情态动词的用法` (新课标版高二英语下册教学论文)

情态动词的用法` (新课标版高二英语下册教学论文)（共6篇）

1.情态动词的用法` (新课标版高二英语下册教学论文) 篇一

非谓语动词专题

不定式的用法：

1.作主语;不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。

To see is to believe.

It’s right to give up smoking.

2.作表语;My job is to help the patient.

3. 作宾语;有些动词后只能用动词不定式作宾语，如：afford, agree, ask, decide, desire, expect, fail, hope, manage, promise, pretend, plan, intend, refuse, wish等。

4.作宾补;动词不定式作动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice, observe等感官动词以及have, let, make等使役动词后面的宾语补足语时，不定式to符号要省略。但如果这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to符号。如：

I often hear him sing the song.

He is often heard to sing the song.

注意： 动词不定式在介词but后面时， 如果介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。另外，在can’t choose but和can’t help but等后面的不定式也省略to。如;

We could do nothing but wait.

We have no choice but to wait.

5.作定语;1). 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点，工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。如：

There is nothing to worry about.

The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.

Please give me a knife to cut with.

但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如：

He had no and no place to live.

We found a way to solve this problem.

2). 当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：

Have you anything to send? / Have you anything to be sent?

3). 不定式作定语的几种情况：

a.作后置定语可表将来：The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.

b.用来修饰被序数词，最高级等限定的中心词：

He was the best man to do the job.

She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.

c.用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, answer, reply, attempt等。如：

Do you have the ability to read and write English?

I have no chance to go sightseing.

6.作状语;表目的，原因，结果或条件。如：

I came here to see you.(目的)

He hurried to the school to find nobody there.(结果)

To look at him, you would like him.(条件)

在某些形容词作表语，表示喜，怒，哀，乐后跟不定式表原因。如：

We were very excited to hear the news.

在带有enough或too的句子里，也常用不定式作状语，表示程度。

He is old enough to go to school.

She is too tired to do the job.

注意：目的状语还可以用in order to或so as to来表示但so as to不能置于句首。

7.作独立成分;如：

To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me.

To be honest, I know nothing about it.

不定式与疑问词who, which, when, where, how, what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语，表语，宾语等。如：

He didn’t know what to say.(宾语)

When and where to hold the meeting is not known yet.(主语)

My question was how to get so many books.(表语)

注意句型：Why not do sth.? Why do sth.?

不定式的主动(to do )和被动(to be done)

判断不定式是主动还是被动，关键看不定式中的动词与主句的主语之间的关系，主动即用“to do”，被动即用“to be done”; 如果与主句主语之间没有关系，则看其与逻辑主语之间的关系，如果是被动，则用“to be done”.试比较：

1) I have some clothes to wash, so I can’t go out now.(自己洗衣服)

2) Are you free now? I have some clothes to be washed.(叫别人洗衣服)

3) There are five pairs (for you) to choose from. (暗含主语you)

不定式的时态

to do/to be doing/ to have done

He pretended to be reading a book when she went in. (动作正在进行)

I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.(不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前)

不定式符号to的保留问题

有时为了避免重复，可以用来代替前面的不定式，这种情况常出现在下列动词后：expect, prefer, care, mean, forget, want, wish, hope, try以及be glad/happy;would like/love等后。

I have’t been to Hong Kong, but I wish to.

---- Are you on holiday?

---- No, but I’d like to be.

---- I didn’t tell him the news.

---- Oh, you ought to have.

动词-ing形式的用法(过去分词):

1. 动词-ing形式作主语

Seeing is believeing.

Tom’s coming is what we have expected.

-ing或不定式都可以在句中作主语，但在下列句型中常用-ing作主语

It’s no use/good+doing sth./ It’s of little use/good+doing sth.

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

It is of little good staying up too late every day.

2.动词-ing形式作表语

Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.

3.动词-ing形式作宾语

以下动词或动词词组后面只接动名词作宾语：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider(考虑), delay, enjoy, imagine, suggest, finish, mind, practise, resist, give up, feel like, keep on, insist on, look forward to, stick to, get down to等。

注意：1). 有些动词或动词词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意。如：

forget to do/doing; remember; regret; try; mean; stop; go on; can’t help等。

2). 在动词等动词后直接跟动词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：

allow/advise/forbid/permit doing sth./ sb to do sth.

