高中英语语法冠词讲解

高中英语语法冠词讲解（精选7篇）

1.高中英语语法冠词讲解 篇一

一、考纲要求

结合名词的分类情况，理解冠词表泛指、特指、类指、专指之间的区别;掌握有关冠词的习语及固定句型。

二、命题导向

冠词规则的灵活运用是高考命题的一个热点，几乎每年高考题的单项选择或完形填空都有涉及冠词的题目，不定冠词和定冠词的一些特殊用法，习惯用法及不用冠词的情况是高考重点考查的知识点。

三、复习要点

1.不定冠词的基本用法：

(1)表示数量“一”，相当于“one”。I’ll return in a day or two。

(2)表示“同一”，相当于“the same”。The children are of an age。

(3)表示泛指或类指，指人或事物的某一个、某一类。如：

He wants to he a doctor./ A horse is a useful animal。

(4)用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前，表示“每一”。如：

We have meals three times a day。(我们一天吃三餐。)

(5)用于专有名词前表示类似的一个或某一个，相当于“a certain”。如：

A Mr. Smith is asking to see you. (一位李先生要见你。)

(6)与某些物质名词或抽象名词连用，表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵……”如： a surprise一件令人惊讶的事;a success一个(件)成功的人(事);a green tea一种绿茶;a heavy rain一场(阵)大雨

(7)用在某些固定词组中。如：

①have a swim/walk/talk/dance/look =swim/walk/talk/dance/look

②have a cold, have a good time, keep a diary, in a hurry, once in a while, at a loss, for a while, once upon a time, all of a sudden, tell a lie, do sb. a favour, at a distance, have a good knowledge of, as a matter of fact

2.定冠词的基本用法：

(1)表示上文提到过的人或事物。如：I have bought a book. The book is very useful。

(2)用于说话人与听话人心中都有数的人或事物。如：Close the window, please。

(3)用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the world等。

(4)用于表示方位的名词之前。如：in the east, on the right。

(5)用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如：the first, the tallest。

(6)用于形容词之前，使其名词化，表示一类人。如：the sick, the wounded。

(7)用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如：the United States, the United Nation。

(8) 用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词之前。如：the Changjiang River, the East Lake。

(9)用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。如：The Smiths。

(10)用于作为课程或演奏等的西洋乐器名词前。如：play the piano; play the violin。

(11)用于表示单位的名词前。如：by the day(month)按日(月)，by the yard(foot)按码(英尺)

(12)用于年代、朝代、时代名词前。如：in the 1970s, the Tang Dynasty。

(13) 用于某些固定词组中。如：in the morning(afternoon, evening)， on the other hand , at the same time。

3.不用冠词的情况：

(1)不含普通名词的专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。如：China , America, Smith。

(2)可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。如：

I like this picture; Einstein’s theory proved to be correct。

(3)季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。如：

March, May Day, National Day, Children’s Day, Women’s Day，have supper

(4)呼语前不用冠词。如：What shall I do next, Mother?

(5)表示独一无二的头衔职务、职务名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，一般不加冠词。如：We elected him president of our university。

(6)学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。如：

Do you study physics?

He likes playing football/chess。

(7)复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。如：

They are peasants/ workers。

(8)在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。如：

by car, by bus, by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land

(9)连系动词turn后的表语单数可数名词前不用冠词。如：

The young worker has turned writer。

(10)no与such连用时应放在such之前，such后面的名词前不用冠词。如：

No such thing has ever happened in this village。

(11)as, though引导的倒装的让步状语从句中的表语(单数可数名词名词)置于句首时不用冠词。如：child as he is, he knows a lot。

(12)某些固定词组中不用冠词。如：husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork, young and old, arm in arm, hand in hand, side by side, go to school, leave school, in prison, to(at, from, at work, on foot, from door to door, from morning till night, year after year, step by step

四、注意事项

1. 在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同。

go to school 去上学 in hospital 住院(因病)

go to the school 去学校 in the hospital在医院(工作、参观等)

in front of在前面，指某物体之外 in charge负责，主管

in the front of在前部，指某物之内 in the charge由……负责

out of question没问题

out of the question不可能

2.初中英语语法冠词介绍 篇二

冠词

一、冠词的概念

冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义.冠词可分为定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类.

