英语语法讲解学习：过去进行时

英语语法讲解学习：过去进行时（精选10篇）

1.英语语法讲解学习：过去进行时 篇一

英语语法过去将来进行时

过去将来进行时：表示就过去某一时间而言，将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的.动作，主要用宾语从句中，尤其多用于间接引语中。

基本用法：

用于间接引语：They said they would be coming.(他们说了他们将要来。)

用于定语从句：The new job he would be taking was raising racing horses.(他将要接受的新工作是养赛马。 )

作用：

1. 过去将来进行时可以表示在过去某一时间之后即将进行的动作：

例如：He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.(他说他不能来因为要开会。)

2. 过去将来进行时表示在过去将来某一时间正在发生的动作：它常和表过去将来的时间状语连用，但上下文清楚时，时间状语亦可省略。和将来进行时一样，它也常表计划中的事，不表意愿或打算。它还有一个特点，即常用在宾语从句(尤其是间接引语)中。

例如：John told us that Mary would be coming next day.(约翰告诉我们玛丽第二天来。)

3. 过去将来进行时有时也可用在其它从句中：

用在定语从句中：The new name he would be using was Jack Jones.(他将用的新名是杰克琼斯。)

用在状语从句中：He would pay the rest as he would be leaving France.(其余款项，他将在离开法国时付清。)

4. 过去将来进行时也可用在独立句中：

例如：The car started. Ellen James would be driving off to the university.(车子发动了。埃伦詹姆斯要开车到大学去。)

 

2.英语语法讲解学习：过去进行时 篇二

一 概念

表示在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如：yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday, last night, last week, last month, last year, a moment ago, just now, two days ago, a week ago, in 1990等。

如：I went to bed at eleven last night.昨晚我11：00睡觉。二 动词过去式的构成规律

（一）规则动词的过去式

1，一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed;Look---looked play----played start---started visit—visited 2, 以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d;Live—lived use---used 3, 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先将y 改成i,再加 –ed;Study---studied try—tried fly---flied 4,以重读闭音节（即辅音+元音+辅音）或 r 音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加 –ed。Stop---stopped plan---planned preferred(二)不规则动词的过去式 1 改变动词中的元音；

Begin---began drink---drank come---came eat---ate Grow---grew run---ran know---knew win---won speak---spoke Take---took write---wrote get---got 2 变词尾的-d 为-t Build---built lend---lent send---sent spend--spent bend--bent 3 与动词原形一样；

Cut---cut put---put cost----cost hurt---hurt shut---shut 4 变-ay 为—aid(少数动词)Say---said pay---paid lay---laid

采用不同词根；

Sell---sold teach----taught buy----bought 6 其他

Am/is---was are---were have/has---had do---did

二 加 –ed 后的读音方法 1 ed加在清辅音后面读/t/ Finished/-t/ help /-t/ asked/-t/ 2 ed 加在浊辅音或元音结尾的，读/d/ Played/-d/ lived/-d/ enjoyed/-d/ 3 ed 加在/t/或/d/后面，读/id/ Wanted /-tid/ needed/-did/ visited /-tid/

过去时练习： 写出下列动词的过去式

Isam______ fly___ plant_____ are_____ drink_____ Play ______ go____ make______ does_____ dance_____ Worry______ ask____ taste_______ eat_____ draw_____ Put_____ throw______ kick_______ pass_____ do______ 用所给动词的适当形式填空 We_____(live)in Japan last year.2 Susan_____(stop)the car on the street yesterday.3 My mother____(clean)my room and I _____(study)for the English test last Sunday.4 What____ you_____(do)last night? 5 On Saturday morning I ____(play)football 二 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空

（1）May_____(finish)her homework very late yesterday evening.（2）Han Mei_____(bring)her pet to the park that day.（3）His father______(buy)a new computer for him last week（4）Miss Du______(walk)to work every day last term.（5）We____(move)to Shenyang 8 years ago.（6）_____ you _________(have)bread for breakfast this morning?（7）She_______(give)me a nice present last night.（8）The police______(stop)the car and_____(catch)the thief(小偷)just now.（9）Tom ____(carry)water for the old man last Saturday.（10）Uncle Wang______(come)into the room and______(find)something to eat.（11）Lily______(study)in the classroom for two hours and then ____(leave).（12）Jimmy______(do)a lot today.He______(go)shopping and _____(cook)supper.（13）We_____(go)to the cinema last night.The film_____(be)very good.（14）What time ______you________(get)to school this morning? 三 句子变化

