英语演讲稿：奥运英语演讲稿

英语演讲稿：奥运英语演讲稿（共8篇）

1.英语演讲稿：奥运英语演讲稿 篇一

奥运英语演讲稿(精选多篇)

ladies and gentlemen:

good morning!

today, my speech is “i am the part of the green olympics”.”green olympics” is one of the three themes of beijing 2014 olympic games.therefore the beijing government had made a great effort in order to protect the environment, build more “green project”, keep the ecological balance, push the recycling economy, and protect the water resource.but if only the government take the action to realize the green olympics in 2014, its not enough.as a beijing high school student, we should play an active

role in the actions aimed at the realization of green olympics.so we should start it from ourselves, our family, our friends and other people around us.in 2014, in the moscow world trade center, when the former chairman of the international olympic committee, samaranch had said: “beijing, china!” as a beijing citizen, as a chinese, i had a great joy for my city, for my home country from the bottom of my heart!but after the excitement that beijing had been succeed in the race to host the olympic game in 2014.i started to worry about the dusty air, the sandstorm, the polluted rivers and lakes;the streets without any green and whether we could successfully host the olympic games in 2014.four years later, today, we can see 229 day blue sky in one year, we can hardly catch a glimpse of the sandstorm, groups of wild duck comes back to

shishahai lake in the spring, and all the streets are dressed in green.all these make me deeply believe that beijing will surely succeed in 2014!and all these achievements are not only the result that made by the beijing government, but also by the 14 millions beijing citizens.as one of the 14 millions normal citizens, i am also adding my contribution to our green olympic!

i used to have a habit, which is to take two longtime showers every day.it was a big waste of water.one day, i saw a piece of news in beijing daily that about the lack of the beijing water resource.its said every year beijing use up about 3.7 billions cubic meter of water.but miyun reservoir only contains 0.77 billions cubic meter of water, and guanting reservoir only contains 0.19 billion cubic meter of water.this shows we are really short of water now!after reading this news, i start

to change my habit, and only take one quick shower each day.i have calculated that if everyone economizes one cubic meter of water during they are taking the shower in a month;the beijing citizens will economize 14 million cubic meter of water in only one month!in 2014, as the beijing irrigation apartment reported that since 2014 beijing has succeeded in the application of hosting the olympic game in 2014.beijing government had started 26 programs in order to economize the water resource.after 3 years doing this, these programs have saved 0.437 billions cubic meter of water.its as big as a four-sized huairou reservoir!and now, in my daily life, in my family, we always think about protecting the environment and saving the resource whenever we doing what.the batteries, the aged newspapers, the empty glass bottles and all the recyclable garbage, we will classify them then put them in

different trash cans;we make the most use of the nature light and shut off the electrical light conveniently;and when we shopping, we will bring a nylon bag with us instead of plastic bags;during the feast, i do not send any card in order to protect the forest resource;after washing the clothes, we wont dump the used water but use it to flash the toilet… all in all, we should start from every little thing around us to truly realize the “green olympic”.下面来看下由xiexiebang带来的奥运英语演讲稿

ladies and gentlemen: good morning!today, the title of my speech is improving beijing’s environment for the olympics.have you ever seen animals cry? do you know what makes them cry? it’s the polluted world, a dirty world, caused by our irresponsible behaviors, that makes those lovely animals cry.many of us are smart enough to know how terrible it is to

have a world without animals and plants.but some people still persist in making the same errors and harming the environment.what’s worse is that people are eating wild animals.those people don’t know, and more importantly, they don’t want to know.this kind of behavior has caused some specific problems.for example, medical experts have suggested that eating wild animals helped spread the terrible disease sars.now, our world is no longer clean and beautiful.why? because air, water, and noise pollution has become more and more serious.noise pollution makes us talk more loudly and become angry more easily.water pollution makes our rivers and lakes very dirty.air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.both air pollution and water pollution are not only dangerous to our health, but also dangerous to animals and plants.we’re destroying our only world.a

large number of trees have been cut down, so a lot of lands have been turned into deserts.pollution can be seen everywhere!unquestionably it is essential that we clean up our environment.sadly, we’ve not always appreciated the importance of protecting the environment.on the streets, you can see cars producing smog.in the bathrooms, you can see students leaving the water tap on after using them.not only the young people, but also the elderly ones throw things everywhere without thinking its wrong, even in a beautiful park.these things are taking place every day, even in modern cities like beijing.we can’t do that any more.we must learn how to protect the environment.if everyone is aware of protecting it instead of destroying it, the world can become cleaner, more beautiful, and more peaceful.the theme of beijing 2014 olympic games is “new peking, new olympic”.it’s the target owned by every

chinese.we should try our best to improve beijing’s environment for olympics.一． role play: read this following paragraph by yourself:

2014奥运英语演讲稿

chinese people always appreciate the purposes and principles of olympic ideal, support the efforts of olympic games to promote world peace.the chinese government and people are doing our the utmost/best to prepare for the 2014 olympic games in beijing，；with advocating olympic ideal, and shooting at the pageant

sparkpluging world peace and enhancing the relationships among the world.olympic spirit are gonna spread again in orient cultural ancient china.the government and people of china have always admired the purposes and principles of the olympic spirit and supported the efforts made by the

olympics in promoting world peace.the chinese government and people are doing our utmost in preparation for the 2014 olympics in beijing.it is our hope to make it a grand gathering that will carry forward the olympic spirit, promote world peace and enhance the friendship among people of the world, so that the olympic spirit will flourish once again, this time in china, an oriental country with an ancient civilization.中国人民一向赞赏奥林匹克精神的宗旨和原则，支持奥林匹克运动为促进世界和平所做的努力。中国政府和中国人民正全力以赴，做好2014年北京奥运会的筹备工作，力争把2014年奥运会办成一次弘扬奥林匹克精神、促进世界和平、增进各国人民友谊的盛会，让奥林匹克精神在中国这一东方文明古国 再次得到发扬。

二 focus on some important words.=================北京着手申办2014年北京奥运会开始，2014年北京奥运会这个话题就一直备受关注。目前关注的焦点已从申办之初许下的诺言转移到如何真正履行诺言。在我看来，要跨越诺言与现实之间的鸿沟，北京还有很长一段路要走。

the 2014 olympic game has been the most discussed and anticipated event through out beijing ever since beijing bid for it years ago.yet the focus has shifted from making a promise to making good a promise after beijing’s successful bid.in my opinion, to bridge the gap between a promise and reality, beijing still has a long way to go.here are some of my ideas on how to fill that gap.首先，在所有亟待解决的问题中，跨越英语口语这一难关至关重要。学会一门语言的关键在于坚持不懈。我们到能不能做到让大多数国人在2014年到来

