

英语必修二的语法总结（精选7篇）

1.英语必修二的语法总结 篇一

1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered.

2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如： More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.

3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如： The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library.

4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。

例如： The map was changed by someone.(被动结构) That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表结构) 系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。

例如： He was very excited.(系表结构) He was much excited by her words.(被动结构)

5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。

例如： These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。 The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗

2.英语必修二的语法总结 篇二

Unit One Friendship

一、重点短语

1.go through 经历，经受

get through 通过;完成;接通电话

2. set down 记下，放下

3. a series of 一系列

4. on purpose 有目的的

5. in order to 为了

6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻

7. face to face 面对面

8. fall in love 爱上

9. join in 参加(某个活动);

take part in 参加(活动)

join 加入(组织，团队，并成为其中一员)

10. calm down 冷静下来

11. suffer from 遭受

12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦

13. be concerned about 关心

14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽

15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…

16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…

17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…

18. too much 太多(后接不可数n.)

much too 太…(后接adj.)

19. not…until 直到… 才

20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做… 并不开心

21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…

make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

二、语法----直接引语和间接引语

概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。

间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。

例： Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.”

Mr. Black said that he was busy.

变化规则

(一)陈述句的变化规则

直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that(可省略)引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。

人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思

例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.” → He said that he liked it very much.

2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.”

→ He told me that he had left his book in my room.

时态的变化

直接引语	间接引语
一般现在时	一般过去时
现在进行时	过去进行时
现在完成时	过去完成时
一般过去时	过去完成时
一般将来时	过去将来时
过去完成时	过去完成时

例：

“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne.

→Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.

The boy said, “I’m using a knife.”

→ The boy said that he was using a knife.

▲注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：

He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”

He said that light travels much faster than sound.

指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化

直接引语	间接引语
this	that
these	those
now	then
ago	before/earlier
today	that day
yesterday	the day before
tomorrow	the next/following day
the day after tomorrow	In two day’s time
come	go
here	there
the day before yesterday	two days before/earlier

(二) 祈使句的变化规则

如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等动词，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面还要加上not。例：

The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.”

→ The hostess asked us to sit down.

He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”

→ He told the boys not to make so much noise.

(三)疑问句的变化规则

如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。

一般疑问句：如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时，要改为 ask 或asked,原问句变为由if/whether 引导的宾语从句。例:

“Do you think a diary can become your friend?” the writer says.

→ The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.

2) 特殊疑问句：如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句。例：

“What do you want?” he asked me.

→ He asked me what I wanted

Unit two English around the world

一、重点短语

1. be different from 与…不同

be the same as 与…一样

2. one another 相互，彼此(=each other)

3. official language 官方语言

4. at the end of 在…结束时

5. because of 因为(后接名词或名词性短语)

because 因为(后接句子)

6. native speakers 说母语的人

7. be based on 根据，依据

8. at present 目前;当今

9. especially 特别，尤其

specially 专门地

10. make use of 利用…

make the best of 充分利用…

11. a large number of 大量的，很多(作主语，谓语动词用复数)

the number of …的数量(作主语，谓语动词用单数)

12. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事实上

13. believe it or not 信不信由你

14. there is no such thing as… 没有这样的事…

15. be expected to …被期待做某事

16. play a part/role in … 在…起作用

17. make lists of…列清单

18. included 包括(前面接包括的对象)

Including包括(后接包括的对象)

19. command sb. to do sth. 命令某人去做某事

command + that 从句(从句用should+V原)

20. request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

request + that 从句(从句用should+V原)

二、语法----英语中的命令(command)语气和请求(request)语气

命令语气：表示直接命令某人做某事，语气比较重，不怎么礼貌，一般用于上级对下级

例：1. “ Look at the example”, the teacher said to us.

2. Open the window!

请求语气：表示请求某人做某事，语气比较缓和，非常礼貌

例：1. “ Would you like to see my flat?” She asked.