（一）一般过去时的一般疑问句

1.把 was, were放在句首，其余位置不变。由Was„? 引导的一般疑问句，肯定答为：Yes,„ was.否定回答为：No,„wasn’t 由Were„?引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答为：Yes,„were.否定回答为：No,„weren’t.如：

（1）I was born in Shanghai.----Were you born in Shanghai?---Yes, I was.(肯定回答)----No, I wasn’t(否定回答)（2）They were in Li Yan’s home last night.----Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?--Yes, they were.(肯定回答)--No, they weren’t(否定回答)2.在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词did 来引导，其余的语序不变。要注

意的是，要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为：Yes,„did 否定 No,„didn’t.如：John played computer games last night.---Did John play computer games last night? Yes, he did.No,he didn’t(二)一般过去时的否定句

在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在was, were的后面加上not。

如：

（1）He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2 在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：didn’t+ 动词原形。

如

(1)She played the violin last night.She didn’t play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.(三)一般过去式的特殊疑问句

1.What did„?(主要是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动

原形。）

We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night? 2.Where did ?(主要是询问过去事情发生的地方)They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning? 3.Who +动词过去式„?(主要是询问过去事情发生的人物)Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.Who climbed mountains last weekend?

四 句子结构

在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过去式was,were 构成。

如：（1）I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。

（2）We were in the gym just now.刚才我们在体育馆、2 在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。

如：I visited my uncle yesterday.昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。3 各种句式

（1）一般过去时的肯定陈述句：

主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语或表语。

He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.(2)一般过去时的否定句：

a.主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 宾语。（did+not=didn’t）He didn’t do morning exercises yesterday.b.主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表语。（was+not=wasn’t were+not=weren’t）

（3）一般过去时的一般疑问句：

a.Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语？

Did you study English in `1990? b.Was/Were + 主语 + 表语 ？

Was he a pupil five years ago?(4)一般过去时的特殊疑问句：

a 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 +宾语？

Where did your parents live five years ago? What did you do last Sunday? b 特殊疑问词 + were/ was + 表语？

3.英语语法讲解学习：过去进行时 篇三

1、数词在使用时应注意的问题

易错数词：

年月日及介词

计算用词

和数字相关的词

2、综合

1) 数字表达：

123,856,709

one hundred and twenty-three million, eight hundred and fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and nine

2) 年月日

in the morning; on the morning of September 1;

in September; in 1988; on September 1 (on the first of September)

3、计算

+Six and five is (are) eleven.

Six hundred plus forty is (equals) six hundred and forty.

-Four from seven is (leaves) three.

Six hundred minus one hundred equals five hundred.

X 16 x 11 = 176

Sixteen times eleven is (makes) one hundred and seventy-six.

÷ 9 ÷ 3 = 3

Nine divided by three equals three.

4、dozen, score

A. three dozen eggs; three dozen of these eggs; dozens of eggs

B. three score years; a (three) score of people; scores of times

5、小数，分数，百分比引导的短语作主语时的主谓一致问题.

分数和百分数引导的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数应根据分数和百分数后面的名词来确定.如果是可数名词的复数，其谓语动词用复数形式;如果是不可数名词或单数可数名词其谓语动词用单数形式.

More than 40 percent of the students wear glasses.

70 percent od the fund(资金) was supplied by the Government.

6、一个半...的表达法.

one pound and a half ,one and a half years

4.英语语法讲解 篇四

可数名词——可以数的名词

不可数名词——数不清(没有复数)

drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge

food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings

2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式。

many+可数名词复数

much/a little+不可数名词

some, any , a lot of (lots of) 两者都可以修饰。

3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰。

不可数名词 数词 +量词 +of + 名词

对可数名词的数量提问用how many

5.gct英语语法讲解 篇五

have; do; be

(1)助动词

will would ;may might; can could; must; need; shall should;

ought to; dare

注意：

特殊情态动词：would rather, would sooner; would (just) as soon; had better, had sooner; can not but; may (just) as well.