3). need, want, require其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，表示事情需要做。如：

Sth. need/requie/want doing=to be done

Sth. be worth doing

Sth. be worthy of being done=be worthy to be done

4.动词-ing形式作定语(过去分词作定语)

前置定语：He asked an embarrassing queation.

后置定语：A little child learning to walk often falls.

= A little child who learns to walk often falls.

注意：动词-ing和过去分词的区别---现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行，过去分词表示被动含义或动作已经完成。如：

falling leaves/fallen leaves

boiling water/boiled water

a puzzling look/a puzzled look

Those inviting me to attend the meeting are my friends.

=Those who invite me to attend the meeting are my friends.

Those invited to the meeting are all the top leaders from different countries.

=Those who are invited to the meeting are all the top leaders from different countries.

5.动词-ing形式作状语(过去分词作状语)

分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。

分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间，原因，结果，条件，让步，行为方式，伴随状况等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while或when引出。如：

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

Followed by some officials, the leader inspected his army.

Following their teacher, the students went into the classroom.

Being sick, I stayed at home.

Having finished his homework, he went on to watch TV.

Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.

He sat in the armchair, reading the newspaper.

Not hearing from him, I give him a phone call.

When leaving the airport, they waved to us constantly.

现在分词和过去分词的时态与语态

一般式doing/done

完成式having done/ having been done

进行式being done

否定式是not+分词短语

独立成分作状语

有些分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：

Generally speaking,

Frankly speaking,

Judging from/by,

Considering,

Given,

责任编辑：李芳芳

2.情态动词的用法` (新课标版高二英语下册教学论文) 篇二

Ⅰ.异域风情

Cars and the United States

Cars are an important part of life in the United States.Without a car most people feel that they are poor.And even if a person is poor,he doesn’t feel really poor when he has a car.

Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers.He probably didn’t know how much the car was going to affect American culture.The car made the United States a nation on wheels.And it helped make the United States what it is today.

There are three main reasons that the car became so popular in the United States.First of all,the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it.The car provides the most comfortable and cheapest form of transportation.With a car people can go anyplace without spending a lot of money.

The second reason that cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient and inexpensive form of public transportation.Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world.Nowadays there is a good system of air-service provided by planes.But it is too expensive to be used frequently.

The third reason is the most important one.The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular.Americans don’t like to wait for a bus,or a train or even a plane.They don’t like to have to follow an exact schedule.A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time.And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have.

The gas shortage has caused a big problem for Americans.But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation.The real solution will have to be a new kind of car,one that does not use so much gas.

Ⅱ.知识归纳

1.英文中表达“意愿和希望”情况归纳

在英语中，人们在日常交往活动时，都要表达意愿和希望，可用下列的常用结构：

(1)I’m going to…（表示“我计划、打算……”，事先有考虑）

Are you going to…？（询问“你的打算是什么”）如：

I’m going to see a film.

我打算去看电影。

Are you going to leave for Beijing?

你打算动身去北京吗？

（2）I will…(我将要……)

What will you…？（表示“你的意愿是做什么”）如：

I will write a letter to a friend in Beijing.

我要给我北京的朋友写封信。

What will you do at the weekend?

周末你要做什么？

（3）I intend/mean/plan to…(表示“我打算/计划……”)

Do you intend/mean/plan to…？（询问“你打算/想要……”）如：

I plan to travel in Europe this summer.

今年夏天我计划到欧洲旅游。

I mean to wait for the next bus.

我打算等下一辆公共汽车。

Do you intend to take the driving license test this year?

你打算参加今年的驾驶执照考试吗？

Do you mean to put off the appointment?

你想要推迟这次约会吗？

（4）I’d like to…/I feel like…/I’m ready to…(强调“我想要/乐意……”)如：

I’d like to stay at home doing my homework.

我想呆在家里做作业。

I feel like going out for a walk.

我想出去散散步。

I’m ready to visit my uncle.

我准备去看望我叔叔。

（5）I want to…(表示意愿和欲望，语气较强烈)

I hope to…(表示希望做某事，语气较委婉)

I wish to…(表示不能达到的愿望，也指愿意做某事)

Do you hope to…?(询问“你希望……”)

What do you wish to…?(询问“你希望……”)如：

I want to go to college.

我想上大学。

I hope to be a teacher.

我希望当一个教师。

I wish to see you.

我想见你。

Do you hope to stay and work in Shanghai after graduation?

你毕业后希望留在上海工作吗？

What do you wish to do after you come back from Canada?