2. Would you please open the window?

Unit 3 Travel journal

一、重点短语

1. travel----泛指旅行

journey----指长时间长距离的陆上旅行

voyage----指长距离的水上旅行，也可以指乘飞机旅行

trip----常指短时间短距离的旅行

tour----指周游，巡回旅游，

2. prefer to 更加喜欢，宁愿

prefer A to B 比起B，更喜欢A

prefer doing to doing 比起做…，宁愿做…

prefer to do rather than do 与其做…, 不如…

3. flow through 流过，流经

4. ever since 自从

5. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事

6. be fond of 喜欢

7. insist on doing 坚持做某事

insist + that 从句(用should+ V原)

8. care about 关心

9. change one’s mind 改变想法

10. altitude 高度

attitude 态度，看法

11. make up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事

= decide to do = make a decision to do

12. give in 让步，屈服

give up 放弃

13. be surprised to … 对…感到惊奇

to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是…

14. at last = finally = in the end 最终

15. stop to do 停下来去做某事

stop doing 停止做某事

16. as usual 像往常一样

17. so…that 如此… 以至于…

So + adj + a/an + n. + that

Such + a/an +adj. + n. + that

18. be familiar with 对…熟悉(人作主语)

be familiar to 为…所熟悉(物作主语)

二、语法:现在进行时表将来

现在进行时表将来，表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，常见的现在进行时表将来的动词有：come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do等.

例：1. I’m coming. 我就来

2. what are you doing next Sunday ? 你下个星期天做什么?

3. I hear that you are travelling along Mekong River. 我听说你将沿湄公河旅行

4. Where are you staying at night? 你们晚上待在哪里/

Unit four Earthquakes

一、重点短语

1. right away 立刻，马上(= at once = in no time)

2. asleep 睡着的;熟睡地(fall asleep 入睡)

sleep 睡;睡眠

sleepy 犯困的

3. it seems that/ as if … 看来好像… ;似乎

4. in ruins 成为废墟

5. the number of …的数量(谓语动词用单数)

a number of 大量(谓语动词用复数)

6. rescue workers 营救人员

Come to one’s rescue 营救某人

7. be trapped 被困

8. how long 多长时间

how often 多久，指平率

how soon 还要多久(用于将来时当中，用in+时间段回答)

9. hundreds of thousands of 成千上万的

10. dig out 挖出

11. shake----泛指“动摇，震动”,常指左右、上下动摇，也可以指人“震惊，颤抖”

例：1. She felt the earth shaking under him.

2. She was shaken with anger.

quake---- 指较强烈的震动，如地震

例: The building quaked on its foundation

Tremble---- 指人由于寒冷、恐惧、不安等引起的身体的抖动或声音的颤抖

例：Suddenly I saw her lips begin to tremble and tears begin to flow down her cheeks.

Shiver---- 多指寒冷引起的颤抖、哆嗦

例：A sudden gust of cold wind made me shiver.

12. rise (rose—risen)---- vi, 上升;升起， 无被动语态;give rise to 引起

Raise(raised—raised)---- vt, 举起;筹集;养育

Arise ( arose—arisen)----vt, 出现(常指问题或现象)

13. injure---- 常指因意外事故造成的损伤，也可以指感情上名誉上的伤害

例：He was injured in a car accident.

harm---- 泛指“伤害，损害”，既可以指有生命的，也可以指无生命的

例：1. He was afraid that his fury would harm the child.

2. His business was harmed for some reason.

hurt---- 既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害

例：1. She hurt her leg when she fell.

2. He felt hurt at your word.

wound---- 一般指枪伤、刀伤等在战场上受的伤

例：The bullet wounded him in the arm.

