浙江省导游词英文

2024-07-25

浙江省导游词英文(共6篇)

1.浙江省导游词英文 篇一

岳麓书院英文导游词 2009-2-12 9:30

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Good morning!ladies and gentlemen: Today we will go and visit the yuelu academy!yuelu academy is one of the four famous academies in china, and it was established by zhudong, magistrate of tanzhou prefecture in 976a.d at the time of northern song dynasty.the academy accepted disciples throughout the song, yuan, ming and qing dynasties.it was only in 1903 that the academy was transformed from a school of traditional confucian learning to an insitute of higher learning and in 1926 it was officially named hunan university.Early in 1015, emperor zhen zong of the song dynasty awarded the academy hid majesty“s own handwriting ”yuelu academy“ on a tablet.form then on many famous scholars and great thinkers gave lectures here, among them were zhangshi, zhuxi and wangyangming, thus making a great impact on the province”s culture and education.most of the existing buildings here were constructions of the ming and qing dynasties, and the bulk of the engraved stone plates and inscribed tablets have all been kept intact, in 1956 the academy was listed as a historical site at the provincial level and later, in 1988 it became a historical site at the state level.the last restoration project started in 1981 and the major part was completed in 1987.Now, here we are at the “he xi platform”, “he xi” means the “the splendour of the sunrise”, it was named by zhuxi, a great idealist philosopher of the confucian school during the song dynasty, the platform was first built on the top of yuelu hill, by zhanshi, and later in 1528, a pavilion was built on it, but it became deserted with the passing time.in 1790 luodian, the master of the academy, built a platform at the present site, in 1820, the succeeding master, ouyang houjun, renamed it “he xi platform” in order to memory zhuxi and zhanshi.it was restored in 1868.On the inner walls of the platform are two big chinese characters “fu” and “shuo”, which mean “blessing” and “longevity” respectively.legend has it that the character “shuo ”was written with a broom soaked in yellow mud by a taoist master at the time master luodian was attending a banquet in honour of the examination officials and those dispels who had passed the civil exam hence it has been regarded as having “celestial touch” the character “fu” was written by luodian, the master himself.This gate in front of us is the main gate, the gate was formerly built at the time of the song dynasty, and was then called “central gate”.the main gate underwent both destruction and reconstruction in the course of time.the present structure was once

thoroughly renovated in 1868.The characters “yuelu academy” on the horizontal tablet were inscribed by emperor zhen zong of the song dynasty.it was presented as an award to zhoushi, the master of the academy, when he was summoned to the emperor“s presence.on both door posts are couplets which read ”

the kingdom of chu, unique home of the talents, the academy of yuelu, the very cradle of all “.it was composed in the qing dynasty by the master of the academy, yuan jiangang and his disciple zhang renjie.This gate was the second gate, it was first built in 1527 during the ming dynasty.it underwent repairs and restoration many times.it was completely devastated during the anti-japanese war.in 1984, the gate was restored to its former state.This is the lecture hall, where the students had lessons here, it was first built at the time of the song dynasty and was once named ”jing yi hall“.now, it has a more elaborate name ”the hall of the loyalty, filiality honesty and integrity“, because on the inner walls of the hall are engraved four big chinese characters:” loyalty, filiality, honesty and integrity.they were handwriting by the great scholar, zhuxi, who once lectured here.others, such as the school regulations, the administrations and way to read were masterpieces of the masters of the academy.on the two horizontal tablets hanging on top were written: “Learn before you can probe the infiniteness of the universe.” “The doctrines taught here in the south are genuine confucian doctrines.” They were inscribed by the emperor kangxi and qianlong respectively during the qing dynasty.The building in front of us is the yushu library, “yushu” literally means “imperial books”, so yushu library ,built in 999a.d in the early song dynasty, was a place to keep imperial books.books were continuously sent here during the succeeding dynasties.the library was first named “classics treasuring house” in the song dynasty, “classic venerating house” in the yuan and ming dynasties, and finally “yushu library” in the qing dynasty,.it had been repaired and expanded many times, and now it has a collection of over twenty thousand chinese classics.this building was rebuilt on its original site in 1986.The two small pavilions xi quan and ni lan , built during the song and ming dynasties, were restored to the right and left of the compound galleries in order to display cultural relics.