情态动词在虚拟语气中的含义及其用法。

(2)实意动词

 及物动词：transitive verb

可以直接跟宾语，且必须有宾语。

We reached the railway station at noon.

I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.

Our suggestion will be considered by the committee.

 不及物动词：intransitive verb

有宾语，需搭桥。

We arrived at the railway station at noon.

Listen to me.

无宾语，亦可以。

Birds fly. The sun rises.

动词的基本时态、语态的构成形式及其用法;

一般现在时(主谓一致)：现在进行时：现在完成时(重点)：某一个动作的完成对现在会产生影响用现在完成时,他不表示具体的时间

一般将来时：将来进行时;将来完成时

一般过去时：过去进行时;过去完成时(重点)：过去的过去是过去完成时

注意：

现在进行时表示将来：

一般现在时表示将来：

主动语态：

被动语态：

非谓语动词的构成及其用法

形式：

To do (to have done; to be done; to be doing; to have been doing)

Doing (having done; being done; having been doing)

否定在having前加not

6.高中英语语法讲解 篇六

一.反意疑问句的分类:

1.第一类反意疑问句由两部分组成, 前一部分作陈述; 后一部分提问, 起证实或反证作用, 或只表示疑问语调的作用, 其肯定或否定与前一部分相反. 这一类反意疑问句实际上不表示疑问, 也并不一定要求对方回答

a. You haven’t done your homework, have you ?

b. You will be away for long, won’t you ?

2.第二类反意疑问句也由两部分组成, 前一部分作肯定的陈述, 用肯定形式, 后一部分提问也用肯定形式, 表示说话人对第一部分的陈述的真实性有所怀疑, 请对方加以证实

a. He teaches English, does he ?

二.应注意的问题:

1.疑问部分的主语与陈述部分的主语的对应:

①.陈述部分是there be结构时, 疑问部分用be(not) ther提问

a. There is no doubt about it, is there ?

b. There are hundreds of students on the playground, aren’t there ?

②.陈述部分的主语是everyone, someone, anyone, no one等表示人的不定代词时, 疑问部分主语多用they, 也可用he

a. Everyone knows his job, doesn’t he ? / Everyone knows their jobs, don’t they ?

③.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, something等表示物的不定代词时, 疑问部分的主语用it.

a. Everything goes very well, doesn’t it ?

④.陈述部分的主语是each时, 如果强调单个, 疑问部分的主语用单数代词; 如果强调全体, 疑问部分的主语用复数代词

a. Each of the students has his own desk, doesn’t he ?

b. Each of the students passed the exam, didn’t they ?

c. Each of the pens has a red cap, doesn’t it ?

⑤.陈述部分的主语是不定式, 动名词, 词组或从句时, 疑问部分的主语用it

a. To drive a car is not easy, is it ?

b. Seeing is believing, isn’t it ?

c. That you are leaving soon is true, isn’t it ?

⑥.陈述部分的主语是this , that, these, those时, 疑问部分的主语要用it 或they

a. This is very important, isn’t it ?

b. These are the books you bought yesterday, aren’t they ?

2.疑问部分的不完全动词与陈述部分的不完全动词的对应:

①.陈述部分没有不完全动词(即谓语中只有实义动词)时, 疑问部分用do的某形式来提问

a. He likes English very much, doesn’t he ?

b. He went to the cinema last Sunday, didn’t he ?

c. You have learned English for eight years, haven’t you ?

②.陈述部分的谓语是used to do(过去经常)时, 疑问部分既可用used, 也可用did提问

a. He used to live in London, usedn’t / didn’t he ?

③.若在陈述部分将need / dare / have作为不完全动词使用, 则疑问部分仍用need / dare / have提问; 若在陈述部分将need / dare / have作为实义动词来用, 则疑问部分用do的某一形式提问

a. We need to do it right now, don’t we ?

b. We needn’t do it right now, need we ?

c. You have finished your homework, haven’t you ?

d. You have a computer of you own, don’t you ?

