初三英语竞赛及答案

初三英语竞赛及答案（共5篇）

1.初三英语竞赛及答案 篇一

一、听力测试部分(共三节)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分。)

听下面5个问题，每个问题后有三个答语，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每个问题后，你都有5秒钟的时间来作答和阅读下一小题，每个问题仅读一遍。

1.A. Last week. B. In the school magazine.

C. Nice idea!.

2.A. In Australia. B. It’s fantastic. C. Too far.

3.A. OK. Here you are. B. In my bag. C. Expensive.

4. A. Yes, please. B. No problem C. Fine, thanks.

5. A. It’s free. B. Yes, please. C. In two days.

第二节(共7小题;每小题1分，满分7分。)

听下面7段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

6.What did Susan do this morning?

A. Played tennis. B. Played volleyball C. Played table tennis.

7. What do we know about Sara’s computer?

A. Her computer is less expensive.

B. She bought it last week.

C. Her computer is more expensive.

8. Where are the two people?

A. In drugstore. B. In a library. C. In a bookshop.

9. How much does the man pay for two boxes of chocolates?

A. Forty yuan. B. thirty-five yuan. C. Forty-five yuan.

10. Why did the girl go to bed early ?

A. She was ill. B. She felt tired. C. She was sleepy

11.What will the girl do first?

A. Help them. B. Call thee doctor. C. Call the police.

12.What will the two people do?

A. Plant flowers. B. See a patient. C. Work in the hospital.

第三节(共13小题;每小题1分，满分13分。)

听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话和独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15题。

13. What are the speakers talking about?

A. The environment. B. Traffic problems. C. Water.

14. What do they prefer to take for some place?

A. By bus. B. By car. C. By bike.

15. Which of the following isn’t talked about?

A. Destroying trees. B. Recycling water. C. Saving electricity.

听下面一段对话，回答第16至第18题。

16. Where did Harry stay in England?

A. In London. B. In Manchester. C. In Liverpool.

17. How long has Harry stayed in England ?

A. 2 weeks. B. 4 weeks. C. 6 weeks.

18. What was the weather like in England when Harry was there?

A. Hot. B. Cool. C. Foggy.

听下面一段对话，回答第19至第22题。

19. What would the boy like to do this afternoon?

A. To buy a present.

B. To go swimming.

C. To go to the cinema.

20. Why doesn’t the girl buy her cousin a watch?

A. Her cousin has had a beautiful watch.

B. Her cousin doesn’t like what costs her too much.

C. Her cousin doesn’t like to wear a watch.

21. What does the girl decide to buy at last?

A. A book. B. A clock. C. A cap.

22. What can we know about the girl?

A. She knows what the boy likes to read.

B. A sweater is expensive for her to buy.

C. She wants to buy a cap for herself.

听下面一段材料，回答第23至第25题。

23. What does Mr. Smith want to do every evening?

A. Listen to his wife talking.

B. Watch TV.

C. Go to bed early.

24. How did Mrs. Smith feel when the doctor gave her some medicine?

A. Happy. B. Angry. C. Surprised.

25. What’s the doctor’s suggestion about Mr. Smith?

A. Mrs. Smith helped him do his work.

B. Mrs. Smith should take some medicine.

C. Mrs. Smith should tell his husband interesting things.

二、选择填空(本题共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分。)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

26. Mrs. Green has a beautiful garden and she ________ in it for some time every day.

A. worked B. works

C. had worked D. will work

27. —When _______ you _______ to learn to drive?

—I really can’t remember the time.

A. does; begin B.did; begin C. have; begun D. had; begun

28. —What are you going to do next?

—Well, I _________ about that yet..

A. don’t think B. didn’t think C. haven’t thought D. hadn’t thought

29. —Tom is really careless!

—Be______. He’s a 3-year-old kid after all.

A. secret B. active C. patient D. careful

30. —Something wrong with my computer. It’s too slow!.

—I’ll tell you some ways to _____ your computer speed.

