专升本英语模拟试题五

2024-09-05

专升本英语模拟试题五（精选8篇）

1.专升本英语模拟试题五篇一

2018年成人高考专升本民法考试精选试题及答案五

一、选择题：1～35小题，每小题2分，共70分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，选出一项最符合题目要求的，将所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。

1.王某与刘某结婚4年后，已生一子王乙。2004年7月5日后，王某开始音讯全无，生死不明。若干年后，其妻刘某向法院中请宣告王某死亡，法院依法作出宣告死亡判决。刘某向法院申请宣告王某死亡，法院应予受理的最早申请E1期是()

A.2008年7月5日

B.2008年7月6日

C.2006年7月5日

D.2006年7月6日

答案：B

2.甲15周岁因有某项发明，而与刘某达成转让该发明的协议。该转让协议的效力如何()

A.该转让协议有效

B.该转让协议效力未定

C.该转让协议无效

D.该转让协议可撤销

答案：B

3.在下列各类的法人中，具有意思机关的是()

A.股份有限公司

B.国务院

C.公安局

D.县人民政府

答案：A

4.住所地在长春的四海公司在北京设立了一家分公司。该分公司以自己的名义与北京实达公司签订了一份房屋租赁合同，租赁实达公司的楼房一层，年租金为30万元。现分公司因拖欠租金而与实达公司发生纠纷。下列选项正确的是()

A.人房屋租赁合同有效，法律责任由合同的当事人独立承担

B.该分公司不具有民事主体资格，又无四海公司的授权，租赁合同无效

C.合同有效，依该合同产生的法律责任由四海公司承担

D.合同有效，依该合同产生的法律责任由四海公司及其分公司承担连带责任

答案：C

5.依民法原理和现行民事法律，下列选项正确的是()

A.清算法人不具有民事行为能力

B.清算法人具有与原法人相同的民事行为能力

C.清算法人仅具有清算范围内的民事行为能力

D.清算法人仅具有资产清理的民事行为能力

答案：C

6.甲公司分立为丙、丁两个公司，丙、丁公司约定甲公司原来欠乙公司的两百万元债务由丙公司承担，后丙公司经营发生困难，发生纠纷，该两百万债务应该如何承担()

A.丙公司承担

B.丁公司承担

C.丙、丁公司各自承担一半

D.丙、丁公司承担连带责任

答案：D

7.依据我国《继承法》的相关规定，口头遗嘱属于()

A.要式民事法律行为

B.不要式民事法律行为

C.要物民事法律行为

D.附条件民事法律行为

答案：A

8.合伙经营期间发生亏损，退伙人已分担合伙债务的，对其参加合伙期间的全部债务()

A.负连带责任

B.负部分责任

C.负补充责任

D.不负责任

答案：A

9.甲、乙双方连续几年订有买卖“交流电机”的合同。有一次签订合同时，在“标的物”一栏只写了“电机”两字。当时正值交流电机热销，而甲方供不应求，故甲方就以直流电机交货。就民法的基本原则而言，甲方违反了()

A.自愿原则

B.诚实信用原则

C.禁止权利滥用原则

D.公序良俗原则

答案：B

10.甲、乙、丙三人各自出资1万元成立一个饭馆，作为合伙人、他们中任何一人有权()

A.将饭馆抵押给丁

B.将自己的份额转让给丁

C.经乙、丙同意将自己的份额转让给丁

D.将饭馆出售给丁

答案：C

11.个体工商户甲将其现有的以及将有的生产设备、原材料、半成品、产品一并抵押给乙银行，但未办理抵押登记。抵押期间，甲未经乙同意以合理价格将一台生产设备出卖给丙。后甲不能向乙履行到期债务。对此，下列选项正确的是()

A.该抵押权因抵押物不特定而不能成立

B.该抵押权因未办理抵押登记而不能成立

C.该抵押权虽已成立但不能对抗善意第三人

D.乙有权对丙从甲处购买的生产设备行使抵押权

答案：C

12.甲、乙结婚后购得房屋一套，仅以甲的名义进行了登记。后甲、乙感情不和，甲擅自将房屋以时价出售给不知情的丙，并办理了房屋所有权变更登记手续。对此，下列选项正确的是()

A.买卖合同有效，房屋所有权未转移

B.买卖合同无效，房屋所有权已转移

C.买卖合同有效，房屋所有权已转移

D.买卖合同无效，房屋所有权未转移

答案：B

13.甲立下一份公证遗嘱，将大部分财产留给儿子乙，少部分的存款留给女儿丙。后乙因盗窃而被判刑，甲伤心至极，在病榻上当着众亲友的面将遗嘱烧毁，不久去世。乙出狱后要求按照遗嘱的内容继承遗产。对此，下列选项正确的是()

A.乙有权依据遗嘱的内容继承遗产

B.乙只能依据法定继承的规定继承遗产

C.乙无权继承任何遗产

D.可以分给乙适当的遗产

答案：A

14.赵某系全国知名演员，张某经多次整容后外形酷似赵某，此后多次参加营利性模仿秀表演，承接并拍摄了一些商业广告。下列选项正确的是()

A.张某故意整容成赵某外形的行为侵害了赵某的肖像权

B.张某整容后参加营利性模仿秀表演侵害了赵某的肖像权

C.张某整容后承接并拍摄商业广告的行为侵害了赵某的名誉权

D.张某的行为不构成对赵某人格权的侵害

答案：D

15.大华商场委托飞达广告公司制作了一块宣传企业形象的广告牌，并由飞达公司负责安装在商场外墙。某日风大，广告牌被吹落砸伤过路人郑某。经查，广告牌的安装存在质量问题。关于郑某的损害，下列选项正确的是()

A.大华商场承担赔偿责任，飞达公司承担补充赔偿责任

B.飞达公司承担赔偿责任，大华商场承担补充赔偿责任

C.大华商场承担赔偿责任，但其有权向飞达公司追偿

D.飞达公司承担赔偿责任，大华商场不承担责任

答案：C

16.王某以个人名义向张某独资设立的飞跃百货有限公司借款10万元，借期1年。不久，王某与李某登记结婚，将上述借款全部用于婚房的装修。婚后半年，王某与李某协议离婚，未对债务的偿还作出约定。下列选项正确的是()

A.由张某向王某请求偿还

B.由张某向王某和李某请求偿还

C.飞跃公司只能向王某请求偿还

D.由飞跃公司向王某和李某请求偿还

答案： D

17.吴某(女)16岁，父母去世后无其他近亲，吴某的舅舅孙某(50岁，离异，有一个19岁的儿子)提出愿将吴某收养。孙某咨询律师收养是否合法，下列选项正确的是()

A.吴某已满16岁，不能再被收养

B.孙某与吴某年龄相差未超过40岁，不能收养吴某

C.孙某已有子女，不能收养吴某

D.孙某可以收养吴某

答案： D

18.甲、乙、丙、丁四人合作创作一部小说，甲欲将该小说许可给某电影制片厂改编后拍成电影，乙则想把它许可给某网站在网络上传播，丙对这两种做法均表示反对，丁则不置可否。对此，下列选项正确的是()

A.如果丙坚持反对，甲、乙均不能将作品许可他人使用

B.甲、乙有权不顾丙的反对，将作品许可他人使用

C.如果丁同意，则甲、乙可以不顾丙的反对将作品许可他人使用

D.如果丁也表示反对，则甲、乙不能将作品许可他人使用

答案：B

19.李某于2008年8月4日创作完成小说《别来烦我》，2009年3月5日发表于某文学刊物后被张某改编成剧本，甲公司根据该剧本拍成同名电视剧，乙电视台将该电视剧进行播放。对此，下列选项错误的是()

A.李某从2009年3月5日起对小说享有著作权

B.张某对剧本享有著作权

C.甲公司将该剧本拍成电视剧应当取得李某和张某的许可并支付报酬

D.乙电视台播放该电视剧应当取得甲公司许可并支付报酬

答案：A

20.甲从书画市场上购得乙的摄影作品《鸟巢》，与其他摄影作品一起用于营利性展览。丙偷偷将《鸟巢》翻拍后以自己的名义刊登在某杂志上，丁经丙同意将刊登在该杂志上的《鸟巢》又制作成挂历销售。对此，下列选项正确的是()

A.甲无权将《鸟巢》进行营利性展览

B.丙的行为构成剽窃

C.丙的行为侵犯了乙的发表权

D.丁应停止销售，但因无过错免于承担赔偿责任

答案：B

21.关于意思表示与法律行为在效力方面的关系，下列表述错误的是()

A.有意思表示，法律行为方可有效

B.法律行为的效力完全取决于意思表示的合法性

C.效果意思决定法律行为效力的内容和范围

D.意思表示的瑕疵，能够决定法律行为无效或可撤销

答案：B

22.下列行为中，可以附条件的是()

A.法定抵销

B.结婚

C.票据背书

D.借款行为

答案：D

23.下列民事行为中，不属于意思表示不真实的民事行为的是()

A.恶意串通损害他人利益的行为

B.以合法形式掩盖非法目的行为

C.误将废品作为真品出卖的行为

D.与他人合伙开设赌场的行为

答案：D

24.下列各项中不能够引起法定代理关系终止的原因是()

A.被代理人恢复民事行为能力

B.指定代理的人民法院或者指定单位取消指定

C.代理人丧失民事行为能力

D.代理人辞去代理

答案：D

25.某县的甲公司未经漫画家乙许可，将其创作的一幅漫画作品作为新产品的商标使用，并于2003年3月3日被核准注册。乙认为其著作权受到侵害，与甲发生纠纷。乙应当采取下列哪种方式保护自己的合法权益()

A.向甲公司所在地基层法院提起侵犯著作权之诉

B.向有管辖权的法院提起撤销甲公司的注册商标之诉

C.请求商标评审委员会裁定撤销甲公司的注册商标

D.请求商标局裁定撤销甲公司的注册商标

答案：C

26.美国某公司于2004年12月1日在美国就某口服药品提出专利申请并被受理，2005年5月9日就同一药品向中国专利局提出专利申请，要求享有优先权并及时提交了相关证明文件。中国专利局于2008年4月1日授予其专利。关于该中国专利，下列选项正确的是()

A.保护期从2004年12月1日起计算

B.保护期从2005年5月9日起计算

C.保护期从2008年4月1日起计算

D.该专利的保护期是10年

答案：A

27.下列选项中，可以质押的是()

A.动产和智力成果

B.动产和权利

C.智力成果和权利

D.人身利益和权利

答案：B

28.下列事实能引起不当得利之债的是()

A.养子女给付生父母赡养费用

B.明知不欠他人欠款而为给付

C.提前偿还所欠他人债务

D.为履行合同而支付对方金钱，后该合同被确认为无效

答案： D

29.对主物和从物的关系，下列说法正确的是()

A.从物属于主物的构成部分

B.从物所有权只在当事人有特别约定时，才随主物所有权的转移而转移

C.从物必须依附于主物而存在

D.从物与主物的所有权人为同一人

答案：D

30.张某旅游时抱着当地一小女孩拍摄了一张照片，并将照片放在自己的博客中，后来发现该照片被用在某杂志的封面，并配以“母女情深”的文字说明。张某并未结婚，朋友看到杂志后纷纷询问张某，熟人对此也议论纷纷，张某深受困扰。下列说法错误的是()

A.杂志社侵害了张某的肖像权

B.杂志社侵害了张某的名誉权

C.杂志社侵害了张某的隐私权

D.张某有权向杂志社要求精神损害赔偿

答案：C

31.身体受到伤害要求赔偿的诉讼时效期间是()

A.6个月

B.1年

C.2年

D.3年

答案：B

32.甲擅自以乙的名义与第三人订立合同。甲的行为属于（A.乘人之危

B.胁迫

C.重大误解

D.无权代理

答案：D

33.7周岁的小明属于())

A.完全民事行为能力人

B.限制民事行为能力人

C.无民事行为能力人

D.无民事权利能力人

答案：C

34.甲与乙约定：“如果你结婚，我就送你1万元。”这一民事法律行为所附的是（A.生效条件

B.始期

C.解除条件

D.终期

答案：A

35.甲在乙的饭店吃完饭不付钱，乙将其扣留并同时报警。乙的行为属于()

A.不当得利

B.无因管理

C.自助行为

D.违约行为

答案：C

二、简答题：36～38小题，每小题10分，共30分。)

36.简述我国民法的适用范围。

答案：(1)民法对人的适用范围。《民法通则》关于自然人的规定，适用于在我国领域内的外国人和无国籍人，法律另有规定的除外。我国自然人、法人在国外发生的民事关系一般适用所在地的法律，但法律另有规定的除外。

(2)民法在空间上的适用范围。一般而言，民法适用于我国的领土、领空、领海，包括驻外使馆以及在我国领域外航行的我国船舶、航空器。但法律规定只适用于局部地区的地方性法规除外。

(3)民法在时间上的范围。一般而言，民事法律规范不具有溯及力，但司法解释中另有规定的除外。

37.简述人身权的概念与特征。

答案：人身权是指法律赋予民事主体所享有的，与其人身不可分离而无直接财产内容的民事权利，是人身关系经法律调整后的结果。

人身权的特征为：

(1)人身权与民事主体的人身密不可分，不能转让、赠与和继承。

(2)人身权是民事主体不可缺少的权利。但人身权中的部分身份权如配偶权、荣誉权必须具备一定的行为能力才能取得，也可以因法定或约定原因而丧失。

(3)人身权是非财产性权利，但侵害人身权影嗨他人的经济利益的，可导致损害赔偿。

38.按照《民法通则》的规定，未成年人的监护人如何确定?