二、不定冠词：a/an

1.a用于辅音发音开头的词前，而不是辅音字母前面, 如：a book, a desk; 有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头，但需用a修饰，这些单词可以连成一句话：In a university, a European united a one-eyed man to steal a useful thing, then ran away along a one-way road. This is a usual thing.在一所大学里，一个欧洲人联合独眼龙偷了一件有用的东西，然后沿着一条单行道逃跑了。这是一件平常的事。

2.an用于元音发音开头的词前，而不是元音字母前，如：an apple, an hour.

有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头，但发音却是以元音开头，这些单词可以连成一句话：An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable task.一个小时以前，一个诚实人接受了一项光荣的任务。

a/an的用法：

1. a/an 用于单数可数名词前,表示“某一”“一…”或者“一个”的意思.

a book a boy a man a bird a dog an hour

an interesting book a big dog a dangerous animal

2.表示类别：这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类，或者指某一种类的人或物中的任何一个或一件，或者指某一种类的人或物，但不具体说明是何人或何物例如：???That is a pen, not a pencil.?那是钢笔而不是铅笔。(指属于某一种类)???Give him a pear, please!?请给他一个梨。(指某一种类中的任何一个) An elephant is bigger than a horse. 大象比马大。

和 one 的区别： a/an 表示类别种类,而one强调数量

a bus (表示是一辆公交车 而不是一辆小汽车 也不是火车)

one bus (强调是一辆车 而不是两辆或三辆)

There is a cat under the chair.?椅子下面有一只猫。(强调种类)

There is one cat under the chair.椅子下边有一只猫。(强调数量)

3.用来指某人或某物，但有不具体说明是谁或是什么，如：

A comrade from Shanghai is coming to give us a talk this afternoon.

一位来自上海的同志今天下午将给我们作报告。

My mother once worked in a school. 我母亲曾在一所学校工作。

4. 表示基本单位，作“每一”讲。例如：

three times a day 10 yuan a kilo

six class a day thirty miles an hour等。

5.不定冠词a/an可用在一种职业，阶级或宗教的名称前。如：

What’s your father? He’s a doctor. 你父亲是什么职业?他是名医生。

Mr Black is now a Christian.布莱克先生现在是名基督教徒。

用在序数词前表示“再一”，“又一”，如：

You can try it a second time if you fail.如果你失败了，你可以再试一次。

7.与专有名词连用表示“某一个”，“一个叫......的`人”，如：

A John is waiting for you at the gate.一个叫约翰的人在门口等你。

8.用于说明事物同一性质、特征、程度或大小，表示“相同”，相当于the same. 如：They are all of a size.他们大小都一样。

9.和形容词最高级连用，修饰名词，表示“非常”，如：

It is a most funny story.那是一个非常滑稽的故事。

用于视为一体的两个名词之前，意为“一副、套、只”，如：

a knife and fork一副刀叉 a table and chair一套桌椅

a watch and chain一只带表链的表 a bow and arrow一副弓箭

11.固定短语：

once upon a time 从前 take a look 看一看 catch a cold 感冒 a little 一点点 a few 一点儿 have a rest 休息

三、定冠词the的用法：

1.the 表示特指。表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。

the book in my bag the boy under the tree

the apples in the basket the hospital near my home

2.可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。

the books the book the rice the bread the football

the old man the interesting book the teachers the women

3.用法：

1). 定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某个或某些特定的人或物

Do you know the girl in a red skirt??你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗??

Beijing is the capital of China.?北京是中国的首都。

2). 再次提到上文提到过的人或物，应该用定冠词the。例如：

Tom has an apple, The apple is big and red.

There is a boy under the tree.The boy is my brother.