你从加拿大归国后希望干点什么？

（6）I would rather not…（我宁愿不……）表示当别人邀请你做某事而你又不太愿意时，语气较委婉；I don’t feel like…(我不想……)表示当别人邀请你做某事而你又不太愿意时，语气较委婉。如：

I would rather not tell you.

我宁愿不告诉你。

I don’t feel like going swimming today.

我今天不想去游泳。

（7）I hope that…（表示希望实现的可能性大）I wish that…(表示希望实现的可能性很小)如：

I hope that you will visit China next year.

我希望你明年访问中国。

I wish that I knew the latest news.

但愿我知道最新消息。

（8）类似的表示意愿和希望的常用句型还有

I’ve dreamed of…(我渴望……)

I’ve been looking forward to…(我一直盼望……)

I’m thinking of…(我正在考虑……)

I’ve decided to…(我已决定……)

I will be glad to…(我乐意……)

I’m considering…(我在考虑……)

Have you decided to…?(你已决定……？)

I would rather…(我宁愿……)

I think I will…(我想我会……)

I haven’t made up my mind whether to…(我还没决定是否……)

2.电子邮件中的缩略语

(1)AFAIK as far as I know 据我所知

(2)ASAP as soon as possible 尽早地

(3)BTW by the way 顺便问一下

(4)BRB be right back 马上回来

(5)DIY do it yourself 自己动手做

(6)DL download 下载

(7)FAQ frequently asked questions 常见问题

(8)FTF face to face 面对面

(9)IC I see 我明白

(10)ICQ I see you 网上寻呼机（我找你）

(11)L&R later 后来

(12)IOW in other words 换句话说

(13)MOF male or female 男士或女士

(14)OTOH on the other hand 另一方面

(15)POV point of view 观点

(16)RUOK? Are you OK? 你好吗？

(17)THX thanks 多谢

(18)TTBOMK to the best of my knowledge 据我所知

(19)TTUL talk to you later 回头再谈

(20)UL upload 上传

3.动词“get+及物动词的过去分词”常见形式归纳

这种形式中，get已失去原有词汇的意义，而接近于助动词be的功能。但同“be+及物动词的过去分词”相比，它更强调动作的结果，体现动作性，含有被动之意。常用的有：

get burnt 被烧/烫伤

get broken 破碎了

get hurt 受伤了

get lost 迷路

get damaged 遭到破坏

get paid 拿工资

get drunk 喝醉

get married 结婚

get killed 被杀死

get drowned 被淹死

get painted 油漆，粉刷

get caught in the rain 被雨淋湿

get caught on a nail 被钉子挂住

Ⅲ.词语辨析

1.possible,probable,likely adj. 可能的

(1)possible强调客观上潜在的可能性，但也常常暗示“实际上希望很小”。

e.g.He is a possible choice.

他是一个可以考虑的人选。（根据客观情况，而非说话者臆断）

possible (反义词 impossible)作表语时，前面通常不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，常用句式为：

It is possible for sb. to do sth.

It is possible that-clause.

e.g.He is possible to finish the work.(×)

It is possible for him to finish the work.(√)

(2)probable主要用来指有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物，带有“大概，很可能……”的意味，语气较possible强。

e.g.It was probable that Tom told his father all about the matter.

汤姆可能把这事的全部经过告诉了他父亲。（有几分根据的推测）

probable(反义词improbable)作表语时，通常也不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，常用句式为：

It is probable that-clause.

sth. be probable.

不能用It is probable for sb. to do sth.的结构。

e.g.It is probable that the winner will get a prize.(√)

It is probable for the winner to get a prize.(×)

Colder weather is probable.

(3)likely表示有充分根据的推测，侧重从表面看，某事很可能发生，与probable意思较近。有时两者可以通用，含义区别不大。如：

It is likely/probable that we shall meet with some opposition.

我们多半会遇到一些阻力的。

但likely暗示从表面迹象判断，某事可能发生或可能是真的，而probable则意味着经过权衡正反两方面的理由后，相信某事是真实的，或大概会发生。

e.g.This looks a likely field for mushrooms.

这里看起来适合长蘑菇。

The probable winner is Tom,not Jack.

有希望取胜的是汤姆，而不是杰克。（意即一方实力显然优于另一方）

当likely表示“有可能成功”的意思时，不能用probable代替。

e.g.What is the most likely time to find him at home?

