英语高考练习题

英语高考练习题（精选8篇）

1.英语高考练习题 篇一

成人高考高起点英语练习题

Ⅰ.Phonetics(10 Points)

Directions：

In each of the following groups of words， there are four underlined letter combinations marked A， B， C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

1.A. head B. horizon C. honour D. human

2.A. city B. bicycle C. face D. climb

3.A. think B. these C. breathe D. with

4.A. ground B. country C. thousand D. found

5.A. pour B. hour C. course D. four

6.A. both B. post C. cold D. son

7.A. altogether B. talk C. always D. also

8.A. suggestion B. nation C. dictation D. satisfaction

9.A. started B. closed C. waited D. needed

10.A. rare B. fare C. scare D. are

Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure(40 points)

Directions：

There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

11. _______ idea of _______ sounds much better than Clare‘s.

A. The， hers B. That， her C. That， hers D. One， her

12. China is famous ________ the Great Wall.

A. about B. for C. as D. of

13. Our school ________ new facilities.

A. is equipped with B. equips with C. will be equip with D. has equip with

14. I made this myself but it was _______ who taught me.

A. he B. him C. himself D. by him

15. He had his bicycle _______ yesterday.

A. repair B. repairing C. repaired D. be repaired

16. It was a ________ room， with beautiful wall paper， waxed floor and nice furniture.

A. pleased B. pleasant C. pleasing D. preasant

17. He regretted _______the decision too hastily.

A. make B. to make C. making D. have maked

18. The professor insisted that we _______ our homework before next month.

A. handed in B. will hand in C. hand in D. must hand in

19. It ______ me of the country which we visited last summer.

A. remembers B. recalls C. reminds D. tells

2.英语高考练习题 篇二

第一部分听力 ( 略)

第二部分英语知识运用 ( 共两节, 满分45分)

第一节单项填空 ( 共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. Several minutes later, the old lady came back, __a plate full of biscuits and can- dies.

A. to carry B. carrying

C. having carried D. carried

22. In August 2012, the United States pub- lished the proof__Cyclist Lance Arm- strong had been taking illegal substances to im- prove his performance in cycling.

A. that B. which

C. whose D. what

23. Mike__many times not to go swimming alone in the river before he drowned.

A. was warned

B. had warned

C. had been warned

D. would have warned

24. In my opinion, IQ plays a key role in one's success, and__.

A. nor does EQ B. nor EQ does

C. so does EQ D. so EQ does

25.__children to stay in touch with the nature, I think, will benefit them in the long run.

A. Encouraged

B. Encourage

C. Encouraging

D. To have encouraged

26.__is pointed out in his speech, China has made many breakthroughs in the space exploration.

A. AsB. Which

C. WhoD. It

27. Being intelligent and confident during the interview, Frank favourably__the manger of the company and finally got the job.

A. honoured B. impressed

C. influenced D. matched

28. We cannot understand the disease__ we understand the person who has the disease.

A. unlessB. when

C. thoughD. because

29. Having heard the exciting news, the dis- abled boy struggled to stand up, __and breathing hard.

A. to supportB. supporting

C. supportedD. support

30. —It is none of your business that I beat my son to death!

—But it is illegal. According to the law, parents__punish their children physically.

A. mustn't B. needn't

C. daren't D. wouldn't

31. The secretary and manager__ satisfied that the disabled__ well cared for in his company.

A. is; are B. is; is

C. are; are D. are; is

32. It is demanded in the new regulations that the school uniforms__at school.

A. must wear B. be worn

C. must be worn D. are worn

33. —Jenny is__about everything.

—She never gives in whenever she faces dif- ficulties.

A. optimistic B. cautious

C. curious D. particular

34. Robert had intended to attend the concert, but__the plan because he was not available.

A. had changedB. changed

C. would changeD. will change

35.__, girls share emotions with their good friends while boys share the activities with theirs.

A. In particular B. In place

C. In common D. In general

第二节完形填空 ( 共20小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)

阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 ( A、B、C和D) 中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

36. A. well-informed B. well-dressed

C. well-knownD. well-behaved

37. A. tightB. loose

C. common D. plentiful

38. A. mad B. hungry

C. wrongD. bad

39. A. chemist'sB. doctor's

C. baker'sD. barber's

40. A. twoB. three

C. fourD. five

41. A. obtainedB. missed

C. passedD. failed

42. A. overB. by

C. beyond D. above

43. A. steal B. respond

C. change D. stand

44. A. outgoing B. friendly

C. powerfulD. outstanding

45. A. punishingB. saving

C. questioning D. treating

46. A. working B. leading

C. actingD. performing

47. A. similarB. new

C. different D. strange

48. A. resisted B. preferred

C. admitted D. appreciated

49. A. habits B. behaviors

C. signs D. manners

50. A. pills B. actions

C. buses D. drugs

51. A. convinces B. warns

C. persuades D. wishes

52. A. promises B. friends

C. choices D. efforts

53. A. better B. cleaner

C. happier D. taller

54. A. lawful B. useful

C. harmlessD. illegal

55. A. destroyB. accomplish

C. formD. approach

第三部分阅读理解 ( 共两节, 满分40分)

第一节 ( 共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项 ( A, B, C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The Smurfs ( 蓝精灵) 2

An evil wizard ( Hank Azaria) tries to steal the magic Smurf-Essence. To accomplish this, he creates some anti-Smurfs called “Naughties ” ( voiced by Christina Ricci and J. B. Smoove) to help him. One Smurf ( voiced by Katy Perry ) knows of a secret spell that can turn Naughties in- to Smurfs, so the wizard kidnaps her while hu- mans agree to help an elder Smurf free the kid- napped Smurf.

Director: Raja Gosnell

Genres: Animation | Comedy | Family

Runtime: 105 min

Country: USA

Language: English

Release Date: 31 July 2013 ( USA)

Dealin' with Idiots

Faced with the absurd competitiveness sur- rounding his son's baseball team, Max Morris, a famous comedian, decides to get to know parents and coaches of the team better in an attempt to find the inspiration for his next movie.

Director: Jeff Garlin

Genres: Comedy

Runtime: 95 min

Country: USA

Language: English

Release Date: 12 July 2013 ( USA)

Fruitvale Station

Based on the real events of January 1, 2009, when Oscar ( Michael B. Jordan) a 22-year-old Bay Area resident was shot by police officers in a subway station. Also with Melonie Diax, Octavia Spencer, Kevin Durand and Chad Michael Mur- ray.