A. discover B. increase C. create D. repeat

31. A good student must ______ what he reads with what he sees around him.

A. pronounce B. repeat C. review D. connect

32. —Do you notice that there’s something wrong with Tina today ?.

—Yes. There is a(n) _______of sadness on her face.

A. meaning B. question C. expression D. understanding

33. —Supper is ready! Can you help _____ the knives and forks on the table, Tom?

—OK, mum!

. A. put out B. lay out C. work out D. find out

34. —Did you find the small village where you once worked?

—Yes, without any difficulty, for it has ______ changed over years.

A. hardly B. greatly C. clearly D. mostly

35. —It seems that everybody knows it now!

—I wonder who ____ the news around.

A. treat B. spread C. admire D. lay

36. _____ good weather! Why not got out for a walk?

A. What a B. How a C. What D. How

37. I’m afraid I have to be on a diet. I have ______ a lot.

A. Put up B. put on C. put off D. put away

38. —Do you know the lady in yellow at the gate?

—Sorry. I don’t know _______ .

A. what is she B. which is she C. who she is D. how she is

39. —Will Susan come to the party?

—I don’t know. She didn’t give me a ____ reply.

A. right B. direct C. good D. special

40. I have read many books _____ European history.

A. in B. on C. with D. to

三、完形填空(本题共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41～55各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

At a day care center in Texas, Jessica McClure was playing outside. Jessica’s mother, 41 worked at the day care center, was watching her. Suddenly Jessica 42 and disappeared. Jessica’s mother cried and ran to her.

The well(水井) in the yard was only eight inches(英寸) across, and a rock always 43 it. But children had moved the rock. 44 Jessica fell, she fell right into the well.

Jessica’s mother ran to a phone and called 911 for 45 . Men from the fire department arrived. They 46 that Jessica was about 20 feet(英尺) down in the well. Then they told Jessica’s parents their 47 . “We can’t go down into the well.” they said, “It’s too small. So, we’re going to dig a hole 48 the well. We’ll dig down about 20 feet. Then we’ll dig a tunnel(通道) across to Jessica. When we reach her, we’ll bring her through the tunnel. Then we’ll bring her up through our 49 . ”

The men began to dig the hole on a Wednesday morning. Two days later, on Friday morning, they were 50 digging. And Jessica McClure was still in the well.

All over the world people waited for news of Jessica. They read about her in newspapers and watched her rescuer(营救) on TV. Everyone 51 the little girl in the well.

At 8:00 p.m. on Friday, the men 52 reached J essica and brough her up from the well. Then doctors rushed her to the hospital. Jessica was badly injured but she was still 53 . A doctor at the hospital said, “Jessica is lucky she is very 54 . She’s not going to remember this very well.”

Maybe Jessica will not remember her days in the well. But her parents, her rescuers, and many other people around the world will not forget 55 .

After Jessica’s rescue, one of the rescuers made a metal cover for the well. On the cover be wrote, “To Jessica, with love from all of us.”

41. A. she B. who C. whom D. which

42. A. fell B. slept C. stopped D. rose

43. A. broke B. hid C. covered D. opened

44. A. Because B. Although C. If D. When

45. A. advice B. money C. help D. information

46. A. promised B. discovered C. hoped D. agreed

47. A. dream B. study C. lesson D. plan

48. A. next to B. along with C. far from D. out of

49. A. well B. tunnel C. hole D. yard

50. A. still B. already C. always D. almost

51. A. looked after B. worried about

C. made friends with D. stayed away from

52. A. immediately B. usually C. quickly D. finally

53. A. alone B. asleep C. alive D. afraid

54. A. young B. popular C. clever D. pretty

55. A. it B. them C. him D. us

四、阅读理解(本题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分。)

阅读下面三篇材料，从每题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

A

The Guinness World Records Museum address:329 Alamo Plaza, San Antonio, TX 78205

Open Hours: From September to May

10 am to 7 pm Sunday through Thursday

10 am to 10 pm Friday and Saturday From June to August

10 am to 10 pm Sunday through Thursday

10 am to Midnight Friday and Saturday

Adult single: $ 14.95 for 2 attractions, $18.95 for any 4 attractions, $22.95 for all attractions