之前都学会说英语？这一问题需要我们不断努力和尝试。

first, the speaking of english is far most important than all other difficulties.learning a language takes a long time and a lot of heart ship, it’s not easy.so can we get most of chinese to speak english before 2014? it needs us to try and practice very hard.其次，交通拥挤一直是困扰北京的老大难问题。一辆接一辆车连在一起构成的汽车长龙加之它们不断排放到空气中的黑烟这种情景早就给我们留下了深刻的印象。我相信没有一个国人愿意把北京的这一面暴露给来自世界各地的参赛队员和新闻记者，因为它会严重损坏北京的形象和声誉。所以，我们必须致力于建设绿色奥运这一目标。

second, traffic jams have been an age-old headache in beijing, the scenes of long queues of vehicles worming their way inch by inch while discharging dark

fumesinto the air had given all of us a really bad impression, and i know that none of us wish to show off that side of beijing to athletes and journalists over the world, it would blemish the city’s image and leave a bad reputation.so we have to work real hard on green olympics.还有，为了各项工作的顺利实施，一个高瞻远瞩的整体城市规划必不可少。如果时间允许，重新设计和调整北京的建筑风格会为构建北京的城市特色创造环境。把东方的精致和西方的宏伟结合在一起一定会在众多建筑风格中独树一帜。要做到以上几点，北京应该听取得来自一流建筑师的建议并作出整体规划。

thirdly, to add enchantment to convenience, an over-all city planning is indispensable.if time permits, a redesign of city layout and adjustment of architectural style would provide a better environment for

fostering the characteristics, blending oriental elegance with international grandeur, will tower a lot among surrounding architectures.to achieve such effects, beijing shall solicit opinions from first-rate architects and make an overall plan.尽管如此，要实现全世界对北京的期盼，北京还有许许多多工作要做。但我们有信心在2014年到来之前把北京建设成为一个全新的城市。巨大的变化每天都在这个城市发生，相信在不远的将来，北京将会成为全世界关注的焦点。世界相信北京，这也是北京申奥成功的原因。我们一定会抓住这次机遇并为之全力以赴。今天，我们还没有做好准备，但在2014年到来之前我们一定会准备好！

even though, beijing still has a lot to do to reach the level that the world expects, but we have the confidence to make beijing a brand new city by the year

2014.huge changes are taking places, and not far in the future, beijing will be the focus of all worlds’ attention.the world trusts beijing and that’s why beijing won the bid.we will grasp this opportunity and do our best.we are not yet ready but we will be by the year 2014.让我们一起祝福北京祝福2014年北京奥运会吧！谢谢！

let’s all wish the best for the 2014 olympic games in beijing.thanks.my dream for the beijing olympics.six years ago,mr.samaranch annouced that the beijing had won the bid for the 29th olympic games.then my only dream was to learn english well to enjoy watching the great beijing olympic events.sine then i have been working very hard at english.with the year 2014 coming however , i’m dreaming of becoming an excellent volunteer at the beijing olympic games,an emissary who is able to help to

build a bridge of friendship between china and other nations.this bridge will tell the world about both acient chinese culture and passional chinese for the beijing olympics.furthermore, i’d like to introduce something special in my hometown to the whole world such as xunwei ham , pu’er tea , the stone forest and the beautiful spring city--kunming.one world , one dream , let’s be one heart and one mind to meet in beijing next year!我的北京奥运会梦想

六年前,先生萨马兰奇宣布,北京获得申办第二十九届奥运会的资格.我唯一的梦想就是要学好英语,以观赏伟大的北京奥运盛会.必要的话,我已经很努力在英文.与2014年来,但我梦想着成为一名优秀的义工,在2014年北京奥运会的使者,一个能够帮助建立了友谊之桥中国及其他国家.这座桥将告诉全世界,无论中国古代文化和中国中国人民对北京奥运会的热

情.再次,我想着重介绍一些我的家乡特产,让整个世界都知道如宣威火腿,普洱茶,石林和美丽的春城--**.同一个世界,同一个梦想,让我们要同心同德,为迎接明年在北京!

good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen:

bidding for the olympic games, in a way, an image-creating undertaking.the first and foremost thing is to let people fall in love with the city at first sight, attracting them by its unipue image.what image does beijing intend to create for itself once it has the opportunity to host the ～ olympics?

it is known to all that the beijing municipal government has already set the theme for the future games: new beijing, great olympics.for me, the ～ olympics will be a great green olympics illuminated with two more special colors, yellow and red.first, yellow is a meaningful color.the yellow river is china’s mother river and the descendants of the yellow emperor.this color has a special origin and great significance for the chinese people.beijing is the capital of new china and previously the capital for nine dynasties in chinese history.so, yellow will naturally add splendor to the ～ games.secondly, the ～ olympics will be a red pageant.red is another traditionally cherished color for the whole country.we adore red.on big occasions, we like to decorate our homes in red.it is the color of double happiness, representing joyous moments, auspiciousness, enthusiasm and prosperity.red is one of the most suitable colors to describe the future of beijing.beijing , together with the whole country, is becoming more and more prosperous in the process of modernization.should the ～ olympics be held in beijing, the

whole city will be a sea of red : the red torch,red flags, red flowers, and the radiant faces of millions of joyful people.above all, the ～ olympics will be a green olympics.adding a green ingredient is essential in creating an appealing image, as we can’t deny the fact that beijing, at the moment, is not as green a city as what we like it to be.striving for an environmentally appealing city has become a central task for all the citizens of beijing.big efforts have been made in pollution control, replanting and beautification of the city.according to a project entitled the green olympic action plan, between 1998 and ～, beijing, we have invested 100 billion rmb in preserving and protecting the environment.some 12.5 million trees and over 1 million acres of grass will be planted along the fourth ring road.by then, the city’s green area will make up 40% of its total.the city

will also dredge its reservoirs used as a water supply to beijing residents, controlling industrial pollution and moving out the 200 factories presently located within the city proper.certainly, all of this is no easy task.but i am sure that all of us have confidence that we will realize these green goals.for now we have the full support and participation of the environmentally conscious citizens.each

citizen is showing great concern for every one of the steps the city government takes.as the saying goes, united, we stand, and a green beijing will be achieved.when our aspiration becomes a reality, it will be a unique olympics.new beijing, great olympics;will be weaved of these three superb colors: yellow, red and green.let us welcome it and look forward to it!thank you!

i am the part of the green olympics

ladies and gentlemen:

good morning!

today, my speech is “i am the part of the green olympics”.”green olympics” is one of the three themes of beijing 2014 olympic games.therefore the beijing government had made a great effort in order to protect the environment, build more “green project”, keep the ecological balance, push the recycling economy, and protect the water resource.but if only the government take the action to realize the green olympics in 2014, its not enough.as a beijing high school student, we should play an active role in the actions aimed at the realization of green olympics.so we should start it from ourselves, our family, our friends and other people around us.in 2014, in the moscow world trade center, when the former chairman of the

international olympic committee, samaranch had said: “beijing, china!” as a beijing citizen, as a chinese, i had a great joy for my city, for my home country from the bottom of my heart!but after the excitement that beijing had been succeed in the race to host the olympic game in 2014.i started to worry about the dusty air, the sandstorm, the polluted rivers and lakes;the streets without any green and whether we could successfully host the olympic games in 2014.four years later, today, we can see 229 day blue sky in one year, we can hardly catch a glimpse of the sandstorm, groups of wild duck comes back to shishahai lake in the spring, and all the streets are dressed in green.all these make me deeply believe that beijing will surely succeed in 2014!and all these achievements are not only the result that made by the beijing government, but also

by the 14 millions beijing citizens.as one of the 14 millions normal citizens, i am also adding my contribution to our green olympic!

