方山子传特殊句式总结

2024-09-02

方山子传特殊句式总结(共5篇)

1.方山子传阅读答案 篇一

方山子传

苏轼

方山子,光、黄间隐人也。少时慕朱家、郭解1为人,闾里之侠皆宗之。稍壮,折节读书,欲以此驰骋当世,然终不遇。晚乃遁于光、黄间,曰岐亭。庵居蔬食,不与世相闻;弃车马,毁冠服,徒步往来山中,人莫识也。见其所著帽,方耸而高,曰:此岂古方山冠2之遗像乎?因谓之方山子。

余谪居于黄,过岐亭,适见焉。曰:呜呼!此吾故人陈慥季常也,何为而在此?方山子亦矍然,问余所以至此者,余告之故。俯而不答,仰而笑,呼余宿其家。环堵萧然,而妻子奴婢皆有自得之意。

余既耸然异之独念方山子少时使酒好剑用财如粪土。前十有九年,余在岐山,见方山子从两骑,挟二矢,游西山。鹊起于前,使骑逐而射之,不获。方山子怒马独出,一发得之。因与余马上论用兵及古今成败,自谓一世豪士。今几日耳,精悍之色,犹见于眉间,而岂山中之人哉?

然方山子世有勋阀,当得官。使从事于其间,今已显闻。而其家在洛阳,园宅壮丽,与公侯等。河北有田,岁得帛千匹,亦足以富乐。皆弃不取,独来穷山中,此岂无得而然哉?

余闻光、黄间多异人,往往阳狂垢污,不可得而见,方山子傥见之欤?

注释:

①〔朱家、郭解〕西汉著名游侠,《史记游侠列传》详载二人事迹。

②〔方山冠〕古代的一种帽子。汉时为祭祀宗庙时乐工舞女所戴。唐宋时隐士多戴这种形状的帽子。

1.对下列句子中加点的词的解释,不正确的一项是

A.闾里之侠皆宗之宗:尊奉

B.折节读书折:改变

C.方山子亦矍然矍然:欣喜的样子

D.往往阳狂垢污阳:通佯,假装

C/矍然:吃惊注视的样子。

2.下列各组句子中,加点的词的意义和用法相同的一组是

A欲以此驰骋当世乃分其骑以为四队

B犹见于眉间多于周身之帛缕

C而其家在洛阳与其骑会为三处

D妻子奴婢皆有自得之意是何楚人之多也

C/A.介词,凭借;介词,把。B.介词,在;介词,表比较。C.均为代词,他的。D.助词,的;代词,这,这么。

3下列用/给文中画横线部分的断句,正确的一项是

A.余既耸然/异之独念/方山子少时/使酒好剑用财如粪土。

B.余既耸然异之/独念方山子少时/使酒好剑/用财如粪土。

C.余既耸然/异之独念方山子/少时使酒好剑/用财如粪土。

D.余既耸然异之/独念方山子/少时使酒好剑/用财如粪土。

B

4.下列各项对文章的分析阐述,不正确的一项是

A.方山子出身微贱,自幼苦读,意欲以此驰骋当世,但终不得意;晚年放弃了富贵生活,隐逸光州、黄州一带,自得其乐。

B.传记主人公少年时血气方刚,一身侠气;晚年时安贫乐道,心境恬淡。作者有意识选择这两种具有对比性的表现来丰富其形象。

C.尾段作者问方山子能否见到那些阳狂垢污的异人,可见作者对异人的仰慕,也隐含有对方山子超脱世俗、淡泊自守的赞扬之意。

D.结合苏轼被贬黄州的处境可知,作者写方山子,实际上是悲己之不遇,本文可以视为作者当时心态的一种形象的折射。

A/出身微贱与原文不符。

5.把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)

⑴环堵萧然,而妻子奴婢皆有自得之意。(4分)

译文:

⑵因与余马上论用兵及古今成败,自谓一世豪士。(3分)

译文:

⑶皆弃不取,独来穷山中,此岂无得而然哉。(3分)

译文:

⑴(他的家里)四壁空荡,然而(他的)妻子、儿女和奴仆都显出怡然自乐的样子。(给分点:环堵萧然妻子自得)

⑵因而(他)就在马上和我谈论起用兵之道及古今成败之事,自认为是一代豪杰。(给分点:因马上自谓)

2.方山子传学生版 篇二

方山子传

第1学时(共2课时)编写人:孟全莲

郭丽云

审核人:

编号:64

【学习目标】

1、借助课文注解和工具书逐句翻译课文。

2、积累重点的文言实词、虚词、文言特殊句式

【学习情境】

1、作者及背景:

苏轼(1037-1101年),字子瞻,号东坡居士,四川眉山人,北宋杰出文学家、书画家,与父苏洵、弟苏辙并称“三苏”。苏轼二十一岁中进士,神宗时期曾在凤翔、杭州、密州、徐州、湖州等地任职。元丰三年(1080年)因“乌台诗案”受诬陷被贬黄州任团练副使,在黄州四年多曾于城东之东坡开荒种田,故自号“东坡居士”。哲宗即位后,曾任翰林学士、侍读学士、礼部尚书等职,并出知杭州、颍州、扬州、定州等地,晚年被贬惠州、儋州。大赦北还,途中病死在常州,葬于河南郏县,追谥文忠公。本文作于宋神宗元丰年间、作者贬官黄州之时。

2、苏轼的思想:

苏轼在儒学体系的基础上濡染佛老,他把儒、佛、老三家哲学结合起来,各家思想对他几乎都有吸引力。他早年具有儒家辅君治国、经世济民的政治理想,有志改革北宋的萎靡的积习。佛老思想一方面帮助他观察问题比较通达,在一种超然物外的旷达态度背后,仍然坚持着对人生、对美好事物的追求;另一方面,齐生死、等是非的虚无主义又有严重的逃避现实的消极作用