2.浙江省导游词英文 篇二

一、研究问题的提出

高职英文导游专业培养的是在旅游接待一线岗位上服务的国际化人才,经过学校教育,学生应具有国际化的文化视野、深厚的人文素养、专业的服务与沟通能力,在旅游服务中具有问题解决能力、在事业发展上具有职业生涯规划能力、在个人价值实现上具有终身学习的能力。

课程是学校教育的核心,在学校教育中居于基础性地位,是实现培养目标的基本保证。那么,从整体上优化高职英文导游专业课程体系便成了高职旅游教育课程开发者绕不开的理论与实践问题。

二、相关概念的内涵

1.课程。课程(curriculum)一词最早源于拉丁文currere,作为名词是“跑道”、作为动词是“在跑道上跑”的意思。由此可见,课程的内涵不仅包括静态的学习内容,还包含动态的学习过程。

2.课程体系。课程体系有广义和狭义之分。课程体系是指一个专业的不同课程门类按照什么顺序排列,是教学内容和进程的总和。课程门类排列顺序决定了学生通过学习将获得怎样的知识结构。课程体系是育人活动的指导思想,是培养目标的具体化和依托,它规定了培养目标实施的规划方案。广义的课程体系概念包括课程目标、课程内容、课程设置、课程实施及课程评价五部分;狭义的课程体系指的是广义课程体系概念中课程设置这一部分内容。本研究取广义概念。

三、研究的现状

以“英文导游”为关键词,合并“课程体系”在中国知网进行文献搜索,搜索结果为0篇,可见当前对高职英文导游专业课程体系尚缺乏较为全面、深入的研究。但国内外关于课程和旅游职业教学的相关研究为本研究提供了许多可资借鉴的理论知识与实践知识。

1.美国旅游职业教育课程体系现状。发达国家的旅游职业教育经过近一个世纪的发展,现已拥有完善的教育体系、积累了丰富的教育科研经验。美国的高职旅游教育主要依托旅游职业院校及部分旅游本科院校开展,其课程目标定位于培养旅游服务实际操作人员,课程设置切合实际,同时又具有预测性,传授学生终身受益的知识。大多数旅游高职院校都开设了旅游学、酒店管理、餐饮管理、交通管理、旅行社管理等课程,强调学生服务意识和能力的培养及经济学、管理学、法学、心理学等多方面理论基础的掌握。另外,社会实践课程多达1200学时。随着旅游行业就业的困难,多数学校又开设了创业学,鼓励学生毕业后不是去就业,而是去创业。

2.欧洲旅游职业教育课程体系现状。欧洲的旅游教育起步于20世纪70年代前,当时以技能培训为导向,只为学生提供初级的、强调操作技能的培训;70年代之后旅游职业教育课程开始涉及管理理论并向其他学科交叉渗透。英国的高职旅游教育以培养技能为主,旅游院校课程设置相似,只覆盖国家联合组织确立的7个核心领域:旅游的本质特点、旅游业的结构、旅游的范畴及衡量标准、旅游的影响和意义、旅游行销、旅游规划与管理、旅游政策与管理,这客观上限制了英国旅游职业教育向纵深发展。德国各级各类旅游职业培训与教育发展相当完善,开设国际酒店与旅游管理、休闲、交通、旅游商业研究、国际经济、社会研究、旅游节事、旅游可持续发展、旅行管理等课程,课程模式更强调旅游中管理因素及国际导向。瑞士的旅游教育课程主要围绕酒店管理而设置,“店院一体”,理论学习与实践操作结合,校企联合培养人才,推行国际化教学模式。法国2年制的旅游职业教育占旅游教育的主体,职业课程设置较为简单,重在培养学生的社会实践能力和职业能力,主要课程有国际酒店与旅游管理、旅游商业研究、社会研究、旅游节事、旅行管理等。