Director: Ryan Coogler

Genres: Biography

Runtime: 85 min

Country: USA

Language: English

Release Date: 26 July 2013 ( USA)

Turbo

All his life, Theo ( voiced by Ryan Reyn- olds) the garden snail has lived a slow life. Sud- denly, an accident gives him the ability to move at super speed and helps him achieve his biggest dream: winning the Indy 500. Also with the voices of Paul Giamatti, Michael Pena, Samuel L. Jackson, and Luis Guzman.

Director: David Soren

Genres: Animation | Adventure | Comedy | Family

Runtime: 96 min

Country: USA

Language: English

Release Date: 17 July 2013 ( USA)

I'm So Excited

A comedy about a plane that is about to crash. In the face of danger, the crew try to forget their own personal problems and devote them- selves body and soul to the task of making the flight as enjoyable as possible for the passengers.

Director: Pedro Almodóvar

Genres: Comedy

Runtime: 90 min

Country: Spain

Language: Spanish

Release Date: 8 March 2013 ( Spain)

56. What does the wizard do in order to steal the magic Smurf-Essence?

A. He creates some Naughties.

B. He kidnaps one Smurf in public.

C. He turns to humans for help.

D. He steals a secret spell.

57. Max Morris decides to study parents and coaches in order to__.

A. find a solution to their problems

B. come up with ideas for his next film

C. get along well with parents and coaches

D. help his son develop the team spirit

58. Which of the following is true of the movie Fruitvale Station?

A. The movie was directed by Pedro Almodóvar.

B. The movie is about a famous comedian.

C. The movie was made in January, 2009.

D. The movie is based on a real story.

B

Three years ago, a Chinese packed his sim- ple possessions into a rickshaw ( 三轮车) , and pedaled ( 蹬车 ) his rickshaw all the way from China to London to“promote the Olympic spirit”. After pedaling 37, 500 miles through 16 countries, he arrived in London in July, 2012, just before the 30th Olympic Games.

Now, Mr Chen Guanming, a 58-year-old farmer from China, wants to do it again, pedaling his rickshaw to Rio de Janeiro in Brazil for the 2016 Olympics.

Using tickets donated by an airline, he ar- rived in London in July, 2013. Earlier this month he set off on the first leg of a trip which will be at least 5, 800 miles. First, he pedaled to Liverpool, where friends secured free transport of the rick- shaw to Halifax in Nova Scotia, Canada, ready for Mr Chen's journey south.

However, for a Chinese speaker with only four words of English—one of which is“toilet”—pedaling a rickshaw on England's highways is not easy. In Cambridgeshire he was stopped on the A14 when his rickshaw caused traffic jams. Near Stoke-on-Trent he again came to the atten- tion of police, pedaling along the A50, a road heavily used by trucks. They offered him an es- cort ( 护送) to“more suitable roads”, but he re- fused. Asked why he insisted on using A-roads, Mr Chen said: “It's too complicated to use small roads because I don't have a GPS. I can recognise signs on bigger roads and know I'm going the right way. ”

John Beeston helped him plan the journey to Rio. He joined Mr Chen on Monday as they said goodbye to the rickshaw at the Port of Liverpool. With the rickshaw already on its way to Canada, Mr Beeston had to find a way for his friend to travel and eventually an airline offered an“afford- able”flight from Heathrow on Saturday. Mr Chen will then continue the next leg of his Olympian journey, with his friend tracking his progress.

With his sights set on Rio, does Mr Chen think 2016 will be the year he finally returns to China?

“I will keep going. It is my job now to tell the people of the world about the Olympics and about peace. I'll never stop doing the job I love until I die, ”he said.

59. What do you know about Mr. Chen's first global trip to the London Olympic Games?

A. He pedaled 37, 500 kilometers on the trip.

B. It took him three years to arrive in London.

C. He traveled across 16 countries on the trip.

D. The police offered him an escort to Canada.

60. How did Mr. Chen Guanming get to London in July, 2013?

A. By plane. B. By ship.

C. On foot. D. By bike.

61. We can infer that __.

A. Mr. Chen speaks English very well

B. Mr. Chen had trouble in communicating with people in England

C. the police often found faults with Mr. Chen

D. Mr. Chen becomes wealthy after the first global trip

62. Mr. Chen preferred to use A-roads in England because__.

A. A-roads were small

B. A-roads were quiet

C. A-roads were convenient

D. A-roads were busy

C

Scientists are starting to understand why one person's face can look so different from another's.

Working on mice, researchers have identified thousands of small regions of DNA that influence the way facial features develop. The researchers said that although the work was carried out on ani- mals, the human face was likely to develop in the same way.

The research team has found more than 4, 000 “regions”of DNA in the mouse that appear to play a role in facial appearance. These short stret- ches of DNA act like switches, turning genes on and off. Prof Visel from the Joint Genome Institu- te in California said: “In the mouse embryos we can see where exactly, as the face develops, this switch turns on the gene that it controls. ”

The scientists also looked at what happened when three of these genetic switches were removed from mice. “These mice looked pretty normal. It is really hard for humans to seesubtlediffer- ences in the faces of mice with the naked eyes, ”explained Prof Visel. “So we used CT scans to study the shapes of the skulls ( 颅骨 ) of these mice. In this way, we could measure the shapes of the skulls of these mice precisely. ”By compa- ring the transgenic ( 转基因) mice with normal mice, the researchers found small changes. Some mice developed longer or shorter skulls, while others have wider or narrower faces. “What this really tells us is that this particular switch also plays a role in development of the skull and can affect what exactly the skull looks like, ”he ex- plained.

Understanding this could help to reveal why and how things can go wrong as embryos develop in the womb ( 子宫) , leading to facial birth de- fects, such as cleft of the lip and palate. These defects affect feeding, speech, breathing and so- cial life.

Professor Visel added that scientists were just at the beginning of understanding the processes that shape the face, but their early results sugges- ted it was an extremely complex process. He said it was unlikely in the near future that DNA could be used to predict someone's exact appearance, or that parents could alter genetic material to change the way a baby looks.

63. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. The research findings throw light on how genes shape face.

B. The researchers have found how the human face develops.

C. The researchers have found genes shape human personalities.

D. The researchers made a big breakthrough in the gene study.

64. Why do the short stretches of DNA act like switches?

A. Because they can change genes of an ani- mal.

B. Because they can turn genes on and off.

C. Because they can produce genes of an an- imal.

D. Because they can update genes of an ani- mal.

65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “ subtle ”mean here?

A. Huge. B. Special.

C. Obvious. D. Tiny.

66. Children with cleft of the lip and palate__.

A. can speak as fluently as other children

B. may have a hard time in their daily life

C. can't support the mselves later as adults

D. can have no trouble in breathing

D

All around the world, more and more people are donating their time to take part in online vol- unteering projects. What motivates them to help strangers without expectation of money or even thanks?