i used to have a habit, which is to take two longtime showers every day.it was a big waste of water.one day, i saw a piece of news in beijing daily that about the lack of the beijing water resource.its said every year beijing use up about 3.7 billions cubic meter of water.but miyun reservoir only contains 0.77 billions cubic meter of water, and guanting reservoir only contains 0.19 billion cubic meter of water.this shows we are really short of water now!after reading this news, i start to change my habit, and only take one quick shower each day.i have calculated that if everyone economizes one cubic meter of water during they are taking the shower in a month;the beijing citizens will economize 14 million cubic meter of water

in only one month!in 2014, as the beijing irrigation apartment reported that since 2014 beijing has succeeded in the application of hosting the olympic game in 2014.beijing government had started 26 programs in order to economize the water resource.after 3 years doing this, these programs have saved 0.437 billions cubic meter of water.its as big as a four-sized huairou reservoir!and now, in my daily life, in my family, we always think about protecting the environment and saving the resource whenever we doing what.the batteries, the aged newspapers, the empty glass bottles and all the recyclable garbage, we will classify them then put them in different trash cans;we make the most use of the nature light and shut off the electrical light conveniently;and when we shopping, we will bring a nylon bag with us instead of plastic bags;during the feast, i do not send any card in order to protect

the forest resource;after washing the clothes, we wont dump the used water but use it to flash the toilet… all in all, we should start from every little thing around us to truly realize the “green olympic”.演讲的题目是”绿色奥运我参与”。

绿色奥运是北京2014年奥运会的三大理念之一。为此北京市政府无论是在环境的治理、绿化的建设、生态的保护、循环经济和水资源的保护与利用，都做了大量的工作。但实现”绿色奥运”仅仅靠政府行为是远远不够的，作为北京的中学生更应该积极的投身到”绿色奥运”的建设与宣传当中去。从我做起，从我的家庭做起，从我身边的朋友、同学做起。

2014年，当前国际奥委会主席萨马兰奇在莫斯科高声宣读：”beijing，china”的时候，作为一个北京人，一个中国人，我发自心底的为我们的祖国，我们的首都感到高兴。但在高兴之余，那灰蒙蒙的天空，那漫天的沙尘暴，那污

绿的护城河，那见不到一丝绿色的街道，又使我深为北京能否在2014年成功办好奥运而感到担心。

四年之后的今天，一年之中有了229天湛蓝的天空，那滚滚的黄尘也早已不见，那一群群久违的野鸭也在春天飞回了北京的什刹海，街道也被绿色装点的生机勃勃。这一切不知不觉的变化都在回答着我，北京一定能办好2014年的奥运！而所有这些变化不仅仅是北京市政府的努力，更是在政府领导下的无数北京市民们努力的结果。作为这一千多万普通北京市民的一员，我也在为我们的绿色奥运贡献出自己的一份力量。

以前我曾有个习惯，每天早晚冲澡两次，而且冲洗时间特别长，很浪费水。一天，我在北京日报上看到了一则关于北京水资源短缺的文章，说北京市每年用水量大概是37亿立方米，而密云水库的蓄水量仅有7.7亿立方米，官厅水库的蓄水量仅有1.9亿立方米，水资源的供需矛盾十分尖锐。看到这则报道后，我开

始改变我的习惯，每天只洗一次澡，尽量在很短的时间内洗完。我算了一笔帐，每人每月洗澡节约一吨水，北京市1400万人口将节约1400万吨水。据北京市水利局2014年统计数字表明，从2014年申办奥运成功后，开始实施市政府制定的26项节水措施，3年来节水达到4.37亿立方米，相当于4个怀柔水库。现在，在我的生活中，在我的家庭里，环保、节约的思想和行为时常都有体现。电池、报纸、玻璃瓶、油壶等可回收物，我们是分别处理、存放；购物、买菜的口袋使用尼龙口袋，基本不使用塑料袋；洗衣的水重复使用于冲洗马桶……而实现绿色奥运也正是应该从身边的这些小事做起。我们清楚的记得在2014年的雅典奥运会上，当刘翔登上领奖台时，他头上戴了一个由橄榄枝编成的头环。这绿色的橄榄枝不正是代表着”绿色奥运”吗？橄榄枝象征着和平，而奥运正是传递”和平”的载体，我们不能简单的理解”没有战争就是和平”。”人与自然和谐相

~ 26 ~

处”也是”和平”最本质的含义。”节约资源、保护环境”这种追求”人与自然和谐相处”的具体行为正是奥林匹克精神的具体体现。所以我们说：和平是奥运的灵魂，奥运是和平的载体，绿色奥运是我们从更高的境界在追求和平。当伟大的精神被”平凡”广泛的具体化以后，这种精神就被弘扬和光大了。

看来”绿色奥运”应该从点滴做起，从我做起，从我周边的人做起。弘扬奥林匹克精神，宣传绿色奥运理念，让2014北京奥运真正做到”绿色奥运”。这正是每一个爱好和平、追求和平人们的义不容辞的责任。也是我们北京中学生的一种思想境界和追求。演讲结束，谢谢大家！

~ 27 ~

2.英语演讲稿：奥运英语演讲稿 篇二

英语演讲是一种极富特色的语言形式,在西方有着悠久的历史。早在公元前5世纪左右的古希腊和罗马时期,由于这些国家的规模小而且尚以口头语言为主,人们常常以演讲和辩论的方式决定公众事务。演讲从形式上分,可谓多种多样。从政治演讲到学校里的讲座,从教堂里的传经布道到公司各部门的工作汇报,都是在运用演讲这种形式,达到交流思想的目的。随着社会的不断发展,演讲变得越来越重要。因为演讲归根结底是一个交流的过程,所以演讲者的目的不外乎是要吸引听众,让听众明白自己的意思,并使其接受自己的观点。所以现在的演讲,特别是国外的竞选演讲越来越趋于口语化,因此,演讲成了身处非英语环境的人们学习英语的极佳素材。

1 从语法上

我们对英语中的人称代词的认知是通过语法书得知:we是“我们”的意思,you—你们,they—他们。但在现实生活中这些表示群体的词到底包括哪些人呢?仅仅依靠语法书上给出的条款很难把如此琐碎的细节涵盖完整,而且即便书上罗列的很详细,在头脑中也很难有深刻的印象。但从演讲中学习就不一样了。