什么时候最有可能在家找到他？

likely(反义词为unlikely)前面可以用表示人的名词或代词作主语，也可以用表示物的名词或代词作主语。但非人称代词it作形式主语时，不能用于“it is likely for sb. to do sth.”句式，此时它与probable一样，后面接that从句。

It be likely that-clause.

e.g.不能说It is likely for him to come.

应说He is likely to come.

or:It is likely that he will come.

2.luggage,baggage

两词都可表示“行李”，都是不可数名词。

luggage是英国英语，baggage是美国英语，表示随身携带的各种行李的总称。询问有多少行李时用how much。

e.g.How much baggage/luggage do you have?

指多少件行李用a piece of 或an article of。

e.g.He had three pieces/articles of luggage(baggage).

他带了三件行李。

3.catch,grasp,seize,snatch

（1）catch的普通用法有“设法抓住、捉住”的意思。

e.g.I caught him by the ear.

我揪住了他的耳朵。

The police caught the thief as he ran.

小偷逃跑时被警察抓住了。

(2)grasp表示“牢牢地抓住”。

e.g.Tom grasped his gun and rushed out.

汤姆抓起枪就冲了出去。

She grasped the rope tightly with her hands.

她双手紧紧地抓住绳子。

(3)seize指“突然用力抓住使之不便逃脱”。

e.g.The policeman seized the thief by the sleeve.

警察抓住了小偷的袖子。

He seized the gun from the enemy soldier.

他从敌兵手中夺过了枪。

(4)snatch表示迅速的拉扯动作，出其不意地“抓取”。

e.g.The thief snatched her handbag and ran off.

小偷抢走了她的小提包就跑了。

He snatched the letter from me.

他从我手中抢走了信。

Ⅳ.能力训练

1.单句改错

(1)He’s in the wool businesses.

答案：将businesses改为business。business表示“生意，商业，行业”等时，为不可数名词。

(2)She’s treated now;she should be back to normal health in a few weeks.

答案：将treated改为cured。cure和treat都含“医治”之意，但cure有“治疗，痊愈”之意，侧重于结果，而treat含“治疗，处理”之意，侧重于动作。

(3)Their whole life was a constant battle for poverty.

答案：把for改为against。for后面所接宾语应该是斗争的目的，against后所接宾语应该是斗争的对象。

(4)Do you think that impossible for us to go there by water?

答案：把that改为it。代替不定式或从句在句中作形式宾语时，应该用it而不能用that。

(5)Half us are on the night shift.

答案：在Half后加of。在人称代词前，要用half of这个结构。

2.翻译填空

(1)老师的言行对学生有很大的影响。

Teachers’ words and deeds ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ their students.

答案：have a great effect on

(2)我的朋友并不个个都吸烟。

______ ______ my friends smoke.

答案：Not all

(3)这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。

This misprint ______ ______ great confusion.

答案：let to

(4)很可能他会成功。

It ______ ______ ______ that he will succeed.

答案：is highly likely

(5)这有如梦想变成了现实。

It’s like a dream ______ ______.

答案：come true

Ⅳ.高考真题

1.(全国)Don’t be afraid of asking for help ______ it is needed.

A.unless

B.since

C.although

D.when

简析：选D。此处的具体语境是向对方提出要求，后一句应该是表达出“凡是需要时”之意，故D项为最佳答案。

2.(2003上海)One of the consequences of our planet’s being warming up is a(n) ______ in the numbers of natural disasters.

A.result

B.account

C.reason

D.increase

简析：选D。result “结果”；account “理由”；reason “理由，原因”；increase “增长”。根据句意可知，D项为最佳答案。

3.(全国)Sarah,hurry up.I’m afraid you won’t have time to ______ before the party.

A.get changed

B.get change

C.get changing

D.get to change

简析：选A。get后接过去分词表示状态的改变。

4.(2004全国)-The window is dirty.

-I know.It ______ for weeks.

A.hasn’t cleaned

B.didn’t clean

C.wasn’t cleaned

D.hasn’t been cleaned

简析：选D。根据时间状语for weeks可确定用现在完成时，表示“已经有好几周没擦窗户了”。

5.(2004全国)-What’s that terrible noise?

-The neighbors ______ for a party.

A.have prepared

B.are preparing

C.prepare

D.will prepare

3.英语情态动词的用法与探讨 篇三

英语情态动词从意义上可以分为两类,以had或may为情态动词的“建议”和以would为情态动词的.“愿望”类.这是在学习和使用英语时的难点,在学习英语过程中,解决了这一难点,就可以正确的使用英语的情态动词.