14. be prepared for …= make preparations for… 为…做准备

15. in one’s honor 向…表示敬意;为纪念

Be/ feel honored to do … 做…感到很荣幸

16. make /give/ deliver a speech 发言

opening speech 开幕词

17. give/ provide shelter to …向…提供庇护所

seek shelter from…躲避

18. happen to + n./ pron. 遭遇，发生

happen to do sth. 偶然;碰巧

happen ----指偶然发生

take place----指事先计划好的事情发生

二、语法----定语从句

概念：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

成分：先行词，即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词;关系代词：that，which，who(宾格为whom,所有格为whose);或者关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主从句的作用。

1. 关系代词that的用法

关系代词that在定语从句中既能指人，也能指物;既能做主语，也能做宾语

例：1)A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物，作主语)

2)The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. (指物，作宾语)

3)Who is the man that is reading a book over there? (指人，作主语)

4)The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister,(指人，作宾语)

2. 关系代词which的用法

关系代词which在定语从句中只能指物，但既可以做宾语也能作主语

例：1)They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. (作主语)

2)The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. (作宾语)

3. 关系代词who，whom的用法

关系代词who,whom 只能指人，在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语

例：1)The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.(作主语)

2)The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. (作宾语)、

4. 关系代词whose在的用法

关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式，其先行词既可以是人也可以是物，whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语。

例：1)This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. (指人，作主语)

2) The room whose window faces south is mine. (指物，作主语)

3)He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten. (指物，作宾语)

5. 关系副词when的用法

关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语

例：1)I’ll never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm.

2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago?

6. 关系副词where在定语从句中的用法

关系副词where在定语从句中做地点状语

例：1)This is the place where( =at/ in which) we first met.

2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn’t very clean.

7. 关系副词why在定语从句中的用法

关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语

例: 1). I didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t the reason why(= for which) I left.

2). The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the train.

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela – a modern hero

一、重点词汇

1. selfish 自私的

selfless 无私的

2. devote oneself to… 致力于;献身于

3. fight against 对抗，反对

fight for 为… 而战

4. principle 原则

principal 校长;主要的

5. offer guidance to …给…提供指导

6. out of work 失业

7. join 加入(组织，俱乐部，成为其中一员)

join in 参加(活动)

take part in 参加(活动)

8. as + adj +as one can 尽可能…

= as + adj. +as possible

9. as a matter of fact 事实上(=in fact)

10. blow up 爆炸，炸掉

11. set up 建立 ; set about 着手，开始做( set about doing sth.)

set off 出发，动身 ; set out 开始，出发(set out to do sth.)

12. be sentenced to 被判…

13. be equal to 与…相等;胜任

14. be proud of 为…感到自豪

15. give out 分发 (give off 散发出(气味))

16. die for 为…而死

die of 死于(自身原因，如疾病)

die from 死于(外在原因，如车祸)

17. realize one’s dream of … 实现..的梦想

18. only 位于句首时，要主谓倒装

例：Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.

Only in this way, can we protect the environment better.

二.语法----定语从句

3.人教版英语必修三语法 篇三

(1). The way the guests ________ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. ( 北京)

A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated

(2). Would you please keep silent? The weather report ________ and I want to listen. (2009 湖南)

A. is broadcast B. is being broadcast

C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast

(3). I like these English songs and they ________many times on the radio. (安徽)

A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught

(4). Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ________ to the well-educated. (2009 重庆)

A. belongs B. is belonged C. is belonging D. will be belonged

(5). The water ________ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. ( 全国)

A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels

2.主谓一致

(1).Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.(安徽)

A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept

(2). The basketball coach, as well as his team, ______ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. (2012陕西)

A. were B. was C. is D. are

(3). All the scientific evidence ____ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _____ damaging our health. (2012湖南)

A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is

(4). The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

(5).One third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_______ black people. (湖南卷)

A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is

(6).Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ evening dress.(全国)