Radha Taralekar helped teach Imelda how to protect herself from HIV, though the two have never met, and neither knows the other's name. From her home in Mumbai, the young woman took several weeks to write a guide especially for Imel- da — who lost her children to HIV / Aids in Ugan- da. Taralekar received no payment for the job. Taralekar is one of a number of talented people who regularly donate their time online. But what is driving them to help total strangers, while ask- ing for nothing in return? For Taralekar, the pro- ject gave her the chance to use her professional experience. “I want to serve people with my med- ical knowledge, ”she says.

Forsome, the inspiration to volunteer online was far more personal. After losing his wife to cancer, Tony Selman spent many hours online helping Cancer Research to collect data on the disease. “ Seeing how painful she was when my wife was dying, I determined to help scientists find a cure for cancer, ”he says.

Interests and hobbies are also one of the fac- tors. In 2011 Sam Luk, a designer, joined other online volunteers to try to help the police solve a murder case. Twelve years earlier the body of Ricky McCormick had been found killed in a field in St Louis, Missouri—the only clues being two encoded ( 译成密码) letters found in his pockets. Unable to decipher ( 破译) the codes, the police posted them online, calling for volunteers to help them make sense of the messages. “I'm interested in patterns and I love Sherlock Holmes, ”says Luk. He spent hours every week trying to decrypt the notes, but the case remains unsolved to this day.

For writer Clay Shirky, some large online vol- unteering projects benefit millions of people, giv- ing him a sense of achievement and generosity. He helps write Wikipedia, the world's biggest en- cyclopaedia ( 网上百科全书) , which is written entirely by people willing to donate their profes- sional knowledge without any reward.

67. Which of the following is the best title?

A. What caused Taralekar to help Imelda?

B. What motivates people to help others?

C. Why do people help strangers online?

D. Where can we find volunteers online?

68. We can infer that Radha Taralekar is a__.

A. designer

B. doctor

C. writer

D. policewoman

69. Sam Luk volunteered to help the police out of__.

A. interests and hobbies

B. his duty of work

C. money rewards

D. a sense of achievement

70. Which of the following shows the struc- ture of the passage?

CP: Central PointP: PointSp: Sub- point ( 次要点) C: Conclusion

第二节 ( 共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A. The popularity of the Internet and com- puters provides a gateway for the identity theft

B. avoid giving away too much personal infor- mation on social networking sites

C. There is one solution to the problem

D. He may get a driver's license in your name

E. change your passwords on a regular basis

F. There is no cure for identity theft except prevention

G. He may borrow money from the bank in your name

第Ⅱ卷

第四部分写作 ( 共两节, 满分35分)

第一节短文改错 ( 共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ( ∧) , 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线〔〕划掉。

修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 允许修改10处, 多者 ( 从第11处起) 不计分。

A carbon footprint refers to the effect that hu- man activities have on the environment. A low- carbon life help us reduce our carbon footprint.

A low-carbon life is aimed at cut down on the energy in our daily life, thus reducing the emis- sions of carbon dioxide. As is well-known that the air pollution is often caused by carbon gases.

How we live a low-carbon life? Firstly, we should take buses, walk or ride bikes instead of driving cars. With people's living standard has im- proved, there are more and more people drive pri- vate cars. This is one of the cause for air pollution. Secondly, when we leave our house or classroom, we had better to turn off the lights and electrical fans. Last but not least, we should recycle as more as possible. Metal products and paper products re- quire a lot of energy to produce, so we should recy- cle them instead of throwing them away.

Make small changes in life or we will make a big difference to the environment.

第二节书面表达 ( 满分25分)

请根据下面三幅画的内容写一个小故事, 并就此发表你的看法。

主要内容包括:

1. 连环画的内容;

2. 你的感想和看法;

注意:

1. 词数120以上;

2. 参考词汇: 铁链iron chain; 被……绊倒fall over; 垃圾箱dustbin;

3. 文章的开头已给出。

One day a two-year-old boy called Doudou is playing in a park with his parents. After a while he feels thirsty

3.英语高考练习题 篇三

（1）表达感谢之情并说明理由；

（2）描述并赞赏对方给与的帮助；

（3）再次阐明谢意并表达回报、愿望或祝愿。

分析历年高考英语作文真题发现，高考真题中并没有以感谢信的形式命题，而是把感谢这一内容作为写作的一个要点进行考查。

一、常用套语

1. 相关单词

2. 相关短语

表达“因（做了）某事而感谢您”的短语或句式有：

（1）thank you for （doing） sth.

（2）be thankful to you for（doing） sth.

（2）be grateful to you for （doing） sth.

（3）express my thanks to you for （doing） sth.

（4）express /show our gratitude to you for （doing） sth.

（5）show my hearty thanks to you for （doing） sth. 向你表达我衷心的感谢

（6）convey / express my heartfelt appreciation to you向你表达我衷心的感谢

3. 相关句子

（1）I am grateful to you for your patience， expertise and genuine concern.对于你们的耐心、专业精神和关心我表示深深地感谢。

（2）I would like to take this opportunity to express our gratitude to you for your timely help.我谨借此机会感谢您给予我们的及时帮助。

（3）I am writing to convey my heartfelt appreciation to you for the warm welcome you extended to my friend Kevin when he visited your school last week. 我写这封信是为了对你在我的朋友Kevin去参观你们学校时给予的热情欢迎表示衷心的感谢。

（4） If it had not been for your help /But for your help during my one years stay in New York， I wouldnt have adapted to it so quickly.在纽约的这一年里，若不是你给予的帮助，我不会适应得这么快。

（5）Please accept my sincere thanks for your participating in todays lecture.请接受我最诚挚的感谢，谢谢你参加今天的讲座。

二、高考真题

1.（2006安徽）假设你是李华，作为选派的交流学生在美国某中学学习了一年，寄住在Mr. Brown家里，刚回到国内。回国后你发现自己的一本英语词典遗忘在他家，因此给他写一封信，请他帮助寄回词典。信的主要内容如下：

[第一个要点]感谢在美国期间他所提供的帮助。

参考范文：I am truly grateful to you for all the kindness I got from you during my stay in the US.

2. （2008全国卷 I）假定你是李华，从小喜爱大熊猫（panda），一直通过有关网站（website）关注三年前在美国圣迭哥动物园出生的大熊猫“苏琳”和她的母亲“白云”。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据以下要点给动物园工作人员写一封信：

[第三个要点]感谢工作人员。

参考范文：Id like to wish her a happy birthday and to express my thanks /gratitude to you for your hard work， because of which Sulin and her parents are living a happy and healthy life in the US.

