虚拟语气教案1

虚拟语气教案1（4篇）

1.虚拟语气教案1 篇一

英语教案范例（编写：房新霞）Unit 1 What would you do?

一． 教材分析

本单元选取了学生平日生活中经常出想的一些假设的情况，用一些非常熟悉的场景进行相应的训练。虚拟语气对学生来说是个全新的语法，掌握好虚拟语气的用法关系到整个第一单元的学习。所以虚拟语气的掌握对本单元的学习起着重要的作用。要通过多层面的展示让学生提高听、说、读、写的水平。二． 学情分析

初四的学生经过四年的学习掌握了一定的基础知识，本单元的内容对他们来说不是很难，而且本单元的内容是一些虚构的东西让他们感到很新鲜，并且非常贴近生活，让学生感到亲切、真实，让他们从不同的角度去理解问题，增加学生的情感，让他们把所学到的知识运用到日常生活中。三． 教学目标

1.通过本单元的学习会谈论一些假设的、虚拟的情况。2.通过本单元的学习达到如何使用虚拟语气局提出建议的目标。

3.学会表示与现在情况相反的虚拟语气。4.学会用虚拟语气表述自己还没有实现的愿望。四． 教学重点、难点 1.重点词语：million, pimple, energetic, confident, tie, medical research

2.学会运用表示现在与将来情况的虚拟条件句 If+主语+动词的过去式，主语+would+动词原形

3.语言结构：If I were you, I would take a shower at first.If I had time, I would certainly go.五． 教学准备

利用多媒体设备，通过图片展示练习听说读写，培养学生直接用英语理解、表达和思维的能力。安排适量的练习，让学生当堂消化。

六． 教学过程

Step 1 Warming up

1.Ask some questions about everyday life, such as “How was your vacation?” “What kind of sports do you like?” 2.Review the new words we learned yesterday.Step 2 Study the new language

1.ask two questions and ask some students to answer a.Do you love money? Do you want to have a lot of money? b.If you had a lot of money, what would you do?

I’d „ The students may give many different answers.Then let’s listen and do 1b.Listen and number the pictures(1-4)in the order they

hear.And then ask some questions about the material.T: What did the old man do if he had a million dollars? S: He would„

T: What did the first boy do if he had a million dollars? S: He would„

T: Why would he second girl put the money in the bank? S: Because she’d „

T: Why would the second boy give the money to the medical research?

S: Because he’d„

Then make conversation according to 1a and 1b.What would you do if you had a million dollars?

通过这一对话练习，让学生有勤俭节约的习惯，要有爱心，把自己的钱用来帮助那些需要帮助的人，教会学生乐于助人。

Step 3 Practice（Listening 2a and 2b）

First explain the picture : The boy is going to somewhere and he is feeling a little nervous.His sister is telling him what to wear.Then listen and answer why Larry is nervous and circle the reason.Next listen and do 2b: listen again.Check the four things Larry’s sister says to him.Ask some questions according to 2a and 2b.T: Where is Larry going ?

S: He’s going to Tom’s party.T: Why is he nervous ?

S: Because he doesn’t know what to wear?

T: What else does he worry about” S: He worries about the present.T: Does his sister give him some advice? S: Yes．

Step 4 Production（pair work）

排忧解难。设置情境让学生提供合理的建议。

1.I’m really hard-working, but I can’t study English well.2.I don’t want to go to my friend’s birthday party, but I don’t know how to tell her or if I need to buy her a present.Step 5 Production(Group work)

提供情景 我是老师或我是校长 操作建议：

1.让学生任意选择做老师或是校长。

2.一老师或校长的身份提出一些合理化的建议。

3.把这些记录记下来有机会给老师或校长，看对他们的工作是否有所帮助。

完成任务所需要的句子结构

If I were the teacher / headmaster, I would„

Step 6 Summary

1.总结虚拟语气的构成及用法。

2.区别if引导的虚拟语气与条件状语从句。

Step 7 Homework

1.Practice the conversations we learn today.2.Write a conversation according to 2a.