Child(4～12)Single: $8.95 for 2 attractions , $11.95 for any 4 attractions, $11.95 for any 4 attraction, $14.95 for all attrations

In the museum you can enter the different exhibition halls you see below. In each of these halls you can see the world records of different kinds . Sometimes you may get a chance to do something so that you can know better how a record was set

56. On a Sunday in October, you may stay in the museum until _____.

A. 7:00 pm B. 8:00 pm

C. 9:00 pm D. 10:00 pm

57. From the advertisement we can learn that there are _______ visitors to the museum on Fridays and Saturdays in summer.

A.no B. some C. fewer D.more

58. A 10 -year-old girl and her mother will visit two attractions. How much will they pay ?

A.$14.95 B. $17.90 C.$ 23.90 D.$29.90.

59. If you want to see the smallest picture in the world , which exhibition hall will you visit ?

A. Society & Money.

B. Arts & Entertainment.

C. World Matters.

D. Material World.

60. According to (根据) the advertisement, sometimes visitors to the museum _______.

A. will surely meet one who set a record

B. may set a world record of their own

C. can experience how a record was set

D. may see someone setting a record

B

Lizards(蜥蜴) are unusual, but they can make good pets because most of them are small and easy to care for. They do not make loud noises, and they do not need to go for walks or take baths(洗澡)。

Of course, some lizards make better pets than others. One of the most popular lizards in pet stores is the bearded dragon. Bearded dragons are active during the day and do not mind people holding them. Geckos are another popular pet lizard. They are a little more difficult to care for. Geckos are active at night and need a warm place to live. Like bearded dragons, they can be held by their owners. Both of th ese lizards can live ten years or more when they are well cared for.

Two lizards that are bad choices for pets are iguanas and chameleons. Iguanas can grow to be almost two meters (nearly six feet), so they need a big space to live in. They can also bite(咬)or scratch(抓伤)their owners. Chameleons do not hurt their owners, but they are quite difficult to care for. While iguanas can live up to twenty years, chameleons do not live very long. Most do not live more than five years.

*Bearded dragons, geckos, iguanas and chameleons are different kinds of lizards.

61. This reading is about ________.

A. wild animals B. good and bad pets

C. the life of lizards D. the importance of lizards

62. Which is tr ue according to(根据) the passage?

A. It is not hard to care for most lizards.

B. All lizards are dangerous to children.

C. Lizards are better than dogs or cats.

D. Pet lizards ne ed walks and baths.

63. Which lizard would be good for a child to watch and play during the day?

A. A gecko. B. A chameleon.

C. A bearded dragon. D. An iguana.

64. Of all the lizards, _______ lives the longest.

A. a bearded dragon B. a gecko

C. a chameleon D. an iguana

65. The writer of the passage probably thinks that ______.

A. iguanas are not good pets for children

B. all lizards are good pets

C. most lizards are dangerous, so do not keep them as pets

D. no matter which lizard you get , do not hold it

C

I loved my mother’s desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it when mother sat doing letters. Looking at the ink bottle, pens and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world.

Years later , during her final illness, mother kept different things for my sister and brother, “But the desk,” she said again, “is for Elizabeth.”

I never saw her get angry, and never saw her cry. I knew she loved me, and she showed it in action. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.

They never happened and a gulf opened between us. I was “too emotional(易动感情的)”, but she lived “on the surface”.

As years went by and I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family. I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way that she did forgive(原谅)me.

I posted the letter and waited for her answer. It didn’t come.

It seemed that nothing happened. I couldn’t be sure that the letter had even got to her.

I only knew that I had written it, and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not.

Now the present of her desk told me that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work , thought she had never been able to . I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside… a photo of my father and a one-paper letter. Folded(折叠) and refolded many times.

Give me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always chose the act that speaks louder than words.