3). 指谈话双方都知道的人或物。例如：

Let’s go and give it to the teacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。

Open the door，please!请打开门。

4). 用于某些固定词组中例如:

in the morning / afternoon / evening 等。

5). 用在形容词前表示一类人。

the old 老人 the young年轻人 the rich富裕的人

the poor_________ the deaf __________ the blind____________

6). 用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人?例如：

The Whites are spending their holiday in England.?

The Greens came to China two years ago .

7). 用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。

the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Place颐和园

the United States 美国 the October Revolution 十月革命

the Chinese People’s Liberation Army 中国人民解放军

the Long March 长征

8).用在序数词或形容词最高级前

The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class.

He is the tallest one in our class.

9).世界上独一无二的事物等(月亮、地球、天空、宇宙)

the globe太阳系 the universe 宇宙 the atmosphere大气层

The sun rises in the east.

The earth goes round the sun.

10).在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。

in the 1980s 或 in the 1980’s 20世纪80年代

in the nineteenth century 二十世纪

11).在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用the。

the Changjang River 长江

the West Lake 西湖 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋

12).在表示方位的词前，如：

The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west. 太阳从东边升起，从西边落下

Jiangxi lies in the south of China. 江西位于中国的南方。

13)在乐器名称前常用定冠词，如：

He often plays the piano at five in the afternoon. 他常在下午五点弹钢琴。

3.初中英语语法--冠词 备课资料 篇三

1 指一类人或事，相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly.

2 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you.

3 表示“每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day.

4 表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age.

5 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were outThat boy is rather a Lei Feng.

6 用于固定词组中 A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time

7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one.

8 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.

II. 定冠词的用法：

1 表示某一类人或物 The horse is a useful animal.

2 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean

3 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door?

4 用于乐器前面 play the violin, play the guitar

5 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the reach, the living, the wounded

6 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” the Greens, the Wangs

7 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 He is the taller of the two children.

8 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French

9 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China.

10 在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代 in the 1990’s

11 用于表示单位的名词前 I hired the car by the hour.

12 用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前 He patted me on the shoulder.

III. 零冠词的用法：

1 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air

2 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one. /Whose purse is this?

3 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring

4 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America.

5 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess.

6 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前 by train, by air, by land

7 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night

4.高考英语语法：冠词使用的注意点 篇四

冠词的使用中要注意的问题:

1.专有名词可以加不定冠词或定冠词来指出一时的或新的一种概念

a. The China ruled by the gang of four is gone. A new China will be born.

2.多个限定词修饰一个名词时, 冠词一般居于首位, 但少数结构特殊, 如: all / both / half + the + n.; such / quite / what + a(n) +adj.+ n.; so / how / too / as + adj + a(n) + n., 如: all the students, half the time, such a nice boy, quite a long time, what a good teacher, so nice a boy, too difficult a problem

b. The Whites are going on a trip next week.

3.the + adj表示一类人, 如: the rich富人, the poor, the wounded伤者

4.the用在地名或人名前, 指与该地该人相似的地方或人

a. He is the Edison of today.他是现代的爱迪生

b. Shanghai is the New York of China.上海就是中国的纽约

5.用在形容词only, very (正是,恰是), same (同样的)等之前用the

a. She is the only girl in the family.

b. That is the very book I’ve been looking for.

c. We go to the same school.

6.在一些固定结构中, the用在表人的身体部位的名词前

a. Tom beat him in the face.

b. He took the boy by the hand.

c. The farmer led the cow by the nose.

7.用在表年代, 朝代, 时代的名词前, 如: the Tang Dynasty, the Spring and Autumn period春秋时期, in the 30’s

8.the +比较级表示两者当中较…的那个

a. Who is the more beautiful of the two girls ?

9.the用于表示语法名称的名词前, 如: the past tense, the past participle, the gerund

5.高中英语语法冠词讲解 篇五

I. 用适当的冠词填空：

1.When you’ve finished with _____ book, don’t forget to put it back on _____ shelf, will you ?

2.In my opinion, _____ life in ______ 21st century is much easier than it used to be.

3.It was not until we had stayed together for ______ couple of weeks that we had a lot in _____ common.

4.I think he is taking _____ active part in ______ social work. I agree with you in _____ way.