3.（2009山东）假设你是李华，曾在美国学习半年，现已回国。你想联系你的美国老师Mr. Smith，但没有其联系方式。请根据以下要点给你的美国同学Tom 写一封信：

[第一个要点]感谢Tom对你英语学习的帮助。

参考范文：I am writing to extend my gratitude to you for your kind assistance in my English learning when I was in the US. Additionally， your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into a unforgettable memory.

4. 2010重庆）假设你是李华，于2010年6月3日搭乘国外某航空公司航班（flight number BA793）回国后，发现遗失了一个行李箱（suitcase）。现请用英文给该航空公司写一封信，请他们帮你寻找。

[第四个要点]期待回复并表示感谢。

参考范文：Please accept my sincere appreciation for your help and kind consideration and I look forward to receiving your earliest reply.

5.（2010陕西）假定你是李华。你们学校和一所美国中学签署了教师交流协议。在过去的一年里，你们的英文老师是来自这所中学的Sue Wood。不久前她返回美国任教。请你根据写作要点和要求给Sue写封电子邮件。写作要点：

[第一个要点]对她表达感谢之意。

参考范文：We all miss you and please accept our sincere thanks for what you did for us.

6.（2013重庆）调查显示，中国长江江豚（finless porpoise）受人类活动影响而频临灭绝，目前总数不足1000只。假设你是李华，现请用英文给WWF（世界自然保护基金组织）写一封信，请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。

[第四个要点]表示感谢并期待回复。

参考范文：Thank you very much for your attention to it and kind help and I look forward to receiving your earliest reply.

7. （2014山东）假如你是李华，作为你们学校交换生的Tracy即将结束她在中国的学习生活并返回英国，请你根据以下内容用英语写一篇欢送稿。

[第三个要点]感谢她对大家英语学习的帮助。

参考范文：It is due to her help that every one of us has made great progress. Therefore， I would like to take this opportunity to express our heartfelt appreciation to Tracy from the bottom of our heart and we owe a debt of gratitude to her.

三、省市模拟题

1.（2016广东省适应性测试）假定你是李华，负责学校英文广播站。请你给广播站的顾问Dr. your Brown写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加广播站十周年庆典。要点如下：

[第一个要点]感谢他的指导。

I am truly grateful to you for having been our consultant for such a long time. If it had not been for your guidance， our broadcast station wouldnt have made so great progress and wouldnt have been that popular with the students.

2.（2016深圳二模）假定你是李华，你所在的“中国剪纸文化的传承（inheritance）和发展”课题研究小组刚刚获得今年的“中国大智汇创新研究挑战赛（China Thinks Big 2016）”二等奖。请你写信给你的外籍教师史密斯先生，感谢他一直以来对你们的支持与帮助。要点如下：

[第四个要点]感谢与祝愿。

I am thankful to you for your unselfish assistance and support all the time and I like to convey my sincere wishes for your happiness and health.

四、原创练习

1. 假定你是李华，你所喜爱的《21世纪报 · 中学生版》（21st Century-School Edition）创刊16周年之际征集读者意见。请你依据以下内容给主编写封信，内容主要包括：

（1）说明你是忠实读者。

（2）感谢该报对你英语学习的帮助。

（3）赞赏该报优点。

（4）提出建议。

注意：（1）词数100左右，开头语己为你写好；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Editor-in-Chief，

Congratulations on the 16th anniversary of 21st？Century-School Edition！

……

2. 假定你是李华，从互联网上得知国际中学生组织将举办一次给世界各国新生赠送二手课本的活动，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。内容主要包括：

（1）个人情况：年龄，性别，学历；

（2）表达参加意图及原因；

（3）希望获准并表示感谢。

注意：（1）词数100左右，开头语己为你写好；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Sir or Madam，

…

Looking forward to your reply！

Sincerely yours，

Li Hua

参考范文：

1.

Dear Editor-in-Chief，

Congratulations on the 16th anniversary of 21st Century-School Edition！

Im a regular reader of your newspaper. I am truly grateful to your newspaper for the help it has been giving to me in studying English. If it had not been for the guidance of your newspaper， I wouldnt have acquired so much knowledge. I like it very much for the reason that it not only provides a great variety of the latest news at home and abroad but also covers a wide range of interesting topics. In my view， it would be better if 21st Century-School Edition carries more articles to guide us in our English writing， and I hope that it will become even more popular.

Sincerely yours，

Li Hua

2.

Dear Sir or Madam，

Im Li Hua， an 18-year-old middle school student from China. I read from the Internet the announcement of an activity that you will hold to give the second-hand textbooks to newcomers as gifts at the very beginning of a new term and I am interested in it. I know that you welcome students from different countries and Id like to participate in it. I aim to take part in it not only because I tend to save the resources and help the poor students but also because I attempt to inspire other students who used the book to work harder. I hope I will be accepted as a member of your activity. And Id like to express my thanks to you if you would consider choosing me to be one.

Looking forward to your reply！

Sincerely yours，

Li Hua

4.高考英语作文练习 篇四

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 假如你是李华，美国一所友好学校准备与你们学校共同创办一份中学生英文刊物，该校格林先生来信询问有关情况。请你给她写封回信，假如你是李华，美国一所友好学校准备与你们学校共同创办一份中学生英文刊物，该校格林先生来信询问有关情况。请你给她写封回信，主要内容如下：

l 表示赞成。

l 提出你喜欢的栏目。

l 简要说明理由。

注意：

1.词数100左右。

2.新的开头和结尾已为你写好。

3.适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

4.参考栏目：栏目—column ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 假定你是李华，从小喜爱大熊猫(panda),一直通过有关网站(website)关注三年前在美国圣迭哥动物园出生的大熊猫“苏琳”和她的母亲“白云”。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据以下要点给动物园工作人员写一封信：

1、自我介绍;

2、祝贺苏琳生日;

3、感谢工作人员;

4、索取苏琳三岁生日照。

注意：

1、词数100左右;

2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;

3、开头语已为你写好。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一家宾馆新开业，为吸引外国宾客，希望在互联网上进行宣传。请你用英语为其 写一篇文字介绍。主要内容包括：

1.地点：距白山入口处500米;

2.房间及价格：单人间(共20间)，100元/天;双人间(共15间)，150元/天;热水淋浴;3.餐饮：餐厅(中、西餐)，咖啡厅(茶、咖啡);4.游泳池：全天免费开放;5.欢迎预定。

注意：1.词数100左右，开头语已为你写好;2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 据报道，7岁的美国女孩Amy Bruce得知自己身患肺癌(lung cancer)后处于极度的痛苦之中，美国抗癌协会(ACS)决定，每当Amy收到一封慰问信，就给她增加3美分的治疗款。