作 者：杨军  作者单位：哈尔滨理工大学公共外语教学部,黑龙江,哈尔滨,150080 刊 名：科技信息（学术版） 英文刊名：SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION 年，卷(期)： “”(20) 分类号：H3 关键词：情态动词   学习过程   用法  

4.情态动词的用法` (新课标版高二英语下册教学论文) 篇四

1.Liza ___ well not want to go on the trip --- she hates traveling.

A. will B. can C. must D. may

2. John promised his doctor he ________ not smoke, and he has smoked ever since.

A. might B. should C. could D. would.

3. They must have been enjoying themselves there, otherwise they ________ so long.

A. can’t have stayed B. wouldn’t have stayed C. needn’t have stayed D. couldn’t stay

4. What a pity. Considering his ability and experience, he ____ better.

A. need have done B. must have done C. can have done D. might have done

5.You can’t imagine that a top student _________ have failed in the college entrance examination.

A. might B. need C. should D. would

6. Although this ____ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.

A. must B. may C. shall D. should

7. She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here.

A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

8. ---I can’t find my purse anywhere.

---You have lost it while shopping.

A. may B. can C. should D. would

9 . Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter go and do the opposite.

A. may B. can C. must D. should

10. Peter ______ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.

A. shall B. should C. can D. must

11. ---Could you tell me what happened last night?

---I can’t go into detail now because it _______ take too long.

A. would B. should C. might D. could

12. You don’t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You ____find the book by the title.

A. must B. need C. can D. would

13.---How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?

---It should________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.

A. will B. would C. should D. must

14.---Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.

---Great! You _________ read widely and put a lot of work into it.

A. must B. should C. must have D. should have

15.The biggest problem for most plants, which ___________ just get up and run away when threatened(威胁), is that animals like to eat them.

A. shan’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t

16. If it were not for the fact that she ___________ sing, I would invite her to the party.

A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not

17.---May I smoke here?

---If you __________, choose a seat in the smoking section.

A. should B. could C. may D. must

18.---What’s the name?

---Khulaifi. __________ I spell that for you?

A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might

19.---Where’s is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.

--- You ___________ it in the wrong place.

A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put

20. ---What does the sigh over there read?

--- No person __________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.

A. will B. may C. shall D. must

21.---My cat’s really fat.

--- You _________ have given here so much food.

A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t

22. ---What do you think we can do for our aged parents?

---You_________ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.

A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t

23.--- Turn off the TV, Jack. _________ your homework now?

---Mum, just ten more minutes, please.

A. should you be doing B. Shouldn’t you be doing

C. Couldn’t you be doing D. Will you be doing

24. We __________ have proved great adventures, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.

A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t

25.---Mom’s gift? She_______ have chosen a better one for me.

---She _______ be very happy to know it.

A. should; must B. might; wouldn’t C. couldn’t; must D. mustn’t; can’t

26. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _______ at least 150 kilometers an hour.

A. should have been doing B. must have been doing

C. could have done D. would have done

27. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front ______ to arrive.

A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected

28. I like these English songs and they ________many times on the radio.

A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught

29.---Who should be responsible for the accident?

---The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order _________.

A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told

30. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention _____ when we talked on the phone.

A. to promote B. having been promoted

C. having promoted D. to be promoted

31.--- Do you think we should accept that offer?

---Yes, we should, for we_________such bad luck up till now, and time__________out.

A. have had; is running B. had; is running

C. have; has been run D. have had; has been run

32. He as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics.

A. regarded B. was regarded C. . has regarded D. had been regarded

33.---What’s that noise?

---Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______.

A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested

34. As the yeas passed, many occasions-birthdays, awards, graduations-__________ with Dad’s flowers.

A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had marked

35. It is said that the early European playing cared_________ for entertainment and education.

A. were being designed B. have designed

C. have been designed D. were designed

36.We tried many times, but the engine just _________.

A. wouldn’t start B. wasn’t started C. wasn’t starting D. wouldn’t be started

37. If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what _________ in science and technology.

A. had discovered B. had been discovered C. has covered D. has been discovered

38. ---I don’t suppose the police know who did it.

---Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ________ now.

A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned

39. Although the causes of cancer _________, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.

A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering

C. are uncovering D. have uncovered

40. In a room above the store, where a party _________ , some workers were busily setting the table.

A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held

41.The new dictionaries are very useful. They______ well and ______ already.