5. -Did Peter fix ______ computer himself ?

-He had it fixed, because he doesn’t know much about ______ computers.

II．用适当的冠词给下列短文填空：

Dear Peter,

I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my 1 advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here are 2 few suggestions. First, it is important to take 3 Chinese course, as you’ll be able to learn from 4 teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read 5 books, 6 newspapers and 7 magazines in Chinese whenever possible. Besides, it should be 8 excellent idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you’ll learn and remember 9 Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you 10 lot about China and help you learn Chinese. Try and write me in Chinese next time.

III．单句改错

1.It was indeed not easy to get in the touch with everybody and set a good time for all of us.

2.Second, I will learn more about history of the Olympics as good as the 2008 Olympic Games.

3.However, when John went back home, the tickets were still there. In the fact ,there were four tickets on the seat.

4.I have made up my mind to spend the vacation far from home for first time in my life. My parents have agreed to visit me, and I will have a different vacation.

5.I had many wonderful experiences, but I also had a sad one. One day, the school held party, where I was invited to talk about Tianjin.

6.Last winter vacation, some of my classmates decided to travel with their friends, while I chose to take part-time job to gain experience and earn some money.

7.The play tells humorous stories that happen in the Green’s family.

8.I like the color of your skirt. It is good match for your blouse.

9.There is reported to be the number of the wounded on both sides.

10.In case of the fire, please press the red button.

11.It is getting dark. Take a umbrella before you forget it.

12.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called a world wide wait because it can be very slow.

13.A book is the store that sells books.

14.Don’t you believe it! Glass can take place of the steel in many ways of life.

15.He began to learn English in his 1990s in Britain.

掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析

掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析

掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析

难点教学建议

I. 1. the; the 2.不填；the 3. a; 不填 4. an; 不填; a 5. the; 不填

II. 1. 不填 2. a 3. a 4. the 5. 不填 6.不填 7.不填 8. an 9. 不填 10. a

III. 1. 去掉the 2. history前加the 3. 去掉the 4. first前加the 5. party前加a 6. part-time前加a 7. 去掉Green’s前the 8. good前加a 9. the改成a 10. 去掉the 11. a 改成an

12. a改成the 13. the改成a 14. place前加the 15. his改成 the

6.高中英语语法讲解 篇六

一.反意疑问句的分类:

1.第一类反意疑问句由两部分组成, 前一部分作陈述; 后一部分提问, 起证实或反证作用, 或只表示疑问语调的作用, 其肯定或否定与前一部分相反. 这一类反意疑问句实际上不表示疑问, 也并不一定要求对方回答

a. You haven’t done your homework, have you ?

b. You will be away for long, won’t you ?

2.第二类反意疑问句也由两部分组成, 前一部分作肯定的陈述, 用肯定形式, 后一部分提问也用肯定形式, 表示说话人对第一部分的陈述的真实性有所怀疑, 请对方加以证实

a. He teaches English, does he ?

二.应注意的问题:

1.疑问部分的主语与陈述部分的主语的对应:

①.陈述部分是there be结构时, 疑问部分用be(not) ther提问

a. There is no doubt about it, is there ?

b. There are hundreds of students on the playground, aren’t there ?

②.陈述部分的主语是everyone, someone, anyone, no one等表示人的不定代词时, 疑问部分主语多用they, 也可用he

a. Everyone knows his job, doesn’t he ? / Everyone knows their jobs, don’t they ?

③.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, something等表示物的不定代词时, 疑问部分的主语用it.

a. Everything goes very well, doesn’t it ?

④.陈述部分的主语是each时, 如果强调单个, 疑问部分的主语用单数代词; 如果强调全体, 疑问部分的主语用复数代词

a. Each of the students has his own desk, doesn’t he ?

b. Each of the students passed the exam, didn’t they ?

c. Each of the pens has a red cap, doesn’t it ?

⑤.陈述部分的主语是不定式, 动名词, 词组或从句时, 疑问部分的主语用it

a. To drive a car is not easy, is it ?

b. Seeing is believing, isn’t it ?

c. That you are leaving soon is true, isn’t it ?