假如你是新华中学的学生李华，请你用英文给Amy写一封慰问信，主要内容包括：

自我介绍

得知的情况

表示鼓励

打算为她做什么

祝她早日康复

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 假设你叫王明，昨天收到了笔友David的e-mail，得知他不久要到北京来学习中文。他想了解如何学好中文。请你用英文给他回复一封e-mail，介绍学习中文的体会和方法，提出你的建议，以及表达你帮助他学好中文的愿望。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 随着阳光体育运动在全国开展，政府对中学生身体素质有所下降这个问题给予了高度重视，提出了这样的标语：“EXERCISE ONE HOUR A DAY, KEEP ILLNESS AWAY”。同学们参加了各种体育锻炼之后，校园里出现了可喜的变化，强身健体，增强了学习效果，校园生活丰富了。请你报道一下学校开展这一活动的情况。注意：1.词数80—100左右。

2.要求文章结构合理、内容通顺、句子连贯。

参考词汇：build up one’s body strength 强健身体；reduce diseases 减少疾病

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 请你根据下面的提纲，以“我的家乡”为题，写一篇100—120字的短文。

提纲：

(1)家乡的地理位置；

(2)解放前的情况；

(3)解放后的变化；

(4)对家乡的感情。

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 健康对于我们每个人来说是非常重要的，但你的父母天天忙于工作而忽略了这个问题，你很为他们担忧。请你以此为话题，并结合提示给他们写一封信。

提示：1.要走路去上班，而不是开车或坐车；

2.每周至少去体育馆锻炼一次，或打球、或游泳；

3.饮食要健康；

4.不要工作太晚，要早休息。

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一家宾馆新开业，为吸引外国宾客，希望在互联网上进行宣传。请你用英语为其 写一篇文字介绍。主要内容包括：

1.地点：距白山入口处500米;

2.房间及价格：单人间(共20间)，100元/天;双人间(共15间)，150元/天;热水淋浴;3.餐饮：餐厅(中、西餐)，咖啡厅(茶、咖啡);4.游泳池：全天免费开放;5.欢迎预定。

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习，七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛，你在资料搜集，语言运用当面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件：1询问他的生活和学习情况2谈谈你的困难并请他

帮忙3告诉他你打算比赛后去看他。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 假定你是李华，从本地网站上得知某外资餐饮公司需要招聘周末兼职服务生，欢迎中学生应

聘，请你写一封电子邮件应聘。

内容包括：

1.自我介绍； 应聘原因（了解社会，参加社会实践）3.解释自己适合这项工作的原因。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Henry最近来信，询问你高考后的暑期安排。请你根据以下要点，用英语回一封信，说明你的计划，并简述理由。1.休息； 2.读书；

3.陪伴父母；

4.参加社会活动。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 假定你是李华，希望通过外籍教师Peter找一个英语笔友。请写一封短信，描述一下你理想中笔友的条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括： 1.年龄； 2.性别； 3.爱好（旅游、运动、宠物等）。

5.英语高考练习题 篇五

高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案(10)

Hank Viscardi was born without legs.He had—not legs but stumps(残肢)that could he fitted with a kind of special boots, People stared at him with cruel interest.Children laughed at him and called him ‘Ape Man’(猿人)because his arms practically dragged on the ground.Hank went to school like other boys.His grades were good and he needed only eight years to finish his schooling instead of the usual twelve.After graduating from school, he worked his way through college.He swept floors, waited on table, or worked in one of the college offices.During all this busy life, he had been moving around on his stumps.But one day the doctor told him even the stumps were not going to last much longer.He would soon have to use a wheel chair.Hank felt himself got cold all over.However, the doctor said there was a chance that he could be fitted with artificial legs(假腿).Finally a leg maker was found and the day came when Hank stood up before the mirror, For the first time he saw himself as he has always wanted to be——a full five feet eight inches tall.By this time he was already 26 years old.Hank had to learn to use his new legs.Again and again he marched the length of the room , and marched back again.There were times when he fell down on the floor, but he pulled himself up and went back to the endless marching.He went out on the street.He climbed stairs and learned to dance.He built a boat and learned to sail it.

学校网址： http://tygdedu.keaedu.com/

D.was not willing to give him a job at first

4.When Hank marched and drilled along with the other soldiers, he ______.A.did everything the other soldiers did

B.did most of the things the other soldiers did

C.did some of the things the other soldiers did

D.took some special training

5.The writer suggests that Hank Viscardi _______.A.had no friends B.never saw himself as different from others

C.was very shy D.was too proud to accept help from others

答案：

1C 2 A 3 D 4 A 5 B

6.英语高考练习题 篇六

A. His eyes begin to move. B. His breathing becomes faster.

C. His heart rate increases. D. His eyes stop moving.

64. The subject of this passage is ________.

A. why people sleep B. the human need for REM sleep

C. the characteristic of REM sleep D. physical changes in the human body

65. Which of the following is the best title of the article?

A. REM Sleep B. Two Types of Sleep C. Sleepers D. What Happens to Sleepers

Passage Two

The Mother Goose Stories， so well known to children all over the word， are commonly said to have been written by a little old woman for her grandchildren. According to some people， she lived in Boston， and her real name was Elizabeth Vergoose. Her son-in-law， a printer named Thomas Fleet， was supposed to have published the famous stories and poems for small children in 1719. However， no copy of this book has ever been found， and most scholars doubt the truth of this story―and doubt， moreover， that Mother Goose was ever a real person. They point out that the name is a direct translation of the French “Mere I‘ Oye.” In 1697 the Frenchman Charles Perrault published the first book in which this name was used. The collection contains eight tales， including “Sleeping Beauty，” “Cinderella，” and “Puss in Boots.” But Perrault did not originate these stories; they were already quite popular in his day， and he only collected them.

66. What is suppssed to have happened in 1719?

Elizabeth Vergoose wrote the first Mother Goose Stories.

Thomas Fleet published the Mother Goose Stories.

The Mother Goose Stories were translated into French.

Charles Perrault published the first Mother Goose Stories.

67. Most scholars consider Mother Goose to be _________.

A. a real person B. a book written by a little old woman

C. a collection by Elizabeth Vergoose D. a translation from French

68. When Perrault published the first book in 1679， _______.

no story of the book had been known to people

some stories of the book were already well known

few people were interested in the stories of the book

stories like “Sleeping Beauty” and “Cinderella” became popular

69. The name used in the first book published in 1679 is supposed to have been _______.

A. Mother Goose B. Mere I‘ Oye C. Elizabeth Vergoose D. Charles Perrault

70. On the basis of this passage， what may be concluded about the real origin of stories “Sleeping Beauty” and “Cinderella”?