1.1 人称代词we的使用

(1)we用来指代一个广泛的群体,即演讲者用其指代他/她认为所有与他/她同属一类的人。这里we的用法是从语法意义上的指示功能来说的。例如:

a.America was targeted for attack because we’re the brightest beacon for freedom and opportunity in the world.(George W.Bush“Statement by the President to the Nation”)

b.Five score years ago,a great American,in whose symbolic shadow we stand today,signed the Emancipation Proclamation.(Martin Luther King“I have a dream”)

(2)we用来仅仅指代说话者和听话人在内的群体。例如:

a.Now we have the finest food and equipment,the best spirit,and the best men in the world.You know…My god,I actually pity those poor bastards we’re going up against.(George S Patton“General George S Patton’s Address to His Troops”)

b.We may have started on separate journeys but today,our paths have merged.And we are all heading toward the same destination,united and more ready than ever to win in November and to turn our country around because so much is at stake.(Hillary Clinton“Hillary Clinton’s Farewell Speech”)

(3)we用来指代不包括听话人在内的群体。

a.And I thought that was really cool,and we had a team and we put a team together and they won and they got to fly.(Randy Paush“Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams”)

b.The key partnerships we build with software developers around the world are central not only to the success of Windows but also to realizing the great possibilities that PC technology provides.(Bill Gate“Bill Gates’Keynote Speech”)

在实际应用中,人称代词we还可以用来指代不包括听众在内的群体。这时说话人往往是为了强调自己一方的立场与观点而仅仅用其指代演讲者自己以及他/她认为他/她所能代表的其他人。例如

1.2 人称代词you的使用

(1)you用来指代听话者,且仅仅是听话者。例如:

a.I want to start today by saying how grateful I am to all of you to everyone who poured your hearts and your hopes into this campaign…(Hillary Clinton“Hillary Clinton’s Farewell Speech”)

b.What Indira didn’t tell you is that this lecture series used to be called the Last Lecture.(Randy Paush“Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams”)

(2)you用来指代包括听话人在内的更广泛的群体。例如:

a.You’re young,you’re educated,and you are the very best China has to offer.My young Chinese friends,I believe in your dreams.I believe that you can achieve them,and I believe you can make a difference,a big difference.All you have to do is just make the commitment.All you have to do is create the action and commit…(Arnold Schwarzenegger“Keep Your Dreams A Speech Given BYGovernor Schwarzenegger at Tsinghua University”)

(3)you用来指代特定场合的群体。例如:

a.And this thing does parabolic arcs,and at the top of each arc you get about 25 seconds where you’re ballistic and you get about,a rough equivalent of weightlessness for about 25 seconds.(Randy Paush“Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams”)

(4)you表示一种泛指。例如:

a.If you had one last lecture to give before you died,what would it be?I thought,damn,I finally nailed the venue and they renamed it.(Randy Paush“Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams”)

3.英语演讲稿：奥运英语演讲稿 篇三

摘 要： 纵观多年来的“外研社杯”全国大学生英语演讲比赛，独立学院英语专业学生的战绩不容乐观。本文以探索独立学院英语专业学生英语演讲能力的薄弱项为切入点，有针对性地给出解决对策，指出通过恶补基础语音语法知识，加之英语阅读和英语交流的强化，以及专项系统的英语演讲训练是独立学院英语专业学生英语演讲能力提高的出路所在。

关键词： 独立学院 英语专业本科生 英语演讲能力

1.引言

英语演讲能力是英语专业学生应具备的最重要的专业技能之一。一个人的英语演讲能力与其英语口语能力和英语写作能力密切相关，但又自成体系。总体而言，相对一本、二本英语专业学生而言，独立学院英语专业学生的英语演讲能力相对较弱。

2.独立学院英语专业学生英语演讲能力一瞥

通过对100名温州大学瓯江学院英语系不同年级英语专业学生的问卷调查和半结构式访谈两种形式，以及近年来“外研社杯”全国大学生英语演讲比赛全国赛获奖学生的身份，笔者发现独立学院英语专业学生英语演讲能力普遍处于弱势地位。调查发现，很多英语专业学生缺乏演讲方面的锻炼，在半结构式访谈中，多数学生的英语表达会由于紧张、不自信等心理因素或是对话题不了解及不能深度评述话题导致表达不够流畅。同时这种演讲能力的不足体现在教学中回答问题的逻辑性不够和思考力的深度不够。

2.1独立学院英语专业学生的英语语音语调基础较差

很多独立学院学生未系统学过或未完全掌握国际音标的读音、单词拼读原则，以及与国际音标相关的音节、重音、失去爆破、弱读、连读、名词复数、部分动词过去分词与过去式的读音要领等，从而阻碍其英语口语能力的提升。此外，某些独立学院的英语专业学生会因不自信开口说英语，甚至产生消极不愿学音标的念头，认为只需要把笔头能力提高就能胜人一筹。在这些负面情绪的影响下，很难对语音语调的学习建立信心，反而会产生恶性循环。其实不管多晚，都是学习英语口语的好时机。

2.2独立学院英语专业学生的英语语法基础较薄弱

受重“英语听说”而忽略“读写”教学模式的影响，很多独立学院英语专业学生的英语语法极其薄弱，很多学生连最基本的时态、人称、主谓一致、句型结构知识都没有，无法根据要求对某一话题展开符合英语口语表达的个人陈述。其根本原因在于考生的高考成绩决定其基础水平，每个阶段的英语学习的积累让独立学院英语专业学生的语法知识相较于其他一本、二本院校的英语专业学生而言是短板，因此，教师在教学进度和教学任务的安排上也会受到限制。

从情理上说，在知道自身语法基础薄弱的前提下，加强自主学习，主动补上短板是行之有效的办法，但是很少有独立学院的学生切实关注到这一点。

2.3被忽略的第二课堂英语演讲训练

由于英语语言基础弱、缺乏信心与动力及学风不旺等原因，独立学院英语专业学生普遍忽略了在第二课堂中提高自身英语演讲能力的训练。温州大学瓯江学院的2009级和2010级英语专业学生的第二课堂学习做得非常不理想，只有不到1%的学生表示他们经常与外籍教师和国际留学生用英语交流，没有一个学生坚持写英语日记，大约3%的学生经常收听VOA或BBC的英语广播节目，不到0.5%的学生订阅英文报刊，大约2%的学生在进大学后的两年里读了一本英语原著小说，没有一个学生经常用英语写邮件和在QQ聊天工具上与人用英语交流[1]。

当我们把英语演讲放在舞台上，这就是一个人英语综合能力和各方面素质的综合体现，套用一句中国古话，那就是：台上一分钟，台下十年功。这句话虽然夸张了台下的努力，但是我们不能否定台上的无比自然、自信的演讲需要台下无比刻苦地付出练习。对于英语演讲的台下练习，在此称之为第二课堂英语演讲训练，其中包括自我训练（不断强化写作能力、模仿著名演讲以感受名人演讲的真谛、不断提高口语表达能力）和互动训练（寻找英语口语训练伙伴、参加英语角不断增加在公共场合发表意见的次数、在师长面前不断模拟演讲场景以改进舞台发挥的不足）。这两方面的练习都需要学生有强烈的提高演讲能力的渴望，从而合理安排学习时间，使得自己该领域的才华得以培养。但很可惜的是，大部分独立学院英语专业的学生没有这样的意识，浪费在大学期间学习英语的好资源。