2.虚拟语气教案1 篇二

虚拟语气

虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等语气，它不表示客观存在。

一、 虚拟语气在单句中的用法

常用来表示祝愿、采用固定的倒装句式。例如：

Long live the Peoples Republic of China!中华人民共和国万岁！

be happy! 快乐！

have a good time! 玩得愉快！

succeed! 成功！

make progress! 进步！

二、虚拟语气在复合句中的用法：

1． 在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法

1） 表示与现在事实相反

条件从句 主句

一般过去时（be多用于were） would/should/could/might＋动词原形

例如：If I were you,I should accept the invitation.

如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。

If I had time,I would go there.

如果我有空，我就去那儿。

2） 与过去事实相反

条件从句 主句

过去完成时 would/should/could/might＋have done

例如：If you had come earlier,you couldnt/wouldnt have missed the bus.

如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。

If he had seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book.

如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。

3） 与将来事实可能相反

条件从句 主句

一般过去时（be多用were）

should do,were to do would/should/could/might＋动词原形

例如：If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow,the sports meet would be

put off.万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。（事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。）

If you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass,it would break.

万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。

4） if的省略

如果条件句中有were,had,should 等助动词，可将if省略，而把were,had或should

置于句首,来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。

例如：Should it rain/were it to rain tomorrow,the sports meet would be put off./Had he seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book.

5)条件句或主句的省略

当有上下文或上下句中的语言环境暗示的时候，表示虚拟语气的从句或主句往往可以省略，以避免重复。

例如：--Why didnt you attend the party yesterday?

--I would/should have,but I was too busy then.

I was surprised that you didnt like this job.You could have done it better.（后面省略了if you had liked it.）

6)混合时间条件句与主句

条件句与主句的动作发生的时间有先后之差，应按各自动作时间搭配好相应的结构形式。

例如：If the teacher hadnt been ill yesterday,who could give us a lecture now?/If you had reviewed the lesson,you would answer the question now.

7)含蓄条件句与主句

即用without(＝but for),or(else)代替if从句。

例如：Without/But for his help,we wouldnt have made such great progress.

＝If his help,we wouldnt have made such great progress.

2.在as if/as though引导的状语从句中用法：

在as if/as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用倒退一个时间段的方式来表达虚拟语气。例如：

The man speaks as if he were a foreigner./The speaker told us a lot about that country as though he had been there many times./They talked as if they had been good friends for years.

注：as if/as though从句中不一定都要用虚拟语气。如果情况真实性、可能性很大，就要用正常时态来描绘。例如：It looks as if it is going to rain.天看起来象要下雨。（下雨的可能性很大。）

3．在宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句中的用法：

1） 在wish后的宾语从句中的用法：

A．与过去事实相反的愿望：宾从谓语为“had done”形式。例如：I wish I had passed yesterdays exam.要是我昨天的考试及格了该多好。

B．与现在事实相反的愿望：宾从谓语为“did”形式。例如：He wishes he was as clever as you./I wish I had a large room to live in.

C．表示将来愿望：宾从谓语用“would/could do”形式。例如：How I wish I would go abroad next year!

2)在suggest,propose,demand,request,require,order,insist等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语为“(should) do”形式。例如：I suggest/propose/demand/request/require/order/

insist that he(should) be sent to the nearest hospital as soon as possible.

3)在“It is (about/high) time＋that从句”结构中，that从句的谓语用一般过去

时或“should do”形式。例如：It is high time he 他该开始了。

4)在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法：在suggestion,proposal,request,requirement,

advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中，谓语用“(should) do”形式。例如：

My suggestion is that we (should) send a few comrades to help the other groups./He gave an order that the work be done at once.

虚拟语气考点分析

1．--Alice,why didnt you come yesterday?