They were invented by Elizabeth Vergoose.

They were invented by Thomas Fleet.

They were invented by Charles Perrault.

Their writers are unknown.

Passage Three

Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts; they rely on depositors (储户) not to demand payment all at the same time. If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not safe， that it cannot pay off all its depositors， then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day. If they did， the bank could not pay all accounts. However， if they did not all appear at once， then there would always be enough money to pay those who wanted their money when they wanted it. Mrs. Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced. One day in December of 1925 several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs. Vaught lived. The other banks expected a run the next day， and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs Vaught worked as a teller had enough money on hand to pay off their depositors. The officers simply told the tellers to pay on demand. The next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside. The length of the line made many think that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone. People began to push and then to fight for places near the tellers‘ windows， The power of the panic atmosphere was such that two tellers， though they knew that the bank was quite all right and could pay all depositors， drew their own money from the bank. Mrs Vaught says that she had difficulty keeping herself from doing the same.

71. A bank run happens when _______.

a bank is closed for one or more days

too many depositors try to draw out their money at one time

there is not enough money to pay all its depositors at one time

tellers of a bank take their own money from the bank

72. The tellers in Mrs. Vaught‘s bank were told to ________.

explain why they could not pay out all accounts

pay out accounts as requested

make the depositors believe that the bank was stand

pay out money as slowly as possible

73. The main cause of a bank run is _______.

A. loss of confidence B. lack of money

C. crowds of people D. inexperienced tellers

74. Which of the following did Mrs. Vaught say?

She know that the bank was not sound.

She feared that too many depositors drawing their money would close the bank.

She was not able to draw out her money.

7.英语高考练习题 篇七

一、信息源的习题化与信息题的再生性拓展

一个信息源可以编制多个信息题, 由信息源到物理习题的原创或改编过程叫做信息源的习题化。下面案例介绍信息题从信息源的由来过程和思路。Q

1. 利用信息源“”原创关注社会热点信息题。

例1. (原创题) 规定无穷远处的电势等于零, 真空中距点电荷r处的电势 (正电荷, 取正号、k已知) 。地球半径为R=6400km, 地球表面重力加速度已知, g=10m/s2。地球表面的电场假设为100V/m, 在r>R处, 地球可以等效为一个集中在球心的负的点电荷形成的电场, 则 :

A.由上述数据无法估算地球表面的电势大小。

B.由上述数据可以估算地球这个孤立导体的电容值。

C.若雾霾天, 空中静止的PM2.5颗粒只受静电力和万有引力, 若由于某种扰动, 它距离地球的高度发生变化时, 则颗粒的平衡将被破坏。

D.由上述数据可以估算地球的面电荷密度。Q

【解析】电势对r求导得地球Q周围的电场强度的大小公式为, 结合R=6400km可求得地球表面的电量, 亦可求Q得地球的面电荷密度。由和R可求得地球表面到无穷远处的电势差的绝对值为QQR, 再由得, 这是一个与材料、温度等因素均无关的常数, 只取决于导体球的半径。故答案为B.D。Q

【点评与拓展】由本题信息源求导得出场强公式的方法具有一般意义, 可广泛运用, 因为高中已经学过微积分。地球的引力性质、电的性质及磁的性质我们称之为“地球的三性”, 这是历年高考的热点。另外, 本题所得的地球的电容公式对任意导体球都适用, 均为C=R/k。值得一提的是, 当年库伦用两个相同的金属球相碰, 电量均分的原理, 可在这里得到解释 :半径相同则电容箱等, “相碰”则二者电势相同, 相对于0势能面的电势差相等, 故Q=CU相等, 电量均分, 至于是铜球、铅球或铁球则无关系。

由此, 我们再次见证了信息题的迁移至价值, 他对学生知识能力的提高不仅具有即时价值还具有延时价值。信息题具有极强的可再生性。Q

2. 利用信息源”原创常规信息题。

例2. (原创题) 规定无穷远处的电势等于Q零, 真空中距点电荷r处的电势 (正电荷, 取正号) 。等量同种电荷相距d, 求其中轴线上任一点P的电势和场强。

【解析】P的电势点P的场强对上式求导即可求得,

3. 利用信息源“”, 进行变式拓展。

例3. (改编题) 规定无穷远处的电势等于零, 真空中距点电荷r处的电势φ=±kQ/r (正电荷, 取正号) 。图示为一个半径为R的均匀带电圆环, 单位长度的带电量为η。取环面中心O为原点, 以垂直于环面的轴线为x轴。设轴上任意点P到O点的距离为x, P点电势的大小为φ。k为静电力常量) , 则下列合理的表达式应为 ( )

P点的场强大小为

【解析】BCD的排除很容易 :电势必与电荷量有关, 而选项B不含与电量有关的电荷线密度, 必然错误, 况且单位错误 ;x=R时, 选项C电势无穷, 显然错误 ;x=0时, 选项D电势为零, 亦错误。但是A、E、F三两个选项不易用常规方法判断。用微元法或积分方法均可。选取环上一小段长Δl, 电量Δq=ηΔl, 它在P点电势的大小为kΔq/r, P点总电势为 :

选项F正确 ;

P点的场强大小

故本题选项FG正确。若令其中2πRμ=q, 则, 此式可作为一个一般性结论, 进行拓展。

拓展1 :可以看到, 例2的等量同种电荷中轴线上任一点的场强也是如此, 只是将式子中的Q=2q, R=置换即得

同理, 对于对称分布的等量同性的4个, 如图同样可得出

至于6个、8个…2n个电荷的情形通过类比即可得出答案。d

拓展2 :如右图所示的情景的a、b、c三点的电场计算依据上述结论也很容易求得, 恰似2010年福建卷的第18题。2d

拓展3 :由于电势无方向, 便于叠加, 因此对于对称电荷中轴线上某点的场强计算问题, 均可以先求电势, 再通过求导或等效类比求得场强的大小。

例4. (原创题) 电偶极子在解释“玳瑁吸褡”等现象时非常有用, 是静电学的一个重要模型。两个带电量为q的相距为l的等量异种电荷组成的系统叫电偶极子, 如图r>>l所示, 试求 :

(1) 电偶极子P点的电势为

(2) P点的场强的大小_______。

(提示 :可先求电势, 再通过求导求场强, 亦可直接叠加球场强, 要用到近似计算)