3.提高独立学院英语专业学生的英语演讲能力之我见

针对独立学院英语专业学生的英语演讲能力普遍较弱的现实，笔者认为可以从以下几个方面开展针对性的训练。

3.1恶补国际音标及其相关知识

这里笔者建议的国际音标的学习就像是楼房的地基、火车运行的铁轨、机械手表里的发条，因为有了国际音标的储备，在开口说英语时就有了稳固的基础，在表达思想时就有通畅的语感，在自学外语的道路上就有无限的动力。说到系统地学习国际音标，很多学生会苦恼无从下手，觉得音标不是自己能完成的任务。但笔者的建议是，既然大家都知道“一口吃不成胖子”的道理，那么音标的学习就需要日积月累。

如果你了解运动，想要练就当下时尚的马甲线或者人鱼线的话，那么腹部肌肉的锻炼当然是必不可少的。在锻炼腹肌的过程中，每天的力量练习刺激腹肌肌群的生长，再加之合理科学的饮食管理，才有可能在未来的某一天实现完美腹肌的目标。国际音标的练习和马甲、人鱼线的练习极其相似，想要说出一口漂亮英语，离不开标准和到位的音标发音，想要脱口而出发音到位的音标，离不开一腔训练有素的口腔肌肉。在健身过程中，健身人士需要注意饮食搭配，践行“三分靠练，七分靠吃”的原则。在练习国际音标时，也有对应的“饮食搭配”，即语调和地道英语表达的搭配。

在口腔肌肉的练习过程中，若是有效地掌握对应音标的口型大小和舌头在口腔中的位置，对日后脱口而出“标准音标”和一口漂亮口语是有莫大帮助的。现在把口型和舌位的练习之于音标练习的作用比作调味品之于一道佳肴美味，那么每次练习的速度就犹如人们常说的火候。不同的练习速度，对大脑皮层语言区的刺激是不同的，正所谓火候会影响一道菜的口感。在初练口语时以最缓慢的速度说完，因为慢速给到大脑对新事物一个缓冲和记忆的过程，不仅需要记忆该部分汉英意思，还需要深刻记忆口型的大小和舌头在口腔中的位置，以便在练习速度增加后，不至于因为紧张或是忘记发音而语无伦次。慢速练习过后，可以尝试用正常语速还原练习部分，这一步骤就是对慢速时候能否掌握发音要点的自我考核。最后一个冲刺练习口腔肌肉的部分是需要以最快速度脱口而出，这一部分对口腔肌肉的刺激是最有效的，因为此时高速正确的发音能不断地高强度刺激口腔肌肉的形成，就像练马甲线一样，不断地有效练习之后，肌肉总是会朝着理想肌群发展，届时练习者的英语发音将出现一个质的飞跃。

上述提到的“饮食搭配”包含语调的练习和地道英语表达的积累。英语语调的练习离不开模仿，不断地模仿以致和原音频不断接近。多数练习者会把自己的声音录下来和原音频做对比，这是在没有专业指导老师在身边时较常用的办法。地道英语表达获得的途径就更加道广路长。最基本的积累途径是通过当下的教科书，以及和教科书配套的知识教材，可以通过影视作品学习英语国家人们的表达方式。此外，与外国友人交朋友也可以帮助英语学习者不断地尝试把学到的表达应用出来，同时增加自己对英语思维的运用。

3.2恶补英语语法知识

非英语国家英语学习者在接触英语语言学习之前并没有一段时间集中的、高强度的英语输入，这导致我们的大脑需要把英文翻译成中文，再由中文翻译成英文，最后把英文说出来。在这个过程中，要是没有语法基础，说出口的英文就会像“乱码”的信息，让人摸不透意思，这使得英语语法学习变得格外重要。

语法学习特别锻炼一个人的思维理解能力和整理东西的能力。如何整理东西的能力呢？因为不同的语法点会有不同的结构和自身特点，而在语言交流的过程中，肯定不止一个语法点的运用，这就需要英语学习者在大脑中要有一个整理规划语法点的地图，一般称之为思维导图，思维导图可以很清晰地呈现不同的语法点之间的关系，以及语法点的含义与构成。

以上是学习英语语法的一个概况，具体如何实施才能把一门陌生的外语语法运用得炉火纯青呢？还是要不断地练习。俗话说得好：Practice makes perfect.（熟能生巧。）这句话能够给语言学习者以强大的动力，特别是学习没有动力或是没有明显进步时，更加体现熟能生巧的意义，虽然一次练习并不能看到改变，其实每次有效练习都在积少成多，总有“鲤鱼跃龙门”的那一刻。

3.3参加英语角

或许一提到英语口语学习，大部分读者都会意识到英语角的重要性，但在现实生活中，“知道”与“做到”就差那么一点点。许多学生会抱怨英语角的活时间与自己已参加的某项活动有冲突，便放弃英语角。这一现象常出现在三本院校，就以温州大学瓯江学院社团分配为例，60%是娱乐型社团，35%是竞技类社团，只有5%是学术社团。从社团比例分配可窥见瓯江学院学生的课余生活导向，这是直接导致英语角作为学术性质出现的组织形式在三本院校会出现参与度不高的情况的原因。笔者建议要改变这一现象的根本是让学生意识到英语口语、演讲能力的具备在社会上是可以有用武之地的。其次，建议在校英语教师一视同仁，即使成绩受限的三本院校的学生，但在英语口语、演讲上依然可以是可塑之才。所以对学生发展最有帮助的是积极肯定学生的英语学习，不断发现学生独特闪光点，以及不断地为学生创新施展才华的机会并给予有效的指导。在此，笔者特此鸣谢温州大学瓯江学院副教授刘征兵老师，是他的不断肯定和鼓励，让笔者在演讲的道路上不断绽放，遇见可以变得优秀的自己。

3.4与英美人交朋友

对于和外国友人交朋友这一点，包括笔者在内的身边英语口语及演讲能力不错的朋友都受益匪浅。笔者在2016年7月中旬参加了APEC Future voice亚太经合组织未来之声全国决赛的选拔赛，获得了三等奖的成绩。在此期间，遇到不少优秀演讲者。当时在和来自重庆师范大学、西安翻译学院、外交学院、北京大学、清华大学的优秀选手作交流时，大家都认可一个必不可少的英语学习习惯——交朋友，并幽默地称“身边的朋友可以组成一个联合国”。这再一次印证了一位哲人说过的话：存在即合理。与以英语为母语的朋友进行交流，定会激发英语学习者大脑中的英语思维，调动习得的英语词汇和表达运用在交流过程中。就是不断重复这样的过程，才能真正地帮助到英语学习者脱口而出的英语是无限接近于英美国家的正常交流会话。演讲是同时对三人及以上人群交流会话的过程，所以只要对自己有帮助的学习办法都可以尝试，多给自己几次开口说英语的机会。