--I _____,but I had an unexpected visitor. (NMET)

A.had B.would C.was going to D.did

析:此题A、D明显不合上下文，因为乙方没有去。B选项若为would have则成立，可以理解为I would have come if I hadnt had an unexpected visitor.的简略式。但此处是would,故应排除。只有was going to可得体地表达“我原本打算去的，但是有不速之客造访”这一意思。

2．If there were no subjunctive,English ______ much easier. (NMET)

A.will be B.would have been C.could have been D.would be

析：观察题干，可知全句表达的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故答案为D。

3．The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ______ the rules. (NMET)

A.obeys B.obey C.will obey D.would obey

析：根据insist后的宾语从句谓语要用(should) do形式规律，可定正确答案是B。

4．I wish I _____ you yesterday.

A.seen B.did see C.had seen D.were to see

析：此题表与过去事实相反的原望，答案应为C。

5．-- If he _____ ,he _____ that food.

-- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (NMET)

A.was warned;would not take B.had been warned;would not have taken

C.wuld be warned;had not taken D.would have been warned;had not taken

析：从对话看，是表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为B。

6.Without electricity human life _____ quite different today. (NMET)

A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be

析：without引出一个含蓄条件句，主句表述的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为D。

7．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it look as if it _____. (NMET)

A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken

析；放入水中的铅笔看上去是断的，但实际上并非如此，因此是与现在的事实相反，这时as if从句谓语要用一般过去时，故答案为C。

8．You didnt let me drive.If we _____ in turn,you _____ so tired. (NMET)

A.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldnt get

C.were driving;wouldnt get D.had driven;wouldnt have got

析：观察题干，可知if从句表述与过去事实相反的假设，因此答案只能是D。

9．I didnt see your uncle at the party.If he _____ ,he would have said hello to

me.

A.would come B.had come C.came D.did come

析：观察题目上下文，特别是第二句的主句谓语为 would have said，可知if从句表述的是与过去事实相反的愿望，因此答案为B。

10．_____ it _____ for your help,I couldnt have made any progress.

A.Had;not been B.Should;not be C.Did;not be D.Not;be

析：根据主句谓语形式，可知从句要用had done形式，故应选A，Had it not been for your help＝If it had not been for your help.（要不是你帮忙的话）

11．Mr Smith was badly ill,or he _____ our dinner party.

A.should come to B.would have attended

C.would come to D.should have attended

析：or可引导含蓄条件句，表达虚拟语气。根据此题内容，可知是与过去事实相反的假设，故答案为B。

倒装句型

英语的倒装有两大类型：

一、 全部倒装：指谓语全部置于主语之前的倒装，有下列几种情况：

1． here,there,away,in,out,down,up,off,back,now,then等在句首时引起全部倒装。

例如：

Here is a letter for you./There goes the last train./The door opened,and in came Mr Smith./Away went the boy./Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas./Back came the others./Out rushed the boy with an apple in his hand./Then came a noise like thunder./Now comes the bus.

2． 介词短语或方位名词词组作地点状语位于句首，引起全部倒装。例如：

In the corner of the room stands a writing－table./South of the city lies a big factory./Under the bed lies a cat./In these oceans live huge numbers of a small fish 5cm long.

注：以上两种完全倒装主语必须是名词，谓语常是表示方位或转移的不及物动词，如lie,live,sit,stand,be,come,go,rise,walk,run等，主语若是人称代词或谓语不属上述动词之列，则不用完全倒装。例如：

Here it rains a lot every month of the year./Here we are!/Off you go!/Then she went to the shop.

3．在there be 结构中，采用全部倒装语序。例如：

There is a book in the bag.

表 系 主语

4．代词such作表语，意“这样的人”“这样的物”，应置于句首，其后全部倒装。例如：

Such were the facts./Such would be our home in the future.

二、 部分倒装：指部分谓语（如助动词、情态动词）位于主语之前的倒装。有下列一些情况：

1．一般疑问句，选择疑问句，反意问句要求部分倒装。例如：Has he finished his work?/Its

a lovely day,isnt it?