3、文体文化常识

方山子:陈慥,字季常,别号龙邱先生。其父陈希亮曾是苏轼的上司。与苏轼友善。二十年未见,却在岐亭重逢。

传: 文体的一种。是以记载人物事迹为主的一种文章。本文是一篇出色的别传。一般人物传记写作常规:介绍人物姓氏籍贯生卒年月、世系生平行事,平铺、直叙。【问题导学】

1、朗读全文

2、借助课文注解和工具书翻译全文

3、重点研讨下列词句:

第一段:闾里之侠皆宗之 稍壮,折节读书

折节 不与世相闻

方耸 此岂古方山冠之遗像乎

第二段:此吾故人陈慥季常也 矍然

环堵萧然 过岐亭,适见焉

第三段:几日耳 而岂山中之人哉

怒马 鹊起于前

第四段:勋阀 此岂无得而然哉 第五段:阳狂垢污 傥

4、指出下列加线字的活用并解释

①闾里之侠皆宗之()②余既耸然异之()③见方山子从两骑()④岁得帛千()⑤亦足以富乐()⑥方山子怒马独出()

2、指出下面句式类型

①方山子,光黄间隐人也。()

②此吾故人陈慥季常也,何为而在此?()③精悍之色,犹见于眉间()

④徒步往来山中()⑤庵居蔬食()

5、概括各段大意

【达标测评 】

1.下列每组句子中加线字的意义用法相同的一组是()A. ①见其所著帽,方耸而高 ②君子博学而日参省乎己 B. ①余既耸然异之 ②他植者则不然

C. ①晚乃遁于光、黄间 ②谪戍之众,非抗于九国之师也 D. ①呼余宿其家 ②其皆出于此乎高二语文《中国古代诗歌散文欣赏》学案

方山子传

第2学时(共2课时)编写人:孟全莲

郭丽云

审核人:

编号:65

【学习目标】

1、理解:传主的事迹与精神风貌,认识方山子始侠后隐的行径与神情风貌

2、探讨:作者写作的原因。

3、鉴赏文章变化多端、曲折不平的巧妙构思。【问题导学】

1、文中的方山子有哪些异人之处?他是个什么样的人?

2、作者对他是什么样的态度?作者写方山子的用意何在?。

3、赏析传记写法 :[ 一般人物传记写作常规:(写法:平铺、直叙)介绍人物姓氏——籍贯生卒年月、世系——生平行事 ] 1)、奇妙的构思:本文把叙事、描写、议论融为一体

没有像一般传记,平铺直叙地介绍人物的姓氏、乡里、家世、生平等,而是“随物赋形”极其切合隐士的身份,由隐而显,由略而详,层层设疑,层层呼应,愈深愈见方山子的不同寻常和卓立无匹。

思考:在第二、三自然段以今昔两次邂逅作对比,指出方山子并非寻常的隐逸之辈,两次邂逅所见有何不同?从文中找出相关的语句

2)、奇妙的语言、独特的细节

用字准确而含蓄,字里行间饱含感情,细节描写、形象描写独具匠心,故有言简意丰的艺术效果。思考:为什么方山子听了苏轼的遭遇后,表现出“俯而不答,仰而笑”的情态?

3)、隐约的折射。

最后作者以光、黄其他“阳狂垢污“的异人来反衬方山子,表达了作者对方山子及其同类人生活的向往。所谓异人的“阳狂”之行乃是一种掩饰,是为了压抑心中的激情,平息心中的矛盾。方山子不也正是如此吗?作者以疑似的口吻问他是否见过“阳狂垢污”的异人,其实,答案是肯定的,因为他自己就是这样的一个异人 【达标测评 】

1.清代王文儒评此文说:“隐字侠字节乃一篇之主脑。”请选出全都是具体描述方山子“隐”的生活、思想和行为的一组(C)①使酒好剑,用财如粪土 ②弃车马,毁冠服,徒步往来山中

③从两骑,挟二矢,游西山 ④环堵萧然,而妻子奴婢皆有自得之意 ⑤庵居蔬食,不与世相闻 ⑥晚乃遁于光、黄间

A.①②④⑤ B.①③④⑤ C.②④⑤⑥ D.②③④⑥

2.下列各项对文章分析阐述正确的一项是()

A、方山子出身贫寒,自幼苦读,意欲以此驰骋当世,但不得意,晚年隐逸光州、黄州一带。

B、传主少年、壮年时意气风发,一身侠气;晚年时安贫乐道,心境恬淡。作者选择这两种对比性的行为来丰富其形象。

C、尾段作者以疑问的口吻问方山子能否见到那些“阳狂垢污”的“异人”,从“岂山中之人哉!”这句话中可以看出,答案是否定的。

3.方山子传特殊句式总结 篇三

方山子,光、黄间隐人也。少时慕朱家、郭解1为人,闾里之侠皆宗之。稍壮,折节读书,欲以此驰骋当世,然终不遇。晚乃遁于光、黄间,曰岐亭。庵居蔬食,不与世相闻;弃车马,毁冠服,徒步往来山中,人莫识也。见其所著帽,方耸而高,曰:“此岂古方山冠2之遗像乎?”因谓之方山子。

余谪居于黄,过岐亭,适见焉。曰:“呜呼!此吾故人陈慥季常也,何为而在此?”方山子亦矍然,问余所以至此者,余告之故。俯而不答,仰而笑,呼余宿其家。环堵萧然,而妻子奴婢皆有自得之意。

余既耸然异之独念方山子少时使酒好剑用财如粪土。前十有九年,余在岐山,见方山子从两骑,挟二矢,游西山。鹊起于前,使骑逐而射之,不获。方山子怒马独出,一发得之。因与余马上论用兵及古今成败,自谓一世豪士。今几日耳,精悍之色,犹见于眉间,而岂山中之人哉?