④.陈述部分有must表示 “一定是, 肯定是”的推测意义时, 疑问部分不用must提问, 而要根据must所表示的时间, 用do / be的某一形式来提问, 具体对应情况见下表:

陈述部分谓语形式

含义

疑问部分用来提问的不完全动词

must do / be

一般情况或现在状态

do, am / is / are

must be doing

正在发生的情况

am / is / are

must have done

过去发生的情况

did

a. He must be a student in this school, isn’t he ?

b. You must be tired, aren’t you ?

c. They must be doing their lessons right now, aren’t they ?

d. You must have met him at the party yesterday, didn’t you ?

⑤.陈述部分有must表示“有必要”时, 疑问部分用needn’t提问

a. You must go home right now, needn’t you ?

3.其他问题:

①.陈述部分谓语出现有否定词缀的动词时, 疑问部分仍用否定结构

a. He is unfit for his office, isn’t he ?

②.陈述部分含有no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时, 疑问部分要用肯定形式

a. He hardly knows English, does he ?

③.陈述部分的主语是I时, 疑问部分中否定常用aren’t I.

a. I am your friend, aren’t I ?

④.陈述部分是I ( don’t ) think / believe / suppose / expect that….(即“否定转移句”)时, 疑问部分要根据that引导的宾语从句来作

a. I think he can finish the work, can’t he ?

b. I don’t think he can finish the work, can he ?

陈述部分谓语形式含义疑问部分用来提问的不完全动词

must do / be一般情况或现在状态do, am / is / are

must be doing正在发生的情况am / is / are

must have done过去发生的情况did

a. He must be a student in this school, isn’t he ?

b. You must be tired, aren’t you ?

c. They must be doing their lessons right now, aren’t they ?

d. You must have met him at the party yesterday, didn’t you ?

⑤.陈述部分有must表示“有必要”时, 疑问部分用needn’t提问

a. You must go home right now, needn’t you ?

3.其他问题:

①.陈述部分谓语出现有否定词缀的动词时, 疑问部分仍用否定结构

a. He is unfit for his office, isn’t he ?

②.陈述部分含有no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时, 疑问部分要用肯定形式

a. He hardly knows English, does he ?

③.陈述部分的主语是I时, 疑问部分中否定常用aren’t I.

a. I am your friend, aren’t I ?

④.陈述部分是I ( don’t ) think / believe / suppose / expect that….(即“否定转移句”)时, 疑问部分要根据that引导的宾语从句来作

a. I think he can finish the work, can’t he ?

b. I don’t think he can finish the work, can he ?

第二十章：直接引语与间接引语

一.直接引语与间接引语的转换:

1.直接引语是陈述句, 变成间接引语时将陈述句变成that引导的宾语从句

a. Mary said, “ I arrived yesterday.” =Mary said that she had arrived the day before.

b. Alice said, “ I’ve just got a letter from my father.” =Alice said that she had just got a letter from her father.

2.直接引语是一般疑问句, 变成间接引语时, 把一般疑问句变成由if / whether引导的宾语从句, 同时将语序改成陈述语序, said变成asked, asked后没有间接宾语时, 要加一个间接宾语如me / him /her等

a. Jane asked Tom, “ Have you finished writing the report ?” =Jane asked Tom if / whether he had finished writing the report.

b. Jane asked Dick, “ Have you finished writing the report ?” =Jane asked Dick if / whether he had finished writing the report.

3.直接引语是特殊疑问句, 变成间接引语时, 特殊疑问句变成由原疑问词引导的宾语从句, 同时变成陈述语序

a. “What are you doing Jack ?” Mary asked. =Mary asked him what he was doing.

b. They asked him, “ When do you harvest the wheat ?” =They asked him when he harvested the wheat.

c. “When did you leave Shanghai ?” Peter asked me. =Peter asked me when I left Shanghai.

4.直接引语是祈使句, 变成间接引语时, 把祈使句变成一个不定式短语, 同时根据不同的口气选用适当的谓语动词, 构成ask / tell / order sb (not) to do sth.的结构

a. “Don’t come late again.” he said. =He told me not to come late again.

b. “Turn the oil over, please.” He said. =He asked me to turn the soil over.

c. The farmer said, “ Don’t grow plants in the same place year after year.” =The farmer told me not to grow plants in the same place year after year.

二.应注意的问题: 在直接引语变成间接引语时要注意以下问题

1.人称代词, 物主代词要作相应的变化, 这方面的变化与汉语的习惯完全相同

a. He said, “ I like it very much.” =He said that he liked it very much.

b. He said, “ I have left my book in your room.” =He said he had left his book in my room.