2．特殊疑问词不作主语或不作主语的定语的特殊疑问句要求部分倒装。例如：

When did you go there?/Which do you like best?

3．only修饰动词、介词短语、状语从句，并置于句首时，主句中要部分倒装。例如：

Only when the rain stopped did the match start again.

注：“only＋名词/代词”置于句首不要倒装。例如：

Only he can do it.(正) Only can he do it. (误)

4．含有否定意义的副词，如：not,never,neither,nor,seldom,hardly,little等置于句

首时，要求部分倒装。例如：

Hardly can I believe that./Never has he been to the Great Wall./Seldom does she

write to me.

5．not only…but(also)…连接两个分句，not only置于句首，它所引导的这部分要部

分倒装，但but(also)部分不要倒装。例如；

Not only should we study science,but also we should pay attention to politics.

注：若not only…but(also)…连接两个主语，句子不要倒装。

6．not until引起一个短语或引导一个从句置于句首时，主句中要求部分倒装。例如：

Not until he was ten did he go to school./Not until yesterday did I realize what trouble he was in.

7．hardly…when…;no sooner…than…句型中，若hardly,no sooner位于句首时，主句

中要求部分倒装。例如：

Hardly had I entered the room when the phone rang./No sooner had he finished his talk than he was surrounded(包围)by the workers.

8．so表“也”、“同样”意，位于句首时，其后要部分倒装。例如：

You can swim,so can I./If you go,so will I.

倒装语序考点分析

1． Not only _____ polluted but _____ crowded. (上海高考)

A.was the city;were the streets B.the city was;the streets were

C.was the city;the streets were D.the city was;were the streets

析：not only部分要部分倒装，可排除B、D。but(also)部分不要倒装，故C为正确答案。

2． Little _____ about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.

(上海高考)

A．does he care B.did he care C.he care D.he cared

析：否定意义的Little在句首，该句要倒装，故答案在A、B之中选择一个，因A的时

态不对，故答案为B。

3．Only in this way _____ progess in your English. (NMET)

A.you make B.can you make C.you be able to make D.will you able to come

析：Only 修饰in this way置于句首，句子要部分倒装，故答案为B。

4．Not until all the fish died in the river _____ how serious the pollution was.(NMET)

A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realized

C.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realize

析：由于Not until在句首，主句要采用部分倒装，这样先可排除B、C，又由于D不

应该用didnt,故A为正确答案。

5．Be quick! _____

A.The bus comes here B.The bus here comes

C.Here the bus comes D.Here comes the bus

析：用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作出现在倒装句中，所以此题答案为D。（＝The bus is coming here.）

6．On the wall _____ two large portraits. (NMET)

A.hangs B.hang C.hanged D.hanging

析：由于介词短语on the wall位于句首，全句要采用完全倒装式，因为主语是复数，所以正确答案为B。

虚拟语气、倒装句型专练

1. Little _____ about what others think.

A.he has cared B.he cares C.cared he D.does he care

2._____ got into the room _____ the telephone rang. (NMET)

A.He hardly had;then B.Hardly had he;when

C.He had not;than D.Not had he;when

3.Only by practising a few hours every day _____ be able to master the language.

(上海高考)

A．you can B.can you C.you will D.will you

4.If I _____ him yesterday I _____ him about it.

A.saw;would ask B.had seen;would have asked

C.had seen;would ask D.saw;would have asked

5.What do you think would happen if there _____ no light during the days?

A.is B.will be C.were D.would be

6._____ you succeed in everything and _____ you be healthy.

A.Hope;wish B.Wish;hope C.May;may D.Expect;hope

7.But for your help,I _____ the place.

A.cant find B.cant have found C.couldnt have found D.havent found

8.If her lawyer _____ here last Sunday,he _____ her from going.

A.had been;would have prevented B.had been;would prevent

C.were;would prevent D.were;would have prevented

9.If it had not been for the liberation,no changes _____ place in my hometown.

A.would have taken B.would have been taken C.will taken D.will be taken

10._____ late tommorrow,who would take her place?