然方山子世有勋阀,当得官。使从事于其间,今已显闻。而其家在洛阳,园宅壮丽,与公侯等。河北有田,岁得帛千匹,亦足以富乐。皆弃不取,独来穷山中,此岂无得而然哉?

余闻光、黄间多异人,往往阳狂垢污,不可得而见,方山子傥见之欤?

注释:

①〔朱家、郭解〕西汉著名游侠,《史记·游侠列传》详载二人事迹。

②〔方山冠〕古代的一种帽子。汉时为祭祀宗庙时乐工舞女所戴。唐宋时隐士多戴这种形状的帽子。

5.对下列句子中加点的词的解释,不正确的一项是

A.闾里之侠皆宗之 宗:尊奉

B.折节读书 折:改变

C.方山子亦矍然 矍然:欣喜的样子

D.往往阳狂垢污

阳:通“佯”,假装

5.C/矍然:吃惊注视的样子。

6.下列各组句子中,加点的词的意义和用法相同的一组是

A 欲以此驰骋当世 乃分其骑以为四队

B 犹见于眉间 多于周身之帛缕

C 而其家在洛阳 与其骑会为三处

D 妻子奴婢皆有自得之意 是何楚人之多也

6.C/A.介词,凭借;介词,把。B.介词,在;介词,表比较。C.均为代词,他的。D.助词,的;代词,这,这么。

7.下列用“/”给文中画横线部分的断句,正确的一项是

A.余既耸然/异之独念/方山子少时/使酒好剑用财如粪土。

B.余既耸然异之/独念方山子少时/使酒好剑/用财如粪土。

C.余既耸然/异之独念方山子/少时使酒好剑/用财如粪土。

D.余既耸然异之/独念方山子/少时使酒好剑/用财如粪土。

7.B 8.下列各项对文章的分析阐述,不正确的一项是

A.方山子出身微贱,自幼苦读,意欲以此驰骋当世,但终不得意;晚年放弃了富贵生活,隐逸光州、黄州一带,自得其乐。

B.传记主人公少年时血气方刚,一身侠气;晚年时安贫乐道,心境恬淡。作者有意识选择这两种具有对比性的表现来丰富其形象。

C.尾段作者问方山子能否见到那些“阳狂垢污”的“异人”,可见作者对“异人”的仰慕,也隐含有对方山子超脱世俗、淡泊自守的赞扬之意。

D.结合苏轼被贬黄州的处境可知,作者写方山子,实际上是悲己之“不遇”,本文可以视为作者当时心态的一种形象的折射。

8.A/“出身微贱”与原文不符。

9.把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)

⑴ 环堵萧然,而妻子奴婢皆有自得之意。(4分)

译文:

⑵ 因与余马上论用兵及古今成败,自谓一世豪士。(3分)

译文:

⑶ 皆弃不取,独来穷山中,此岂无得而然哉。(3分)

译文:

9.⑴(他的家里)四壁空荡,然而(他的)妻子、儿女和奴仆都显出怡然自乐的样子。(给分点:“环堵”“萧然”“妻子”“自得”)

⑵ 因而(他)就在马上和我谈论起用兵之道及古今成败之事,自认为是一代豪杰。(给分点:“因”“马上”“自谓”)

4.方山子传特殊句式总结 篇四

一、基础考查

1.下列给加点字注音全对的一项是()A.驰骋.(chěnɡ)

当.世(dānɡ)B.著.帽(zhù)谪.居(zhé)C.奴婢.(bēi)萧.然(xiāo)D.两骑.(qí)精悍.(hàn)2.下列各句中不.含通假字的一项是()A.阳狂垢污

B.方山子傥见之与 C.前十有九年

D.鹊起于前

3.下列每组句子中加点的词的意义和用法相同的一组是()①而妻子奴婢皆有自得之意A..②心未老而.先衰

①余既耸然异之B.. ②他植者则不然.C.①晚乃遁于.光、黄间②取之于蓝,而青于

.蓝①呼余宿其家D..②其

.皆出于此乎4.下列各句句式特点与其他三项不.同的一项是()A.步行负弓矢从者百许人 B.精悍之色,犹见于眉间 C.泯泯然不见功名于世者 D.使从事于其间

5.下列句中加点词语解释不.正确的一项是()A.闾里之侠皆宗.之 宗:尊崇,推崇 B.晚乃遁.于光、黄间

遁:逃跑 C.余谪.居于黄

谪:贬官 D.而妻子..奴婢皆有自得之意

妻子:妻子和儿女

6.下列各组中加点的词意义和用法相同的一项是()

晚乃遁于光、黄间A..乃.不知有汉,无论魏晋

因谓之方山子B..因.

击沛公于坐

C.余谪居于黄,过岐亭,适见焉. 犹且从师而问焉.D.徒步往来山中,人莫识也. 方山子,光、黄间隐人也.

7.下面对文章内容的理解不.正确的一项是()

A.方山子是光州和黄州之间的一个隐士,苏轼被贬黄州后认识了他,并和他结为好友。

B.方山子就是陈季常,黄州山里人看见他戴的帽子形似古时的“方山冠”,就称他为方山子。

C.方山子少年时仰慕汉侠朱家、郭解的为人;长大后努力读书,想凭借读书在社会上大展宏图,认为自己是一世豪杰,但始终没有碰上机遇;晚年隐居在光州和黄州之间的一个叫岐亭的小镇上,过着隐居生活。

D.好文章常采用暗示的手法,如本文中“俯而不答,仰而笑”,写的是陈慥有无限感慨,可是没有明说,留待读者自己去体会。这样写,留有余地,表现力却更强。

8.将文中画横线的语句翻译成现代汉语。(1)稍壮,折节读书,欲以此驰骋当世。译文:

________________________________________________________________________

(2)方山子亦矍然,问余所以至此者,余告之故。

译文:

________________________________________________________________________

大铁椎传

一、课内双基

1.下列加点的词注音全部正确的一项是()A.铁椎.(chuí)省.(shěnɡ)兄

健啖.(dàn)B.拱揖.(yī)罕.(hǎn)言

言讫.(qì)C.鼾.(hān)睡

强.(qiánɡ)留

数.(shuò)击杀 D.挟.(jiā)矢

偕.(xié)行

觱(bì)篥 2.下列加点词解释不正确的是()A.七省好事者...皆来学 喜欢多事的人 B.饮食拱揖..不暂去

拱手作揖 C.吾数击杀响马贼...