3.澳大利亚的旅游职业教育课程体系现状。澳大利亚的旅游TAFE(TechnicalandFurtherEducation,技术和继续教育)教育实行学分制,课程体系由通识课程、核心课程及选修课程三部分组成,课程广泛而具体,几乎涵盖旅游接待业各个职业和岗位所需的知识、技能与能力的培养。

4.日本的旅游职业教育课程现状。日本的旅游高职学校多以饭店或旅游命名,以培养初级、中级旅游人才为主,课程实用,注重技能的培训和应用,并随着时代的发展变化,根据自身特点不断调整教学内容,使之适应日本旅游业的发展。

5.我国的旅游职业教育课程。我国高职教育人才培养以专业理论、应用理论为主,兼顾操作技能训练。80年代课程模块通常由公共课模块、专业基础课模块、专业课模块、选修课等四部分构成。章平等认为应按“岗位群—职业能力—能力要素分析—课程设置”的基本思路构建旅游职业课程体系,培养合格的受市场欢迎的旅游专业人才。齐炜从培养适合市场需要的旅游应用型人才出发,探讨了构建旅游高职教育课程体系的指导思想、培养目标、课程设置、实践教学安排;韩毅基于建构主义视角提出要结合市场需求、根据学生特点、以就业为导向建构我国旅游高职教育课程体系。韩燕平进行了高职旅游类专业螺旋升华模块式课程体系创新研究。目前学者对旅游教育课程体系的主张有三种模式:教师中心论课程模式、学生中心论课程模式、学科中心论课程模式。

综上,目前对于课程的理论研究已比较成熟,但对于高职旅游职业教育的课程研究尚停留在课程设置、课程体系构建思路、课程模式等具体的实践层面,缺乏对高职旅游教育课程的整体优化的理论研究和实践创新;而对于高职英文导游专业课程体系的优化研究当前在我国尚未成熟,有待进一步全面、深入的研究。

四、研究框架的搭建

我国职业教育的课程体系经过学科系统化课程体系、职业分析导向课程体系、学习理论导向课程体系三个阶段的发展,当前正借鉴德国学习领域课程开发原理,以实践为导向,基于工作过程开发“工学结合一体化”的课程体系。旅游类专业课程整体优化的趋势是注重多学科交叉、更加切合旅游企业的经营与管理需要,以典型工作任务为载体重构项目化课程体系,注重培养学生的创业创造能力,为学生综合职业能力提高及终身发展奠定基础。高职英文导游专业要以实践为导向,立足本土放眼国际,整体优化高职英文导游专业课程体系。据此,笔者搭建了一个包含以下几个要素的研究框架。

1.了解本土现状。对用人单位、从业人员、开办旅游类专业的高职院校开展调查,找出目前我国高职旅游教育课程体系在课程目标、课程内容、课程设置、课程实施及课程评价这五方面存在的优点及不足。

2.借鉴先进理念。借鉴先进的国际职业教育理念、立足本土发展,探索高职旅游教育课程体系的构建原则与课程设置该遵循的逻辑关系。

3.吸收国际经验。收集文献资料、展开国际比较,借鉴别国和地区的相关经验。

4.确定培养目标。与旅游行业、企业合作,探讨我国高职旅游教育人才培养目标。

5.优化课程体系。以实践为导向,构建、调整高职英文导游专业课程体系,并在实践中动态地优化课程体系。具体说来,用系统论观点深入探讨课程体系内部结构之间的逻辑关系是否合理;与旅游工作实践相结合,以旅游工作岗位要完成的典型工作任务为载体组织课程内容,开发专业项目课程;在项目课程中融入普通文化课程以提升学生的人文素养,在普通文化课程中嵌入行业背景知识以提升学生的职业素养;与旅游企业合作,开发课程实施评价量表,考察课程实施是否保障课程目标的实现;对课程评价进行再评价,考察评价本身的合理性。

五、研究结论

职业教育不同于强调“厚基础、宽口径”的通识教育,也不同于“重理论、重知识体系”的学术教育。职业教育以培养职业能力为核心,以促进职业生涯的发展为目标,直接指向职业岗位,以培养学生的实践能力为中心。因此,职业教育课程体系的构建要与职业教育的培养目标相一致,以实践为中心,满足学生职业生涯发展的需要和终身学习的需要。