A.Should Miss Green come B.If Miss Green would come

C.Miss Green should come D.If Miss Green comes

11._____ it _____,the crops _____ be saved.

A.Had;rained;could B.Should;rain;would

C.If;rains;should D.Would;rain;should

12.The actor is over fifty.But he acts as if he _____ a young man.

A.is B.will be C.should be D.were

13.It seems as if it ____ already summer now.

A.were B.be C.is D.had been

14.I wish I _____ him the day before yesterday.

A.saw B.could see C.had seen D.was seeing

15.I made the suggestion that they _____ the plan they had made.

A.stick to B.stuck to C.insist D.insisted on

16.It is suggested that a study plan _____ right now.

A.is made B.is to be made C.be made D.had been made

17.They required that we _____ them get in the crops.

A.help B.helped C.were helping D.would help

18.She should have attended the class,but she _____ .

A.hadnt B.hasnt C.didnt D.doesnt

19.It was ordered that no smoking _____ in the library,which made the smokers unhappy.

A.is forbidden B.would permit C.be allowed D.should not be allowed

20.Not once _____ his view of life.

A.did the gentleman mention B.the gentleman mentioned

C.mentioned the gentleman D.does the gentleman mention

21.In the sun _____ a group of young soldiers,gun in hand.

A.did stand B.had stood C.standing D.stood

22. --You forgot to hand in your homework yesterday.

--Good heavens! _____.Here you are.

A.So I did B.So did I C.I did,too D.So you have

23._____ with his slippers on when he heard the terrible noise.

A.Out did he rush B.Rushed he out C.Out rushed he D.Out he rushed

24.No sooner _____ finished the composition _____ the light went out.

A.I had;when B.I had;than C.had I;when D.had I;than

25.It was not until _____ to prepare his lessons.

A. did his father come in that the boy began

B. his father came in that the boy began

C. did his father come in did the boy begin

D. his father came in did the boy begin

26._____,so you are not a friend of mine.

A.I never saw you before B.Never before I have seen you

C.Never before have I seen you D.Never had I seen you before

27.--David has made great progress recently.

--_____,and _____. (上海高考)

A.So he has;so you have B.So he has;so have you

C.So has he;so have you D.So has he;so you have

28.Never _____ till tomorrow what may be done today.

A.put off B.do put off C.did you put off D.you will put off

29.--Have you written these letters?

--No,_____ time to do any other work yet.

A.hardly I have B.I have had hardly

C.I have hardly had D.I hardly have had

30._____ get such a pair of shoes for my son?

A.Where do you think can I B.Do you think where can I

C.Do you think where I can D.Where do you think I can

31.Then _____ that the enemy were gone.

A.the news came B.came the news C.did the news come D.did come the news

32.--What a beautiful bridge,_____?

--Yes,_____?

A.isnt it;isnt it B.is it;is it C.isnt it;it is D.is it;it isnt

33.Along the path _____,on which _____ “Keep off the Grass”.

A.stood some signs;were written B.stood some signs;wrote

C.some signs stood;were written D.some signs stood;wrote

34.He took a taxi so that he _____ there in time.

A.was able to be B.got C.could get D.should get

35.Id rather Tom _____ tomorrow.

A.come B.would come C.came D.will come

36.It is about time you ____ the medicine,sir.

A.will take B.should take C.must take D.are to take

37.If there _____ no electricity in the future,our life _____ change a lot.

A.will be;will B.is;will C.should be;would D.would be;would

38.Without the Communist Party there ____ New China.

A.hadnt been a B.is not a C.would be no D.was not a

39.There _____ a lot of deer in the forest.

A.have B.are C.is D.has

40.From space _____ like a huge water－covered globe(球体).