66. The writer began to love her mother’s desk ___________.

A. After mother died

B. when she was a child

C. before she became a writer

D. when mother gave it to her

67. The passage shows that mother __________

A. was too serious about everything her daughter had done

B. was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughter

C. cared much about her daughter in words

D. wrote to her daughter in careful words

68. The word “gulf ” in the 4 th paragraph means ______.

A. deep understanding between the old and the young

B. part of the sea going far in land

C. free talks between mother and daughter

D. different ideas between mother and daughter

69.What did mother do with her daughter’s letter asking for forgiveness?

A. She read the letter again and again till she died.

B. For years, she often talked about the letter.

C. She didn’t forgive her daughter at all in her life.

D. She had never received the letter.

70What’s the best title of the pas sage?

A. My letter to Mother

B. Mother and Children

C. My Mother’s Desk

D. Talks Between Mother and Me

第Ⅱ卷

五、词与短语选择填空(本题共5小题;每小题2分)

仔细阅读下面五个句子，然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。(提示：选项中有一个是多余的。)

influence admire humorous

take pride in in person corner

71. People like to ______ the fall moon on the Mid-autumn night..

72. A: Could you tell me where the library is?

B: It’s on the _______ of Main and center street.

73.The mother traveled for many hours to return home to talk to her child ______ .

74. Kate’s grandparents have had a great _______ on her.

75. That British teacher is very _______ . he always tells us interesting jokes.

六、阅读理解填词(本题共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

先阅读短文，然后在短文后76-85小题空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。

A man walked i 76 a doctor’s examining room. “Put out your tongue(舌头),” the doctor said.

“OK. There is nothing s 77 ,” the doctor said. “It’s clear what’s wrong with you. You need more exercise.” “But ,doctor ,” the man said . “I don’t think…”

“Don’t tell me what you think,” the doctor said. “I am the doctor , not you. I know what you need. I see hundreds of people like you. N 78 of them get any exercise. They sit in the office all day and in f 79 of the television in the evening. What you need is to walk quickly at l 80 twenty minutes a day.

“Doctor, you don’t understand,” the man said. “I…”

“There is no e 81, ” the doctor said. “You must find time for exercise. If you don’t, you will get fat and have health problems when you are old.”

“But I walk every day,” the man said.

“Oh, yes, and I know what kind of walking that is. You walk a few meters to the office from your house, and a few more meters to a r 82 for lunch and back.”

“Please listen to me, doctor!” the man s 83 at the doctor angrily. “I′m a mailman,” the man w 84 on, “I walk for seven hours every day.”

For a moment the doctor was silent, then he said quietly, “Put you tongue out a 85 , will you? ”

76. i 76 77. s 77 78. N 78 79. f 79 80. l 80

81. e 81 82. r 82 83. s 83 84. w 84 85. a 85

七、书面表达(本题15分。)

老师为了给学生提供英语实践的机会，将在周末举行英语交流活动，要求每位同学用英语介绍一位身边的同学(Li Ming)的情况，请你用英语准备一篇发言稿，要点如下：①很善于学习功课，最喜欢的科目是英语;②对人友善，乐于助人;③课余生活丰富，有自己的爱好;④喜爱音乐，常常上网搜索有用信息;⑤关于中学生如何生活谈一两点看法。

提示：①要求包括内容要点，语句通顺、意思连贯;②词数60～80词;③参考词汇(hobby爱好，internet互联网， information信息);④介绍的开头已给出。

Fellow students, I’m glad to tell you something about my friend, Li Ming.