摘要:本文从中国高职旅游教育的实际出发,提出了从整体上优化高职英文导游专业课程体系的问题,并述评了旅游职业教育课程体系研究现状,搭建了研究框架,得出了职业教育课程体系的构建要与职业教育的培养目标相一致,以实践为中心,满足学生职业生涯发展的需要和终身学习的需要的结论。

3.中外英文导游词语步异同分析 篇三

摘 要:导游词在旅游业中有着举足轻重的作用,为了探寻中外导游词的差异,本文以Bhatia广告体裁分析模型中划分的语步为基准,选择了两本由中外作者编写的关于山西的导游词进行分析。对比后发现两个版本的异同点,希望对中文导游词编写有所帮助,以期能吸引更多外国游客,传播山西文化。

关键词:语步结构;导游词;中外;对比分析

中图分类号:H159 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1673-2596(2014)05-0150-05

国家旅游局综合协调司司长张坚钟2011年曾说过,中国已经成为亚洲最大的出境旅游客源国和世界第三大入境旅游接待国,并在形成世界上最大的国内旅游市场。世界旅游组织曾经预测,到2020年,中国将成为世界上第一大旅游目的地和第四大客源输出国。

山西省拥有悠久的历史,丰富的旅游资源和深厚的文化底蕴,作为位居全国第一的国家级重点文物保护单位,享有“中华文明的主题公园”和“古建艺术博物馆”的美誉,深受国内外游客喜爱。近几十年来,越来越多的外国游客慕名来到山西,了解当地的文化的风土人情,这就对涉外导游词的编写带来很大挑战。

为了吸引广大国内外游客前往山西观光旅游,市面上出现了许多版本的山西中文导游词。然而与之不协调的是,相对应的英文版本较少,仅有的几个版本也没有统一的编写标准,大部分英文版是中文导游词的对应翻译。在介绍景点的表达形式上仅局限于文字表述,缺乏多样性。在内容编排上,未能全面考虑到外国游客的文化背景和旅游需求,只是对景点历史和现状的一些介绍。在信息的提供上着重于景点介绍,没有涉及气候,食宿,语言,周边环境等情况的介绍,略缺乏实用性。

本文选取《走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范》Travel across Shanxi——Demonstration of commentaries of Famous Scenic Spot Sightseeing Tour Guide①和 Lonely Planet China②这两本书中关于山西的景点介绍进行语步分析。选择《走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范(中英文版)》是因为该版本由山西省成立最早、规模最大的人民出版社出版,参考了山西大学旅游学院张世满教授主编、山西省直属机关党委专职副书记安瑞生审稿的《走遍山西——著名景点导游词选粹(一)》一书中相关内容,较为权威,有较强的示范性。选取Lonely Planet China作为外文对比版本,是因为这套书编排新颖,销售量高,在全球均有较好反响。通过对比这两本书,总结出两者在语步上的异同点,找到中外导游词在语篇布局上的差异,从而希望能从外国游客的视角为中文导游词的编写提供一些参考,传播山西文化,促进山西旅游业的发展。

一、涉外导游词及Bhatia广告体裁分析模型中的语步划分

涉外导游词,即导译文本,通过对景点的介绍,希望能吸引潜在游客的注意,激发他们旅游的欲望。它作为让外国游客了解中国的一个重要的窗口,内容丰富,涉及领域广泛,对导游词的编写有着较高的要求。目前对于导游词的研究不在少数,但多数围绕景点名称、标识语、段落语句等进行分析: 刘锋,陈春梅,李珊珊、徐桂英,倾向于对文本内容或具体翻译方法进行分析:吴俊辉,尚宏等,很少有学者从体裁分析领域进行研究,从宏观上分析语篇的语步。本文旨在通过对中外导游词语步的分析,来发现中外作者在编写导游词时各自所采用的语步。

Bhatia提出语篇不是固定不变的使用模式,即使是同一种体裁,内在结构和语言风格特点都还是在一定范围内产生变化和差异的。语步分析是体裁分析的一个重要方面,利用语步结构分析某种特定的体裁,对构建新语篇,了解语篇的内在宏观结构有很大作用。