拦路抢劫的强盗 D.宋将军屏息..观之

(害怕得)不敢大声出气

3.下列句子中加点的词,意义相同的一项是()A.人以其雄健.时座上有健.啖客

B.貌甚寝.既同寝 .

C.方期.我决斗某所不期

.而遇D.吾数.击杀响马贼歌数 .阕,美人和之

4.下列句子中的“许”字,意义相同的两项是()A.大铁椎,不知何许.人。B.引之长丈许.。C.时人莫之许.也。D.“然郑亡,子亦有不利焉。”许.之。E.步行负弓矢从者百许.

人 5.下列句子中的“且”字,解释不正确的一项是()A.祸且及汝(将)B.贼能且众(又)C.且欲观客所为(况且)D.北山愚公者,年且九十(将近)6.下列句子中的“之”字,全是代词的一组是()①引之长丈许 ②将军强留之

③顷之,贼二十余骑四面集 ④而妻子奴婢皆有自得之意 ⑤宋将军屏息观之 ⑥一日之内,一宫之间

A.①②④

B.①③⑥ C.①②⑤

D.②④⑤

7.下列句子中的“以”字,意义相同的一组是()

A.以故汉追及之

令骑将灌婴以五千骑追之

B.以为豪以赐公

C.以无厚入有间

吾骑马挟矢以助战

D.无以渡

是以十九年而刀刃若新发于硎

8.大铁椎无疑是一“异人”,下面对其“异处”分析不正确的一项是()

A.“健啖”写其食量之异,“貌甚寝”写其容貌之异。

B.右胁之下的大铁椎“重四五十斤”,“柄铁折叠环复,如锁上练,引之长丈许”,从重量、形状与构造上写其武器之异。

C.片刻不离大铁椎,“罕言语”,不告诉别人姓名,是他行为举止之异。

D.“语类楚声”是其语言之异。9.翻译下面句子。

(1)但观之,慎弗声,令贼知也。

________________________________________________________________________

(2)宋将军故自负,且欲观客所为。

______________________________________________________________________

1、青春,是与七个自己相遇。一个明媚,一个忧伤,一个华丽,一个冒险,一个倔强,一个柔软,最后那个正在成长。

2、心中有梦,才能看到远方。心中有路,才能走得踏实。

3、谁不是一边受伤,一边学会坚强。

4、彩虹的七色是由勤劳的赤、谦虚的橙、刻苦的绿、诚实的黄、认真的青、俭朴的蓝和团结的紫组成的,让我们拥有这七色元素,为祖国画一道绚丽的彩虹!

5、成功从不会放弃任何人,只有你放弃成功罢了。

6、我们不怕不懂,就怕装懂;不怕不足,就怕满足。

7、没有松柏恒,难得雪中青。

8、失败,是成功蝉蜕下的虚壳;成功,是失败破裂后的彩蝶。

9、江河有流尽之时,毅力无倒塌之日。

10、成功不是回首,不是寄望,而是把握现在。

5.中考英语特殊句式总结 篇五

热点一:祈使句

祈使句通常用来表示请求、命令、劝告、叮嘱、禁止、建议、警告、号召或祝愿等语气, 目的明确,在口语中应用广泛。在历年中考试题中,祈使句是考查热点之一,备受命题人的青睐,每年的试题均有涉及。

1. 对祈使句谓语动词形式的考查

祈使句主语一般是第二人称(you),为了强调和增强句子节奏,往往省略主语(you)。所以祈使句都是以动词原形开头。

【真题链接1】(长春卷) ______ along this street, and you can find the hotel on your right, next to the market.

A. Walk B. To walk

C. Walks D. Walking

【真题链接2】(20河南卷) ______ kind and helpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a nice place to live in.

A. Be B. Being

C. To be D. Been

Key: 1~2 AA

2. 对祈使句否定形式的考查

祈使句的否定形式通常是在句首加dont或never(语气更强)构成。

【真题链接3】(年绥化卷) ______ swim in the river alone, Karen. Its too dangerous.

A. Not B. Dont

C. Doesnt

【真题链接4】(2015年盐城卷) Daniel, ______ play with the mobile phone while youre walking in the street.

A. dont B. doesnt

C. wont D. cant

【真题链接5】(2015年陕西卷) ______ on the grass, or it will “cry”.

A. To walk B. Not to walk

C. Walk D. Dont walk

Key: 3~5 BAD

注意:

(1)如果是带有主语的祈使句,通常将dont置于主语前面。如:

Dont you speak to me like that! 你别这样跟我讲话!

(2)“Lets ...”祈使句的否定结构一般由“Lets not ...”构成。如:

We only have an hour. Lets not argue about it.我们只有一个小时的时间。别再争论这个了。

3. 对“祈使句+ and (then) / or (else) +简单句”的考查

在该句型中,如果祈使句与后面的陈述句是顺承关系,则用连词and或and then;如果祈使句与后面的陈述句是转折关系,则用连词or或or else。此外,该句型中,祈使句表示“条件”,简单句表示“结果”。简单句中谓语动词通常用一般将来时或用情态动词表示将来。

【真题链接6】(2015年北京卷) Get up early, ______ youll be late for school.