答案：(1)父母为未成年人的当然法定监护人，祖父母、外祖父母、成年兄姐具有法定监护义务，其他亲属为自愿监护人。

(2)没有上述监护人的情况下由未成年人的父母所在单位或者未成年人住所地的村委会、居委会或者民政部门担任监护人。

(3)未成年人的监护人除父母之外可协商确定，在发生争议的情况下由基层单位进行指定，对指定不服的，向人民法院起诉，由人民法院进行指定。

三、论述题：39小题，20分。

39.论述我国民法中的宣告死亡。

答案：(1)宣告死亡是自然人下落不明达到法定期间，经利害关系人申请，由法院宣告其死亡，从而结束以其生前任所地为中心的民事法律关系的制度。

(2)宣告死亡的条件。根据《民法通则》第23条的规定，宣告死亡应具备以下条件：

①须自然人下落不明达法定期限：一般情况下，须失踪人下落不明满4年，此为普通期限;因意外事故下落不明，须失踪人下落不明满2年，此为特别期限;战争期间下落不明的，适用4年期限。

②须由利害关系人提出_申请。

利害关系人申请宣告死亡，应向失踪人住所地的基层人民法院提出，住所地与居住地不一致的，向失踪人最后居住地基层人民法院提出。在宣告死亡的申请中，利害关系人受下列顺序的限制：配偶;父母、子女;兄弟姐妹、祖父母、外祖父母、孙子女、外孙子女;其他有民事权利义务关系的人。前一顺序利害关系人未提出宣告死亡申请的，后一顺序利害关系人不得提出死亡宣告申请;同一顺序的利害关系人，有的申请宣告死亡，有的不同意宣告死亡，则应当宣告死亡。但申请撤销死亡宣告不受上述顺序的限制。

③须经人民法院宣告。

人民法院受理案件后，应当发出寻找失踪人的公告，公告期间为1年。因意外事故下落不明，经有关机关证明该自然人不可能生存的，公告期间为3个月。公告期间届满，仍无失踪人的音讯的，人民法院即作出宣告死亡的判决。宣告死亡的判决应当确定被宣告死亡人的死亡日期。

(3)宣告死亡的法律后果。就结束被宣告死亡人以住所地为中心的民事法律关系而言，宣告死亡引起的法律后果与自然死亡相同，即以被宣告死亡人原住所地为中心的一切民事法律关系全部归于消灭。具体而言，宣告死亡的法律后果包括：

①继承关系开始，法定继承人可依继承法分割被宣告死亡人的遗产。如有遗嘱，则遗嘱开始生效，遗嘱指定的继承人或受遗赠人可依遗嘱取得遗产。

②婚姻关系消灭，被宣告死亡人的配偶可另行缔结婚姻关系。

③债权债务关系清算了结，被宣告死亡人的债权人可向被宣告死亡人的继承人请求履行债务，被宣告死亡人的继承人可向其债务人请求履行债务。如无继承人，则债权债务归于消灭。

④保险金或保险赔款开始履行给付。如保险合同约定以死亡为给付保险金或保险赔款条件，则现在条件已成就，保险人应开始给付合同约定的保险金或保险赔款。

⑤身份关系消灭。除婚姻关系外，被童告死亡人的其他身份关系，如父母于女关系、兄弟姐妹关系等也归于消灭。

⑥自然人一旦被宣告死亡，其民事主体资格即视为消灭，非经依法撤销，死亡宣告的效力将得以维持。

⑦由于宣告死亡毕竟只是法律一是的一种推定，如果被宣告死亡人并未实际死亡，则其在当地的民事权利能力利民事行为能力并不因在原住所地被宣告死亡而受影响，其在当地所实施的法律行为并不因在原住所地被宣告死亡而无效。我国《民法通则》第24条第2款规定：“有民事行为能力人在被宣告死亡期间实施的民事法律行为有效。”

(4)死亡宣告的撤销。被宣告死亡人的失踪人如果重新回到其住所地，这种现象称为生还。被宣告死亡人生还后，经本人或者利害关系人申请，人民法院应当撤销对他的死亡宣告。死亡宣告一旦被撤销，将产生以下法律后果：

①财产关系上的后果。被撤销死亡宣告的人有权请求返还财产。依照继承法取得其财产的自然人或者组织，应当归还原物;原物不存在的，应给予适当补偿。若财产被第三人善意有偿取得，第三人可不予返还，但依继承法取得价金的人应当返还价金。若财产被第三人善意无偿取得，则第三人应返还原物，原物不在的应酌情补偿。

②人身关系上的后果。死亡宣告被人民法院撤销后，如果被宣告死亡人的配偶尚未再婚的，夫妻关系从撤销死亡宣告之日起自行恢复;如果其配偶已再婚，则原婚姻关系因再婚而消灭，新的婚姻关系受保护，被宣告死亡人不得主张新的婚姻关系无效：如其配偶再婚后又离婚或者再婚后配偶又死亡的，则不得认定夫妻关系自行恢复，若双方愿意重新结合，必须办理结婚登记。婚姻关系以外的其他人身关系自动恢复。

四、案例分析题：40～41小题，每小题15分，共30分。

40.王某与甲公司于2007年2月签订合同，约定王某以40万元向甲公司购买1辆客车，合同签订之日起1.个月内支付30万元，余款在2009年2月底前付清，并约定在王某付清全款之前该车所有权仍属甲公司。王某未经其妻同意，以自家住房(婚后购买，房产证登记所有人为王某)向乙银行抵押借款30万元，并办理了抵押登记。王某将30万元借款支付给甲公司后购回客车。王某请张某负责跟车经营，并商定张某按年终纯收入的5%提成，经营中发生的一切风险责任由王某承担。

2008年6月，该车营运途中和一货车相撞，车内乘客李某受重伤，经救治无效死亡。客车因严重受损被送往丁厂修理，需付费3万元。经有关部门认定，货车驾驶员唐某违章驾驶，应对该交通事故负全责。后王某以事故责任在货车方为由拒付修理费，丁厂则拒绝交车。2008年12月，因王某借款到期未还，乙银行申请法院对该客车采取财产保全措施，并请求对王某住房行使抵押权。

问：

(1)王某和张某之间是否成立合伙关系?为什么?

(2)乙银行能否对王某住房行使抵押权?为什么?

答案：(1)不成立合伙关系，因王某聘请张某属于雇佣关系，王某既未出资，也不承担风险，不符合合伙关系的特征。

(2)不能，因为该住房属于王某夫妻共同财产，未经共有权人其妻的同意进行抵押，该抵押无效。

41.张某出国前将家中祖传的一对花瓶交给胡某保管。几个月后，胡某突发心肌梗塞病故。胡某的女儿胡楠以为花瓶为其父所有，因办丧事需大笔现金，故将花瓶以合理价格卖给了朋友陈某。第二天，陈某依约交付了全款，并将花瓶取走。

一年后，张某回国，到胡某家欲取走花瓶，得知胡楠已将花瓶卖给了陈某。

问：

(1)张某是否有权向陈某要回花瓶?为什么?

(2)张某对胡楠是否可以请求损害赔偿?为什么?

答案：(1)张某无权向陈某要回花瓶。胡楠将花瓶卖给陈某，属无权处分行为。而陈某取得花瓶时是符合善意取得所有权条件的，故陈某已取得花瓶所有权。

(2)张菜对胡楠有权请求损害赔偿。胡楠的无权处分行为使张某丧失了对花瓶的所有权，损害了张某的权益。

试卷来源：厚学网

2.专升本英语模拟试题五篇二

听力部分 (第一节)

I.听句子, 选出句子中所包含的信息。 (共5小题, 每小题1分, 计5分)

() 1.A.diaryB.dailyC.dictionary

() 2.A.February 30th, 1998 B.February 13th, 1989 C.January 3rd, 1969

() 3.A.thinking of B.thinking over C.thinking up

() 4.A.You can borrow it when he comes back.

B.You can borrow it before he comes back.

C.You can’t borrow it after he comes back.

() 5.A.I don’t like traveling.B.I would rather stay at home than travel.

C.I prefer traveling to staying at home.

II.听句子, 选出该句的最佳答语。 (共5小题, 每小题1分, 计5分)

() 6.A.That’s all right.B.Good idea.C.With pleasure.

() 7.A.I don’t think so.B.I have some good news.

C.My father doesn’t allow me to go out.

() 8.A.Thank you.B.Really?I hope so.C.It’s nothing.

() 9.A.Yes, I will.B.Sorry, I can’t.C.Sorry, I won’t.

() 10.A.You’re right.B.Yes, please.C.Thank you all the same.

III.听对话和问题, 选择适当的选项。 (共5小题, 每小题1分, 计5分)

() 11.How was Lucy’s exam yesterday?

A.Not too bad.B.Not very good.C.Very good.

() 12.When is Father’s Day?

A.The third Sunday of July.B.The third Sunday of June.

C.The second Sunday of June.

() 13.Who often reads English newspapers?

A.Mary.B.Larry.C.Betty.

() 14.What will the girl do during the winter vacation? () 15.Where does the man want to go?

IV.听语段、对话和问题, 选择正确答案。 (共10小题, 每小题1分, 计10分)

() 16.What does Bill do?

A.He’s a worker.B.He’s a driver.C.He’s a teacher.

() 17.How many days does he work in a week?

A.He works six days in a week.B.He works fi ve days in a week.

C.He works four days in a week.

() 18.Where did the mother fi nd two pairs of gloves?

A.In her daughter’s pocket.

B.In her daughter’s backpack.

C.In her daughter’s desk.

() 19.Why does the girl carry two pairs of gloves?

A.Because her mother asked her to do so.

B.Because she has two pockets.

C.Because she wants to share them with her classmates.

() 20.Why do many fans like Wang Leehom according to the passage?

A.Because he dances well.

B.Because he is young and handsome.

C.Because of his social responsibility and hard work.

() 21.How long has he paid attention to the environment?

A.Since he was born.

B.Since his middle school years.

C.After he left middle school.

() 22.Where did Sue and her friends stay in the countryside?

A.In a hotel.B.On a farm.C.In the mountains.

() 23.What was the weather like in the countryside?

A.It was sunny.B.It was rainy.C.It was terrible.

() 24.What did they have in the farmers’houses?

A.Meals.B.A party.C.Tea.

() 25.How long did it take Sue to get back from the countryside?

A.Thirty minutes.B.Four hours.C.Four and a half hours.

笔试部分

V.单项选择 (共20小题, 每小题1分, 计20分)

选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

() 26.—How do you like______story you read last night?

—It’s______terrible story, I think.

A./, theB.the, /C.the, aD.the, the

() 27.—I want to go round the city and have a look, but I don’t know the______.

—A map is helpful, I think.

A.priceB.wayC.timeD.ticket

() 28.Don’t make any noise, or______of the two boys can fall asleep.

A.allB.noneC.bothD.neither

() 29.—How was the weather yesterday?

—It was terrible.It rained______.People could______go out.

A.hardly, hardlyB.hard, hardC.hard, hardlyD.hardly, hard

() 30.You’d better start early______you can be on time.

A.even thoughB.as ifC.what ifD.so that

() 31.I am a little weak in English.Could you tell me what I can do______it during the summer

holiday?

A.improveB.improvedC.improvingD.to improve

() 32.My friend Julie______to the city three times.She loves the city.