Bhatia将旅游广告结构分为以下九个语步:(1)标题,(2)确定目标市场,(3)证明产品或服务:说明产品或服务的重要性、需要;建立某一市场,(4)详述产品或服务:进行标识,描述,阐述产品/服务的价值,(5)产品认可,(6)名人/特定使用者的认可(代言),(7)进行诱导,(8)压力策略,(9)寻求反馈。

导游词作为旅游广告的亚体裁,虽然两者不完全等同,但导游词的语类结构应是在旅游广告语步的基础上形成的。因而以上旅游广告结构的九个语步,可以为导游词的语步分析提供较大范围的参考。

陈刚将涉外导游词分为了三类:预制类(pre -translated type),现编类(impromptu presentation type)和预制现编类(combined type)。这里着重要讨论的是预制类文本。此种文本是一种事先翻译好的、用于口头导游的、以海外旅游者为对象的一种特殊文本。

二、中文导游词基本语步及其定义

Bhatia将广告旅游结构划分的9个语步,确定了旅游介绍的总体结构框架。作为旅游广告亚体裁的景点导游词,其语步也应相应从属于广告旅游结构的语步。中外导游词虽然属于同一种体裁,但在语篇的布局上肯定会有所区别。下表是对《走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范》一书中的山西景点的英文介绍进行的语步分析。这本书共有22篇景点介绍,涵盖了云冈石窟,五台山,晋祠,平遥古城,皇城相府等省内著名景点。在参考Bhatia了对广告旅游结构的语步划分,分析了书中每一篇景点介绍的布局后,作者归纳总结出书中每一篇景点介绍都包含的语步:

从上表可以看出,《走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范(中英文版)》中的景点导游词都由5个语步构成,顺序分别为:1.H 标题,2.IH历史介绍,3.H亮点,4.O & I具体信息介绍,5. CE历史/游客/名人/权威机构的认可。且每一篇介绍都着重于第二、四和五语步的介绍,即关于山西某一景点历史的回顾、具体情况的介绍和一些名人或相关部门对该景点的认可。

三、英文导游词语步及定义

Lonely Planet China一书中介绍了北京、天津、河北、山东、山西、上海、香港等中国各省市及地区的主要景点。本论文选取书中关于山西省的景点介绍进行分析。书中同样介绍了云冈石窟、五台山、榆次老城、乔家大院、平遥古城、碛口等主要景点。通过对书中21篇山西主要景点介绍的归纳总结,作者发现其中每一篇景点介绍都包含有表2中的6个语步:endprint

从上表可以发现,Lonely Planet China中由Daniel Mc Crohan编写的山西景点导游词有6个基本语步,顺序依次为:1.H 标题,Headline 2.IH历史介绍Introducing History,3.M 地图maps,4.H亮点Highlight,5.O & I具体信息介绍Orientation and Information,6.CI咨询信息Consulting Information Daniel侧重于介绍第三、五、六语步,也就是重视地图带给游客直观的视觉效果,不局限于文字这一种表达方式。同时,具体信息的提供,以及除了景点介绍外,还提供了类似气候、交通、食宿等与之相关的咨询信息,帮助潜在游客出行前了解目的地和周边环境。

四、中外导游词的语步分析比较

为了找出中国人写的导游词与国外导游词的异同点,将以上两张表进行比较分析,见表3。

对比中外导游词的语步,可以发现,中英文导游词都有标题,历史介绍,具体信息介绍和亮点这四个语步,从两者的四个相同语步可以看出:

1.H(标题)作为目的地的名称很重要,这一语步为潜在游客提供景点的索引信息。通过提供目的地的名称,可以让潜在的游客快速获取信息,在短时间内了解景点的相关资料。

2.JP(阐释目的地历史和今天的重要性或地位)这一语步,通过事实的陈述,证实景点的资格或地位。而且一般是以描述性的口吻,不加以夸大的成分。

3.DP(具体信息介绍)是语步中最为重要的,其目的在于介绍景点的特色信息,例如背景,地点,历史,特质等等。两个版本的导游词都花了相当大的篇幅在这一语步上,为潜在游客详细地介绍景点的情况。