4.高中政治必修二的知识点 篇四

一、 中国共产党执政：历史和人民的选择

中国共产党领导和执政地位的确立

1、 历史事实表明：没有共产党就没有新中国，也没有我们今天的中国特色社会主义现代化建设事业。

2、 新中共成立后，中国共产党建设了社会主义制度，实现了中国历史上最广泛、最深刻的社会改革，并开创了中国特色社会主义现代化事业。

3、 结论：中国共产党的领导和执政地位不是自封的，是中国人民经历长期实践郑重作出的历史性选择。

4、 中国共产党领导和执政地位是由它的性质和宗旨决定的。

① 党的宗旨：全心全意为人民服务。

② 党的性质：中国共产党是中国工人阶级先锋队，同时是中国人民和中华民族的先锋队。

③ 党领导的核心：总揽全局，协调各方

5、 中国特色社会主义事业必须坚持以中国共产党为领导核心。

只有坚持中国共产党领导，才能始终保持现代化建设的社会主义方向;

才能维护国家统一、民族团结，并为社会主义现代化建设创造稳定的社会环境;

才能最广泛，最充分地调动一切积极因素搞好社会主义现代化建设。

6、 中国共产党坚持科学执政、民主执政、依法执政，不断完善党的领导方式和执政方式。

7、 中国共产党为什么要加强党的执政能力建设?

(1) 这是中国共产党的领导地位和我国国情决定的;

(2) 中国共产党是执政党，加强党的执政能力建设，做到科学执政、民主执政、依法治政，才能不断提高党的领导水平和执政水平，提高驾驭社会主义市场经济的能力、发展社会主义民主政治的能力、建设社会主义先进文化的能力、构建社会主义和谐社会的能力、应对国际局势和处理国际事务的能力;才能发挥党的密切联系群众的优良传统;才能搞好社会主义现代化建设;

(3) 加强党的执政能力建设，已成为一个事关党和国家长治久安的带有全局性、战略性、根本性、长期性的重大课题。

二、中国共产党：立党为公，执政为民

共产党员的先锋模范作用

1、 开展保持共产党员先进行教育活动的意义：

(1) 有利于提高党员素质，巩固党的执政地位，保持党的先锋队性质;

(2) 有利于我们党更好地科学执政、民主执政、依法治政，真正做到立党为公、执政为民;

(3) 有利于进一步加强和改进党的建设。

(4) 有利于坚持发扬党内民主，走群众路线。

坚持中国特色社会主义体系

实现最广大人民的根本利益

5、 判断马克思主义政党的试金石：相信谁、依靠谁，为了谁，是否站在最广大人民的立场上。

6、中国共产党的执政理念：党坚持以人为本。党始终把实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民的根本利益作为一切工作的出发点和落脚点，尊重人民主体地位，发挥人民首创精神，保障人民个喜爱那个权益，走共同富裕道路，促进人的全面发展，做到发展为了人民，发展依靠人民，发展成果由人民共享。

7、 中国共产党领导、支持和保证人民当家作主的具体实现形式有哪些?

(1) 领导人民通过人民代表大会制度掌握国家权力，以此保证国家制定的法律和方针政策能够体现人民的意志，维护人民的根本利益，保证人民当家作主。

(2) 领导人民依照宪法和法律规定，通过各种途径和形式，管理国家书屋，管理经济、文化事业，管理社会事务，以此保证国家各项事业的发展，符合人民的意愿、利益和要求。

(3) 领导人民实行基层民主，由群众依法办理自己的事情，通过民主选举、决策、管理、监督，自我管理、自我教育、自我服务

(4) 领导人民严格贯彻公民在法律面前一律平等的原则，使公民享有法律上、事实上的广泛的自由和权利，尊正和保障人权，维护公平和正义。

三、共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度：中国特色的政党制度

共商国是同舟共济

1、 民主党派的性质：作为各自所联系的一部分社会主义劳动者、社会主义事业的建设者和一部分拥护社会主义的爱国者的政治联盟，它们都是为社会主义服务的政治力量。

2、 地位：中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度，是中国特色的政党制度，是我国的一项基本政治制度。

3、政党制度的内容

通力合作的友党关系：中国共产党是执政党，各民主党派是参政党。

各民主党派参政的基本点：参加国家政权，参与国家大政方针和国家领导人的协商，参与国家事务的管理，参与国家方针、政策、法律、法规的制定和执行。

4、多党合作的前提和根本保证：坚持中国共产党的领导。

(中国共产党对民主党派的领导是政治领导，即政治原则、政治方向、和重大方针政策的领导)