3.5阅读英文报刊和新闻

南京师范大学外国语学院副教授对全国英语演讲大赛获奖选手的评价中提到审题、思辨与知识储备及公众交流意识等方面的不足，在大学生中普遍存在，特别是审辩性思维能力的薄弱[2]。读报看新闻最重要的是培养当代青年的世界观和价值观，读英文版本可以帮助我们了解外国资深人士对某问题的独到见解和逻辑思维。在日积月累的知识输入后，大脑自然会合成自己的看法和思路，然后通过发表个人观点的形式表达。由此看来，阅读英语报刊和新闻对自我观点的形成和申辩性思维能力的培养是相当有帮助的。

3.6观看近年来的各种英语演讲视频

通过观看近年来“外研社杯”全国大学生英语演讲比赛全国赛获奖学生的演讲视频、北京大学和清华大学辩论赛决赛视频、美国总统演讲视频，可帮助提升独立学院英语专业学生的英语演讲技巧和人文关怀。

3.7开展专题演讲训练

以上所列举的为英语学习的口语训练和综合素质养成，这二者的完美结合能帮助演讲者呈现一场观点清晰、思路流畅、能引起听众共鸣的成功演讲。那么这里建议的开展专题演讲训练即如何完美结合训练有成的漂亮口语发音和已养成的综合素质。步骤一：创作演讲稿：拟定一篇主题鲜明、观点清晰、思路流畅的演讲稿，不断地修改演讲稿直至不能再修改一句为止；步骤二：背诵演讲稿：利用短暂记忆在一两个工作日脱稿背出自己的演讲稿，并在接下来一周内利用零碎时间不断重复背诵，直到可以不用思考便快速背出；步骤三：演绎演讲稿：建议在1至3名观众面前演绎自己的演讲稿，不断让观众提出建设性意见，最后在指导老师或是有经验的优秀演讲者面前演绎并录下视频，根据对方提的有效意见，再进行练习改进，这样重复直至真正上台演讲。在此之后，还可以经常尝试即兴演讲，这其中即兴发挥的刺激与挑战定能激发学生对演讲的热情和动力。

4.结语

英语演讲能力的提高或者说英语演讲实力的蜕变不是一蹴而就的美差，没有付出时间和精力，漂亮发音需要的口腔肌肉是难以形成的；没有大量写作练习的积累，有条理性的、有共鸣的演讲稿是很难以从笔头自然流淌的；没有日复一日地台下操练，台上泰然自若的豪情演讲是不能战胜紧张怯场的情绪的。此文借鉴多方学者的学习和教学经验，望能真切帮助需要提高英语演讲能力的独立学院英语专业学生及英语演讲爱好者们。

参考文献：

[1]刘正兵.提高独立学院“英语专业四级考试”通过率之我见——以温州大学瓯江学院为例[J].海外英语，2014（6）：124-127.

[2]田朝霞.大学生英语演讲能力培养中的问题与对策——从Peter Pober教授对全国英语演讲大赛选手的点评谈起[J].中国大学教学，2015（8）：62-68.

4.绿色奥运英语演讲稿 篇四

good morning!

Today, my speech is “I am the part of the Green Olympics”.“Green Olympics” is one of the Three Themes of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.Therefore the Beijing government had made a great effort in order to protect the environment, build more “Green project”, keep the ecological balance, push the recycling economy, and protect the water resource.But if only the government take the action to realize the Green Olympics in 2008, its not enough.As a Beijing high school student, we should play an active role in the actions aimed at the realization of Green Olympics.So we should start it from ourselves, our family, our friends and other people around us.In 2001, in the Moscow world trade center, when the former chairman of the International Olympic Committee, Samaranch had said: “Beijing, China!” As a Beijing citizen, as a Chinese, I had a great joy for my city, for my home country from the bottom of my heart!But after the excitement that Beijing had been succeed in the race to host the Olympic Game in 2008.I started to worry about the dusty air, the sandstorm, the polluted rivers and lakes;the streets without any green and whether we could successfully host the Olympic Games in 2008.Four years later, today, we can see 229 day blue sky in one year, we can hardly catch a glimpse of the sandstorm, groups of wild duck comes back to Shishahai Lake in the spring, and all the streets are dressed in green.All these make me deeply believe that Beijing will surely succeed in 2008!And all these achievements are not only the result that made by the Beijing government, but also by the 14 millions Beijing citizens.As one of the 14 millions normal citizens, I am also adding my contribution to our Green Olympic!

5.小学生英语奥运演讲稿 篇五

In 2008, I will be 9 years old.Many people might say: You are too young to do anything for the Games, but I don’t think so.I am sure I can do a lot for the event.First, I have the duty to keep our city clean and tidy.I will neither litter nor spit on streets.When I see any waste, I will pick it up and put it into the dustbin.If everybody in Beijing does the same thing, foreign visitors will see a beautiful and clean city.Next, if I am lucky to go and watch the games on the spot, I will cheer for the players from all over the world.Last, I hope everybody will smile at foreign visitors.Smile is the best card for Beijing, foreign visitors will feel at home here.“One world, one dream!” Let’s work together to let the dream of Olympic Games come true!Welcome to Beijing!Welcome to China!From：sjbslq.com/amylc/ sjbgj8.com/dfylc/ sjbzbba.com/dfty/ sjbdgrm.com/wnsrylc/ sjbdgrm.com/df888ylc/

6.英语演讲稿：奥运英语演讲稿 篇六

A universal meeting of young people from throughout the world

We all look forward to the first Olympic Games in China next August. We all look forward to sharing the unique celebration that China and Beijing will stage for “One World, One Dream”，

I should like to pay tribute to the new initiative of Civilization Magazine in publishing, not only in English and French, but also for the first time in Chinese, the manuscript of the “Olympic Manifesto” by Pierre de Coubertin, thus reminding us what the Olympic Games are all about and disseminating the Olympic ideals and values of friendship, peace and universality among the Chinese people and the people from all over the world。

The following pages will undoubtedly help us to know and understand even better how the visions and ideas of the young Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin still remain relevant today. This book is a tribute to the man who, on the evening of 25 November 1892, launched his idea of reviving the Olympic Games, which the Greeks had instituted in 776 B.C. and ended in 392 A.D，

On 23 June 1894, in the great amphitheatre of the Sorbonne in Paris, Pierre de Coubertin succeeded in meeting a global challenge by gaining the approval of the participants in the International Congress for the revival of the Olympic Games and the creation of the International Olympic Committee as well as the organisation of the first Games in 1896 in Athens, Greece, the birthplace of Olympism。

I would like once again to congratulate Civilization Magazine for this commendable project and an authentic document of great value, thus illustrating the essence of the Olympic Games: a universal meeting of young people from throughout the world, with the same goal and the same enthusiasm。

As Coubertin said: “humanity must draw from the heritage of the past all the strengths that can be used to build the future. Olympism is one of those.”