A. sell; have been sold out B. sold ; had sold out

C. sell; sell out D. are sold; have been sold out

42. Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ for several days.

A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed

43. The dog got _______ over by a passing car.

A. running B. run C. to run D. to be run

Keys:

1.D 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. A 9.C 10. C

11. A 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C

26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32.B 33. C 34. B 35. D 36.A 37. B 38. D 39.A 40. A

41. A 42. B 43. B

5.情态动词的用法` (新课标版高二英语下册教学论文) 篇五

表推测的用法：

情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might都表推测。其中must的可能性最大，can / could次之，may / might最小。具体用法如下：

1. must的用法

(1)表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。

He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人。

(2)must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时，应用can`t,如询问某种可能时，应用can。

He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。(一定)

He can`t know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。(一定不)

Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址吗?(询问可能性)

(3)must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。

He must have a car now. (现在)他一定有辆小汽车。

He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.(正在进行)他一定在教室里做练习。

He must have finished the work.(过去发生)他一定已完成了工作。

注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用It`s certain / I`m sure that he will come tomorrow.

(4)在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。

He must be a worker, isn`t he? (现在)他准时个工人，是吗?

It must have rained last night, didn`t it? (过去)昨晚一定下雨了，是不是?

You must have learned English for many years, haven`t you? (完成时)你一定学了好多年英语，是吗?

2. can / could的用法

(1)can表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Can`t“一定不”，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。

He can`t be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家。

(2)can /can`t后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。

They can`t be reading in the library. 他们一定不在图书馆读书。

He can`t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.

他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。

It`s so late. Where can she have gone? 天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢?

(3)在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的can`t时，疑问部分的助动词应与can`t后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.

He can`t be a teacher, is he? 他不是教师，是吗?

She can`t have finished her homework, has she?

她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是?

(4)could可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。

Don`t eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它，可能有毒。

The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点。

(5)could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。

Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station?

Could you help me?

(6)couldn`t表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。

It couldn`t possibly be poison. 这不可能是毒药。

注：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。

You couldn`t be more wrong. 你真是大错特错。

I couldn`t be happier. 我简直是幸福极了。

3. may和might的用法

(1) may, might表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有 must肯定。

He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American.

他可能是个美国人。

注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。

(2)may, might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。

He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家。

(3)may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。

He may / might be sleeping now. (现在)他可能正在睡觉。

The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. (现在)

这个男孩可能没在家看电视

These students may / might have seen the film before.(过去)

这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。

(4)may, might还可以推测将来的情况。

I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain.

我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。

She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不来了。

Exercises: Complete the sentences using“must”or“can`t”.

1. I have tried to call him at the office, but there is no reply. He be at home.

2. They have bought a new car. They have a lot of money.

3. She is carrying a Japanese newspaper. She be Chinese.

4. He goes abroad a lot, He have an important job.

5. She is a professor at the university. She be very clever.

6. She is acting in a Shakespeare play tomorrow. She be an actress.

一. Choose the best answers to complete the following sentences:

1. I thought you like something to read. So I have brought you some books.

A. ought B. might C. could D. must

2. –That man must be Sarah`s husband.

--No, he be her husband. She is still single.

A. can`t B. mustn`t C. may not D. ought to

3. Peter come with us tonight, but he isn`t very sure.

A. must B. may C. can D. will

4. –What it be?

--It be a mail box, for it is moving. It be a car.

A. can; can`t; must B. can; can; must

C. can; mustn`t; must D. must; mustn`t; can

5. –Look, someone is coming. Guess .

--Jack. He`s always on time.

A. who can it be B. who he may

C. who he can be D. who it can be

6. –I saw Mary in the library yesterday.

--You her. She is still abroad.

A. mustn`t see B. can`t have seen

C. mustn`t have seen D. couldn`t see

7. David, you play with the valuable bottle, you break it.

A. won`t; can`t B. mustn`t; may

C. shouldn`t; must D. can`t; shouldn`t

8. Susan refuses to marry Jack now. She her mind.

A. must change B. should have changed

C. must have changed D. would have changed

9. Sue come together with us tonight, but she isn`t very sure yet.

A. must B. may C. need D. will

10. Aunt Margaret the rain, otherwise she would have arrived here by now.

A. must have missed B. should have missed

C. had missed D. might miss

二. Fill in the blanks using must / can / could / may / might and their negative forms.