5、 我国多党合作的基本方针是“长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共”。

“长期共存”是中国共产党存在多久，民主党派就存在多久，多党合作制度要长期存在下去。

“互相监督”实质共产党与各民主党派要在平等的基础上互相监督，尤其强调参政党监督执政党。

“肝胆相照”“荣辱与共”，表明参政党要和执政党一道经受考验，共同承担国家和民族盛衰兴亡的责任。

6、 多党合作的根本活动准则：遵守宪法和法律。

7、 多党合作的重要机构：中国人民政治协商会议，简称人民政协。

8人民政协

① 性质：是中国共产党和各民主党派合作的组织形式，是中国共产党领导的、具有广发代表性的爱国统一战线组织，是我国政治生活中发扬社会主义民主的重要形式。

9、 人民政协围绕团结和民主两大主题，履行政治协商、民主监督和参政议政的职能。

适合国情 优势显著

1、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度的显著特征：共产党执政、多党派参政，共产党领导、多党派合作。

2、政党制度的优越性：

① 有利于发展社会主义民主政治;

② 有利于发展社会主义经济和文化;

③ 有利于构建社会主义和谐社会;

④ 有利于推进祖国和平统一大业。 10 、 阐述中国共产党、人民代表大会、人民政协这三者之间的联系与区别。

人民代表大会、人民政协都是中国共产党领导下的社会主义民主形式。中国共产党是我国的执政党，人民代表大会是人民具体形式管理国家社会事务权利的组织形式，是国家的权力机关，人民政协是具有广泛代表性的爱国统一战线组织。

11 、 党委、人大、政府、政协在我国政治格局中分别处于什么地位?

5.高中高一物理必修二的教学计划 篇五

线运动的条件和规律; 万有引力定律的发现及其在天体运动中的 应用;功和能的概念，以及动能定理和机械能守恒定律。 2. 方法目标：学会运动合成和分解的基本方法;引导学生体会

万有引力定律发现过程中的思路和方法。 3. 能力目标：培养学生分析问题的能力;培养学生从能量的观

点和守恒的观点来处理的能力。 三、教材分析： 第一章《抛体运动》可分为两个单元： 第一单元第一节， 讲述物体做曲线运动的条件和曲线运动的 特点. 第二单元第二节、第三节，讲述研究曲线运动的基本方法─ ─运动的合成和分解， 并用这个方法具体研究平抛运动的特点和 规律，这是本章的一个重点内容. 第二章匀速圆周运动可分为两个单元： 第一单元第一节、第二节，讲述匀速圆周运动的描述方法和

基本规律. 分析匀速圆周运动的实例以及离心现象. 第二单元第三节、第四节，讲述圆周运动的实例分析 第三章《万有引力定律》章可分为三个单元： 第一单元第一节，学习开普勒关于行星运动描述的有关知识. 第二单元第二节和第三节，学习万有引力定律的知识. 第三单元第四节，学习万有引力定律在天体运动中的有关知识. 第四章《机械能》可分为四个单元： 第一单元第一节和第二节，讲述功和功率。 第二单元第三、四、五节，讲述动能和动能定理、重力势能。 第三单元第六、七节，讲述机械能守恒定律及其应用。 第五章《经典力学的成就与局限性》只有一个单元，即经典力学 的成就与局限性。 四、教学进度表： 教学进度周计划安排表 课次 一 二 三 四 五 六 曲线运动及习题课 运动的合成及分解、平抛运动平抛运动及习题课 第一章测试及讲解 圆周运动、匀速圆周运动的向心力和向心加速度 圆周运动的实例分析及习题课

七 八 九 十 十一 十二 十三 十四 十五 十六 五、具体实施： 1、精讲精练

圆周运动部分练习及单元测试 天体运动及万有引力定律 万有引力定律的应用及习题课期中复习期中考试 功、功率及习题课 势能、动能、动能定理 动能定理习题课 机械能守恒定律、能源的开发与利用 经典力学的成就与局限性 期末复习及期末考试