A.has beenB.had beenC.has goneD.had gone

() 33.—Could you tell me______?

—Go upstairs and turn left.

A.what is the teacher’s offi ce B.what the teacher’s offi ce is

C.where is the teacher’s offi ce D.where the teacher’s offi ce is

() 34.—Mum, ______I play computer games?

—Yes, but you have to fi nish your homework fi rst.

A.mustB.mayC.willD.need

() 35.There______a talk show on CCTV 4 this evening.

A.will have B.is going to be

C.is going to have D.is having

() 36.______the students in our primary school is about three thousand, and______of themare girls.

A.A number of, two third B.The number of, two third

C.A number of, two thirds D.The number of, two thirds

() 37.Many girls would like to______skirts in summer.

A.put onB.dressC.be dressedD.wear

() 38.Betty goes to the violin classes every afternoon______Saturday and Sunday.She has to

do the housework at home these days.

A.on B.during C.except D.from

() 39.You’ll miss the train______you hurry up.

A.unlessB.asC.ifD.until

() 40.The place______interested me most was the Children’s Palace.

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.in which

() 41.David was born on a cold snowy morning______.

A.since twenty years agoB.for twenty years

C.twenty years agoD.just over twenty years

() 42.He says______he will be back soon.

A.whenB.whatC.thatD.where

() 43.His books______well in those years.

A.are never soldB.never sold

C.sold neverD.never are sold

() 44.—Did you see Mr.Smith when you were in France?

—No.When I______France, he had gone to China.

A.had arrived to B.arrived to

C.had got to D.got to

() 45.Smoking is bad for your health.You’d better______.

A.give up it B.give it up

C.take out it D.take it out

VI.完形填空 (共10小题, 每小题1分, 计10分)

阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Tom and Fred were talking about the year 2050.

“What will 46______be like in the year 2050?”asked Tom.

“I don’t know, ”said Fred.“What do you think?”

“Well, no one knows.But it is 47______to guess, ”said Tom.“In the year 2050 everybody will 48______a pocket (袖珍的) computer.The computer will give people the 49______to al their questions.We shall all have telephones in our pockets, 50______.And we’ll be able to talk to our friends all over the world.Perhaps we’ll be able to 51______them at the same time.Machines will do 52______of the work, and people will have more 53______.Perhaps they will work only two or three days a week.They will be able to fl y to the moon by spaceship and spend their holidays there.”

“I’m very 54______to hear that.I hope to fl y to the moon.And I hope I’ll be able to live55______, ”said Fred.“Won’t that be interesting?Just like a fi sh.”

() 46.A.a home B.the traffi c C.a factory D.the world

() 47.A.pleased B.no use C.interesting D.unusual

() 48.A.carry B.bring C.give D.send

() 49.A.news B.ways C.things D.answers

() 50.A.either B.again C.too D.also

() 51.A.write to B.see C.call D.listen to

() 52.A.most B.many C.lot D.every

() 53.A.work B.duty C.holidays D.jobs

() 54.A.sorry B.glad C.sure D.afraid

() 55.A.in the sea B.on the land C.in the mountains D.under the ground

VII.阅读理解 (共15小题, 每小题2分, 计30分)

阅读A、B、C三篇材料, 然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Are you the only child in the family?So you are the most important in the family.But parents are the closest people to you in the world.Father and Mother love you just because you are you And they would do anything for you.But a lot of middle school students have a problem.They don’t get on well with their father or mother.

A junior middle school student in Shijiazhuang said that her father used to talk at (唠叨) her but never listened to her.This made her very unhappy.Another student in Jinan, Shandong, said his mother didn’t allow him to play computer games when other classmates were doing this.Now he doesn’t talk to his mother.

Do you and your parents also have problems?Well, why don’t you take a walk and have a talk with them on Saturday?It is the International Day of Families.On May 15th, people around the world give thanks for good things about their families and work on family problems.A study las year showed that 1, 500 Beijing families had the same problem talked about.The children, 12 to 15years old, didn’t like talking much with their parents.They weren’t happy at home.

Of course, lots of kids feel unhappy, but you and your parents will be much happier if you can be friends.Here are some ways to have a good talk with them.

1.Find a good time to talk, like when you’re eating dinner, going out for a walk or watching TV.

2.Tell them something you are interested in, or ask them about their lives when they were young.They love to talk about that!

3.Listen to them carefully, and look them in the eye.

4.Be honest.Your parents will believe you more.

If you do like these, you will have a happy family life.

() 56.The passage says your parents love you just because______.

A.you are the only child B.you are clever

C.you are you D.you are unhappy

() 57.Lots of middle students have the same problem with their parents.What is it?

A.They don’t want to go out for a walk with their parents.

B.Their parents like to talk at them instead of listening to them.

C.Their parents do not love them.

D.Their patents have no time to talk with them.

() 58.The writer asks children to______.

A.fi nd a good time to talk to their parents

B.play computer games with their parents

C.see a fi lm with their parents

D.have dinner together with their parents

() 59.Which day is the International Day of Families?

A.Sunday.B.May 15th.

C.Monday.D.March 5th.

() 60.If you can______, your parents will believe you much more.

A.be happy B.fi nd a good job

C.play games with them D.be honest

() 61.How many kinds of animals are talked about in the passage?

A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.D.Seven.

() 62.Now Mr.Smith is in the zoo with his two sons, one aged 14 and the other 10.How much

are the tickets in all?

A.$1.B.$2.C.$3.D.$4.

() 63.Which of the following is the right visiting time?

A.8:30 a.m.on Monday.B.9:00 a.m.on Friday.C.3:00 p.m.on Sunday.D.5:00 p.m.on Tuesday.

() 64.From the passage we can guess the giraffe must be very______.

A.fatB.smallC.strongD.tall

() 65.Which of the following can we do in the zoo?

A.Give food to the dogs.

B.Touch the monkeys on the head.

C.Throw things everywhere.

D.Take a few nice photos.

Qiao is a sixth-grader at Yuhui Primary School.He is only 12 years old but has been smoking for three years.Liu, 15, is a Junior 2 student at Chicheng No.2 Middle School.He began smoking four years ago.“Smoking is part of my life, ”Liu said.Qiao and Liu are not those boys’real names But their problem, smoking, is a very real problem.In many countries smoking is becoming a bigger problem for young people.Most smokers start in their teens (years of a person’s age from13 to 19) or earlier.

A study of 8, 000 Beijing students last May told us that smoking is a problem for many Chinese kids.More than 21%of middle school students and 6%of primary school pupils said they smoked.

“If young people start smoking early, they will probably get addicted to nicotine (尼古丁) And it will be very hard to give up later on, ”said a professor.

Every year, about four million people die because of smoking.And if people keep smoking that number will go up to about 10 million a year by 2030, the World Health Organization says.So we have to learn and tell others about the dangers of smoking.

() 66.The sentence“Smoking is part of my life.”probably means“______”

A.I don’t smoke very often.

B.Smoking is very important to me.

C.I don’t smoke at all.

D.I’m going to give up smoking.

() 67.What will probably happen if a person starts smoking early?

A.He will surely die early.

B.He cannot stop smoking.

C.It will be diffi cult for him to give up smoking.

D.He will become lazy soon.

() 68.The study in the passage shows that______.

A.smoking is a serious problem among Chinese students

B.there are more and more smokers in China

C.some student smokers have already been seriously addicted

D.most of the smokers in China are middle school students

() 69.The main idea of this passage is that______.

A.smoking is becoming a bigger problem for young people

B.many people die because of smoking every year

C.WHO asks young people to give up smoking

D.nicotine makes people all over the world addicted

() 70.As middle school students, what should we do from now on?

A.We should start smoking after middle school.

B.We should ask others to smoke outside.

C.We should laugh at smokers.

D.We should say no to smoking.

卷II (非选择题共35分)

听力部分 (第二节)

VIII.听短文, 填空。 (共5小题, 每小题1分, 计5分)

IX.任务型阅读 (共5小题, 每小题2分, 计10分)

阅读短文, 并按要求完成下列试题。

One day, a rich family went on a trip to the countryside.The father wanted to show his son how poor some people lived, so they spent a day and a night on the farm of a very poor family When they got back from their trip, the father asked his son, “My dear son, how was the trip?”

“Very good, Dad!”

“Did you see what a life some people live?”the father asked.

“Yeah!”

“And what did you learn?”

The son answered, “I saw that we have a dog at home, and they have four.We have a pool tha reaches to the middle of the garden and they have a river that has no end.We have lamps in the garden and they have the stars.Our patio (院子) reaches to the front yard, yet they have a whole horizon (地段) .”

When the little boy fi nished, his father was speechless.

Whether it is true depends on the way you look at things.If you have love, friends, family health, good humor and a positive attitude towards life, you’ve got everything!

根据短文内容, 填入所缺的单词。

76.One day a rich family went to____________________.

77.They stayed there for____________________.

78.The father wanted to show his son the____________________life of the people.

79.The son thought that the family in the countryside was____________________than his own.

80.We should look at things with a____________________attitude according to the passage.

X.词语运用 (共5小题, 每小题1分, 计5分)

根据下面句子的意思及所给的汉语提示, 写出空缺处单词、固定短语或固定搭配的正确形式。

81.Whether we can go out or not___________________________ (取决于) the weather.

82.I’m__________________________ (瘦的) than her.

83.Do you have any___________________________ (零花钱) ?

84.We must respect different___________________________ (文化) .

85.What’s his___________________________ (姓) ?

XI.基础写作 (包括A、B两部分, A部分5分, B部分10分, 共计15分)

A) 连词成句 (共5小题, 每小题1分, 计5分)

将所给单词连成完整、正确的句子。 (单词不得重复使用, 标点已给出)

86.an, happened, on, day, thing, unexpected, that______________________________________________________________________________.

87.he, did, make, to, be, a, businessman, a, decision______________________________________________________________________________?

88.the, I, women, what, said, hear, was, to, not, able______________________________________________________________________________.

89.vacation, where, will, spend, you, your______________________________________________________________________________?

90.there, room, you, in, the, for, boat, is, no______________________________________________________________________________.

请根据下面的提示, 以How We Spent the Teachers’Day为题, 记述一次教师节的活动。

提示:

1.给老师们送花;

2.祝福老师们节日快乐;

3.跟老师们一起开联欢会。

词数:80～100。

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2009年中考英语模拟试题 (五)

Section I

I.1.Keeping a diary can be a good way to improve your writing.2.My brother was born on February 13th, 1989.

3.Jennifer is thinking of fl ying to New York next week.4.You can borrow it as soon as he comes back.

5.I like traveling better than staying at home.

II.6.What about going to Sanya for our winter holiday?7.You look unhappy.What’s wrong?

8.You gave a wonderful speech!9.Don’t make any noise in the cinema.10.Would you like something to eat?

III.11.M:Hello, Lucy!How was your exam yesterday?

W:Not very good.It wasn’t as easy as the last one and it was longer than before.

M:Well, work harder and you will certainly do better next time.Q:How was Lucy’s exam yesterday?

12.M:Tomorrow is Sunday.It will be Father’s Day.

W:Oh, I nearly forgot.The third Sunday of June is for fathers in most countries.Q:When is Father’s Day?

13.M:Betty, do you often read English newspapers?W:No, I don’t.But Larry often does

Q:Who often reads English newspapers?

14.M:The winter vacation is coming.Are you going skating with me?

W:Sorry, I can’t.I’m going to stay at home and study for the coming semester.We’re in Grade 9 now.I hope to go to a goodhigh school.

Q:What will the girl do during the winter vacation?

15.M:Excuse me.Can you tell me the way to the bookstore?

W:Yes.Go along this street and turn right at the second turning.You will see a drugstore on your right.Next to the drugstore

is a fruit shop.And the bookstore is just across from the fruit shop.

M:Thanks a lot.Q:Where does the man want to go?

IV.Passage I

Bill lives and works in New York.He works in a factory.It makes machines.His house is far away from his factory.He usually goes to work by train.Today, the train is late.So he drives to work.He works from Monday to Friday.On Saturdays and Sundays he doesn’t go to work.Sometimes he goes to see his friends.Sometimes he stays at home and watches TV.

Questions:16.What does Bill do?17.How many days does he work in a week?

Passage II

One winter morning, when I was cleaning out the pockets of my six-year-old daughter’s coat, I found two pairs of gloves.Then I asked why she was carrying two pairs of gloves in her pocket.She replied, “I’ve been doing this for a long time, Mum.You see, some kids come to school without gloves and if I carry another pair, I can share with them.Then their hands won’t get cold.”