⑥.陈述部分的主语是this , that, these, those时, 疑问部分的主语要用it 或they

a. This is very important, isn’t it ?

b. These are the books you bought yesterday, aren’t they ?

2.疑问部分的不完全动词与陈述部分的不完全动词的对应:

①.陈述部分没有不完全动词(即谓语中只有实义动词)时, 疑问部分用do的某形式来提问

a. He likes English very much, doesn’t he ?

b. He went to the cinema last Sunday, didn’t he ?

c. You have learned English for eight years, haven’t you ?

②.陈述部分的谓语是used to do(过去经常)时, 疑问部分既可用used, 也可用did提问

a. He used to live in London, usedn’t / didn’t he ?

③.若在陈述部分将need / dare / have作为不完全动词使用, 则疑问部分仍用need / dare / have提问; 若在陈述部分将need / dare / have作为实义动词来用, 则疑问部分用do的某一形式提问

a. We need to do it right now, don’t we ?

b. We needn’t do it right now, need we ?

c. You have finished your homework, haven’t you ?

d. You have a computer of you own, don’t you ?

④.陈述部分有must表示 “一定是, 肯定是”的推测意义时, 疑问部分不用must提问, 而要根据must所表示的时间, 用do / be的某一形式来提问, 具体对应情况见下表:

陈述部分谓语形式

含义

疑问部分用来提问的不完全动词

must do / be

一般情况或现在状态

do, am / is / are

must be doing

正在发生的情况

am / is / are

must have done

过去发生的情况

did

a. He must be a student in this school, isn’t he ?

b. You must be tired, aren’t you ?

c. They must be doing their lessons right now, aren’t they ?

d. You must have met him at the party yesterday, didn’t you ?

⑤.陈述部分有must表示“有必要”时, 疑问部分用needn’t提问

a. You must go home right now, needn’t you ?

3.其他问题:

①.陈述部分谓语出现有否定词缀的动词时, 疑问部分仍用否定结构

a. He is unfit for his office, isn’t he ?

②.陈述部分含有no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时, 疑问部分要用肯定形式

a. He hardly knows English, does he ?

③.陈述部分的主语是I时, 疑问部分中否定常用aren’t I.

a. I am your friend, aren’t I ?

④.陈述部分是I ( don’t ) think / believe / suppose / expect that….(即“否定转移句”)时, 疑问部分要根据that引导的宾语从句来作

a. I think he can finish the work, can’t he ?

b. I don’t think he can finish the work, can he ?

陈述部分谓语形式含义疑问部分用来提问的不完全动词

must do / be一般情况或现在状态do, am / is / are

must be doing正在发生的情况am / is / are

must have done过去发生的情况did

a. He must be a student in this school, isn’t he ?

b. You must be tired, aren’t you ?

c. They must be doing their lessons right now, aren’t they ?

d. You must have met him at the party yesterday, didn’t you ?

⑤.陈述部分有must表示“有必要”时, 疑问部分用needn’t提问

a. You must go home right now, needn’t you ?

3.其他问题:

①.陈述部分谓语出现有否定词缀的动词时, 疑问部分仍用否定结构

a. He is unfit for his office, isn’t he ?

②.陈述部分含有no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时, 疑问部分要用肯定形式

a. He hardly knows English, does he ?

③.陈述部分的主语是I时, 疑问部分中否定常用aren’t I.

a. I am your friend, aren’t I ?

④.陈述部分是I ( don’t ) think / believe / suppose / expect that….(即“否定转移句”)时, 疑问部分要根据that引导的宾语从句来作

a. I think he can finish the work, can’t he ?

b. I don’t think he can finish the work, can he ?

第二十章：直接引语与间接引语

一.直接引语与间接引语的转换:

1.直接引语是陈述句, 变成间接引语时将陈述句变成that引导的宾语从句

a. Mary said, “ I arrived yesterday.” =Mary said that she had arrived the day before.

b. Alice said, “ I’ve just got a letter from my father.” =Alice said that she had just got a letter from her father.