2.时态的变化: 如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时, 直接引语变成间接引语时, 从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化(见下表); 如果主句的谓语动词是现在时, 从句的时态无需变化

直接引语间接引语

一般现在时He said, “ I am afraid I can’t finish this work”一般过去时He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work

现在进行时He said, “ I am using the knife.”过去进行时He said that he was using the knife.

现在完成时She said, “ I have not heard from him since May.”过去完成时She said that she had not heard from him since May.

一般过去时He said, “ I came to help you.”过去完成时He said that he had come to help me.

过去完成时He said, “ I had finished my homework before supper.”过去完成时He said that he had finished his homework before supper.

一般将来时Zhou Lan said, “ I will do it after class.”过去将来时Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.

3.某些指示代词, 时间状语, 地点状语和动词要做相应的变化:

直接引语间接引语

this She said, “ I will come this morning.”thatShe said that she would go that morning.

theseHe said, “ These books are mine.”thoseHe said that those books were his.

nowHe said, “ It is nine o’clock now.”thenHe said that it was nine o’clock then.

todayHe said, “ I haven’t seen her today.”that dayHe said that he hadn’t seen her that day.

yesterdayShe said, “ I went there yesterday.”the day beforeShe said that she had gone there the day before.

tomorrowShe said, “ I will go there tomorrow.”the next / following dayShe said that she would go there the next day.

hereHe said, “ My sister was here three days ago.”thereHe said that his sister had been there three days before.

comeShe said, “ I will come here this evening.”goShe said that she would go there that evening.

agoHe said, “ I went there three days ago.”beforeHe said that he had gone there three days before.

last nightHe said, “ I saw the film last night.”the night beforeHe said that he had seen the film the night before.

next weekHe said, “ The meeting will be held next week.”the next weekHe said that the meeting would be held the next week.

4.直接引语如果是客观真理, 变为间接引语时, 时态不变, 如:

a. He said, “ Light travels much faster than sound.” =He said that light travels much faster than sound.

7.英语语法形容词顺序讲解 篇七

有时候我们用一个以上形容词来修饰名词：

He was a nice intelligent young man.

She had a small round black wooden box.

Opinion adjectives:

Some adjectives give a general opinion. We can use these adjectives to describe almost any noun:

有些形容词给了一个大体的描述。我们可以用这些形容词来描述几乎所有名词：

Some adjectives give a specific opinion. We only use these adjectives to describe particularkinds of noun:

有些形容词给了一个特殊的含义。我们只用这些形容词来描述特定的名词：

Food: tasty; delicious

Furniture, buildings: comfortable; uncomfortable

People, animals: clever; intelligent; friendly

We usually put a general opinion in front of a specific opinion:

我们经常在特殊概念前用一个普遍的概念：

Nice tasty soup.

A nasty uncomfortable armchair

A lovely intelligent animal

Usually we put an adjective that gives an opinion in front of an adjective that is descriptive:

通常我们放一个描述性形容词在某个被描述的形容词前面

a nice red dress; a silly old man; those horrible yellow curtains

We often have two adjectives in front of a noun:

我们经常将两个形容词放在一个名词前面：

a handsome young man; a big black car; that horrible big dog

Sometimes we have three adjectives, but this is unusual:

有时候会用到三个形容词，但这是不太寻常的：

a nice handsome young man;

a big black American car;

that horrible big fierce dog

It is very unusual to have more than three adjectives.

Adjectives usually come in this order:

形容词通常以这种顺序排列：

We use some adjectives only after a link verb:

有些形容词只用在系动词后面：

Some of the commonest -ed adjectives are normally used only after a link verb:

一些最普通的以-ed结尾的形容词通常只用在系动词后面：

annoyed; finished; bored; pleased; thrilled

We say:

我们说：

Our teacher was ill.

My uncle was very glad when he heard the news.

The policeman seemed to be very annoyed

but we do not say:

但我们不说：

We had an ill teacher.

When he heard the news he was a very glad uncle

He seemed to be a very annoyed policeman

A few adjectives are used only in front of a noun:

有些形容词只用在名词前面：

We say:

He lives in the eastern district.