Questions:18.Where did the mother fi nd two pairs of gloves?19.Why does the girl carry two pairs of gloves?

Passage III

Chinese American pop singer Wang Leehom is really a role model for youth.Many fans like him for his social responsibility and hard work.He tells his fans to protect the environment on his album Change Me.He said that he had paid attention to the environment since his middle school years.He rides his bicycle as often as possible and never wastes water when he takes a shower.He also tries to get more people to join him.He is supported by lots of fans from different cities across China.

Questions:20.Why do many fans like Wang Leehom according to the passage?

21.How long has he paid attention to the environment?

Dialogue

M:Good morning, Sue.W:Good morning, Jack.M:Did you enjoy your holiday in the countryside?

W:Yes.And some friends went with us.M:Where did you stay?In a hotel?

W:No.We camped in the mountains, near Snowdow.We cooked all our meals over an open fi re.

M:Sounds wonderful.How was the weather?W:The sun shone nearly every day and it didn’t rain at all.

M:Did you like the people there?W:Yes, they were great.We met some farmers and had tea in their houses.

M:When did you get back?Last night?

W:No.This morning.We got up at 4:30, left at 5:00 and arrived here at 9:00.I’m so tired.What about you?Did you have a good weekend?

M:Yes, but I didn’t do much.I just stayed at home.The weather was terrible.

Questions:22.Where did Sue and her friends stay in the countryside?

23.What was the weather like in the countryside?24.What did they have in the farmers’houses?

25.How long did it take Sue to get back from the countryside?

Section II

VIII.To save time, many Americans often buy fast food.But during holidays, families enjoy nice meals at home.For example, on Thanksgiving Day, families will get together for a dinner.Usually they will enjoy a big turkey and some pumpkin pies.

The United States is famous for its fast food, such as hamburgers, sandwiches, pizzas and ice creams.People can easily fi nd fast food restaurants, like McDonald’s and Kentucky Fried Chicken, in most of the big cities in the world.

Besides, there are many foreign restaurants in the USA.Chinese, Italian and French cookings are the most popular.People like to go to these restaurants.There are many other restaurants, too.

2009年中考英语模拟试题 (六)

Section I

I.1.What’s the weather like tomorrow?2.In the 1960s computers were large and expensive.12.M:Hi, Mei.Did Gary run fastest at the sports meeting?W:No, he got the second place.Dan won at last.

Q:Who ran fastest at the sports meeting?

13.M:Will you be free this afternoon?W:Sorry, I’m afraid not.What’s the matter?

M:I’ve got two tickets for Hai Mingwei’s concert.Q:What does the man want the woman to do?

14.M:What do you hope to be when you grow up, Cathy?

W:I hope to be a teacher but my parents would like me to be a doctor.M:What about your sister Kate?

W:She likes singing and hopes to be a singer.Q:What do Cathy’s parents want her to be when she grows up?

15.M:What do you do on weekends, Lucy?

W:I often do some reading at home, and sometimes I help do the washing.What about you, Leo?

M:I usually play basketball.You know, I’m playing for the school team.Q:What does Leo do on weekends?

IV.Passage I

John works in a factory in a new town.But he lives far from his factory.Every day he gets up very early.He eats breakfast at home.Then he goes to a bus station by bike.There he takes a bus to get to the River Stop from the bus station.There is no bridge over the river.He takes a boat to get across the river.He gets off the boat and then walks to his factory.He does the same thing every weekday.

Questions:16.Where does John eat breakfast?17.How does he get to his factory at last?

Passage II

Ann’s mother was about seventy, so Ann wanted to give the old lady a nice present for her birthday.She liked drinking tea, so Ann bought a small electric machine that could make tea.She brought it to her mother on her birthday and showed her how to use it.“Before you go to bed, put tea and water in it, ”she said, “and don’t forget to turn on the machine.When you wake up in the morning, your tea will be ready.”The old lady was very happy.

Questions:18.How old was Ann’s mother?19.Why did Ann buy her mother the electric machine for her birthday?

Passage III

Jet Li is a famous Chinese martial arts star.He was born on April 26, 1963.He began to learn martial arts at the age of 8.At the age of 11, he won his fi rst national championship.For the next fi ve years, he remained the All-Around National Wushu Champion of China.When he was 17, he retired from the sport and began his fi lm career.He acted in the fi lm Shaolin Temple which made him a well-known martial arts star.Later, he acted in many other excellent fi lms such as Hero and The Warlords.

Questions:20.When did Jet Li begin to learn martial arts?21.How many movies are mentioned in the passage?

Dialogue

M:Anna, you won an Oscar last year for the fi lm Fear.How did you feel about that?

W:It was very exciting, but I don’t think the Oscar is only for me.It should go to everyone who worked on the fi lm.

M:Scary fi lms don’t usually win Oscars.Were you surprised?W:No, not really.I think it’s a very good fi lm.

M:I agree.And how did you become an actress?

W:Well, I loved acting at school, but I had trouble reading, so I couldn’t read very well.Everyone thought I was silly.

M:That was terrible.How did you solve it?

W:My parents helped me a lot.Then I went to a theater school, but I waited a long time before I got a good part.

M:How did you get the part in Fear?

W:The director saw me in Shakespeare’s Macbeth and he liked my scary character!

M:Have you got any advice for young actors?

W:Well, they should learn from other actors, but they must believe in their own talents.M:Anna, thank you.

Questions:22.When did Anna win the Oscar for the fi lm Fear?23.Was Anna surprised when she won an Oscar?

24.Who helped Anna to solve her problem?25.What’s Anna’s advice for young actors?

Section II

VIII.Before 1750, the idea of skating hadn’t appeared.That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin.

Merlin was a man full of ideas and dreams.One day Merlin got an invitation to a party.He was excited.As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think how to make a special entrance at the party.He thought he could skate into the room.Merlin tried different ways.Finally, he decided to put two wheels under each shoe.These were the fi rst roller skates.

On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin.Everyone was surprised to see him.But Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates.He rolled on and on.Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror.Then the mirror broke into pieces.No one ever forgot Merlin’s special entrance!

2009年中考英语模拟试题 (五)

卷I

I.1～5 ABAAC II.6～10 BCACB III.11～15 BBBCA IV.16～20 ABACC 21～25 BCACB

V.26～30 CBDCD 31～35 DADBB 36～40 DDCAA 41～45 CCBDB VI.46～50 DCADC 51～55 BACBA

VII.56～60 CBABD 61～65 CCCDD 66～70 BCAAD

卷II

VIII.71.save 72.get together 73.famous 74.fast food restaurants 75.French

IX.76.the countryside 77.a day and a night 78.poor 79.richer 80.positive

X.81.September 82.to protect 83.liveliest 84.taking photos 85.was woken up

X.A) 81.depends on 82.thinner 83.pocket money 84.cultures 85 family name/surname

XI.86.An unexpected thing happened on that day.87.Did he make a decision to be a businessman?

88.I was not able to hear what the women said.89.Where will you spend your vacation?

90.There is no room for you in the boat.

B) One possible version:

How We Spent the Teachers’Day

3.专升本英语模拟试题五篇三

【关键词】专升本认知学习策略

在众多大学生中有这么一群学生，由于高考或填报志愿的失利，考入专科学习，经过2年或3年的在校学习，完成专科学业的学习。他们在毕业之际，各个省市的不同本科院校的不同的专业为这样的想继续学习进一步深造的学生，通过统一招生考试，进入本科2年的学习，最终完成在校的学业，这样的学生，我们都称之为专升本的学生。即大学专科（高职高专）学生进入本科学习的选拔考试的简称，也是中国教育体制大专层次学生升入本科院校的一种考试制度和学习形式。

根据我校的数据调查，专升本的学生在本科院校人数的比例仅为15%左右，他们要在一年内完成本科的英语学习，学习压力之大，学习任务之重，可想而知。随之而来的对教师提出了教学任务、教学时间，教学效果等诸多因素的挑战。

专升本学生特点是学生相当于在校本科生的大三水平，他们经过三年的专科学习及实践，在专业知识上与本科学生有过之而无不及，专科进入本科学习的学生，大多数都是专科学校比较出类拔萃的，考入本科院校，他们真心珍惜这本科的教育时光，他们学习刻苦，学习动力强，学习目标明确，学习态度端正，这些都为教学打下了良好的坚实的基础。然而，就其英语学科而言，他们的外语水平基础比较薄弱，与本科学生大相径庭。究其缘由，在专科阶段，英语学习要求按照教育部的规定达到英语能力三级即可，与本科国家教学要求相差比较大。高职高专好一点的院校英语学习能开四个学期（三年制的专科），而相当多数院校尽开设一年或一年半英语，学生在完成英语学科结业后，将有一至两年没有英语课学习，英语知识严重缩水。

“专升本”的学生有这样的感受：填高考志愿时比较糊涂，并不清楚所填专业的详细信息，也不太了解自己到底适合什么喜欢什么，但专升本时就会清醒很多，可以进行新的选择。这样看似本科学的是一样的专业，详细调查后，有理科生学文的，有文科生学经济的，五花八门，无论怎样，他们都是从自己的喜好出发，选择了“专升本”一条实现梦想的道路，即使是这条路并不是那么好走。“专升本”的学生底子稍差，略有部分学生的自控能力也较差，如何快速有效的提高完善他们适应本科学习的行为能力？如何让恐慌中的学生找到学习方向？就其这两点，我们采取了以认知语言学习策略为主的策略实施，取得了较好的效果。

一、何为语言学习策略

学习策略（learning strategies），就是学习者为了提高学习的效果和效率，有目的、有意识地制定的有关学习过程的复杂方案。外语学习研究者根据语言学习等各个方面的的探讨，语言学习策略定义为：学习者在学习一门语言时，根据自身实际情况，为了有目的地对整个学习过程进行设计、计划、组织、监控和反馈以达到最佳学习效果所采用的活动方式和手段。

二、学习策略的主动原则与内化性原则

主体性原则既是学习策略训练的目的，又是必要的方法和途径，任何学习策略的使用都倚赖于学生主动性和能动性的充分发挥（董奇，1996）。专升本学生大多数对英语学习抱着过英语四级的积极态度，但由于底子薄，运用英语的基本技能弱，多数时候学生处于一种被动状态，学习、过程、方法都由他人包办代替，学习的效果也由他人评价。所以不间断的给予学生阐明策略教学的目的和原理，使他们领会，同时，学生充分的运用学习策略的机会，并指导其分析和反思策略使用的过程与效果，以帮助其进行有效的监控。例如，在词汇教学上，死记硬背是最没有办法的办法，大多数中国学生谈此色变，没有词汇的积累，何谈听力、阅读、写作。这样，讲授词汇时，介绍词汇的来源因，词根的意义及词汇带有故事和来历。学生听起来生动有趣。英语词汇的内涵和外延，首先激起学习兴趣，逐渐的学生由谈词色变到主动知其然还要之所以然的学习主动探索的精神。其次，鼓励尊重学生，努力营造一种自由，无拘无束的氛围。在学习和教学过程，也包含了大量情感的过程。

内化性原则是指训练学生不断实践学习策略，逐步将其内化成自己的学习能力，并能在新的情境中加以灵活应用（董奇，1996）。内化过程是需要学生将所学的新策略与头脑中已有的有关策略的知识整合在一起，形成新的认识和能力。上面的词汇教学的事例也充分展示了内化原则的效果。出来知其所以然，还会不断扩展词汇在不同语境中如习语，俚语的表达的含义，这样学生真正的掌握并运授之以渔的策略，达到教学效果的延伸。

总之，好的学习策略和认知能让学生更主动地参与学习活动，学习策略决定学习的方法，而认知风格决定着学习的态度。很多智力习惯、技能习惯、策略习惯就会潜移默化到学生的思想中去，主动学习的习惯就会逐渐形成。

参考文献：

[1]陈琦，刘儒德.当代教育心理学[M].北师大出版社.2004.

4.专升本大学英语试题篇四

专升本大学英语试题

Ⅰ. Phonetics (10 points)

Directions:

In each of following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

1.A. enough B. about C. touch D. young

2.A. thirsty B. throat C. youth D. those

3.A. shut B. cut C. funny D. use

4.A. thanks B. pills C. news D. films

5.A. dear B. heart C. ear D. tear

6.A. births B. depths C. months D. mouths

7.A. election B. pronunciation C. question D. operation

8.A. hot B. home C. top D. off

9.A. may B. day C. stay D. Sunday

10.A. weigh B. eight C. seize D. daily

Ⅱ. Vocabulary and Structure (40 points)

Directions:

There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

11. _______ we won the war.