4.H(亮点)这个语步两个版本的导游词都有采用,这是为了更好地让游客在短时间之内了解目的地值得游览的一些景点。

两个版本有四个相同语步,但排列的顺序不同,可以看出中外导游词编写上的侧重。中外导游词都有H(亮点)这一语步,中文导游词将其放在第三的位置上,而英文导游词则在介绍H(亮点)前加入了M(地图),放在了第四的位置,可见外国人更注重表达方式的多样和地图对游客的吸引作用。正如Beasley & Danesi说的:作者在旅游手册中使用的图片/地图,对潜在顾客的消费行为起到了一种促进作用。有了地图上的标注和解释,潜在游客可以一目了然地找到后文中会介绍的重点推荐景点。

当然,中英文导游词也有差异,主要表现在以下两个方面:

(1)中文导游词多出了:历史/游客/名人/权威机构的认可这一语步。

中文导游词中出现的CE新语步,即重视历史/游客/名人/权威机构的认可,反映出中国人较高的不确定性规避程度。这是根据Greet Hofstede 著名的“文化五维度理论”得出的。Hofstede对各国的文化特征进行了研究分析,他将国家间文化的差异归纳为五个不同的维度,其中的不确定性回避指数(Uncertainty Avoidance Index)反映出了一个国家对于不确定性和模糊的容忍程度。有着高不确定性指数的国家信赖权威,避免分歧和不确定。通过建立形式规则,为他们的成员提供安定感,相信完全的事实和经验的获得。中国人倾向于相信事实和前人的经验,最小化不确定因素带来的可能性,历史/游客/名人/权威机构的认可会增加他们去景点的动力,减少对未知或不熟悉景点的不确定感。

这一独特的新语步,可以以较为简洁,直接而有效的方式,让潜在游客快速了解景点优势,并在短时间内决定是否去该地游览。

(2)英文导游词中地图和咨询信息这两个语步也是中文导游词中所没有的。

CI咨询信息,提供关于目的地的相关信息,如景点及周边景点,当地气候,食宿,语言,交通,景点票价,开放时间,电话,电子邮件和旅游建议等。

在中文导游词中没有这一语步,这会对想要进一步了解景点的外国游客带来不便和困惑,不能及时了解当地的情况或是和旅游部门联系。因此,相比DP(具体信息介绍),CI这个语步更完善,更为实用和必要。

M地图这一语步也是外国导游词的一大特色,每个目的地都附有各自的地图。外国导游词在每个景点介绍一开始都有地图,提供目的地景点及周边的主要路线,强调景点,交通工具及特色食宿的位置等。地图加文字说明,可以更好地吸引潜在的外国游客,在没去旅游之前熟悉景点及其周边地区,为他们出行提供了方便。中文导游词没有这一语步,在介绍方式和景点及吸引游客方面略显单一。

相比之下,外国导游词的这两个新语步,更能满足游客对景点信息的需要,中文导游词可以借鉴。

五、总结

作者以Bhatia语步分析模型为基准,就中英导游词的语步各自进行了分析,同时也将两个版本的语步进行了对比分析。从中发现,中外导游词在介绍景点时,总体上是相似的,有四个语步相同,三个语步不同。

中文导游词中出现的CE新语步,是由于中国人有着较高的不确定性规避程度。通过提供历史/游客/名人/权威机构的认可,有利于证实景点的资质/优势,从而证明景点值得去,并且赢得潜在游客的信任。这一外国导游词没有的语步可以保留,给外国游客以了解景点的新视角。

而英文导游导游词中出现的M和CI这两个新语步,地图和咨询信息,反映出外国则更注重对实用信息的提供。对于旅游目的地进行额外信息的提供,如当地地图,气候和环境,失色,交通,票价和景点开放时间,建议等,为潜在的游客提供了足够信息,方便他们出行,特别是那些乐于自助游的外国游客。