There were countless problems with the new machinery.

but we do not say:

The district he lives in is eastern

8.高中英语语法ing分词讲解 篇八

1. -ing分词的构成

-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式(以do为例)：

主动形式

被动形式

一般式

doing

being done

完成式

having done

having been done

-ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如：

Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.

不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。

His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。

2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式：

-ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作;完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如：

Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。

Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。

3. -ing分词的被动式：

-ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如：

The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。

He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter. 他从来没谈起过他被记者采访的事情。

Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。

注意：在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后，作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如：

Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。

This book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一看。

4. -ing分词的语法作用

-ing分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。

1)Cing分词(短语)作主语：

Laying eggs is the ant queen's full-time job. 产卵是蚁后的专职工作。

Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。

在下面两种结构中，-ing分词也作主语。

①为了保持句子平衡，通常用作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如：

It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。

It's a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。

②在There is no结构中，通常用-ing分词。如：

There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。

There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史车轮不可阻挡。

2) -ing分词(短语)作表语：

His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是收集邮票。

The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。

3) -ing分词作宾语：

①Cing分词作动词宾语。如：I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。

We enjoy attending Miss Li's class. 我们喜欢听李老师的课。

②-ing分词作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语，而用it作形式宾语。如：

I don’t think it possible living in such a cold place. 我认为住在这么寒冷的地方是不可能的。

Do you consider it any good trying again? 你觉得再试一次会有好处吗?

③-ing分词作介词宾语，经常用在一些短语的后面。如：

I'm against inviting him to dinner. 我反对邀请他来吃饭。

They don’t feel like walking that much. 他们不喜欢走那么多路。

He went to London in the hope of being a famous painter. 他去了伦敦，希望能成为一个著名的画家。

此类短语还有很多。如：look forward to(渴望，盼望), be proud of(以……自豪), be responsible for(对……负责), insist on(坚持), think of(考虑，想到), dream of(梦想), object to(反对，抗议), hear of(听说), prevent…from(防止，阻止), keep…from(防止，阻止), stop…from(防止，阻止), be engaged in(从事于), depend on(依*，依赖), thank…for(因……而道谢), excuse…for(因……而道歉), aim at(目的在于), devote…to(献身于), set about(着手做), be/get used to(习惯于), be fond of(喜欢), be afraid of(害怕), be tired of(对……厌烦), succeed in(成功地做……), be interested in(对……感兴趣), be ashamed of(对……感到羞愧)等等。

注意：在有些句子中，介词常可省去。如：

I have no difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners. 我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。

He used to spend a lot of time (in) playing games. 过去他常花很多时间玩游戏。

What can prevent us (from) getting married? 有什么能阻止我们结婚?

另外，-ing分词可以和一些介词如in, on, after, against, before, by, for, without, besides等构成短语，在句中作状语。如：

He left ahead of time without saying a word. 他一句话也没说就提前离开了。

Besides cooking and sewing, she had to take care of four children.

除了做饭和缝纫以外，她还要照顾四个孩子。

On hearing the news, all the pupils jumped with joy. 听到这个消息后，所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。

4) -ing分词作定语：

①单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。如：

reading room 阅览室 swimming pool 游泳池 dining car 餐车

sleeping car 卧车 singing competition 歌咏比赛 waiting room 候车室

a waiting car 一辆等待着的车 a sleeping child一个酣睡的孩子 flying fish 飞鱼

the exciting news令人振奋的消息 a boring speech令人乏味的演出

②-ing分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，也相当于一个定语从句。如：

Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在门边的同志是谁?

They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。

③Cing分词还可以作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，常用逗号和句子其它部分分开。如:

The words, usually dealing with current work, were mostly written by himself.

歌词一般讲当前的工作，大部分是他自己写的。

When she appeared, John, wearing a dirty and worn-out overcoat, ran to her with joy. 当她出现的时候，约翰穿着一件又脏又破的大衣高兴地跑了过去。

5) -ing分词做状语：

-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

①-ing分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while引出。如：

While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。

Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。

②-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：

Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. 因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。

Many of us, being so excited, couldn’t go to sleep that night. 因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着。

③Cing分词短语作结果状语。如：

His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。

She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.

她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。

④-ing分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如：

They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。

Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.