为了达成目标和计划，首先就是要提高上课和作业的效率。 作为教师首先就要讲清楚， 这样的目的是为了让学生理解、听懂， 学生只有会自己解题才能说明已经听懂了，所以要对题目编排、讲解优化组合，而最终目的就是要培养能力 2、及时的反馈 本学期要在课上和课后都有一个较完整的反馈机制。 比如上 课即时进行反馈性的练习。作业有问题的学生要与之交流，从中 了解问题所在，以便及时改进。对于学习有困难的学生要经常沟 通。有必要时候要进行家访。 3、分层教学

这样可以避免大锅饭端不平的现象和好学生吃不饱的.现象。 还有 就是为学生将来所要参加的考试提前打好基础， 做到教学有的放 矢。 4、对于学习最困难学生的具体措施 一定要让这些学生都把改弄懂的基础知识， 一发现问题立即 帮助他们解决。 对他们正确引导， 消除心理防碍， 适当放慢速度， 使他们对概念的理解和掌握随着认识能力的提高螺旋式上升。 5、教学反思教学改革教学重建 教学反思教学改革教学重建 这几个环节决不能 打折扣，还应多听老教师的课，与自己仔细对比，从中学习。主 动邀请老师听课指导，详细些好课后记。平时多向老教师请教。 6、提高学生的物理学习成绩的相关措施 (1)培养兴趣 (2)指导他们培养适合自己的新的学习方法 (3)帮助他们举一反三 7、作业中错题的订正。每天都把作业有问题的学生叫到办公室 里来辅导，并让他们重新订正。 8、平时多做练习题 这样可以加深对教学要求的理解和解体思路的归类整理， 以 及讲解习题时候如何渗透概念教学都是很有帮助的。 9、师生关系： 良好的师生关系可以帮助我上好每一堂课; 维持学生积极的

6.英语必修二的语法总结 篇六

审核：高一英语集研组

班级：小组：组内号：姓名：评价：必修3 Unit 5Canada―“The True North学案导学

Period four grammar：同位语从句

一、Preparation for the lesson before class

Stepone: make a thorough inquiry for grammar

learn by oneself（SB P37 Discovering useful structures）

Let’s students find out and understand concepts usesofby consuling materials.同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，常用从属连词that引导，（when, where, who等也可引导），常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, ability, patience, answer, order, 逻辑上表现为同位关系。例如：

① Finally the workers got an answer that the government could do nothing to raise their wages.工人们最终得知政府不会采取任何措施来增加他们的工资。

② They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.他们很熟悉这一观点，所有的物质都是由原子构成的。

二、Discussing each other during class

审核：高一英语集研组

班级：小组：组内号：姓名：评价：

Steptwo:同位语从句与that引导的定语从句的区别

：

1）从先行词来看

同位语从句与名词在本质上是同一的，是形式与内容的关系，该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词。例如：

They were delighted at the news that their team had won.当听到他们的球队赢了的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。

逻辑关系：The news was that their team had won.2)从引导词来看

引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体含义，that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，他在从句中充当一定成分：主语或宾语，有具体词意，作宾语时还可以省略。试比较：

①The factory(that)we visited yesterday is a chemical one.我们昨天参观的那家工厂是化工厂。(that在从句中作宾语)

②The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.他将要去上海的消息是真的。（that只起连接从句的作用。）

Stepthree:同位语从句的简易判断方法

因同位语从句与其先行词在逻辑上是同位关系，所以，我们可在名词和从句之间加系动词be, 使其可以构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则句子为同位语从句；定语从句是不能够用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。例如：

审核：高一英语集研组

班级：小组：组内号：姓名：评价：The thief that the earth is flat is still held in some countries.地球是扁平的这一观念依然在一些国家存在。(The belief is that the earth is flat.)