By Juan Antonio Samaranch

7.英语演讲稿：奥运英语演讲稿 篇七

一独立学院英语专业口语教学存在的问题

1. 独立学院英语专业学生英语基础知识较差

独立学院英语专业的学生和二本英语专业的学生比较而言, 高考录取分数线低了30~40分。英语知识的系统性较差, 在听说读写译等方面还存在一定的薄弱环节。学生本身的素质差是构成学生口语难以提高的一个根本原因。

2. 英语口语教学计划与教学方法没有体现独立学院的特色

由于独立学院是一种新生产物, 教学目标与定位不明确, 教师教学时没有把适合独立学院学生特点的教学方法带到课堂中。教师教学还是采用与一本、二本同样的教材以及教学方法, 教师在进行口语教学时缺乏趣味性, 一些学生不愿开口练习, 这就难以提高他们的口语能力。

3. 教师队伍层次不齐

“大学不在于大楼而在于大师”。独立学院有“大楼”, 很少有“大师”。独立学院英语口语老师有一部分是来自母体学校, 有一部分是刚刚毕业的硕士毕业生, 有一部分是外教。独立学院的学生, 个性强烈、自我意识强, 但团队合作意识差, 在学习上遇到困难容易退缩, 对自我要求较低。对于具有自身鲜明特点的独立学院的学生来说, 无论是母体学校的教授还是刚毕业的硕士或外教, 他们还不能很好地因材施教。独立学院的学生需要教师更多的情感上的关怀。

针对独立学院学生的特点以及现存的英语口语教学问题, 如何通过英语演讲来提高独立学院英语专业学生的口语能力, 笔者提出以下建议。

二英语口语教学与英语演讲

1. 英语演讲在英语专业口语课堂上的教学

第一, 选择实用性强、趣味性强的教材, 并加强英语基础知识的学习。教材的选用非常重要, 难易度适中, 才能让独立学院英语专业的学生在课堂中学到一些关键的表达方法, 又要有趣味, 与社会的需求相关联, 这样才能调动学生们学习的积极性。第二, 制定具有独立学院特色的英语口语教学计划。独立学院培养的学生主要是实用型的人才, 不是研究型的人才。在制订教学计划时, 要明确英语口语教学的目标是培养交际能力。教师在教学时要教授学生如何大胆、完整、自如、有逻辑地表达自己观点。学会用英语思维, 学会用英语雄辩地说服他人。第三, 把英语演讲贯穿于英语口语课堂中。演讲主题与演讲形式先易后难。对于大一、大二年级的学生, 进行简短演讲练习, 每次上课之前教师给出演讲题目让学生们自己准备, 教师进行十分钟的课堂辅导。让学生自愿或按照学号轮流登台演讲。演讲主题可选择与社会热点相关联或与课本主题一致。学生演讲后, 先由同学从逻辑性与词汇使用等情况进行自由评论。之后教师给出参考答案, 并且让学生掌握关键词汇。最初学生们可能会遇到一些困难, 此时教师要从情感上对学生进行关怀, 鼓励引导学生。对于大三、大四年级的学生进行即兴演讲。经过大一、大二的口语演讲训练, 学生们对演讲技巧与词汇量已有一定的积累, 演讲之后教师还可进行一定的提问。第四, 选择地道的英美籍教师做英语口语教师。学生进行演讲必须具备良好的英语口语表达能力, 其中, 语音语调是演讲中最直接的因素, 直接影响信息的传达, 演讲稿再好, 发音不准, 重音失误, 语调偏差, 就会使演讲效果流失, 演讲目的达不到, 最后导致演讲失败, 无论是“外研社杯”, 还是“21世纪杯”全国英语演讲比赛, 给观众的第一深刻印象的是演讲人的语音语调。通过外籍教师进行演讲训练可帮助学生认识到正确的语音语调。在课堂中学生们会不知不觉地模仿外教的发音, 从而讲出一口地道的英语。

2. 开展丰富多彩的第二课堂

第一, 举行演讲比赛。很多大学生都有学好英语的梦想, 很多学生也付出了大量的心血, 但真正学好用好的学生还是凤毛麟角。如果广大的大学生能有一些好的学习榜样, 看到同龄人或同校的校友能说非常流利的英语, 能用英语自由地表达自己的思想, 自然会下决心努力学习, 有一天也能赶上甚至超过这些参加比赛的同学。在演讲比赛的过程中穿插英语歌曲演唱表演, 电影配音表演, 英语戏剧表演。榜样的示范作用和带动作用是巨大的, 大学生英语演讲比赛可以成功的为广大的大学生树立好的学习榜样, 大大增加学生的学习动力。第二, 进行欧美之旅。让有条件的同学在寒、暑假走出国门, 到英美等国家实地旅游或做兼职, 从而融入当地社会、了解当地的文化、与地道的美国人或英国人交流。俗话说“读万卷书, 行万里路”, 也可说“行万里路, 读万卷书”。第三, 举行各种英语Party。让没有条件出国的学生, 通过举行邀请外教参加的圣诞晚会和各种聚会来了解英美文化。

8.英语演讲中的诉诸艺术 篇八

关键词：修辞；诉诸；演讲

［中图分类号］H315

［文献标识码］A

［文章编号］1006-2831(2007) 11-0051-6

Abstract: This paper attempts to analyze the significant role that rational appeal, emotional appeal and ethical appeal play in the English speeches in the light of Aristotle’s rhetoric theory. These three appeals serve to achieve the ultimate goal of strengthening the persuasive force of the speakers who aim to inform, and to persuade. The sample data has been collected from some prize-winning speeches and classic speeches in history in addition to my speech draft in nationwide English speech competition. The sample analyses testify to my conclusion that rational appeal, emotional appeal, and ethical appeal are very important part of successful public speaking; used creatively they can help to establish the credibility of the speaker, arouse the desired emotions in the audience and get them around to accept the speaker’s way of reasoning and eventually identity the speaker with the audience. This paper has the practical purpose of offering some guidance in theory and practice to students interested in public speaking, an important skill in modern society.