年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。

⑤-ing分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。如：

A person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small.

一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。

Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。

注：-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。

⑥“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如：

His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。

9.0高考英语语法典型例题分析讲解 篇九

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1.John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes _________.

A. open B. to be opened C. to open D. opening

分析：本题考查“keep+宾语+宾补”结构。此时宾补常为形容词、副词、介词短语、分词等，据此可排除B、C项。根据题意“约翰困得眼睛都快睁不开了。”可知是“保持一种状态”，应用形容词作宾补;而不是持续发生的动作，不用现在分词。故答案为A。

2. I didnt hear the phone last night. I _____ asleep.

A. must be B. should have been C. must have been D. should be

分析：此题中“must + have + p.p”表示对过去的推断，虽未证实，但十分有把握，意为“一定”、“准是”;“should + have + p. p”表示过去该做而实际未做的事，含有后悔或责备的意味。根据前句语境，可能判断出C是正确的。

3. In the study, I found my son ______ at a desk, with his attention ______ on a book.

A. sitting; fixing B. sit; fixed C. sitting; to be fixed D. seated; fixed

分析：此题考查不定式与分词作宾补的区别以及短语fix ones attention的用法。因为强调found的动作与sit同时进行，而省去to的不定式sit作宾补表动作的完成，但sitting和seated皆可。第二空中，attention原为fix的逻辑宾语，所以应选fixed作宾补足语。故此题正确答案为：D。

4. -What made you so angry?

-_____. My girl friend promised to come at 7:00 , but she hasnt turned up yet.

A. Having kept waiting B. Being kept waiting

C. To be keeping waiting D. Being kept waited

分析：此题考查的动名词作主语的这一语法功能。使you生气的是女友让你一直在等候，而且回答部分作第一句中的主语，应用动名词或不定式来完成，所以应是 “keep sb. doing”被动语态的-ing形式。故此题正确答案为：B。

5. The murderer was brought in with his hands _________ behind his back.

A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied

分析：本题考查分词作伴随状语。介词with后可接名词或代词再加分词，在句中充当伴随状语或定语。这时名词或代词与分词之间具有逻辑上的主谓关系;当为主动关系时用现在分词，当为被动关系时用过去分词。此题中的hands与tie明显是被动关系，故正确答案为D。

6. Shanghai is larger than _________ city in Africa.

A. other B. any other C. the other D. any

分析：本题考查形容词比较级的用法。此题的难度在于乍一看是考查形容词比较级形式表达最高级意义，容易误选B项。但比较级表达最高级之意时，所比较的对象应属于同一范畴，比较的范围要一致。此题比较的是中国的上海和非洲的城市，范围不同，故不能用any other。正确答案为D。

7. Not the director but the actors _____ what they can ______ money for the disabled.

A. want to do; collect B. wants to do; collect

C. want to do; to collect D. wants to do; to collect

10.英语高考语法考点讲解 篇十

1.表示某一类人或物

In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation.

A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the

2.用于世上独一无二的事物名词前

the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean

3.表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事

Would you mind opening the door?

4.用于演奏乐器

play the violin, play the guitar

5.用于形容词和分词前表示一类人

the reach, the living, the wounded

6.表示“一家人”或“夫妇”(对比上文的不定冠词用法5)

―Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?

―Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.

A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /

7.用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前

He is the taller of the two children.

8.用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前

the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French

9.用于表示发明物的单数名词前

The compass was invented in China.

10.在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代

in the 1990’s(二十世纪九十年代)

11.用于表示度量单位的名词前

I hired the car by the hour.

12.用于方位名词，身体部位名词

He patted me on the shoulder.

13.与比较级和最高级连用

①比较级+ and +比较级“表示”越来越……

The harder he works, the happier he feels.

②表示两者间“较……的一个”比较级前加the。

who is the older of the tow boys?

③三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。

Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.

III.不用冠词(又名零冠词)的情况

1.专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前

Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air

2.名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制

I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?

3.季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前

March, Sunday, National Day, spring

4.表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前

Lincoln was made President of America.

5.表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前

He likes playing football/chess.

6.与by连用表示交通方式的名词前

We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.

A. the; the B.不填;the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;不填

7.以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时

husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night

8.表示泛指的复数名词前