三、Summary

Stepfour:Teacher and students toghter.课后拓展

※单项填空

1.A story goes _____ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that

2.There is a feeling in me ______ we’ll never know what a UFO is forever.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what

3.Word came ______ the examination will be held in June instead of in July.A.thatB.whenC.whetherD.what

4.The fact ______ he failed the exam is not the one ______ he told me.A.which;thatB.that;thatC.which;whichD./;that

5.I have no idea ______ we ______ hand in our papers after class.A.if;needB.whether;need toC.if;ought toD.that;dare

6.They didn’t tell me the fact ______ they had already paid the bill.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if

审核：高一英语集研组

班级：小组：组内号：姓名：评价：

7.Information has been put forward ______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.what

8.The doctors are trying to reduce the patient’s fear ______ he would die of disease.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.if

9.You have not answered my question ______ I can join in the party tonight.A.whetherB.ifC.whichD.that

10.It is a common belief _______ teenagers today know about computers and are familiar _____ using them in all aspects of life.A.that;outB.what;withC.that;withD.what;about

11.There is no doubt _____ my friend Smith will come to visit China soon.A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.when

12.The possibility ______ the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.A.whichB./C.thatD.what

13.The suggestion _____ students should learn some practical knowledge is worth considering.A.ifB.whichC./D.that

14.The news came ______ The British Queen’s Mother celebrated her 101st

2013-2014学紫荆中学高一英语（必修3）Unit5导学案设计：郭凤萍审核：高一英语集研组

班级：小组：组内号：姓名：评价：

15.birthday in good health, _____ isn’t surprising, because she lives an easy life and gets the best medical care.A.that;whichB.which;whichC.that;thatD.when;as

16.Along with the letter was his promise _____ he would visit me on this coming Christmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether

17.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ______ road conditions need ______.A.that;to be improvedB.which;to be improved

C.where;improvingD.when;improving

17.It was with great joy ______ he received the news ______ his lost son would soon return home.A.because;thatB.that;thatC.because;whichD.that;/

18.A decision was made _______ those who once lied to the factory in order to get a job would not be allowed to stay.A.whetherB.whenC.thatD.once

19.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.A.that whatB.what thatC.thatD.all which

20.It is no longer a question now _______man can land on the moon.A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.what

7.英语必修二的语法总结 篇七

课 型：Grammar 授课时间：

教学目标: Introduce attributive clause

教学重点：The basic usage of the relative pronouns and learn to use them in different situations.

教学难点：How to help the students to learn the Attributive Clause efficiently.

教学过程：

Step 1.Revision:

Check homework.

Step 2. Presentation

Look at the picture at page8 and ask the students to speak out what they may think of.(Write down these three structures on the Bb or show them on the screen below the picture.)

Adjective: a green team

Prepositional phrase: a team in green

Attributive clause: a team who were wearing green

Attributive clause modifies a noun in the same way as adjective or prepositional phrase does. The noun it modifies is called an antecedent.

Read Part2 at page8. Attributive clauses are usually introduced by relative pronouns like which, that, who, whom, and whose, or relative adverbs like where, why and when. In the clause these relative words usually function as the following: (page8)

Step3

Read the article at page9 and underline the attributive clauses you find in the article.Relative pronouns: that, which, who, whom and whose. Read this part at page10 and grasp the usages of these relative pronouns.(show the screen) Then do the exercise at page11.

Step 4.Introudction

1. 语法术语及基本概念：

(1). 先行词: 被定语从句所修饰的那个词。

(2). 关系代词/关系副词:用来引导定语从句的关联词。

(3). 定语从句:一个句子用作某一名词或代词的定语时，我们称这个句子为定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的那个词叫先行词。定语从句由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which 以及关系副词when, where, why来引导，定语从句一般位于先行词之后。

2. 关系代词的用法：

(1). 先行词是人，关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，用who或that来引导。 e.g. Do you know the man who / that is standing over there?

The girl who / that took you to my place is my friend.