通过上述讨论, 信息题的迁移价值和极强的可再生性可见一斑。这也许就是近年高考热衷信息题的一个重要因素。

二、梳理整合大学物理的重要结论, 原创典型信息题

引力势能EP=-GMm/r, 卫星动能, 卫星机械能q Q;真空中点电荷电势能;无限长直线电流周围的磁场公式, 圆电流圆心处的磁场公式等都是大学物理的重要结论, 都可作为信息题的信息源。

例5. (社会热点公式型信息题原创) 。我国的嫦娥探月工程分为绕、落、回三个阶段, “嫦娥三号”是其中的第二阶段 ;预计2017年将要发射“嫦娥五号”有望实现无人自动采样后重返地球的目标。引力势能公式为, 月球质量、半径已知分别为M、R, “嫦娥五号”质量为m, 并假设一次加速起飞后完全靠惯性运动。

(1) 若忽略月球自传及地球、太阳和其他天体的引力等因素影响。欲使已经落月的“嫦娥五号”挣脱月球引力重返地球, 至少需要多大的起飞速度?根据常识请估算该速度的大小。

(2) 若考虑到月球的自传因素, “嫦娥五号”返回地球时, 从月球低纬度处 (月球赤道处) 返回地球和从高纬度处返回地球哪种情况更好些?

(3) 欲使“嫦娥五号”回“家” (地球) 过程节能, 请你展开想象的翅膀, 再提供其它的节能建议?

【解析】 (1) 假设到很远处, 为行动能势能均为0, “嫦娥五号”一次加速后的起飞速度可由机械能守恒定律得解得

考虑到月球的质量是地球质量的1/81, 月球半径约为地球半径的1/4, 月面重力加速度是地面重力加速度的1/6, 结合月球上的“黄金代换关系”。

km/s=2.28km/s。“嫦娥五号”欲摆脱月球引力而回“家”, 一次加速后的起飞速度至少为2.28km/s

(2) 如果考虑到月球的自传因素, 从月球低纬度处 (月球赤道处) , 沿着月球自传方向发射, 这样返回地球比从高纬度处返回地球更节能。

(3) 因月球表面无大气, 而且月球上的发射速度较小, 从月球起飞的火箭无需增加防热层, 这样可减少返回火箭的质量 ;落月前时, 让“嫦娥五号”从绕月运动的轨道舱中释放, 返回时, “嫦娥五号”只需上升到轨道舱与轨道舱对接, 然后利用轨道舱的助力火箭上升到地月引力平衡点 (该点经计算距地心54R1, 距月心只有6R1, 这里R1表示地球的半径) 以后地球的引力大于月球的引力, 返回舱就靠地球引力即可返回了。月球、地球、太阳共线且月球在日地连线外侧沿月球自转方向从月球赤道发射时, 最节能。

三、充分发掘DIS系统获得的图像信息, 转化成物理试题

位移传感器、力传感器、电压传感器、压强传感、磁感应强度传感器等与计算机结合, 通过DIS系统实现实验技术的信息化, 可以实时提供大量的图像信息源, 为命制信息题的范围大大拓宽。因此, 以DIS试验为背景的信息题估计高考命题将逐渐谨慎地渗透。之所以用“谨慎”二字, 是考虑到我国各地经济发展的不平衡而导致的各地学校实验条件的差异, 会影响考试的效度。谨慎地“渗透”是要通过高考命题渐进地敦促试验室、实验技术的信息化建设。我们应该关注此种变化。

例6. (改编题) 如图所示, DIS系统中, S是电流传感器, 接计算机, 足够长的金属导轨MN和PQ与R相连, 平行地放在水平桌面上, 质量m= 0.10kg的金属杆ab可以无摩擦地沿导轨运动。已知电阻R= 0.60Ω, ab杆的电阻r= 0.40Ω, 导轨宽度为L= 1.0m, 磁感应强度为B=1T的匀强磁场垂直穿过整个导轨平面。现给金属杆ab施加一个恒力F=10N, 电流传感器就将各时刻t的电流I数据实时送到计算机, 在屏幕上显示出It图象如右。g= 10m/s2。

A. 杆在恒力F作用下, 做匀加速直线运动。

B. 在刚开始运动的0.4s内通过电阻的电量q大约为3C。

C. 0~0.40s内杆的位移约为44m, R上产生的焦耳热QR=5J。

D. 杆运动的-速度时间图像vt图与It图极其类似, 最大速度是10m/s。

【解析】FILB=ma, 其中速度逐 渐增大 , 加速度逐 渐减小 , 选项A错误 ;加速度为0时, 速度最大, 为杆运动的速度-时间图像vt图与It图极其类似, 选项D正确 ;在刚开始运动的0.4s内通过电阻的电量q等于图线与t轴包围的面积, 由图知 :总格数为144格 (140~150均正确) , q=144×0.04×0.04C=0.23C , 选项B错误 ;, 0~0.40s内杆的位移约?为, 所以选项D错误。

【点评】本题的It图像是中学阶段很少涉及的, 在常规试验下不可能在不到一秒的时间内该图像。采用DIS实验系统后, 描述电流实时变化的It图象就可以获得。之所以能够编制成此类题目, 正是由于采用DIS实验系统的结果。根据又可获得vt图像, 进而分析运动状态。

四、关注科技前沿, 将前沿科学成果作为信息源

例7 (2013·北京东城区期末) 。1995年美国费米国家实验室在实验中观察到了顶夸克, 测得它的静止质量m=3.1×10-25kg, 寿命t=0.4×10-24s, 这是近二十几年粒子物理研究最重要的实验进展之一。正、反顶夸克之间的强相互作用势能可写为EP=-k4as/3r式中r是正、反顶夸克之间的距离, as是强相互作用耦合常数, k是与单位制有关的常数, 在国际单位制中k=0.319×10-25 J·m, 则在国际单位制中强相互作用耦合常数as的单位是 ( )

A.N B.V B.J D.无单位

【解析】将信息源表达式变形得故将表达式中的单位代入得

【点评】单位制问题是物理考试大纲单列的一个考点。不可忽视。耦合常数as的概念在高中虽未学过, 但是根据已知信息, 是可以推导出来的。考查了运用旧知解决新问题的迁移能力和推理能力等。有利于与大学物理的衔接, 有利于引导考生关心学科发展, 关心科技前沿。

五、拓展实验资源, 以实验图像作为信息源, 考查图像信息的翻译识别与估算能力

例8. (图像型信息题·改编题) 如图物块自曲面滑到底部的水平向左的速率为v0, 固定在传送带右端的位移传感器纪录了小物块滑到传送带上后的位移随时间的变化关系如图2所示 (图象前3s内为二次函数, 3~4.5s内为一次函数, 取向左运动的方向为正方向) 。已知传送带的速度保持不变, g取10 m/s2。