A.looks the earth B.does look the earth

C.the earth looks D.does the earth look

虚拟语气、倒装句型答案

1－5 D B D B C 6－10 C C A A A 11－15 B D A C A

16－20 C A C C A 21－25 D A D D B 26－30 C B A C D

31－35 B A A C C 36－40 B C C B C

3.虚拟语气的用法 篇三

1.表示祝愿 a. Long live our country. b. May you succeed. c. May you be happy all your life.

2.表示命令 a. Everybody leave the room.

二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为“真实条件句”)

1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might +动词原形 (should多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于所有人称)

a. If I had more time, I should study computer better. b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon. c. If they didn’t take exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.

d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning. e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might + have done的形式 a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.

b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s exam.

c. If you had taken the teacher’s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.

3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be的过去式通常用were); ②.should +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种情况都含有“出乎意料之外”之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: should / would / could / might +动词原形 a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.

b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.

c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him. d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.

三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:

1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, should等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首 a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.

b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.

2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望

a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to). b. I wouldn’t smoke (if I were you).

c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起该多好啊) d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!

3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间

a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.

b. If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.

4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句

a. What would you do with a million dollars? b. Without/But for music, the world would be a dull place.

c. We could have done better with more money. d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.

e. He must have been very busy, or he could not have won the game.

f. I’m really very busy, otherwise, I would certainly take you to visit the zoo.

四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:

1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式

a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England. b. She looked as if she were ill.

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式

a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.

**as if 从句也可表示真实情况，谓语动词用陈述语气 a. It looks as if it is going to rain.

五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:

在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同

a. Even if I were rich, I would work.

六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:

如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 “It is / was + adj. + that从句”中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用should do表示现在或将来情况, 用should have done表示过去情况

a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left. b. It is important that you should take the doctor’s advice.

c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.

七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:

1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气

①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

a. I wish I knew the result of the match now. b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.

c. I wish I could help you. d. I wish I were young.

②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night. b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.

③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变

a. I wish the prices would come down. b. I wish you would help me.

c. I wish he would be more careful. d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.

2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), propose, demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用“( should )+动词原形”的虚拟语气形式

a. I suggested that we should go there at once. b. I demand that he should answer me at once.

c. The doctor insisted that the patient should stay in bed for two weeks. d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.

与名词suggestion建议 / advice 建议 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有关的从句(包括同位语从句、表语从句、主语从句等)中的谓语也用 “( should ) +动词原形”

a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.

b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.

c. I was Bill’s suggestion that everybody should have a map. d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.

e. What do you think of their proposal that we should all speak English at the meeting?

f. It is requested that she should sing a song at the birthday party.

**注意，含上述动词的简单句不用虚拟语气

a. The officer ordered his men to start before daybreak. b. The salesman suggested us /our trying another shop.

**注意，suggest解释“表明、暗示”、insist解释“坚持说、硬要说”，则不用虚拟。

a. The man’s expression suggested that he was very sad. ` b. Tony suggested that he had not broken the vase.

八.虚拟语气用在句型: It is (high) time that…(该做某事了)中: that从句中的谓语动词用过去式

a. It is time we got up.

九.虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中: 表示“但愿…”, “要是…就好了”, 其中谓语形式与wish的宾语从句相同

a. If only he didn’t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn’t drive so fast.)

b. If only he had taken the doctor’s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor’s advice.)

c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)

十.虚拟语气用在would rather / prefer后的that从句中: 表示现在或将来情况谓语动词用过去时形式, 表示过去情况动词用过去完成时形式

a. I would rather he came next Saturday. b. I would prefer you had seen the film yesterday.

4.人教版虚拟语气 篇四

英语中的三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。其中虚拟语气用来表示说话人的一种与事实相反的主观愿望、猜测、建议或假想等。if条件句与主句的动词变化形式：

1.If 条件状语从句中的虚拟形式：

虚拟语气 If条件句 主句

与现在事实相反 动词过去式（若动词为be用were） should/would/could/might+动词原形

与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might+have＋过去分词

与将来事实相反 1.动词过去式

2.should＋动词原形

3.were to＋动词原形 should/would/could/might+动词原形

注意：

1）有时虚拟条件不用虚拟条件句表示，而用but for(要不是), without(如果没有),otherwise或or(否则)，或通过上下文来表示。

Eg. But for the storm, we would have arrived earlier.