1. –Could I borrow your dictionary?

--Yes, of course you .

2. She doesn`t answer the bell. She be asleep.

3. The ground is wet. It have rained last night.

4. He is writing with a pencil. He have lost his pen.

5. A computer think for itself, it be told what to do.

6. There is much gas here, you smoke here.

7. –Was he present at the meeting?

--He not have attended it, for he was busy repairing his car all the time.

8. Look! An old man is lying in the middle of the street. He be hurt in an accident.

9. Nobody saw her at the meeting yesterday, she have spoken at the meeting

10. –My goodness. I just missed the train.

--That`s too bad. I am sure you have caught it, if you had hurried.

6.情态动词的用法和考点整合 篇六

情态动词近几年的考查要点：

1.情态动词的基本用法，要求考生准确把握说话者的态度和语气。

2.情态动词表示推测和可能性，特别是“情态动词+have done”形式。

3.“can，shall，should，must”表示的特定语气。

4.“should/needn’t/could/might+have done”表示的特定语气。

一、情态动词的基本用法

考点1 can与could的用法

表示“能力、许可、可能性”等。在口语中，can可以代替may表示许可，而may比较正式；could可以代替can，语气较为婉转。

He is only four，but he can read.他仅四岁，但已能读书。

Can/Could I come in？我可以进来吗？

Can he be in the office？他会在办公室吗？

考点2 can表示常有的行为和情形

can表示常有的行为和情形，意为“有时会；时而可能”。

He can be very tactless sometimes.他有时相当莽撞。

It can be quite cold here in winter.这里的冬天有时还真够冷的。

考点3 be able to的用法

1.表示现在的能力等同于can，表示过去的能力等同于could；be able to可以用在will后边，也可以用于完成时（have been able to）。

He was able to/could drive when he was fifteen.他十五岁时就会开车。

The baby has been able to walk.这个婴儿已经会走路了。

2.was/were able to表示过去有能力并且成功地做了某事，相当于managed to do something/succeeded in doing something。

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.大火很快蔓延到整个宾馆，但是大家都跑了出来。

考点4 may与might的用法

1.表示许可或征询对方许可，有“可以”的意思。用作此意时，它的否定形式可以用may not，表示“可以不”；但表示“不可以、禁止、阻止”等意思时，常用must not（mustn’t）代替may not。

You may go now.你现在可以走了。

He said that I might use his telephone.他说我可以用他的`电话。

―May I watch TV after supper？我晚饭后可以看电视吗？

―Yes，you may./No，you mustn’t（may not/had better not）。是的，可以。/不，你不可以。

2.表示可能性，有“或许、可能”的意思，“may或might+动词原形”都表示可能性。用might则语气更加不肯定。

They may/might have a lot of work to do.他们可能有很多工作要做。

考点5 must与have to的用法

1.must表示“必须、应该”。否定形式must not（mustn’t）表示“不应该；不许可；不准；禁止”等。在回答must的问句时，否定式常用need not（needn’t）或don’t have to 表示“不必”，而不用must not，因为must not表示“禁止”。

The work must be finished as soon as possible.这项工作必须尽快完成。

―Must I be home before eight o’clock？我必须8点前到家吗？

―Yes，you must./No，you needn t（don’t have to）。是的，你必须。/不，没必要。

2.have to表示“必须；不得不”，在这个意义上与must很接近，但must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to表示的却是客观需要。have to比must有更多的形式。

The TV set is broken. I have to buy a new one.电视机坏了。我不得不再买台新的。

He had to go，because his mother was ill.他不得不离开，因为他母亲病了。

[NextPage]

3.must表示“偏偏；非得；一定要”等意思。

If you must go，at least wait until the storm is over.如果你一定要走的话，起码也要等到暴风雨结束。

考点6 need的用法

用作情态动词时，need表示“需要”，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中，一般不用于肯定句。在回答need的问句时，肯定式常用must/have to，否定式用needn’t。

―Need I arrive by ten o’clock tomorrow？我明天必须在十点前到达吗？

―Yes，you must./No，you needn’t.是的，你必须。/不，没必要。

You needn’t come so early tomorrow.你明天不必来这么早。

考点7 shall的用法

1.在疑问句中，shall用来征询对方意见或请求指示，用于第一、第三人称。

Where shall I wait for you？我在什么地方等你？

2.在陈述句中，shall表示给对方的命令、警告、威胁、决心或允诺等，用于第二、第三人称。

You shall be sorry one day，I tell you.我告诉你，你早晚有一天会后悔的。

Don’t worry.You shall get the answer this very afternoon.不要着急，今天下午你就会得到答复。

3.用在法律、规则等条文中，意为“应……；须……；得……”。

The fine shall be given in cash.罚款应以现金缴纳。

It shall be unlawful for any person to keep any wild animal in captivity.任何一个人圈养任何一种野生动物都是犯法的。