A. In the end B. On the end C. By the end D. At the end

12. As a poor fresh student, he had to do a part-time job _______ money.

A. owing to B. because of C. on account of D. for the sake of

13. Too much drinking would ______ his health.

A. do harm for B. do harmful to C. do harm to D. do harmful for

14. The days _______ you could travel without a passport are a thing of the past.

A. in which B. on which C. of which D. at which

15. He insists that he ______ innocent.

A. is B. be C. should be D. were

16. The teacher said, “Stop ______”. So we stopped _______.

A. to talk…to read B. talking…to read C. talking…reading D. talking…read

17. Could I have some milk, some orange juice, and some eggs ______?

A. instead of B. in addition C. as well D. so much

18. ______ after his death that he was recognized as a great composer.

A. It was not until B. It is until C. It was until D. Not until

19. Our classroom is ______ in the school building.

A. bigger than any other one B. bigger than all

C. the biggest of all the others D. the biggest of any one

20. It was Thomas Alva Edison who ______ the electric lamp.

A. discovered B. invented C. innovated D. found

21. I’d like you ______ to see him.

A. go B. going C. to go D. have gone

22. Your coat ______ his.

A. like B. likes C. is like D. will look like

23. Either you or I _____ meet him at the airport.

A. are to B. is to C. am to D. were to

24. Each has an apple, ______?

A. has he B. doesn’t he C. does he D. don’t they

25. Sports, ______ perhaps you don’t like very much, may make you strong.

A. that B. which C. it D. and

26. We should look ______ the matter before we reach a conclusion.

A. into B. for C. to D. at

27. Hospital doctors don’t go out very often as their work _______ all their time.

A. takes away B. takes in C. takes over D. takes up

28. He is ______ to speak the truth.

A. too much of a coward B. too much a coward

C. so much a coward D. so much of a coward

29. It’s strange that you ______ like that at the meeting.

A. should speak B. spoke C. should have spoken D. speak

30. He ______ when the bus came to a sudden stop.

A. was almost hurt B. was to hurt himself

C. was hurt himself D. was hurting himself

31. Mary likes _______ very much, but she didn’t go _______ last Sunday.

A. to swim…swimming B. swimming…to swim

C. to swim…to swim D. swimming…swimming

32. More ______, less speed.

A. hurry B. rush C. quickness D. haste

33. ______ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesn’t seem high at all.

A. When compared B. Compare C. While comparing D. Comparing

34. The fact ______ money orders can usually be easily cashed has made them a popular form of payment.

A. of B. is that C. that D. which is

35. He is working very hard to ______ the lost time in the past 10 years.

A. make for B. make up for C. make up D. make out

36. If a child is absent ______ school for long periods, he should be given extra work.

A. at B. in C. from D. out of

37. Neither of your proposals ________.

A. make sense B. are practical C. makes sense D. make senses

38. It is obvious that there are at least two vitamins. ______ is soluble in fat; _____ is soluble in water.

A. The one…the other B. One…the other

C. One…another D. One…the another

39. It’s a good _______ to eat with the mouth closed.

A. custom B. habit C. way D. style

40. You ought not to _______ him the news that day.

A. tell B. be telling C. have told D. be told

41. He attempted _______ to set up a company of his own.

A. with vain B. on vain C. in vain D. of vain

42. -“I slipped on the stairs. I think my arm is broken”.

-“Oh! I _______.”

A. don’t hope B. hope not so C. do not hope D. hope not

43. The last man ______ the sinking ship was the captain.

A. left B. leaves C. to be leaving D. to leave

44. One of his many faults is that that he never ______ any thing very long.

A. decides on B. sticks to C. goes over D. makes up

45. You are worthy _______ the honour.

A. to B. at C. for D. of

46. Billing pitched so well ______ everyone cheered him at the end of the game.

A. as B. since C. that D. whereas

47. The _______ of blood always makes him feel sick.

A. sight B. view C. look D. form

48. A child learns to read by seeing the words _______.

A. properly B. repeatedly C. repeatly D. obviously

49. Our friendship is ______ and we will never again be separated.

A. restored B. reserved C. restrained D. repeated

50. He couldn’t explain the _______ of ten years in his job history.

A. gap B. interrupting C. opening D. margin

Ⅲ. Cloze (20 points)

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Investors can _51_ money simply by loaning it. The money they loan is called capital. Security (担保) is an expensive item which the borrower mortgages (抵押) to the investor to show that he intends to _52_ the debt. The way investors make money on loans is to charge interest. Interest is money that _53_ pay to investors for the use of their money. Interest is usually a certain percentage of the capital. Investors sometimes _54 ten percent or more interest per year. The interest may be calculated daily, monthly, or yearly. The interest must be _55_ before the capital can be repaid. If the interest is not _56_ the agreed rate, the interest is added _57_ the capital. Then the borrower has _58_ pay interest on the unpaid interest _59_ on the capital. A debt can grow quickly this way. If the total of the capital and accumulated interest gets too high, the investor will take _60_ of the item used as security and sell it to get his money back.

51.A. get B. make C. have D. carry

52.A. repay B. leave C. get D. give

53.A. borrowers B. lenders C. peoples D. others

54.A. cost B. ask C. charge D. change

55.A. by day B. by the day C. every day D. daily

56.A. paid B. to be paid C. pay D. paying

57.A. on B. to C. for D. with

58.A. to B. on C. into D onto

59.A. or B. also C. but also D. as well as

5.成人高考专升本英语试题篇五

Ⅰ. Phonetics(10 Points)

Directions:

In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

1.A. head B. horizon C. honour D. human

2.A. city B. bicycle C. face D. climb

3.A. think B. these C. breathe D. with

4.A. ground B. country C. thousand D. found

5.A. pour B. hour C. course D. four

6.A. both B. post C. cold D. son

7.A. altogether B. talk C. always D. also

8.A. suggestion B. nation C. dictation D. satisfaction

9.A. started B. closed C. waited D. needed

10.A. rare B. fare C. scare D. are

Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure(40 points)

Directions:

11. _______ idea of _______ sounds much better than Clare’s.

A. The, hers B. That, her C. That, hers D. One, her

12. China is famous ________ the Great Wall.

A. about B. for C. as D. of

13. Our school ________ new facilities.

A. is equipped with B. equips with C. will be equip with D. has equip with

14. I made this myself but it was _______ who taught me.

A. he B. him C. himself D. by him

15. He had his bicycle _______ yesterday.

A. repair B. repairing C. repaired D. be repaired

16. It was a ________ room, with beautiful wall paper, waxed floor and nice furniture.

A. pleased B. pleasant C. pleasing D. preasant

17. He regretted _______the decision too hastily.

A. make B. to make C. making D. have maked

18. The professor insisted that we _______ our homework before next month.

A. handed in B. will hand in C. hand in D. must hand in

19. It ______ me of the country which we visited last summer.

A. remembers B. recalls C. reminds D. tells

20. He _______ smoking at last.

A. gave up B. gave out C. gave in D. gave off

21. John was _______ he lay down for an hour before dinner.

A. so tired as B. so tired that C. too tired that D. too tired so

22. Your answer is different ________ the teacher’s.

A. to B. at C. from D. with

23. It would be _______ a risk to leave the baby alone.

A. running B. passing C. carrying D. obeying

24. The fact _______ his health is bad is not true.

A. which B. that C. as D. what

25. These ______ did unusually well in the contest, so the judges didn’t know whom to give prize to.

A. woman singers B. women singers C. women singer D. womans singers

26. Man must stop _______ the earth’s atmosphere.

A. filling B. wasting C. polluting D. blackening

27. We can’t _______ another 100 kilometers any more.

A. have B. turn C. make D. reach

28. Is Mary ______ to join in us?

A. supposed B. exposed C. supported D. indicated

29. I want to be told all _______.

A. which happen B. which happened C. that had happened D. that had been happened

30. We’ve all heard of Thomas Edison, _______ who invented the electric light and many other things.

A. man B. a man C. the man D. men

31. Don’t tell me such things _______ you are not certain.

A. that B. which C. those D. as

32. _______ a microscope we can see different kinds of things that are unable to be seen by our naked eyes.

A. In terms of B. In place of C. By means of D. By far

33. Jackson went to work ______ his illness.

A. besides B. even though C. in spite of D. although

34. Anybody will do, _______ he is responsible for that.

A. as far as B. so far as C. as long as D. as soon as

35. I suppose they have known about it, _______?

A. am I B. am not I C. have they D. haven’t they

36. It ______ him ten years to write that novel.

A. took B. spent C. cost D. costed

37. The students are looking forward to _______ their holidays in Japan.

A. spend B. spending C. for spend D. spent

38. They all ______ mentioning that girl.

A. avoided B. got away C. ran awaywww.wenku1.comD. escaped

39. Human beings should find a new _______ of energy.

A. orient B. source C. origin D. souse

40. The couch is comfortable to _______.

A. sit B. be sat C. sitted D. sit on

41. So loudly _______ that all the people in the room got a fright.

A. he shouted B. shout he C. did he shout D. he did shout

42. He is the only one of the sons in the family who ______ received high education.

A. are B. is C. have D. has

43. We think of Mr. Li ______ our good friend.

A. is B. to be C. as D. has been

44. The mountain is 1,000 feet _______ the sea level.

A. over B. higher C. above D. high

45. The road will be blocked if there _______ another snow.

A. is B. will be C. to be D. will have

46. David like country life and has decided to _______ farming.

A. get hold of B. get along with C. go in for D. go thorough

47. These children have an advantage _______ those in calculation.

A. over B. than C. to D. with

48. Shanghai has a larger population than _______ in China.

A. any city B. any other cities C. other city D. any other city

49. In some countries there are a lot of young people now need _______teeth.

A. false B. untrue C. wrong D. erroneous

50. This book costs ______ that one.

A. twice more B. twice more as C. two times more as D. twice as much as Ⅲ. Cloze (20 points)

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B,

C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Smoking, which may be a pleasure for some people, is a serious source of discomfort for their fellows. _51_, medical authorities express their concern about the effect of smoking _52_ the health not only of those who smoke but also of those who do not. In fact, non-smokers who

must involuntarily inhale (吸入) the air _53_ by tobacco smoke may suffer more than the smokers _54_.

Smoking is prohibited in the theatres and in halls used for showing films _55_ in laboratories _56_ there may be a fire hazard (危险). Elsewhere, it is up to your good _57_.

I am _58_ asking you to maintain “No-Smoking” in classrooms and seminar rooms.

This will prove that you have the _59_ health in mind, which is very important to a large _60_ of our students.

51.A. Still B. Further C. More D. Again

52.A. in B. to C. on D. with

53.A. polluting B. be polluted C. polluted D. to be polluted

54.A. them B. themselves C. their own D. they

55.A. and B. but C. as well as D. also

56.A. where B. which C. that D. how

57.A. feeling B. sense C. realize D. think

58.A. so B. next C. therefore D. and

59.A. non-smokers B. non-smokers’ C. non-smoker’s D. non-smoker

60.A. number B. amount C. many D. much

Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension (60 points)

Directions:

There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage One

All the housewives who went to the new supermarket had one great ambition: to be the lucky customer who did not have to pay for her shopping. For this was what the notice just inside the entrance promised. It said: “Remember, once a week, one of our customers gets free goods. This May Be Your Lucky Day!”

For several weeks Mrs. Edwards hoped, like many of her friends, to be the lucky customer. Unlike her friends, she never gave up hoping. The cupboards in kitchen were full of things which she did not need. Her husband tried to advise her against buying things but failed. She dreamed of the day when the manager of the supermarket would approach her and say: “Madam, this is Your Lucky Day. Everything in your basket is free.”

One Friday morning, after she had finished her shopping and had taken it to her car, she found that she had forgotten to buy any tea. She dashed back to the supermarket, got the tea and went towards the cash-desk. As she did so, she saw the manager of the supermarket approach her. “Madam,” he said, holding out his hand, “I want to

congratulate you! You are our lucky customer and everything you have in your basket is free!”