2.直接引语是一般疑问句, 变成间接引语时, 把一般疑问句变成由if / whether引导的宾语从句, 同时将语序改成陈述语序, said变成asked, asked后没有间接宾语时, 要加一个间接宾语如me / him /her等

a. Jane asked Tom, “ Have you finished writing the report ?” =Jane asked Tom if / whether he had finished writing the report.

b. Jane asked Dick, “ Have you finished writing the report ?” =Jane asked Dick if / whether he had finished writing the report.

3.直接引语是特殊疑问句, 变成间接引语时, 特殊疑问句变成由原疑问词引导的宾语从句, 同时变成陈述语序

a. “What are you doing Jack ?” Mary asked. =Mary asked him what he was doing.

b. They asked him, “ When do you harvest the wheat ?” =They asked him when he harvested the wheat.

c. “When did you leave Shanghai ?” Peter asked me. =Peter asked me when I left Shanghai.

4.直接引语是祈使句, 变成间接引语时, 把祈使句变成一个不定式短语, 同时根据不同的口气选用适当的谓语动词, 构成ask / tell / order sb (not) to do sth.的结构

a. “Don’t come late again.” he said. =He told me not to come late again.

b. “Turn the oil over, please.” He said. =He asked me to turn the soil over.

c. The farmer said, “ Don’t grow plants in the same place year after year.” =The farmer told me not to grow plants in the same place year after year.

二.应注意的问题: 在直接引语变成间接引语时要注意以下问题

1.人称代词, 物主代词要作相应的变化, 这方面的变化与汉语的习惯完全相同

a. He said, “ I like it very much.” =He said that he liked it very much.

b. He said, “ I have left my book in your room.” =He said he had left his book in my room.

2.时态的变化: 如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时, 直接引语变成间接引语时, 从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化(见下表); 如果主句的谓语动词是现在时, 从句的时态无需变化

直接引语间接引语

一般现在时He said, “ I am afraid I can’t finish this work”一般过去时He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work

现在进行时He said, “ I am using the knife.”过去进行时He said that he was using the knife.

现在完成时She said, “ I have not heard from him since May.”过去完成时She said that she had not heard from him since May.

一般过去时He said, “ I came to help you.”过去完成时He said that he had come to help me.

过去完成时He said, “ I had finished my homework before supper.”过去完成时He said that he had finished his homework before supper.

一般将来时Zhou Lan said, “ I will do it after class.”过去将来时Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.

3.某些指示代词, 时间状语, 地点状语和动词要做相应的变化:

直接引语间接引语

this She said, “ I will come this morning.”thatShe said that she would go that morning.

theseHe said, “ These books are mine.”thoseHe said that those books were his.

nowHe said, “ It is nine o’clock now.”thenHe said that it was nine o’clock then.

todayHe said, “ I haven’t seen her today.”that dayHe said that he hadn’t seen her that day.

yesterdayShe said, “ I went there yesterday.”the day beforeShe said that she had gone there the day before.

tomorrowShe said, “ I will go there tomorrow.”the next / following dayShe said that she would go there the next day.

hereHe said, “ My sister was here three days ago.”thereHe said that his sister had been there three days before.

comeShe said, “ I will come here this evening.”goShe said that she would go there that evening.

agoHe said, “ I went there three days ago.”beforeHe said that he had gone there three days before.

last nightHe said, “ I saw the film last night.”the night beforeHe said that he had seen the film the night before.

next weekHe said, “ The meeting will be held next week.”the next weekHe said that the meeting would be held the next week.

4.直接引语如果是客观真理, 变为间接引语时, 时态不变, 如:

a. He said, “ Light travels much faster than sound.” =He said that light travels much faster than sound.

7.英语语法讲解 篇七

可数名词——可以数的名词

不可数名词——数不清(没有复数)

drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge

food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings

2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式。

many+可数名词复数

much/a little+不可数名词

some, any , a lot of (lots of) 两者都可以修饰。

3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰。

不可数名词 数词 +量词 +of + 名词

对可数名词的数量提问用how many