A. so B. and

C. or D. but

【真题链接7】(2015年黄石卷) Be quiet, my kids, ______ you will have to stay outside, because this is a library.

A. and B. because

C. or D. but

【真题链接8】(2015年重庆卷) Youd better take care, ______ you will hurt your eyes.

A. so B. but

C. or D. and

【真题链接9】(2015年德州卷) Youd better wake up Tom at 6:30, ______ he will be late for the match.

A. if B. or

C. and D. but

Key: 6~9 CCCB

4.对祈使句附加问句的考查

由于祈使句的动作通常是指将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,肯定回答用“Yes, I will.”,否定回答用“No, I wont.”。祈使句后可以跟附加问句以加强语气或使语气变得更加委婉一些。

(1)肯定的祈使句,若表示“请求或要求”,后面的附加问句通常用用will you;若表示“邀请或劝说”,后面的附加问句通常用wont you(也可用will you)。

(2)否定的祈使句,后面的附加问句通常用will you。

(3)如果以“Lets ...”开头的祈使句表示“建议”,则其后的附加问句通常用shall we / shant we。

(4)如果以“Let us ...”开头的祈使句表示 “请求”,则其后的附加问句通常用will you。

【真题链接10】(2015年安顺卷) —Dont be late for school next time, ______?

—No, I wont.

A. are you B. will you

C. do you D. did you

【真题链接11】(2015年宜宾卷) Nancy, sweep the classroom, ______?

A. dont you B. do you

C. will you D. doesnt she

Key: 10~11 BC

热点二:感叹句

英语中的感叹句通常是由what或how引导,表示惊奇、赞赏、愤怒、喜悦、惋惜或愿望,句末加感叹号。中考对感叹句的考查一般为以下几种形式:

1. 对what引导的感叹句的考查

what引导的感叹句有:

(1) What + a / an + adj. +可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!

(2) What + adj. +可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!

(3) What + adj. +不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!

【真题链接1】(2015年云南卷) ______ useful robot! It can help with the housework like a human servant.

A. How B. What an

C. How a D. What a

【真题链接2】(2015年宿迁卷) —Lets go to Luoma Lake and take the Ferris Wheel (摩天轮) to enjoy the view of Suqian.

—______ interesting idea!

A. What B. What an

C. How D. How an

【真题链接3】(2015年长沙卷) —Jane Zhang is going to hold a concert here in July.

—Really? ______ exciting news!

A. How B. What an

C. What

【真题链接4】(2015年襄阳卷) —The passenger ship Eastern Star capsized (倾覆) in the Yangtze River on the evening of June 1st.

—______ bad news! Can we do something to help with the rescue (救援)?

A. What a B. What

C. How a D. How

【真题链接5】(2015年永州卷) ______ Su Bingtian is! He finished the 100-meter race in 9.99 seconds.

A. How a fast runner

B. What a fast runner

C. What fast runner

【真题链接6】(2015年宜昌卷) —Our team has won the first prize in the soccer games.

—Congratulations! ______ team you are!

A. How great

B. What a great

C. What great

D. How a great

【真题链接7】(2015年乐山卷) ______ beautiful picture! I couldnt believe it was painted by a young child.

A. What a B. What

C. How

【真题链接8】(2015年盐城卷) ______ great fun we had in Yandu Park last Sunday!

A. How B. What

C. What a D. How a

Key: 1~5 DBCBB 6~8 BAB

2. 对how引导的感叹句的考查

how引导的感叹句有:

(1) How + adj. / adv.(+主语+谓语)!

(2) How + adj. + a / an +可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!

【真题链接1】(2015年郴州卷) ______ dangerous it is for a child to swim alone in a river!

A. What B. What a

C. How

【真题链接2】(2015年株洲卷) ______ fantastic the dragon boat teams are!

A. How B. What

C. What a

【真题链接3】(2015年济宁卷) —Wow! ______ beautiful the music is!

—Yes. Thats my favorite.

A. What B. What a

C. What an D. How

【真题链接4】(2015年玉林卷) ______ interesting the book is! I want to buy one, too.

A. How B. What

C. How an D. What an

【真题链接5】(2015年丹东卷) —______ exciting the movie is!

—Sure, I have seen it three times.

A. What B. What an

C. How D. How an

【真题链接6】(2015年上海卷) ______ important it is for kids to imagine freely!

A. What B. What a

C. What an D. How

【真题链接7】(2015年广东卷) —So far, Su Bingtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds.

—______ he runs!

A. How slow B. How fast

C. What a slow D. What a fast

Key: 1~5 CADAC 6~7 DB

热点三:there be句型

there be句型常译为“有”。在这个句式中,there不是主语而是引导词,主语是be动词后的名词,be动词应与后边的主语保持一致(当主语不止一个时,应遵循“就近一致”的原则);be动词前还可以加上can, may, must, might, used to, ought to, seem to, happen to等情态动词或短语动词;be动词还可以被stand, live, lie, exist, appear等表示“存在”概念的动词替代。

【真题链接1】(2015年安徽卷) Drive slowly, Mary. ______ is something ahead on the road.

A. It B. This

C. That D. There

【真题链接2】(2015年广东卷) —______ there any living things on other planets?

—I have no idea. Maybe we can know more about that in the future.

A. Is B. Are

C. Has D. Have

【真题链接3】(2015年广州卷) The weather forecast says that ______ another storm tomorrow.

A. there will haveB. there will be

C. there has D. there has been

【真题链接4】(2015年襄阳卷) —We ordered beef noodles, but ______ any beef in the noodles.

—Put on your glasses and you can see the beef.