61. The housewives learnt about the of free goods _______.

A. on TV B. from the manager

C. at the supermarket D. from the newspaper

62. Mrs. Edwards ________.

A. is always very lucky B. had no friends

C. hoped to get free shopping D. gets disappointed easily

63. Mrs. Edwards’s husband tried to ________.

A. make her unhappy B. cheer her up

C. buy things with her D. stop her buying things

64. Mrs. Edwards went back to the supermarket quickly because she had to _______.

A. buy another thing B. talk to the manager

C. pay for her shopping D. find her shopping

65. Mrs. Edwards must have been ________.

A. pleased B. delighted C. proud D. disappointed

Passage Two

Deep inside a mountain near Sweetwater in East. Tennessee is a body of water known as the Lost Sea. It is listed by the Guinness Book of Would Records as the world’s largest underground lake. The Lost Sea is part of an extensive and historic cave system called Craighead Caverns.

The caverns have been known and used since the days of the Cherokee Indian nation. The cave expands into a series of huge rooms from a small opening on the side of the mountain. Approximately one mile from the entrance, in a room called “The Council Room,” many Indian artisfacts have been found. Some of the items discovered include pottery, arrowheads, weapons, and jewelry.

For many years there were persistent rumors of a large underground lake somewhere in a cave, but it was not discovered until 1905. In that year, a thirteen-year-old boy named Ben Sands crawled through a small opening three hundred feet underground. He found himself in a large cave half filled with water.

Today tourists visit the Lost Sea and ride far out onto it in glass-bottomed boats powered by electric motors. More than thirteen acres of water have been mapped out so far and still no end to the lake has been found. Even though teams of divers have tried to explore the Lost Sea, the full extent of it is still unknown.

66. The Lost Sea is unique because it is ________.

A. part of a historical cave system

B. the biggest underground lake in the world

C. listed in the Guinness Book of World Records

D. the largest body of water in Tennessee

67. The Craighead Caverns have been known ________.

A. through history B. since the time of the Indian nations

C. since 1905 D. since divers explored them

68. Who located the Lost Sea in recent times?

A. The Cherokee Indians. B. Tourists.

C. Ben Sands. D. Scientists.

69. What was found in “The Council Room”?

A. A small natural opening. B. A large cave.

C. Another series of rooms. D. Many old Indian objects.

70. It can be inferred from the passage that the Craighead Caverns presently serve as __

A. an underground testing site B. an Indian meeting ground

C. a tourist attraction D. a motor boat race course

Passage Three

Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one life’s essentials. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.

But for many people the thought of food first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures are available, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast, increased by 33 percent.

For those who feel pain of guilt about not eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect performance,” said Arrold E. Bender, former professor of the nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve performance.”

Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults, “The literature”, says one researcher, Dr. Erresto at the University of Texas, “is poor”.

71. The latest year for which figures could be obtained is _______.

A. the year the author wrote the article B. 1977

C. any year between and 1983 D. 1983

72. For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that _______.

A. several studies have been done in the past few years

B. the omission of breakfast does no harm to one’s health

C. adults have especially made studies in this field

D. eating little in the morning is good for health

73. “…nor does giving people breakfast improve performance” means ______.

A. anyone without breakfast does improve his performance

B. not giving people breakfast improve performance

C. having breakfast does not improve performance, either

D. people having breakfast do improve their performance

74. The word “literature” in the last sentence refers to _______.

A. stories, poems, plays, etc. B. written works on a particular subject

C. any printed material D. the modern literature of America

75. What is implied but NOT stated by the author is that _______.

A. breakfast does not affect performance

B. Dr.Erresto is engaged in research work at an institution of higher learning

C. not eating breakfast might affect the health of children

D. Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London

Passage Four

About 35% of all high school graduates in America continue their education in an institution of higher learning. The word college is used to refer to either a college or a university. These institutions offer four-year programs that lead to a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) or Bachelor Science

(B.S.) degree. Some students attend a junior college (providing only a two-year program) for one to two years before entering a four-year college as a sophomore (二年级生) or junior (三年级生).

It is generally easier to be accepted at a state university than at a private one. Most private schools require strict entrance examinations and a high grade point average (GPA), as well as specific college prep classes in high school. Private schools cost considerably more than state colleges and famous private schools are very expensive. Poorer students can sometimes attend, however, by earning scholarships. Some college graduates go on to earn advanced masters or doctoral degrees in grad (graduate) school. Occupations in certain fields such as law or medicine require such advanced studies.

Since college costs are very high, most students work at part-time jobs. Some have full-time jobs and go to school part-time. Often some will take five or more years to complete a four-year program because of money / job demands on their time.

While the college and work demands take up the great part of a student’s time, most still enjoy social activities. Sports, dances, clubs, movies, and plays are all very popular. However, gathering together for long, philosophical talks at a favorite meeting place on or near the university is probably the most popular activity.

76. College education is _______ in America.

A. quite common B. very rare

C. something difficult D. almost impossible

77. Which of the following is NOT required for entering most private schools.

A. entrance examinations B. taking part in many activities

C. GPA D. college prep classes

78. How can poor students attend private schools?

A. Only by working at part-time jobs. B. Only by working at full-time jobs.

C. Only by earning scholarships. D. All of above.

79. The American college students like to _______ most of all.

A. discuss problems on philosophy B. play balls

C. earn enough money D. go to the cinemas or theatres

80. The best title for this passage is _______.

A. Part-time jobs B. American college

C. Popular activity D. A new system

Ⅴ. Writing (20 points)

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a composition of about 80 words according to the following topic.

金钱是一切吗?(Is Money Everything?)

参考答案

Ⅰ. Phonetics

1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.D

Ⅱ. Vocabulary and Structure

11.C 12.B 13.A 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.C 18.C 19.C 20.A

21.B 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.B 26.C 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.C

31.D 32.C 33.C 34.C 35.D 36.A 37.B 38.A 39.B 40.D

41.C 42.D 43.C 44.C 45.A 46.C 47.A 48.D 49.A 50.D

Ⅲ. Cloze

51.B 52.C 53.C 54.B 55.C 56.A 57.B 58.C 59.B 60.A

Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension

61.C 62.C 63.D 64.A 65.D 66.B 67.B 68.C 69.D 70.C

71.D 72.B 73.C 74.B 75.C 76.A 77.B 78.D 79.A 80.B

Ⅴ. Writing

In Money Everything?

6.专升本英语模拟试题五篇六

For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In 1 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 2 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 3 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 4 at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency 5 in the actual stuff of language itself DDwords. Taken individually, words have 6 meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 7 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing(退回) to 8 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over 9 you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 10 down the speed of reading is vocalizationDsounding each word either orally or mentally as 11 reads.

To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 12 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined(预先确定的) speeD.The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 13 the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 14 word-by-word reading, regression and subvocalization(默读)practically impossible. At first 15 is sacrificed for speeD.But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, 16 your comprehension will improve. Many people have found 17 reading skill drastically improved after some training. 18 Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute 19 the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 20 a lot more reading material in a short period of time.

1. A.applying B.doing C.offering D.getting

2. A.quickly B.easily C.roughly D.decidedly

3. A.good B.curious C.poor D.urgent

4. A.training B.habits C.situations D.custom

5. A.lies B.combines C.touches D.involves

6. A.some B.a lot C.little D.dull

7. A.Fortunately B.In fact C.Logically D.Unfortunately

8. A.reuse B.reread C.rewrite D.recite

9. A.what B.which C.that D.if

10.A.scales B.cuts C.slows D.measures

11.A.some one B.one C.he D.reader

12.A.accelerator B.actor C.amplifier D.observer

13.A.then B.as C.beyond D.than

14.A.enabling B.leading C.making D.indicating

15.A.meaning B.comprehension C.gist D.regression

16.A.but B.nor C.or D.for

17.A.our B.your C.their D.such a

18.A.Look at B.Take C.Make D.Consider

19.A.for B.in C.after D.before

7.专升本学生英语学习个人需求调查篇七

一、需求分析理论依据

“需求分析 ( needs analysis, NA) 指通过内省、访谈、观察和问卷等手段研究需求的技术和方法 ( 陈冰冰, 2010) 。”我国学者束定芳 ( 2004) 认为需求分析可分为社会需求和个人需求。通过需求分析, 了解教学对象及社会对他们英语能力的实际要求, 才能从学生的实际需要出发为他们提供切实有用的帮助。“根据Stevick ( 1971) 的研究分析, 外语教学只有充分体现与学习者学习需求的‘相关性’, 同时具备‘完整性’ ( 指教学能较好地包含学习者的学习需求) 、‘有用性’ ( 能让学习者学以致用) 、‘满意性’ ( 让学习者感觉到他们的需求得到满足) , 才有优势来施加对学习者的影响。Nunan ( 1988) 在他的课程发展模式中也把分析学习者的需求和学习目的列为课程计划的首要阶段。可见, 合理的需求分析是系统化的语言课程大纲设计中诸多方面有效实施的基础, 它将为制订外语政策、设置外语课程、明确教学目标和教学方法、组织课程内容、检查和评估外语课程提供重要依据 ( 向前进等, 2010) 。”本文试图从专升本学生英语学习个人需求角度为专升本英语课程设置提供参考。

二、个人需求调查

1. 调查对象及方法

北京联合大学是北京市教育委员会推荐报考的院校, 是北京市专接本工作的主要承担者。为使调查结果可信, 笔者采用需求分析中的定量研究方法, 从专升本在校生和任课教师两方面收集数据。对专升本在校生主要采取问卷调查法。被调查者为联合大学一所高职学院2013级专升本学生, 来自计算机科学与技术和电子信息工程两个专业。共发出调查问卷120份, 收回有效问卷109份, 无效问卷为答题不完整或漏答的问题。问卷采用陈冰冰 ( 2010) 个人需求分析模型, 包括学习能力差距、学习者个体愿望、学习过程需求和学习环境需求四个维度, 并做了适当修改。对任课教师主要采取访谈研究方法。

2. 调查结果与讨论

维度1: 学习能力差距。笔者调查了2013级专升本学生的统招专升本英语考试成绩、目前平均每天的英语学习时间和英语学习过程中的困难三个方面, 调查结果分别如下: 第一, 2013级专升本学生的统招英语成绩平均分63. 5分, 最高分87分, 最低分50分。第二, 除上课外, 平均每天花在英语学习上的时间按百分比从高到低排序为半小时至1小时 ( 37.6%) 、半小时以下 ( 33.0%) 、1小时至2小时 ( 16.5%) 、2小时以上 ( 12. 9% ) 。第三, 在英语学习过程中, 专升本学生遇到困难最大的前三项分别是听力理解 ( 68.8%) 、口语表达 (48.6%) 和语法知识 (31.2%) 。由此可见, 经过高职阶段学习, 专升本学生已经掌握了一定的英语知识和技能, 本科阶段由于各种原因, 这些学生仍能坚持每天学习英语; 但由于统招专升本英语考试不考查听力, 导致这些学生英语听力理解能力偏低, 同时口语表达也遇到障碍。

维度2: 学习者个体愿望。笔者主要调查了专升本学生的英语学习动机, 被调查者可以选择多种动机, 具体调查结果如图所示。

由图可见, 专升本学生英语学习动机主要为工具型动机, 即用语言做工具达到某个实际目的, 如通过四六级、找个好工作等; 融合型动机偏低, 即了解和融入目的语文化, 仅有9.2%的同学学习英语是为了了解异域文化。

维度3: 学习过程需求。主要调查了专升本学生的学习兴趣和学习策略使用情况。学习兴趣方面, 约半数左右的调查对象对英语学习感兴趣或非常感兴趣, 分别占38.5%和9.2%; 学习策略使用方面, 在给出的六种策略中, 专升本学生主要使用的是记忆策略 ( 57.8%) 、认知策略 ( 48.6%) 和补偿策略 ( 32.1%) , 社交策略使用最少, 仅占15.6%。值得注意的是, 在调查中有近三分之一的调查对象平时只使用一种学习策略、记忆策略或补偿策略。这说明专升本学生的英语学习方法比较单一, 缺乏有效学习策略的指导。

维度4: 学习环境需求。主要调查了学生期待的教师角色、目前教师是否注意因材施教、学生期望的英语课外活动、学生对学习资源的喜好度以及学生期望的考核形式等五个方面。对于教师的角色, 有76名 ( 69.7%) 调查对象希望大学英语教师是学习引导者, 有23名 ( 21. 1% ) 调查对象希望教师是知识传授者, 其他10名 ( 9.2%) 调查对象希望教师是学习辅助者或纠错者;这表明专升本的学生有英语学习的意愿和主动性, 但缺乏科学方法的指导, 所以更希望教师能对其学习进行引导, 而不是一味地知识传授。有关目前教师是否注意因材施教, 有78% 的调查对象认为目前他们的英语教师完全能够 ( 34.9%) 或能够 ( 43.1%) 注意因材施教, 仅有3.7%的被调查者认为目前英语教师不能够因材施教, 这表明目前本院专升本英语教师在授课方式上得到了学生的认可。学生期望的英语课外活动和对学习资源的喜好度调查结果分别如表1和表2所示。