(2). 先行词是人，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，用whom或that来引导，但通常可以省略。先行词是人，关系代词在介词后面必须用whom，而且不能省略，也不能用that。

The boy (whom / that) we saw yesterday is Mr. Wang’s son.

The old man with whom I often go to the films is my grandfather.

(3). 先行词是物，关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，用which或that来引导。

e.g. The train which / that has just left is for Guangzhou.

The earthquake which / that happened in 1906 was the biggest in American history.

(4). 先行词是物，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，用which或that来引导，但通常可以省略。

e.g. The bird (which / that) we caught the other day flew away yesterday. The pen with which I am writing was bought in the Shopping Center.

(4).关系代词whose的用法：

关系代词whose 意思是“谁的”，“什么的”;它是who和which的所有格形 式，它可以用来引导定语从句，并且在定语从句中做定语，修饰从句的主语或宾语。

e.g. This is the house whose door / the door of which / of which the door faces east.

The relative pronouns referring to function in the clause

who person(s) subject/object

whom person(s) object

that person(s)/thing(s) subject/object

which thing(s) subject/object

whose person(s)/thing(s)

(of whom/which) attributive

3.只能使用关系代词that引导的定语从句：

(1). 先行词是不定代词all, something, anything, everything, nothing, none, the one, little, much等，只能使用关系代词that。

e.g. Is there anything that I can do for you?

Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?

All we have to do is to press the button.

(2). 先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, just, very 等词修饰时，只能使用关系代词that。

e.g. This is one of the presents that my boy friend gave me on my birthday.

(3). 先行词是形容词的最高级或被形容词的最高级所修饰时，只能使用关系代词that。

e.g. The most important thing that should be done recently is how to collect enough money for that poor student.

(4). 先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时，只能使用关系代词that。

e.g. This is the fifth book that he has ever written. When we talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes into mind is the West Lake.

(5). 先行词中既有人又有物，用who或which都不合适时，只能使用关系代词that。

e.g. The car and the driver that killed an old woman were held up by the police. They talked about things and persons that they remembered at school. The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well-known.

(6) 先行词为数词时，只能使用关系代词that。

e.g. He brought three children yesterday,.Now I can see the three that are playing in the garden.

(7) 复合句中含有两个修饰人的定语从句，其中一个已经用了who，另一个只能使用关系代词that。

e.g. Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.

(8). 主句是there be 结构，如果需要修饰的主语是物，只能使用关系代词that。e.g. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.

Step 5. Consolidation

定语从句专项练习

一.单项选择 定语从句的用法

1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.

A. that B. who C. whom D. this

2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.

A. who m B. which C. who D. /

3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.

A. that B. whose C. which D. as

4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?

A. the one B. which C. who D. whom

5. Is this factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?

A. the one B. that C. which D. /

6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.

A. which B. that C. / D. it

7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.

A. which B. in which C. that D. all

8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.

A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who

9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.

A. which B. whom C. whose D. this

10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.

A. who B. whom C. which D. /

11. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him.

A. was B. were C. is D. are

12. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.

A. whom B. who C. / D. he

13. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.

A. who live next door B. which lives next door

C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door

14. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.

A. which B. whom C. that D. who

15. Don’t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been _____.

A. /, to B. that, / C. where, to D. which, there

16. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.

A. what B. which C. as D. ./

17. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.

A. in that B. when C. where D. there

18. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born?

A. where B. in that C. that D. which

19. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.

A. when B. where C. that D. which

20. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met?

A. that B. when C. what D. on that

21. October 1,1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.

A. when B. that C. where D. in which

22. October 1,1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded.

A. which B. when C. where D. in which

23. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?

A. which B. where C. in which D. what

24. Is this museum _____ they visited last month?

A. that B. which C. where D. the one

25. I still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.

A. what B. which C. that D. where

参考答案

一. 单项选择 定语从句1~5 A C A B A 6~10 B C C A D 11~15 C B D D A 16~20 D C A B B 21~25 B B A D D