A. there isnt B. there is

C. there arent D. there are

【真题链接5】(2015年重庆卷) There ______ more and more foreigners learning Chinese now.

A. is B. are

C. was D. were

【真题链接6】(2015年黔西南卷) There ______ a basketball match between Class One and Class Three this afternoon.

A. is going to be B. will have

C. are going to beD. is going to have

【真题链接7】(2015年白银卷) There ______ great changes in such kind of PDA (掌上电脑) in the last few years.

A. has been B. have been

C. has had D. have had

【真题链接8】(2015年泰安卷) —Why are you in such a hurry, John?

—There ______ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.

A. will be B. was

C. would be D. has been

【真题链接9】(威海卷) There ______ a great concert in the theater next Saturday evening.

A. will be B. will have

C. has D. is going to have

Key: 1~5 DBBAB 6~9 ABAA

热点四:so和neither / nor构成的固定倒装句

由so,neither / nor引导的倒装句指上句话提到的情况同样适合下文的人或物,为了避免和上文的内容重复,英语中习惯用 so, neither / nor 引导的倒装句。so引导的倒装句表示肯定的情况;neither / nor 引导的倒装句表示否定的情况。倒装句的时态与前一句时态保持一致,上下文陈述的不是同一人或事物。其基本结构为:“so+be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示“某人或某物的情况也是如此”;“neither / nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示“某人或某物的情况也不这样”。

【真题链接1】(2015年安顺卷) —They go to school early in the morning.

—______.

A. So do Tom B. So Tom do C. So does TomD. So Tom does

【真题链接2】(2015年无锡卷) —What language is that guy speaking? I can hardly catch a single word!

—______. Hes from India, so I guess it is Hindi.

A. Neither I can B. Neither can I

C. So I can D. So can I

【真题链接3】(2015年黔西南卷) —Tom didnt go for a picnic yesterday.

—______.

A. So did I

B. So I did

C. Neither did I

D. Neither I did

【真题链接4】(20宜宾卷) —Im not going swimming this afternoon.

—______. I have to help my mother do some cleaning.

A. So am I

B. So I am

C. Neither am I

D. Neither I am

【真题链接5】(2015年曲靖卷) —I like the smells in the air—newly-cut grass and sweet flowers.

—______. It smells so nice.

A. So I do B. So do I

C. So am I D. So I am

【真题链接6】(2015年龙东卷) —Lucy cant go mountain climbing with us tomorrow.

—______. I have to do housework at home.

A. So can I

B. Neither can I

C. Neither I can

【真题链接7】(2015年黑河卷) —I cant hang out with you because of illness.

—If you dont go, ______.

A. neither will I

B. so do I

C. neither do I

【真题链接8】(年遂宁卷) —Will you go to Peters party this Saturday evening?

—I havent decided yet. If you dont go, ______.

A. so will I

B. neither do I

C. neither will I

Key: 1~5 CBCCB 6~8 BAC

注意:

“so+主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词”表示赞同,意为“某人或某物确实如此”。 这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如:

—She speaks English very well. 她英语说得很好。

—So she does. 确实是这样。

【真题链接9】(2015年泰安卷) —Taian is a really comfortable city to live in.

—______, and its world famous for Mount Tai.

A. So it is B. So is it

C. So it does D. So does it

【真题链接10】(2014年云南卷) —Kunming is really a comfortable city to live in.

—______. The weather is pleasant.

A. So it is B. So is it

C. So it does D. So does it

Key: 9~10 AA

热点五:it句型

很多中考试题中的单项选择题都考查了与it相关的句型,现将相关考点分述如下:

1. It is + adj. (+ of / for sb.) + to do sth.

在该句型中,当该形容词(如necessary, important, difficult, hard, easy, impossible等)表示对整个事情进行评价时,用for;当该形容词(如kind, nice, good, bad, wise, clever, silly, foolish, careless, brave, careful, wrong, right 等)表示人的性格或特点时,必须用of。

【真题链接1】(2015年长沙卷) Its necessary for us ______ to our parents when we have problems.

A. to talk B. talking

C. talk

【真题链接2】(2015年连云港卷) Its great ______ us to get so many favourite books on International Childrens Book Day.

A. to B. with

C. of D. for

【真题链接3】(温州卷) Its _______ to listen to light music when you feel tired.

A. dangerous B. scary

C. relaxing D. difficult

【真题链接4】(20安徽卷) It is helpful to ______ a good habit of reading in language learning.

A. take B. show

C. develop D. match

Key: 1~4 ADCC

2. It is / has been +一段时间+ since从句

若since从句中的谓语动词为延续性动词,则该句型意为“自……以来已有多长时间了”;若since从句中的谓语动词为短暂性动词,则该句型意为“自不……以来已有多长时间了”。

【真题链接5】 (年杭州卷) —What was the party like?

—Wonderful! Its years ______ I enjoyed myself so much.

A. after B. before

C. when D. since

【真题链接6】(2013年上海卷) It ______ ten years since the Whites ______ in the village.

A. has been; lived

B. has been; have lived

C. is; has lived

D. will be; lived

Key: 5~6 DA

3. It + be +一段时间+ before从句

若主句中的be动词是was或wasnt,则该句型表示“从句动作发生以前已过了多长时间”;若谓语动词是will / wont be, 则该句型表示“过多久/过不多久某事将会发生”。

【真题链接7】(2013年北京卷) It will be quite some time ______ she is back again, so dont be too angry with her.

A. that B. since

C. before D. until

Key: 7. C

4. It is up to sb. to do sth.

该句型意为“由某人负责干某事”。

【真题链接8】(2013年上海卷) It is up ______ Tom ______ decide when to start.

A. to; which B. to; to

C. of; to D. to; for

Key: 8. B

5. It is no wonder + that从句 / No wonder + that从句

该句型意为“难怪……”。

【真题链接9】(2013年南京卷) They are all classmates. ______ is no wonder ______ they should help each other with their studies.