A.传送带的速度v的大小为1m/s, 方向向左

B. 物块先向左匀减速, 与带等速后, 共同匀速运动

C.前两秒内物块的平均速度为2m/s

D.传送带的速度v的大小为4m/s, 方向向右

【答案】BC正确, 解析略。

【点评】本题的xt曲线本身就是表示质点动态变化关系的信息源, 从中即可以求得对应时刻的位置又可求得对应的速率等信息, 还可以翻译出速度时间图像

六、信息题的突破策略

信息题难度大, 再生性强, 与大学物理相渗透, 相衔接, 迁移价值高, 有利于落实课改理念, 抓边学习方式, 为高考命题所看重。我们可从以下方面突破信息题。

1.注重自主学习能力的培养, 训练收集信息和信息整合能力。平时注重对自主阅读、自学能力的培养, 养成独立思考习惯, 善于发现信息、利用信息, 培养信息整合与应用能力。

2.扩大自主学习面、训练审题能力、培养良好的模型自主构建能力。敢于做主、敢于建模, 竭力避免过于依赖听老师的讲的“静听”现象, 要善于独立思考, 培养批判精神 ;另外还要养成良好的审题习惯, 不漏读、错读, 避免先入为主的知觉定势。审题做到眼看、口读、手画、脑思四同步。有效获取信息, 自主建模。

3.重视母题变式, 变“被动应试”为“主动迎考”。教师在知识上有居高临下的优势, 对于大学普物中一些具有普遍迁移价值的重要结论或模型如电偶极子、暂态过程、霍尔效应、感应加速、直线电机 (磁悬浮和舰载机的电磁弹射与此相关) 、塞曼效应、磁聚焦等都可以有意识地、适时适度地进行渗透。

4.变传统的“知识考点导向的三点式复习”为“以思想方法为主线的知识过程相结合新复习模式”。减少些机械式的重复性练习, 适当地地进行拓宽、注重思想方法的专项突破应该比传统的过分地钻考点、讲考点、练考点的“三点式”知识导向的复习方式向以知识为基础的“以思想方法、能力专项突破”为主线的复习过度效果应该会更好。学生也应该有这方面的主动性和自觉性。

5.挖掘大学物理及相关文献里的重要结论, 创作改编信息题。

最后将“信息题备考策略经”呈现给大家, 共勉 :信息题虽难, 教育价值高, 大学来衔接, 积极应对好 ;大学题结论, 高考信息呈 ;即学即时用, 迁移建模型。专项来突破, 备考宜主动 ;倡导自主学, 延伸作变通 ;自己编题练, 有利针对性, 信息有意识, 变式能力升!

参考文献

[1]于永建.数学课改可能引起的物理高考与自主招生命题和教学备考的变化研究 (上) [J].高中数理化, 2014, (4-6) .

[2]于永建.解读2014年高考课标版物理《考试大纲》的变化[J].求学, 2014, (6-7) .

8.高考真题语法分类练习（一） 篇八

1. （2012四川） He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of ___ .

A. luckB. value

C. timeD. fact

2. （2012全国Ⅱ） The Harry Potter books are quite popular； they are in great ___ in this city.

A. quantityB. progress

C. productionD. demand

3. （2012江西） You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ___ .

A. purposeB. reference

C. progressD. memory

4. （2012湖北） It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ___ .

A. symptomB. similarity

C. sampleD. shadow

5. （2012湖北） The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ___ in applying for a visa.

A. patternB. procedure

C. programD. perspective

6. （2012福建） —Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency？

—Well， you know， English is my ___ . So it is my best choice.

A. strengthB. talent

C. abilityD. skill

7. （2012浙江） Your ___ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflection on how you learn.

A. operationB. growth

C. performanceD. character

8. （2012江苏） — Can I help you with it？

—I appreciate your ___ ， but I can manage it myself.

A. adviceB. question

C. offerD. idea

9. （2011四川） Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s ___ .

A. touchB. sight

C. reachD. distance

10. （2011山东） There’s a ___ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday， they bring in a cake for us all to share.

A. traditionB. balance

C. concernD. relationship

11. （2011福建） The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major ___ of global climate change.

A. resultB. cause

C. warningD. reflection

12. （2011江西） What’s the ___ ， in your opinion， of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself？

A. sympathyB. theme

C. objectD. point

13. （2011湖北） “Tommy， run！ Be quick！ The house is on fire！” the mother shouted， with ___ clearly in her voice.

A. angerB. rudeness

C. regretD. panic

14. （2010天津） James took the magazines off the little table to make ___ for the television.

A. roomB. area

C. fieldD. position

15. （2010山东） Those who suffer from headache will find they get ___ from this medicine.

A. reliefB. safety

C. defenseD. shelter

16. （2010湖北） This restaurant has become popular for its wide ___ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.

A. divisionB. area

C. rangeD. circle

17. （2010江苏） The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients， so he has a very good ___ .

A. expectationB. reputation

C. contributionD. civilization

18. （2010安徽） I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl， and she has changed beyond ___ .

A. hearingB. strength

C. recognitionD. measure

19. （2010江西） Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200，000， a （n） ___ of 40，000 per year.

A. averageB. number

C. amountD. quantity

20. （2010浙江） The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don’t give you any direct ___ .

A. solutionB. target

C. measureD. function

冠 词

1. （2012四川） We are said to be living in ___ Information Age， ___ time of new discoveries and great changes.

A. an； theB. 不填； the

C. 不填； aD. the； a

2. （2012全国Ⅰ） Sarah looked at ___ finished painting with _____ satisfaction.

A. 不填； aB. a； the

C. the； 不填D. the； a

3. （2012全国Ⅱ） He missed ___ gold in the high jump， but will get ___ second chance in the long jump.

A. the； theB. 不填； a

C. the； aD. a； 不填

4. （2012安徽） Carl is studying ___ food science at college and hopes to open up ___ meat processing factory of his own one day.

A. 不填； aB. 不填； the

C. the； aD. the； the

5. （2012江西） The Smiths don’t usually like staying at ___ hotels， but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ___ sea.

A. 不填； aB. the； the

C. 不填； theD. the； a

6. （2012山东） Being able to afford ___ drink would be ___ comfort in those tough times.

A. the； theB. a； a

C. a； 不填D. 不填； a

7. （2012辽宁） I woke up with ___ bad headache， yet by ___ evening the pain had gone.

A. the； theB. the； an

C. a； theD. a； an

8. （2012浙江） The development of industry has been ___ gradual process throughout ___ human existence， from stone tools to modern technology.

A. 不填； theB. the； a

C. a； 不填D. a； a