由表1和表2可见, 在对课外环境的需求方面, 相对于其他课外活动或学习资源, 专升本学生尤其喜欢英文电影这种形式, 一方面可能是因为电影既可以让学生获得知识, 同时也是一种娱乐活动; 另一方面可能是因为通过电影既能学习活生生的语言, 又能了解语言背后的文化。这一调查结果为课堂教学、开设选修课及制定学生的自主学习内容都提供了重要参考。值得注意的是, 仅有不到一半 ( 45.9%) 的学生会经常利用网络资源学习英语, 这与信息化和互联网络如此发达的社会趋势不相匹配, 究其原因可能与目前该学院硬件设施不够完善、学生缺乏网络学习的环境以及英语课程考核方式导向等方面有关。这一调查结果为进一步改进该学院的专升本英语教学, 提供了参考依据。

考核形式需求, 调查对象的主要观点如下: 考核内容应突出实用性的综合能力考核, 比如可以采取口试+笔试的形式, 口试可以是场景对话、朗读等, 笔试不能单纯从教材上抽题, 应增加些实用性的内容, 应该兼顾到听说读写译各方面。考核形式上应尽量采用轻松灵活的考核方法, 如口语对话、ppt展示、读后感、撰写小论文等。考核评价上适当增加平时成绩的比例。目前该院平时成绩与期末考试成绩各占总评成绩的50% , 被调查者希望适当增加平时的比例。调查结果显示学生的考核需求与目前普遍采用的过程性考核形式相一致, 反映出学生也更注重学习过程的考核, 不希望被“一卷定输赢”。这也与丁国娟 ( 2013) 对吉林省高校453名大一学生所做的调查结果一致———“应更注重平时考核, 可采用阶段性、分散而非集中考核; 注重以多种形式, 从听、说、读、写等各方面全方位考核, 以考查学生综合能力为主”。

三、结语

基于上述调查结果, 笔者对专升本英语教学提出如下建议: 1课堂教学增加听力、口语教学比例。现有的教学内容和安排主要关注了学生的读写能力训练与提高, 忽略了听说能力的培养, 导致有些同学尽管通过了大学英语四级甚至六级考试, 但仍然张不开嘴说英语。在接下来的英语改革中, 必须增加听说训练的比重, 让学生掌握真正实用的内容。2教学上充分利用工具型动机, 激发融入型动机。融入型动机才是从长远角度真正帮助学生提高成绩的持久性动机, 而目前专升本学生学习英语主要是为了达到某种短期目的。在教学活动中, 要通过创建轻松的学习氛围、帮助树立自信心等方式激发学生的融入型动机。3改革考核方式, 突出过程考核。结合学生需求, 参考语言测试理论, 改革现有的考核方式, 尽量使考核形式既能评价学生的学习过程, 又能衡量其学习效果。4课外加强学习策略指导, 注重自主学习能力培养。通过开设选修课、讲座、学生学习工作坊等各种形式加强对学生学习方法和策略的指导, 培养学生的自主学习能力。学习作为一件持续终身的事情, 学生必须真正掌握学习方法才能终身受益。

当然, 由于本研究还有些不足, 使得对英语教学的建议难免有失偏颇, 有待于进一步完善和探讨。

摘要：专升本学生作为“特殊”的群体, 若要实现到普通本科生的过渡, 达到普通本科英语课程的培养目标, 需要合理的大学英语课程设置及相应的教学模式。在此, 运用需求分析理论, 从学习能力差距、学习者个体愿望、学习过程需求和学习环境需求四个方面对专升本学生的英语学习个人需求进行调查与分析, 并根据调查结果对专升本教学提出相应的改革建议。

关键词：专升本,大学英语,个人需求

参考文献

[1]陈冰冰.大学英语需求分析模型的理论构建[J].外语学刊, 2010 (02) .

8.模拟试题（五）篇八

阅读下面两首唐诗，完成1—2题。

西塞山怀古

刘禹锡

王睿^①楼船下益州，金陵王气黯然收。

千寻铁锁沉江底，一片降幡出石头。

人世几回伤往事，山形依旧枕寒流。

今逢四海为家日，故垒^②萧萧芦获秋。

隋宫

李商隐

紫泉宫殿^③锁烟霞，欲取芜城作帝家。

玉玺不缘归日角^④，锦帆应是到天涯。

于今腐草无萤火，终古垂杨有暮鸦。

地下若逢陈后主，岂宜重问后庭花。

注：①王睿：西晋武帝时的益州刺史。

②故垒：古代作战的营垒，这里有暗指中唐时期藩镇势力的意味。

③紫泉宫殿：指隋都城长安。

④日角：代指帝王之相，这里指唐高祖李渊。

1．对两首诗内容的理解，不恰当的一项是( )

A.诗前四句写西晋水师沿江东下，势如破竹，金陵的东吴政权于是宣告覆灭。后四句总结六朝破亡的历史教训，说明地势不足恃，“王气”不足凭。

B．李诗前四句说：隋炀帝想以芜城作为他寻欢作乐之地，便让都城长安的宫殿空着不用。如果不是因为身死国灭，政权归于唐高祖李渊，他的船队也许会巡游到天边去了吧!

C．李诗的后四句先用“无萤火”与“有暮鸦”写隋亡国后的荒凉景象，再写隋炀帝在地下遇见了同是亡国之君的陈后主，却是无颜再问《玉树后庭花》的事了。

D．刘诗有感于中唐时期藩镇割据的局面，赞“四海为家”，希望国家统一；李诗则以隋炀帝寻欢作乐、奢靡无度终致亡国的悲剧告诫晚唐荒淫腐朽的统治者。

2．对两首诗的分析，不正确的一项是( )

A.两首诗都是感怀时世、借古讽今之作，但刘诗慨叹人世的兴亡变化，意含警告；李诗写隋炀帝亡国的历史教训，多用讥讽。

B．两首怀古诗都善于选取极富表现力的细节加以刻画，如“一片降幡出石头”与“锦帆应是到天涯”两句，即是细节刻画之笔。

C.刘诗通篇以确凿的史实为据，有一种不可辩驳的力量；李诗在史实的基础上兼用想象与联想，虚实结合，耐人寻味。

D．这两首怀古名诗意旨相近，但是风格有明显的不同：刘诗气势雄浑，意境阔大；李诗格调委婉，含蓄蕴藉。

阅读下面一首诗，完成第3题。

瓶竹

(台)舒兰

虽然

我生活得很好

而且

仅凭几滴清水

虽然

在有限的日光中

我的枝叶、

仍能进行光合作用

虽然

根须伸了又伸

却总不能触及

生我的乡土

3．对上面一首诗的赏析，不恰当的一项是()

A.第1和第2诗节写出了瓶竹“我”的生存状态——表面看“仅凭几滴清水”“我生活得很好”，而且“在有限的日光中”“仍能进行光合作用”，但这只是全诗的铺垫。

B．第3诗节揭示了瓶竹“我”的生存现状的实质——没有深根，接触不了大地。表达了远离故土、无根飘零的忧伤。

C．这首诗通过家中养植的“瓶竹”这一意象暗喻作者长期深埋心中的“无根的痛苦”，曲折表达了海峡两岸人民向往祖国统一、期盼人民团圆的心声。

D．本诗在艺术构思上新颖奇巧，“瓶竹”的比喻巧妙贴切，全诗的立意和境界深邃，读来耐人寻味，感人肺腑。

二、文言文阅读

阅读下面文字，完成4—9题。

鲁施氏有二子，其一好学，其一好兵。好学者以术干齐侯，齐侯纳之，以为诸公子之傅。好兵者之楚，以法干楚王，王悦之，以为军正。禄富其家，爵荣其亲。施氏之邻人孟氏，同有二子，所业亦同，而窘于贫。羡施氏之有，因从请进趋之方。二子以实告孟氏。

孟氏之一子之秦，以术干秦王。秦王曰：“当今诸侯力争，所务兵食而已。若用仁义治吾国，是灭亡之道。”遂宫而放之。其一子之卫，以法干卫侯。卫侯曰：“吾弱国也，而摄乎大国之间，大国吾事之，小国吾抚之，是求安之道。若赖兵权，灭亡可待矣。若全而归之，适于他国，为吾之患不轻矣。”遂刖之而还之鲁。

既反，孟氏之父子扣胸而让施氏。施氏曰：“凡得时者昌，失时者亡。子道与我同，而功与我异，失时者也，非行之谬也。且天下理无常是，事无常非。先日所用，今或弃之；今之所弃，后或用之。此用与不用，非定是非也。投隙抵时，应事无方，属乎智。智苟不足，使若博如孔丘，术如吕尚，焉往而不穷哉?”孟氏父子释然无愠容，曰：‘吾知之矣，子勿重言!”

4．对下列句子加点词解释不正确的一项是( )

A.好学者以术(干)齐侯。干：冒犯

B．焉往而不(穷)哉?

穷：不得志

C．(摄)乎大国之间。

摄：夹处

D．(适)于他国。

适：往

5．下列各句中加点词语在文中的意义与现代汉语(相同)的一项是( )

A.当今诸侯力争，所务兵食而已。

B．若赖兵权，灭亡可待也。

C．且天下理无常是，事无常非。

D．此用与不用，非定是非也。

6．下列句中加点词意义和用法不同的一组是( )

A.所业亦同，(而)窘于贫。

子道与我同，(而)功与我异。

B．而攝(乎)大国之间。

投隙抵时，应事无方，属(乎)智。

C．(若)全而归之，适于他国。

使(若)博如孔丘，术如吕尚。

D．以为诸公子(之)傅。

失时者也，非行(之)谬也。

7．下列句子在文中的意思，(不正确)的一项是( )

A.禄富其家，爵荣其亲——俸禄使家里富足，爵位让父母荣耀。

B．遂宫而放之——于是从宫里流放了他。

C．孟氏父子扣胸而让施氏——孟家父子捶胸顿足地责备施氏。

D．投隙抵时，应事无方——抓住时机，行动及时，应付事情(的变化)，不受固定方法局限。

8．能概括施氏二子成功、孟氏二子失败原因的是( )

A.得时者昌，失时者亡。

B．理无常是，事无常非。

C．诸侯力争，所务兵食。

D．用与不用，无定是非。

9．下列对原文的叙述和分析，(不正确)的一项是( )

A.孟氏二子术非不精，法非不良，但因时机把握不当，导致了与施氏二子“道”同而“功”异的悲惨结果。

B．这个故事告诉人们，做事应根据时间、地点、条件的变化而变化，不能生搬硬套别人的做法。

C．从孟、施两家的故事中可以看出，一个人在事业上成功与否，学识、技能固然重要，但智慧更为重要。

D．这个故事旨在说明齐、楚、秦、卫治国之道各异，因而对人才也各有偏爱。

三、科技文阅读

阅读下面的文字，完成10—13题。

地球上一切生命最古老的共同祖先，即第一个能够复制自身的原始细胞，是由构成宇宙间98％物质的六大元素组成的，它们是氢、氦、碳、氮、氧、氖。然而，这些无机元素是怎样形成具有生命的原始细胞的?至今仍是一个谜。

1922年，苏联生化学家亚历山大·奥巴林提出一个著名的假说：生命来自闪电。太阳和地球自身的放射性能量作用于大气层中的无机分子，使之变成有机分子；它们在地球湖泊、海洋提供的“原始汤”中“定居”，发展成为原始的生命。

1950年，美国芝加哥大学第一次用实验来验证奥巴林假说。他们模拟“原始汤”，在水中加进甲烷、氨等分子，加热并通以电火花。一个星期之后，甲烷中有5％的碳变成了氨基酸分子，而氨基酸正是构成生物蛋白质的基本单位。

此后，科学家进行了许多类似的实验，不仅从无机物中得到了各種氨基酸，而且得到了核苷酸、磷脂等构成生命的重要有机分子。这样，生命起源的第一步——化学无机分子怎样变成有机分子就基本上搞清楚了。

然而更困难的是第二步——有机分子怎样组成具有生物繁殖能力的细胞?