Without water, all on the earth could not live.

2)if only（要是…就好了）

Eg. If only I were your brother.

2. 主语从句中的虚拟语气：

1)It’s important/necessary/strange/surprising/natural/desirable/ect.+that从句(谓语“(should)+V原”)

类似用法的形容词还有：essential, possible, impossible, dreadful, funny等

Eg. It is important that she (should) cooperate with us.

It was unnecessary that they (should) get here so early.

2)It’s +ordered/advised/ requested/required/desired/suggested + that从句(谓语“(should)+V原”)

Eg. It’s ordered that the classroom(should) be kept in order.

It is desired that every student (should) obey the school rules.

It is suggested that we (should)start the work at once.

3. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气：

1)表示“要求”、“建议”、“命令”等意义的动词后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气（即谓语“(should)+V原”)

这类动词有：request, order,propose, command, advise, recommend, demand, suggest, insist等。

Eg. He insisted that all of us (should) be there on time by any means.

The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.

※注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”和suggest表示“表明；暗示”时,其后的宾语从句不用虚拟。

Eg. The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for hi.

He insisted that he was honest.

2) 过去式或过去进行时（be用were） 对现在情况的虚拟

wish+that宾语从句(that常省) had＋过去分词 对过去情况的虚拟

would +V原 对将来的主观愿望

eg. I wish I could fly.

I wish you would stay a little longer.

I wish I had known it before.

3)would rather+宾语从句（谓语动词用过去式）

Eg. I’d rather you didn’t make any comment on the issue for the time being.

4. 表语从句：

表示“要求”、“建议”、“命令”、“欲望”、“劝告”等动词派生出来的同根名词作主语时，其表语从句要虚拟（即谓语“(should)+V原”），这类名词有：suggestion, proposal,request, advice, decision, requirement等.

Eg. The old man’s request is that his children (should) give him some money to live on every month.

My suggestion is that the old houses (should) be pulled down.

5. 同位语从句：同位语从句用虚拟语气的情况与表语从句类似。

Eg. My wish that a teaching bulding (should) be built here will soon come true.

What do you think of Mr Li’s proposal that we (should) have a get-together next Friday?

6. It is (high) time+that从句（谓语动词常用过去式）

Eg. It is time that the child went to bed.

7. 注意下列用法：

should/ought to have done

should not/ought not to have done

could/ might have done

need not have done

8. as if/though从句若情况属实，用陈述语气。否则用虚拟语气。（现在情况：动词用过去式；过去情况：had＋过去分词

It looks as if it’s going to rain.

It looks as if he had finished all his task.

9.在if引导的虚拟语气的条件句中，如果谓语动词含有were,或had, should, would等，有时可将if省略，将条件句中were,或had, should, would提到主语之前。

Eg. Were I (=If you were) you, I would make more notes.

Had you (= If you had) invited us, we would have come.

Exercises:

1. If my lawyer ___ here last Saturday, he ___ me from leaving.

A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent

C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented

2. ___ more attention, the trees could have grown better.

A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given

3. He suggested that she ___ at once.

A. starts B. to start C. should start D. started

4. Her expression suggested that she ___ angry.

A. was B. were C. be D. should be

5. They insisted that he ___ present at the meeting.

A. was B. were C. be D. should

6. I wish I ___ you yesterday.

A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see

7. --- Did you enjoy the film last night?

--- Yes, but I wish I ___ a headache.