Key words: rhetoric, appeal, speech

1．引言

公共演讲的历史可以追溯到公元前五世纪，在古希腊的体制下，当时公民不得不在法庭上为自己辩护。接下来的几百年里，一批对语言的力量和修辞感兴趣的哲学家成为了最早的一批修辞学家。他们中的大多数认为研究修辞能够提高演讲的效力。其中最著名的要数亚里士多德，他认为修辞实际上首先关注的是话语语篇，即口头表达的最初形式。根据这一理论，修辞被定义为发现对任意主题的劝说手段的艺术。换而言之，修辞首先是劝说的艺术。当代修辞理论比以前覆盖的研究领域更广，但劝说的概念仍是当代修辞理论的基石。从功能的角度划分，英语演讲可以分为三类：事实演讲、价值演讲和政策演讲。这三类演讲的目的是告知或是劝说。即使是告知性演讲，演说者往往想证明某些证据是真实的，而其它证据是不可信的。除了这三种基本的类型之外，还有纪念演讲，比如总统就职演说、受奖感言、餐后演说。这些演讲是用于表扬、表达感激和娱乐的。

但是，无论是哪一种演讲，目的都是劝说。毫无疑问，成功的演讲是由很多因素决定的，如话题、内容、结构、语言和表达等。所有这些因素都是相互联系，不可分割的。所有这些都可以从亚里士多德提出的理性诉诸、道德诉诸和情感诉诸的角度审视和分析。因为劝说是目的，结构、内容、语言和表达都是为了加强三诉诸，最终达到劝说的目的。本文通过选取各种演讲例子，论述有效的诉诸在成功的演讲中的作用。笔者认为研究三诉诸的创造性使用，并分析一些有效的实例，是对劝说性演讲实证研究的最有效的方式。这种方法与亚里士多德观察、分析、提出原则的传统是一致的，能指导有效的演讲。

2．理性诉诸

理性诉诸就是利用逻辑和证据来说明某一观点。利用理性诉诸，演讲者诉诸听众的理智和理解。

一般说来，理性诉诸（逻辑诉诸）需要强有力的论据。因此，演讲者应寻求证据（事实、数据、个人经历、专家权威、访谈、观众、轶事）。具体的例子能有效地阐述观点、概念和立场。这是因为生动而活泼的例子能影响听众的信念和行为。没有例子的思想是模糊的、无生气的、枯燥的；但有了恰当的例子，思想就变得具体、生动和有趣。

在第八届“21世纪杯”英语演讲赛中，来自北京语言大学的胡雪举了下面的例子说明环境污染给旅游景点造成的严重威胁：“The Fragrant Hill in the western suburb of Beijing is now almost bereft of birds because of human interference, and it is sometimes parodied as ‘Nasty Hill’ because of the unpleasant smell coming from the chimneys of roadside restaurants.”这个例子更有效地说明人类随意的行为破坏了美丽的香山。

在第九届“21世纪杯”英语演讲赛中，来自外交学院的范舒爽讲述了她在课堂上听到的一个故事：“Once, an important business negotiation was held in Shanghai. And the two parties were meeting for the first time. Unfortunately, when the two representatives first shook hands, one gentleman failed to make eye contact, distracted instead by cameras televising the event. It is not surprising that they have done no business since that meeting.”通过讲这个故事，她强调交际技巧在商业交往中非常重要。

如果例子能配上数据，那么例子将能更有效地说明事件发生的频率。列举数据也为了说明某些问题不是偶然的，而是反映了一个模式，特别是问题的一定的范围、一定的大小。

下面的演讲选自1999年国际英语演讲赛中南非选手Nicholas Marais的演讲。他用数据表明英语这门语言在新千年如何重要，如何普遍：“Time magazine recently suggested that by the turn of the millennium, English will be the lingua franca for one quarter of the world’s population. Already today sixty percent of the world’s television and radio broadcasts are produced and delivered in English. Seventy percent of the world’s mail addressed in English.”通过引用著名的《时代》周刊上的数据，这位选手有效地说明了英语作为一门国际语言的重要性和普遍性。

同样，美国前总统尼克松在北京对外经贸大学的演讲中列举了一串数据：“In 1972, there were no Americans as tourists in the P.R.C; last year there were over 100,000. In 1972, there were no students from the P.R.C. studying in the United States; last year there were over 12,000. In 1972, there was no trade between the two countries; last year trade went over six billion dollars.”这些数据有力地说明中美两国在建立合作关系方面前景广阔。

如果演讲者并非某一话题的专家，或是话题极具争议，专家的话就极为有用；也可以用同龄人的话——也就是普通人而不是名人的话。比如，如果演讲是关于盲人遇到的困难，引用盲人自己的话是最有效的，因为专家的观点非常有限。名言常用于加强道德诉诸，这一点将在第四节详述。

理性诉诸另一个主要的部分就是讲道理，如果同时能结合例子、数据和名言就能加强演讲者的说服力。好的演讲者应该有力地讲道理，但更重要的是让听众接受演讲者的说理方式。演讲者可以从具体的事件说理，也可以从一般的原则说理。此外，演讲者也可以用“causal reasoning or analogical reasoning”。但不论用哪种说理方式，演讲者应该避免fallacies。

比如，丘吉尔在针对希特勒侵占苏联的演讲中使用了the process of reasoning from principle。下面是他说理的压缩结构。大前提：“Anyone who fights against Hitler is our friend and anyone who allies with Hitler is our enemy.”。小前提：“Russia is fighting Hitler despite it being a communist country.”。结论：“Therefore, our policy is to support Russia.”。在演讲中，说理的步骤是清晰明了的，但说理的过程应该清楚。

理性诉诸常用在价值和政策问题的演讲。在价值问题的演讲中，演讲者必须说明某些概念、思想或行为是对还是错，有道德的还是不道德的，有价值的还是没有价值的，重要的还是不重要的。在政策问题演讲中，演讲者必须指出基于价值判断的一个问题，并提出解决方案。

3．情感诉诸

顾名思义，情感诉诸就是触动听众的情感，用动人的语言和生动的例子打动听众。

亚里士多德认为：尽管人本质是一个理性的动物，但却常常受情绪的影响接受事物。Stephen E. Lucas教授(2004)在《公共演讲的艺术》一书中写道，词语是演讲者的工具。语言的使用有三个方面：准确、清楚、生动。准确和清楚是告知演讲必不可少的，但生动是劝说演讲的有力工具。达到生动和激起听众的情绪有两个重要的方法——用形象的词语以及比喻性或有韵律的语言。

形象的词语往往是具体词语。具体词可引发视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和味觉。

下面是来自国际关系学院陈冀佳的演讲。当他说到参加研究生考试辅导班的课时，他说：“Almost 15,000 students were sitting in a huge classroom, listening, taking notes or sleeping. The smell of books, dust and sweat, the buzz of handsets, the rustles of pens and the whispers of the listeners, intermingled with the lecturer’s over-amplified voice echoing in the stuffy, crowded and un-air-conditioned room. All this brought nothing but dizziness and suffocation.” 这些具体词引起人们的视觉和听觉，感觉和情绪能把听众带入演讲中。

比喻性或有韵律的语言包括明喻、暗喻，即用“like”或“as”比较两个本质上不同但有相同之处的事物。下面是著名的Martin Luther King, Jr.的演讲I Have A Dream：This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end night of their captivity. 这些明喻表达了他希望黑人能得到真正的平等相待，并最终有一天能得到解放。

下面是山东大学苗婧的演讲：“Thanks to the expanded enrollment, we can say goodbye to those days when going to college was like passing over a narrow bridge, with only a few, a very few, able to make it to the other side.”这个明喻生动地描述了大学录取的残酷竞争。

暗喻，指的是用“like”或“as”比较两个本质上不同但有相同之处的事物。