中文导游词中若加入地图和咨询信息这两个新语步,可以更好地迎合潜在国外游客对信息的需求,通过提供必要、全面的旅游资讯,帮助他们了解景点情况,吸引他们前来参观游览。

中外文化上的差异必然会在导游词的编写上体现出来,对语步选择产生影响。本文通过对比中英导游词语步的异同,意图为中文导游词的编写提供一点参考,增强山西景点对外国游客的吸引力,了解当地风土人情,以吸引更多地外国游客了解山西,传播山西文化。endprint

注 释:

①《走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范(中英文版)》是由山西省人民出版社出版,结合山西实际编写的。该书也配套制作了系列光盘,是全省导游考试的规定内容,又具有鲜明的地方特色,简明实用,易于掌握,示范性强。

②Lonely Planet是一套旅游系列丛书,在全球受到各国游客的青睐。这套书到2004年为止,共出版了650个主题,内容涵盖包括南极在内的世界各个角落,涉及118个国家。Lonely Planet目前有十个语种的版本,年销售量近650万册,约占英文旅游指南销售量四分之一。本文选取2009年的第11版Lonely Planet China中对山西省的景点介绍进行分析。

参考文献:

〔1〕Beasley R.,Danesi M.Persuasive signs:the semiotics of advertising[M].Berlin & NY: Mouton de Gruyter,2002.

〔2〕Bhatia,V. K.(1993).Analyzing genre:Language use in professional settings.LondonLongman.

〔3〕Bhatia,V. K. (2008). Worlds of written discourse:A Genre—based view.London:Longman.

〔4〕Damian Harper, Lonely Planet China, Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd,2009.

〔5〕Hofstede,G H.(1994).Cultures and organizations:Software of the Mind (updated version).London:Harper-Collins Business.

〔6〕Swales,J.M.(1990).Genre analysis:English in academic and research settings.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

〔7〕安瑞生.走遍山西——著名景点导游词示范Travel across Shanxi——Demonstration of commentaries of Famous Scenic Spot Sightseeing Tour Guide,山西人们出版社,2003.

〔8〕陈刚.跨文化意识——导游词译者之必备——兼评《走遍中国》英译本[J].中国翻译,2002.

〔9〕张世满.走遍山西——著名景区景点导游词选粹(一)[M].旅游教育出版社,2002.

4.西藏英文导游词 篇四

TibetOverview

TibetliesontheQinghai-TibetplateauofthesouthwestborderofChina.Theaverageheightofthewholeregionismorethan4,000metersabovesealevel,forwhichTibetisknownas“RoofoftheWorld”.ThehighestpeakofTibet,alsothehighestinHimalayasandinthewholeworld,isEverestpeak,whichisashighas8,846.27metersabovesealevel.AlthoughapartofChina,Tibethasauniquecultureofallthereown.ItismainlyinhabitedbyTibetans,aminoritynationalityofoldandmysteriouspeople.TouristattractionsincludethepotalapalaceinLhasa,JokhangTemple,andanumberofBuddhistsacredplaces.Tibet(XiZanginChinese)istothesouthofXinJiangUygurAutonomousRegionandQingHaiprovince,tothewestofSichuan,tothenorthwestofYunnanandtothenorthofIndiaandNepal.Itspopulationof2.3millionpeoplecomefromavarietyofethnicgroupsincludingTibetan,Han,MonbaandLhota.ItscapitalcityisLhasa.NorthwestTibet,mainlyQingHaiplateau,ishometoavarietyofunusualanduniqueanimals.AcrossthenorthernexpanseofTibet,youcanseevastgrasslandswherehorses,yakandsheeproamfreely.Theworld’slowestvalley,theGrandYarlun-tzanpoRiverValleyliesineastTibet.NearlyallTibetansfollowTibetanBuddhism,knownasLamaism,withtheexceptionofapproximately2,000followersofIslamand600ofCatholicism.TibetanBuddhismwasgreatlyinfluencedbyIndianBuddhisminitsearlytime,butafteryearsofevolution,TibetanBuddhismhasdevelopeditsowndistinctivequalitiesandpractices.Awell-knownexampleisthebeliefthatthereisaLivingBuddha,whoisthereincarnationofthefirst,abeliefalientoChineseBuddhism.Itisfreezingcoldinmosttimeoftheyear.MosttouristscometovisitTibetonlyinthewarmestseasons,June,July,AugustandearlySeptember.