A. hadn’t B. didn’t have C. hadn’t had D. wouldn’t have

8. It is necessary that he ___ to the hospital at once.

A. should send B. be sent C. would be sent D. sent

9. My suggestion is that you ___ the party nexst weekend.

A. held B. sould hold C. should hold D. could hold

10. The leader gave orders that the work ___ before May Day.

A. finished B. be finished C. to finished D. finish.

11. Bod ___ hard, otherwise he ___ in this exam.

A. can’t have worked; wouldn’t have failed B. can’t work; wouldn’t have failed

C. mustn’t have worked; wouldn’t fail D. must have worked; would fail

12. The driver kept his head; or the accident ___.

A. would happen B. happened C. would have happened D. would be happened

13. His failure in the college entrance esam suggested that he ___ hard.

A. not study B. should not study C. study D. had not studied

14. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ___ for her.

A. had to write it out B. must have written it out

C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out

15.--- I stayed at a hotel wihile in NewYork.

--- Oh, did you? You ___ with Barbara.

A. would have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed

1. It was suggested that such machines ___ at once.

A. would be produced b. will be produced C. was to be produced D. be produced

2. I wish I ___ to America with you, but I AM TOO BUSY.

A. will go B. can go C. shall go D. could go

3. --- It’s raining, and I have no umbrella.

--- Here’s mine and I insist ___ it.

A. you to take B. that you take C. that you taking D. you taking

4. She went to the market early so that she ___ buy some fresh fish.

A. can B. might C. must D. should

5. Bob would rather ____.

A. working in the garden than doing his homework.

B. work in the garden than do his homework.

C. to work in the garden than to do his homework.

D. work in the garden thatn doing his homework.

6. Would you rather I ___ buying a new bike?

A. decided against B. will decide against C. have decided against D. shall decide against

7. If only I ___ earlier.

A. come B. have come C. had come D. might come

8. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ____ your advice.

A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow

9. If we ___ yesterday , we ___ the work.

A. weren’t interrupted; would finish B. didn’t interrupt; would have finished

C. hadn’t interrupted; had finished D. hadn’t been interrupted; would have finished

10. ___, I’d have told you.

A. If I would have known it B. If I have known it C. Had I known it D. Should I know it

11. ___ today, he would get there by Friday.

A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. were he to leave D. If he leaves

12. If you had not helped them, they ___ in London now.

A. would still be B. will still be C. would have still gone D. will have still gone

13. Without your help, we ___ so much.

A. will not achieve B. didn’t achieve C. don’t achieve D. would not have achieved

14. Your advice that she ___ till next week is reasonable.

A. will wait B. is going to wait C. waits D. wait

15. --- What are you going to do next year?

--- I don’t know. But it’s time ____ something.

A. I decided B. I deciding C. I’ll decide D. I’d decide

16. She insisted that a doctor ___ immediately.

A. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent

17. The thief closed his eyes ___ he ___ dying.

A. even if; was B. though; would be C. even; had been D. as if; were

18. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he ___ their won son.

A. is B. were C. had been D. should be

19. It is strange that he ___ back so early.

A. came B. will come C. had come D. should have come

20. My suggestion is that the meeting ___ of till next Sunday.

A. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put

21. The teacher demanded that the exam ___ before eleven.

A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished

22. Helen doesn’t know how much I spent in repairing the house; if she ever found out, I’m sure ___.

A. she’d never forgive me B. she never forgives me

C. she’ll never have forgiven me D. she does never forgive me

23. Without the help of the teacher, I ___ the entrance exam.

A. wouldn’t pass B. wouldn’t have passed C. couldn’t be able to pass D. will never pass

24. But for the leadership of our Party and Government, we ___ these splendid results.

A. have achieved B. shouldn’t have achieved C. should have achieved D. would achieve

25. He didn’t come yesterday, or you ___ him.

A. would see B. were to see C. might have seen D. had seen

26. You didn’t let me drive. If we ___ in turn, you ___ so tired.

A.drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get

C . were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have get

27. ___ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.

A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will

28. I suggested the person ___ to be put into prison.

A. refers B. refering C. referred D. refer

29. --- Did you go with them?

--- No, I was very busy, but I would have gone if I ___.

A. had been B. hadn’t C. wasn’t D. was

30. Without electricity, human life ___ qute difficult today.