A. This; whether B. It; if

C. That; that D. It; that

Key: 9. D

6. It is / was +具体时间+ when从句。该句型意为“在……时候,某事发生了”。

【真题链接10】(2013年广州卷) It was five oclock in the afternoon ______ they got to the top of the mountain.

A. since B. when

C. that D. until

Key: 10. B

热点六:反意疑问句

1. 对反意疑问句基本形式的考查

反意疑问句,也叫附加疑问句,其谓语必须参照前面陈述部分的谓语形式,与其在人称、数和时态上与之保持一致。要注意“前肯后否”和“前否后肯”的原则,即:陈述部分用肯定句时,附加问句用否定形式(与not连用时要注意用缩写形式);反之,陈述部分为否定句时,附加问句用肯定形式。一般来说,陈述部分含有否定词not, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, neither, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none等时应视为否定句。

【真题链接1】(2015年呼和浩特卷) We have to finish the work now, ______?

A. dont we B. havent we

C. have we D. do we

【真题链接2】(2015年益阳卷) —Its Fathers Day today, ______?

—Yes, lets buy a gift for Dad.

A. isnt he B. doesnt it

C. isnt it

【真题链接3】(2013年益阳卷) —Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning, ______?

—______. He got up too late.

A. had he; Yes

B. hadnt he; Yes

C. did he; No

【真题链接4】(2013年十堰卷) Theres little important news in the newspaper today, ______?

A. isnt there B. is there

C. is it D. are there

Key: 1~4 ACCB

注意:

当陈述部分为复合句时,一般情况下,附加问句应同陈述部分的主句保持一致。当陈述部分的主句是I think, I believe, I guess等时,附加问句应与其宾语从句保持一致。

【真题链接5】(2013年黄石卷) I dont think the newly-directed film by Zhao Wei is as interesting as people say, ______?

A. do you B. isnt it

C. is it D. dont you

Key: 5. C

2. 对反意疑问句的答语的考查

反意疑问句的回答形式类似于一般疑问句,即:yes后面无not,no后面带not。当反意疑问句为“前肯后否”时,yes仍译作“是”,no译作“不”。

【真题链接6】(2013年兰州卷) —He hasnt watched the movie “So Young”, has he?

—______. He told me it was very moving and interesting, and hed like to watch it again.

A. Yes, he has

B. Yes, he hasnt

C. No, he hasnt

D. No, he has

【真题链接7】(2013年宜宾卷) —Sam didnt go to school yesterday, did he?

—______. He was ill yesterday.

A. Yes, he did B. No, he did C. No, he didnt D. Yes, he didnt

【真题链接8】(2013年镇江卷) —You have joined the Singing Club, havent you?

—______. I like singing, but I dont have any time.

A. Yes, I do B. No, I dont

C. Yes, I have D. No, I havent

Key: 6~8 ACD

热点七:表示“提建议”的句型

中考英语试题中常考的“提建议”的句型有:

1. had better (not) do sth.“最好(不)做某事”

2. How about / What about doing sth.?“做某事怎么样”

3. I think you should do sth.“我认为你应该做某事”

4. Lets do sth.“让我们做某事吧”

5. Why not do sth. / Why dont you do sth.? “为什么不做某事”

【真题链接1】(2015年苏州卷) —We can invite Nick and Nora to Shanghai Disneyland with us.

—______? Ill give them a call right now.

A. Why not B. What for

C. Why D. What

【真题链接2】(2013年咸宁卷) Its rather hot in the room. Youd better ______ the window or the door.

A. close B. not to close

C. dont close D. not close

【真题链接3】(2013年丽水卷) —Can I have some cookies, Mom?

—______ Ill get you some.

A. No way.

B. How come?

C. How can it be?

D. Why not?

【真题链接4】(2013年广州卷) —I feel very tired.

—______

A. Lucky you!

B. Youd better work harder.

C. Congratulations!

D. Why not go and have a rest?

Key: 1~4 ADDD

热点八:表示“花费”的句型

中考英语试题中常考查学生对下列表示“花费”的固定句型的运用能力:

1. It takes sb. some time to do sth.“干某事花某人一些时间”

2. sb. spend some time on sth. / (in) doing sth.“某人花时间在某事上/某人花时间干某事”

3. sth. cost sb. some money“某事花费某人一些钱”

4. pay some money for sth.“为某事(物)付钱”

【真题链接1】(2015年襄阳卷) —Its reported that Chinese ______ more than 40 minutes a day reading WeChat (微信).

—Its true. But I think WeChat is taking too much of our time.

A. spend B. cost

C. pay D. take

【真题链接2】(2015年福州卷) —It will ______ only about 50 minutes to travel to Mount Wuyi by high-speed railway.

—Wow, how exciting! I cant wait.

A. take B. spend

C. cost

Key: 1~2 AA

巩固练习:

从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. —______ nice day today!

—Yeah, lets take a walk outside.

A. What a B. What

C. How D. How a

2. —Look! This sweater is beautiful.

—______?

A. Why not trying it on

B. Why not try on it

C. Why not try it on

D. Why not trying on it

3. —Listen! Someone is playing the piano.

—Wow! ______ beautiful music! I like it very much.

A. What B. How a

C. What a D. How

4. It seemed only a few minutes ______ the boy finished washing his face.

A. when B. till

C. after D. before

5. It is careless ______ the same mistake in your composition again.

A. for you to make

B. for you making

C. of you to make

D. of you making

6. It ______ two years ______ he joined the League.

A. was; when B. was; since

C. has been; since D. is; before

7. One more month, ______ these baby birds will fly out of their nest.

A. or B. and

C. but D. otherwise

8. ______ learning English, listening, speaking, reading and writing ______ the four basic skills.