2.初三英语竞赛及答案 篇二

一、小组合作的内涵

小组合作学习 (Cooperative Learning) , 就是指两个或两个以上的学生或群体, 为了达到共同的目的以合作学习小组的形式, 系统利用教学中动态因素之间的互动来促进学生的学习, 并以团体的成绩为评价标准共同达到教学目标和要求的教学活动。

新课改下的英语教学中, 实施师生合作互动学习的目的在于改变教师的教学方式, 为学生构建开放的学习环境, 培养学生多渠道地获取语言知识并加以运用的能力, 促进他们形成积极的学习动机、学习态度和良好的语言学习习惯及交际策略, 培养学生学会学习, 学会合作, 学会思想, 学会创新, 学会实践。

二、合作学习的特征和意义

1. 合作学习是学生通过分工合作共同达到学习目标的一种学习方式, 目前研究深入、运用广泛的基本学习方法有:

(1) 学生小组成绩分工法 (STAD) ; (2) 小组—游戏—竞赛法 (TGT) ; (3) 切块拼接法 (jigsaw) ; (4) 共学式 (LT) ; (5) 小组调查法 (GI) ; (6) 合作性读写一体化 (CIRC) 等。

2. 尽管合作学习的形式很多, 但都包含以下六个特征:

(1) 小组目标 (group goal) ; (2) 个人责任 (individual accountability) ; (3) 成功的均等机会 (equal? opportunities for success) ; (4) 小组竞争 (teamcompetition) ; (5) 任务专门化 ( task specialization) ; (6) 适应性需要 ( adaptation to individual need) 。

3. 从以上六个特征可以看出, 小组合作学习意义重大。

(1) 体现了现代教学理念。现代教育最重要的特征就是弘扬人的主体性主张通过学生对学习过程的主动参与, 培养其自主意识、自主习惯, 使用使其成为一个具有主体性人格的人。小组合作学习可使每个学生平等地参与学习, 并有充分发言和表现自己的机会。合作学习鼓励学生主动思考和主动探究, 学生的进取意识、创造意识和竞争意识能较好地得到强化。合作学习可真正使每个学生的主体地位和主体人格受到尊重。

(2) 培养了团体合作精神, 适应时代需求。教育学生学会共同生活是当今世界教育的重要课题。小组合作学习的过程中, 共同的学习目标将小组成员的个人利益与小组的集体利益紧紧地联系起来。为了达成共同的学习目标, 小组成员分式协作, 互相学习, 互相帮助, 使小组珠学习对他人的了解和对相互依赖的认识, 小组成员之间的关系体现了现代社会需要的团队合作精神。

(3) 转变教师角色, 充分开发和利用了教学中的人力资源。美国教育心理学家林格伦认为, 学习班是学生与教师 (师生观) 以及学生与学生 (生生观) 的共同活动。在小组合作学习中, 教师的角色发生变化, 他真正成为学生学习的向导和促进者, 有时还是共同学习的合作者。学生由于主体性得到体现, 自然会产生求知和探究的欲望会把学习当乐事, 最终进入学会、学会和乐学的境地。小组合作学习充分开发和利用了教学中的人力资源, 为现代教学系统注入了新的活力。

三、小组竞赛的必要性

小组竞赛积分的精神与新中学英语课程标准对教师的教育教学工作要求相吻合。新标准指出, 教师必须坚持以学生发展为本, 培养学生创新意识、实践能力和合作精神, 提高学生的品德、情感、意志和审美的综合素养, 塑造学生自尊、自信、自强的健全人格。因此, 小组竞赛有以下几个在课堂存在的必要性:

1. 小组竞赛有助于激发学生的兴趣, 调动学生的潜能。

2. 小组竞赛课堂竞赛教学方法, 可以促使学生在认知知识的同时, 注重对获取知识过程的体验, 掌握获取知识的方法。

3. 小组竞赛这一教学方法可以让课堂活起来, 只有课堂活起来, 学生才能主动地发展。它还有利于团队精神的培养和集体荣誉感的增强。

4. 小组竞赛体现了自主、合作、探究的理念。学生为了在竞赛中获胜, 就必须搜集信息和处理信息, 积极地去学习, 可以体现学生自主学习的特点。竞赛多是以分组形式展开的, 竞赛的过程又培养了学生合作的意识。组内讨论这种形式又可促使学生深入思考所学问题, 这又体现了探究的学习方式。