考点8 should和ought to的用法

1.表示“劝告、建议、责任、义务”，常译作“应该”。这时ought to比should的语气稍重一点。

You should keep your promise.你应该信守诺言。

Young people should learn how to use computers.年轻人应该学会使用电脑。

You are his father.You ought to take care of him.你是他父亲，你应该照顾他。

2.表示预期或按道理“应该；想必；一定”。

The photos should be ready by 12：00。照片应该在十二点前准备好。

You should know him well，for you worked with him for years.你应该很了解他，你和他在一块儿工作了好几年。

考点9 will的用法

1.will表示“意志、意愿”，可用于多种人称；would是will的过去式，表示过去时间的“意志、意愿”，可用于多种人称。

I will tell you all about it.我愿把事情全部都告诉你。

He won’t go with us.他不愿和我们一起去。

2.will在疑问句中用于第二人称时，表示询问对方的意愿或向对方提出请求，若用would，语气比will婉转，指现在时间。

Will/Would you please open the window？你把窗户打开好吗？

Would you like some coffee？想要点咖啡吗？

考点10 dare的用法

用作情态动词时，表示“敢；敢于”，和need一样，也是主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中。

He daren’t speak English before such a crowd，dare he？他在众人面前不敢说英语，是吧？

考点11 used to和would的用法

1.used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态（暗示现在已不如此）。

―Did you use to go there to see your brother？/Used you to go there to see your brother？你过去常去那儿看你兄弟吗？

―Yes，I did（used to）。/No，I didn’t（usedn’t）。是的，经常去。/不，不经常去。

He used to be in good health.他过去的身体很棒。（暗示现在身体不好了）

2.would表示过去的习惯动作，不表示状态。

When he was there，he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.他在那里的时候，每天下班之后就去拐角处的那家咖啡店。

used to表示动作时和would可以互换，他们的区别在于，used to强调现在已不这样，而would则不强调现在是否这样。

They would/used to come to my house to play on Sundays.他们过去在星期天经常来我家玩耍。

考点12 had better的用法

had better表示“最好（做……）”。

We had better go now.我们最好现在走。

Breakfast had better be eaten before 8 o’clock.吃早饭最好在八点以前。

考点13 may well和may as well

1.“may well+动词原形”是一种常用结构，意为“很可能；完全能”，相当于to be likely to。

He may well be proud of his son.他大可为儿子感到自豪。

Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her.她的模样变化太大，你很可能认不出她来了。

2.“may as well+动词原形”意为“最好；满可以；倒不如”，相当于had better或have a strong reason not to。

We may as well stay where we are.我们留在现在的地方倒也不错。

You may as well do it at once.你最好马上做这件事。

1.（高考新课标卷）I ______ use a clock to wake me up because at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my house.

A.couldn’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t

解析 考查情态动词。根据下文“at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my house（每天早上六点有火车从我家附近驶过）”，所以我没有必要用时钟叫醒我。答案：D

2.（20全国卷）I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ______ find the money.

A.can B.might C.would D.need

解析 考查情态动词。此处考查的是“can”的基本意义“能，能够”。句意为：“如果我能够弄到那笔钱，我就和约翰一起到欧洲去度假。”答案：A

3.（年上海卷）The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol.

A.wouldn’t B.needn’t C.won’t D.mustn’t

解析 考查情态动词。句意为：“新的法律规定酒后驾车是绝对禁止的。”备选项中只有“mustn’t”表示“禁止、不容许”的意思。”答案：D

4.（2012年重庆卷）―______ you interrupt now？Can’t you see I’m on the phone？

―Sorry Sir，but it’s urgent.

A.Can B.Should C.Must D.Would

解析 考查情态动词。must表说话者极不耐烦和生气的语气。句意为：“―你现在一定要打断我吗？难道你看不到我在打电话吗？―对不起，先生，事情很急。”答案：C

5.（2012年江苏卷）Days later，my brother called to say he was all right，but ______ say where he was.

A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.wouldn’t D.mightn’t