A. In; are B. On; is

C. For; is D. To; are

9. Alice, you must make sure that the children here are well looked after, ______?

A. dont you B. doesnt she

C. will you D. would she

10. ______, the colder the winters are.

A. The more north you go

B. The farther you go the north

C. The more you go north

D. The farther north you go

11. —Do you know? Henry didnt win that speech contest.

—______? I was sure he would. He worked so hard on it.

A. Do I B. Dont I

C. Did he D. Didnt he

12. ______ our earth, or else it will be no longer fit for us to live on.

A. Protected B. To protect

C. Protecting D. Protect

13. ______ the whole passage fast, so that you will get a general idea of it.

A. Reading B. To read

C. Read D. Have read

14. Let us forget the past, ______?

A. dont you B. shall we

C. do we D. will you

15. —Your sister isnt a nurse, is she?

—______. She teaches English in a middle school.

A. No, she isnt

B. Yes, she is

C. Yes, she isnt

D. No, she is

16. There isnt any chicken on the plate, ______?

A. is it B. isnt it

C. isnt there D. is there

17. —I hear Huang Gang made an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday.

—______, and ______.

A. So he did; so did I

B. So did he; so I did

C. So he was; so was I

D. So was he; so I was

18. —My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow.

—______. Shall we go together?

A. So am I B. So do I

C. So I am D. So will I

19. —______ beautiful day it is! Lets go and have a picnic in the park.

—Good idea!

A. How B. How a

C. What D. What a

20. —Kate has won the first prize in the singing competition.

—______ pleasant surprise this gave her classmates!

A. What B. How

C. What a D. How a

21. —______ beautiful city!

—Yes. Lots of tourists come to visit it every year.

A. How B. What

C. How a D. What a

22. —There are always many volunteers in great events, ______?

—Yes. Many hands make light work!

A. arent there B. are there

C. arent they D. are they

23. ______ good job she does! She is really a clever girl.

A. What B. How

C. What a D. How a

24. —Zhou Weilun could hardly speak English three years ago, ______?

—No, he couldnt. But now he is quite good at it.

A. couldnt he B. could he

C. didnt he D. did he

25. —______ wonderful dictionary it is! Thank you for buying me such a useful present.

—Im glad you like it.

A. What a B. What

C. How a D. How

26. ______ happily the children are flying kites!

A. What B. What a

C. How D. How a

27. Lets search the Internet for some information about famous people, ______?

A. will you B. wont you

C. shall we D. do you

28. —Meat isnt really dangerous, is it?

—Oh! ______! Its not at all good for our health.

A. Yes, it isnt

B. No, it is

C. Yes, it is

D. No, it isnt

29. ______ worried about me, Mom. Ive grown up.

A. Dont B. Dont be

C. Not D. Not be

30. Take a cup of water, ______ you will feel better.

A. or B. but

C. so D. and

31. Mrs. Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a cellphone, ______?

A. doesnt she B. does she

C. is he D. isnt he

32. —Which team do you think will win the game, Houston Rockets or New Jersey Nets?

—I dont know, ______.

A. nor do I careB. nor I care

C. so I care D. so do I care

33. Dont talk loudly while another student is speaking, ______?

A. will you B. wont you

C. do you D. dont you

34. —Lovely day, isnt it?

—Yes, ______

A. you are right.B. isnt it?

C. sure. D. is it?

35. I dont think he did so much homework last night, ______?

A. do I B. did he

C. does he D. can he

36. I dont know if Jack ______. If he ______, call me, please.

A. will come; will come

B. comes; comes

C. comes; will come

D. will come; comes

37. —Lets go to play soccer after class, OK?

—______

A. Not at all.

B. Why not?

C. Never mind.

D. Take it easy.

38. —As a member of bus driver, I am proud of Wu Bin.

—______. He is a hero in my heart.

A. So do I B. So I am

C. So am I D. Neither am I

39. —David has made great progress recently.

—______, and ______.

A. So he has; so you have

B. So he has; so have you

C. So has he; so have you

D. So has he; so you have

40. —Tom, Im watching a football match.What about you?

—______.

A. So do I B. So am I

C. So I do D. So I am

41. Im interested in animals, so I ______ every Saturday working in an animal hospital.

A. pay B. get

C. take D. spend

42. Dont smoke in the meeting room, ______?

A. do you B. will you

C. can you D. could you

43. —Lets go and fly kites, ______?

—Wonderful.

A. will you B. shall we

C. dont you D. do you

44. —Cathy is reading an English magazine now, isnt she?

—______. She is busy cleaning the house.

A. No, she is

B. Yes, she isnt

C. Yes, she is

D. No, she isnt

45. The science book ______ me a great amount of money.

A. took B. cost

C. used D. spent

46. I am sorry because I am afraid it will be some time ______ we know the full results.

A. when B. while

C. before D. since

47. —Jim should have been informed of the wedding place.

—______, but he simply forgot about it.

A. So he had B. So had he

C. So was he D. So he was

48. Its said that the power plant is now ______ large as what it was.

A. twice as B. as twice

C. twice much D. much twice

49. —How can I apply for an online course?

—Just fill out this form and we ______ what we can do for you.

A. see B. are seeing

C. have seen D. will see

50. ______ down the radio—the babys asleep in the next room.

A. Turning B. Turn

C. Turned D. To turn

51. He said that he wouldnt leave for Shanghai the next week, ______?

A. didnt he B. did he

C. wouldnt he D. would he

52. I think Kate liked singing at that time, ______?

A. dont I B. do I

C. didnt she D. did she

Key:

1~5 ACADC 6~10 CBACD

11~15 DDCDA 16~20 DADDC

21~25 DACBA 26~30 CCCBD

31~35 BAABB 36~40 DBCBB

41~45 DBBDB 46~50 CDADB

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