四、小组分组原则

小组合作学习有多种分组形式, 小组成员的组成一般遵循“组内异质, 组间同质”的原则, 这样既可以增加小组合作成员的多样性, 同时又有利于开展小组间的竞赛。

1. 两人分组 (通常为同桌) ;

2. 四人分组 (前后两排) ;

3. 8 ~ 9人分组 (纵向小组为单位) ;

4. 多人分组 (大组为单位PK、男女生PK、前四排与后四排PK) 。

摘要：新颁布的《英语新课程标准》倡导采用活动途径, 让学生通过“自主、合作、探究”的方式参与学习。英语教师引进能面向全体学生的、有利于学生语言实践活动全面开展的教学模式——小组合作学习。

3.初三英语竞赛及答案 篇三

笔试部分(共110分)

一、选择题 (15小题，共15分)

1-5 CABAD 6-10 BABCC 11-15CBBCB

二、完形填空 (10小题，共10分)

1-5.C B D D A 6-10 B C A A B

三、阅读理解 (15小题，每小题2分，共30分)

1-5 CDBAD 6-10 CBCBC 11-15 DDCAD

四、词汇(10小题，共10分)

1.praise 2.influenced 3.succeed 4.mentioned 5.pioneer

6.organized 7.suitable 8.absent 9.Neither 10 suggestion

六、缺词填空

1 Everyone 2 brave 3. stops 4. visits 5. way

6. job 7. much 8. chances 9. Or 10. leave

4.初三英语竞赛及答案 篇四

阅读理解综合练习

Do you know how to play a game called “Musical Chairs”? It is easy to play and most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs， some people and some way of making music. You may use a piano or any other musical instrument， if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can even use a radio.

Put the chairs in a row. The chairs may be put in twos， back to back. A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it.

The game is easy. When the music starts， the players walk round the chairs. Everyone goes in the same direction， of course， they should walk in time to the music. If the music is fast they should walk quickly. If the music is slow， they should walk slowly.

The person playing music cannot see the people in the game. When the music stops， the players try to sit on the chairs. If a person cannot find a chair to sit on， he drops out. Then， before the music starts again， one chair must be taken away. When the music stops again， one more player will be out.

At last， there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner.

根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。

1. If ten people are playing musical chairs， you must begin with _______.

A. nine chairs B. ten chairs

C. eleven chairs D. one chair

2. Which of the following is not suitable for playing musical chairs? _______.

A. A piano B. A radio

C. A tape recorder D. A telephone

3. The chairs should be put _______.

A. with the desks B. before the winner

C. all over the room D. in a line

4. When the music starts,the players must _______.

A. run about the room

B. get down

C. walk around the chairs

D. sit on the chairs

5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The game “Musical Chairs” is not difficult to learn.

B. The last one can sit on the last chair.

C. The winner can sit on the chair.

5.初三英语竞赛及答案 篇五

One day, Allan and his friend Henry went swimming in a river.It was very hot.How happy they were in the river!After they got out of the water, they played games in the sun for a while.On their way back, Henry saw some flowers.He liked flowers very much and ran into the green field to look at them.Now Allan was walking by himself.Then he heard Henry calling out, A snake（蛇）!Help!...Whats wrong with you? asked Allan.A snake bit（咬）me in the leg.Come here!

Allan ran over and saw a small red wound（伤口）on Henry s leg.The snake was in the grass.I didnt see it.Sit down quickly!Allan told Henry.Allan put his mouth at the little red wound and began to suck（吸）at it.In this way he saved（挽救）Henrys life.Oh, Allan, its very kind of you to help me.Thats all right.We are friends and we must always help each other.56.It was________ when-Allan and Henry went out.A.hot B.cold C.raining D.wet

57.After swimming, they played in the sun________.A.the whole morning B.for 2 hours

C.long D.for a while

58.On their way home,________ got something wrong with his

A.Allan;leg B.Allan;head

C.Henry;leg D.Henry;head

59.Henry and Allan are________.A.workers B.good friends

C.brothers D.farmers

60.Which of t he following（下面的）is true?