美国迈阿密大学生化学家福克斯对此进行了研究。他相信，细胞起源于一种由类蛋白组成的微球体。他将这种微球体称之为前细胞。他已在实验室里得到了这种微球体。这种由氨基酸分子选择性结合而成的类蛋白微球体，具有类似细胞的功能：能新陈代谢，能自我复制，甚至对光的刺激具有类似神经信息的反应。最近，福克斯还发现，如果微球体中含有较多的赖氨酸时，能催化氨基酸链和核苷酸链的形成。

最近，英国克拉斯哥大学的化学家彻因、史密斯等人提出了生命起源于黏土的理论。他认为，核糖核酸起源于黏土晶格。在实验中，由硅、氧、铝等元素形成的黏土晶格，能吸引周围游离的晶体，按一定规则排列分层，还能吸收和贮存环境中的能量，并释放出来。这种黏土结构像一种模板，不断复制出相同结构的黏土层。也许正是从这种黏土中，进化产生了原始的脱氧核糖核酸。看来，我们必须重新考虑生命的概念，因为任何教科书关于生命的定义都是：有高度组织、结构稳定，有适应环境能力，能自我复制。而黏土晶格模板也具有这些特征，黏土是不是具有生命呢?没有人能够回答。从无生命进化到有生命的漫长过程中，还有一大段未知领域。

10．下列对“原始汤”的解释(不正确)的一项是( )

A.原始汤中的分子只有在热和电的作用下才产生生命。

B．原始汤指的是能够产生生命的必要条件。

C．构成原始汤的主要成分是水、甲烷、氨等分子。

D．原始汤可能使有机分子发展为原始生命。

11．下列对于“类似的实验”的说法，正确的一项是( )

A.对模拟的原始汤加热并进行电击实验。

B．证明核苷酸、磷脂等是构成生命的有机分子的实验。

C促使无机分子变成有机分子的实验。

D．控制电流强度，使甲烷产生氨基酸分子的实验。

12．下列对“黏土理论”解说不正确的一项是( )

A.黏土具有自我复制功能，它可以不断复制出相同结构的黏土层。

B．黏土晶格由硅、氧、铝等元素形成，它能吸引周围游离的元素。

C．黏土晶格能将吸引的晶体按规则排列分层。

D．构成生命的原始的脱氧核糖核酸是从黏土中产生的。

13．下列对本文内容的解释，正确的一项是( )

A.分子从无机到有机的演变，和宇宙中的热与电场有密切关系，这是亚历山大·奥巴林假说的主要内容。

B．经过各国科学家多次的实验，目前已经证明了无机分子可以变成有机分子和有机分子如何进化成细胞。

C.美国迈阿密大学生化学家福克斯认为具有生物繁殖能力的细胞起源于一种由类蛋白组成的微球体。

D．黏土理论的提出使原来已有的关于生命的概念受到挑战，因为具有生命特征的细胞在宇宙还有很多。

四、社科文阅读

阅读下面一段文字，完成14—17题。

有生命力的文学是站着的文学

王元化

在文学史上，随着每个重大历史时期的递嬗，都经历了一场艺术形式的变革。尽管莎士比亚仍然像歌德所说的是一位不可企及的伟大作家，可是现在哪个剧作者还会用莎士比亚那种繁缛的充满隐喻和双关语的枝叶纷披的语言呢?今天的小说作者也不会再采用巴尔扎克按部就班去描写宅邸、陈设、人物、服饰、面貌那种整齐划一因而多少显得板滞的表现手法了，虽然巴尔扎克仍然为今天的不少作者所敬重。这并不奇怪，因为十九世纪作家所惯用的表现手法已经不能完全适应表现我们今天生活的气息、节奏、氛围和复杂多变的内容了。现实生活要求充分而完美地去表现它本身的新形式。

在最近一次座谈会上，有两位作家的发言不约而同地说出了和我完全一致的信念：“只有真的才是美的和善的。”我认为这一说法较之过去出现过的把真善美割裂，或者把真善美并列的观点是更合理的。表现手法毕竟不是文学的最根本问题。我同意另一位作家所发出的呼吁：面对严酷的生活，不要为了追求艺术上的声、光、色的美，而把文学注意力从我们还来不及思考和整理的重大生活问题引开去。不要把形式或表现手法在文学创作上的作用无节度地夸大，应该承认有不少杰出的作家是“不穿制服的将军”。他们并不特别关心形式和表现手法问题，殚思竭虑地在这方面反复推敲，下功夫去精雕细琢。他们在构思的时候，往往把全部精力倾注在人物性格和生活意义的思考上，而在表现这些内容的时候却漫不经心，匆忙落笔，只求达意就行了。这类作品是榛楛弗剪的深山大泽，而不是人工修饰的盆景。它们蕴含着内在美，可以用我国古代文学家陆机所说的“石蕴玉而山辉；水怀珠而川媚”去形容这类作品的内容意蕴所发挥的作用。尽管写出这类作品的作家没有穿上镶滚金边、威风显赫的元帅服，但任何人都会承认他们是文坛的宿将，征服人类心灵的大师。

“五四”以后，鲁迅首先把国外的艺术形式和表现手法引进到他那和我国传统作品截然异趣的新小说中来，从而开辟了我国新文学史的第一页。如果没有鲁迅筚路蓝缕、披荆斩棘之功，就不会使我们的小说如此顺利地出现今天这种局面。从国外引进新的表现手法这项工作并没有终结，仍应继续下去。十年浩劫使我们成了固步自封的闭关锁国。其实早在解放初“一边倒”的情况下，对于我们，西方就已成了一个像被魔法禁锢起来的未经探测的世界。当我们痛定思痛，懂得了必须总结过去的经验教训之后，通向西方的窗户终于打开了，现在我们再向西方望过去，那些五彩缤纷朱紫杂陈的奇景免不了会使我们眼花缭乱，头晕目眩。迷洋心理的产生固然是值得关心和重视的社会问题，但是我们也不必感叹人心不古，世风日下。我们应认清这是历史对长期以来所形成的闭关锁国的无情惩罚，而随着改革开放地不断深入，这种情形必将得到改善。

应该承认，我们过去写人的很少或根本不涉及下意识或其它复杂的心理因素。现实中的人的动作或举动并不都是像有些小说中所写的那样是经过理性的审慎衡量的。他们往往凭着感情冲动或其他心理因素去行事。为了弥补这种缺陷，向现代西方的各种艺术流派借鉴是必要的。但是必须要有冷静的头脑去辨认、识别、取舍、融化。我不赞成一窝蜂地搞什么“热”。西方一些作家不断花样翻新的做法也并不值得我们效法。要知道新的并不一定都是好的。我愿意再重述我的一位朋友所说过的话，面对严酷的生活，不要借“艺术美”回避生活的尖锐矛盾。风中的物体会有各种各样的形态：站着的、摇摆的、倒伏的，但有生命力的文学从来都是迎着压力站着的文学！

14．纵观全文，具体说明具备什么样的条件才能被称之为“有生命力的文学”。

答：_______________________________________________

15．作者认为“有不少杰出的作家是‘不穿制服的将军’”，这句话的含义是__________________________________________

16．文章最后一段中，“这种缺陷”指的是_____________

17．下列说法中，符合原文意思的两项是( )

A.十九世纪作家所惯用的表现手法之所以被抛弃，原因就在于它们已经不能用于表现我们今天生活的气息、节奏、氛围和复杂多变的内容了。

B．“只有真的才是美的和善的”，而把真善美割裂，或者把真善美并列的观点是不合理的。

C．有些作品貌似榛楛弗剪的深山大泽，看来不事雕琢，却蕴含着内在美，可以起到征服人类心灵的作用。

D．“五四”以后，鲁迅筚路蓝缕、披荆斩棘，成为把国外的艺术形式和表现手法引进到和我国传统作品截然异趣的新文学中来的第一人。

E．通向西方的窗户终于打开以后，迷洋心理的产生是必然的，而人心不古，世风日下正是历史对长期以来所形成的闭关锁国状态的无情惩罚。

五、文学作品阅读

阅读下面的文字，完成18—21题。

墓地

冯骥才

死亡并非凄惨，并非一片空茫。死亡也是诗，是生命化入永恒的延续，这是使我每逢到国外，路经一处墓地，必要进去流连一番的缘故。它与中国坟地不同，毫无凄凉萧瑟之感，甚至像公园，但不是活人游乐而是死人安息的地方，处处树木幽深，花草葳蕤，一座座坟墓都是优美的石雕，有的称得上艺术杰作。在德国我见过一座墓，墓石两边浮雕一双巨大的耳朵。死者长眠地下，还在倾听世间的万籁，这才叫不甘寂寞。这一双石耳线条浑厚而洗练，和胖墩墩的基石协调为一个浑厚的整体。墓碑上刻着一行字：“我带不走的只有爱。”

看来这雕刻家像死者的朋友一样了解他。

漫步墓地间，游览那些在树影深处、花草丛中各式各样的坟墓，真比在安特卫普的雕塑公园享受更多也感受更多。因为这里永远沉睡着无数连梦也没有、绝对安宁的灵魂。他们曾经是一个个活生生有血有肉有声有色的人。此时，每一个墓穴里安葬着一个故事。小说家的故事是虚构的，他们的故事却是真实的。他们的容貌、个性、过失、业绩、命运以及真切的内心无从得知，只有任你去猜，一大片人生的想象构成墓地无限的空白。仅有的提示，便是墓碑上的铭言。我最喜欢伫立在这些陌生人的墓前，默默读这些碑文。墓碑上很少“树碑立传”和“歌功颂德”，大多只有生卒年月，还有一句或几句话，大多是死者留下的遗言，或是他们的亲友对其最后的馈赠。有几个碑文至今依然记得：

“所有的事我都快乐，包括这一次。”

“我是个酒鬼，现在才真醉了。”

“忘掉这个人的过失，记着他的好处。”

“你不认识我，我从未成功过；我的朋友都牢记我，凡事我都认真地做过。”

常常见到墓碑前斜放着一枝鲜艳的玫瑰，或是一大束死者生前喜欢的花。那是饶有诗意的想念。

在英国一处墓地，深秋天气，我见到一个老年妇女在地上拾落叶。她把精心选择到的最美最红的叶子一片片轻轻放在一座坟墓碑上的石板上。她做得好虔诚，又好像在享受着什么。我在公墓绕一圈回来，她不见了，只有墓穴上盖一大片秋叶。太阳静静晒着，好像愈晒愈红……

欧洲宗教说死者要进天堂，中国佛教说死者要进地狱。进天堂快活而安详，因此西方的葬礼没有闹丧。幻想的形象是天使，不是阎罗小鬼牛头马面；祭奠用鲜花而不用疼人的纸花。西方宗教思想讲出世，中国的儒家讲入世之道，对死的想象紧紧联系着生存现实，每到祭日便要烧纸钱纸衣纸车纸马，如今还烧纸电视纸洗衣机。中国人重实际，这也是中西方文化传统的区别。

夏威夷的一片墓地给我印象独特。在山顶一片平荡荡绿茵地上，放着上千块距离相等的方石板，大约一本杂志大小，这是小石棺，是埋葬骨灰用的。据说凡是参加第二次世界大战的人都可以埋葬在这里，石板上只有号码，埋葬好，就按号码把死者名字刻在前方一堵青色的墙上。这地方风景极美丽，无时无刻都有潮湿的海风轻轻吹拂，清爽而透亮。石棺是统一规格的，不论死者身份，不分大小粗细，完全相等。我忽然想起雨果在巴尔扎克墓前的一句话：“死亡是伟大的平等，也是伟大的自由。”

当然，凡是对死者的寄语，都是对生存世界的追求。

18．本文开头说：“死亡并非凄惨，并非一片空茫。”形容死亡的词语很多，作者为什么选用了“凄惨”与“空茫”两个词?请分析理由。

答：__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

19．文章结尾说：“凡是对死者的寄语，都是对生存世界的追求。”分析作者这样说的原因。

答：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

20．请分别说明作者详细描述三处墓地的用意。

(1)德国石耳墓碑：_______________________________________

(2)英国老妇人拾落叶盖墓穴：_____________________________

(3)夏威夷石棺墓地：_____________________________________

21．下列对这篇散文的赏析，正确的两项是( )

A．這篇散文通过描写国外一些墓地的环境、景色，赞扬了外国墓地建造的艺术性及死者的幽默风格，表现了作者不怕死亡、开朗豁达的胸襟。

B．文章题目虽然为《墓地》，但全文没有对死亡的恐惧，也没有故做深沉的伤感。作者使用一种轻松自然而且近乎快活的笔调向我们描述了他在国外墓地的见闻。