5.英文黄山导游词 篇五

Good afternoon!Ladies and gentlemen!facing the brilliant sunshine this morning, Today, with such great joy, on behalf of Anhui Travel Agency.I’d like to extend our warm welcome to all of you,.Please allow me to introduce myself.My name is wang ping and I work for Anhui Travel Agency.During your short stay in Huangshan, I’ll be your local guide.It’s my honor to provide services for you, If you have any request, go ahead!I’ll try my best to help you and make your stay comfortable!

Now we are on the winding road leading to Yungu Si, On the way you can enjoy the beautiful scenery and I’d like to give you a brief introduction about Mt.Huangshan.Huangshan is probably the most notable mountain in China.It’s located in the South of Anhui Province, and the main scenic(风景胜地)area covers 154 square kilometers.Mt.Huangshan has been listed as a world natural and cultural heritage(文化遗产)site in 1990, and also listed as a world geological garden in 2005, which is unique in China!

Now, after my introduction, are you expecting to feel the graceful bearing!Be patient!There’s only half an hour before we arriving.Let’s continue.Within so large area, there is a crowd of peaks, 72 of which have names indicating the shapes they resemble.Lotus(莲花), Brightness Top and Celestial Capital are the three major ones, all rising above 1,800 meters above sea level.And it’s well-known for its four wonders,(I think some of you know some about it, who knows?)Yeah, they are the oddly-shaped(奇形怪状)pine trees., fantastic(古怪的)rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs.Now, people also add to the winter snow as the fifth wonder.Here I will not introduce one by one and soon you’ll enjoy with your own eyes.Ok, here we are, seeing is believing, let’s get off the bus and bring your camera.The first sight that comes to us is Yungu Temple, here we’ll take Yungu Cable-car to White Goose Bridge.It’s about ten minutes.Oh, come on, then follow me, walk downstairs to Start-to-Believe Peak.Along the way we can see several famous Huangshan Pines, Look at this Black Tiger Pine,it is said that once there is a monk passed by, and suddenly saw a black tiger on the top, just a flash, the Black Tiger disappeared.Go straight the way we can see Couple Pine, Dragon’s Claw Pine and so on.Now, let”s climb to the top of Peak Start-to-Believe, for a breathtaking outlook, You surely can take a picture.En, Next destination after Start-to-Believe is Peak Lion, let’s go!It’s shaped like a sleeping lion from a point of view in North Sea Hotel.Ok, here is Dawn-Light Pavilion阁, you can see a group of interesting rocks: You see two in the middle resembling two celestials(天神)playing chess, on the left is a man in packback, and on the right is a onlooker观众—a Chinese ancient official who watch play.You can see carefully and do you think so?

6.长城英文导游词 篇六

长城英文导游词

In the north of China, there lies a 6,700-kilometer-long (4,161-mile-long) ancient wall. Now well-known as the Great Wall of China, it starts at the Jiayuguan Paof Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Paof Hebei Province in the east. As one of the Eight Wonders in the world, the Great Wall of China has become the symbol of the Chinese nation and its culture.

Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction, and since that time these stories have spread around the country. Those that happened during construction are abundant, such as Meng Jiangnu‘s story and the legend of the Jiayuguan Pass. Meng Jiangnu‘s story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great Wall. The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC). It tells of how Meng Jiangnu‘s bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall collapse. Meng Jiangnu‘s husband Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure, so she set out to look for him. Unfortunately, by the time she reached the great wall, she discovered that her husband had already died. Hearing the bad news, she cried her heart out. Her howl caused the collapse of a part of the Great Wall. This story indicates that the Great Wall is the production of tens of thousands of Chinese commoners.

Another legend about the Jiayuguan Patells of a workman named Yi Kaizhan in the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in arithmetic. He calculated that it would need 99,999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan Pass. The supervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even one brick, then all the workmen would be punished to do hard work for three years. After the completion of the project, one brick was left behind the Xiwong city gate. The supervisor was happy at the sight of the brick and ready to punish them. However Yi Kaizhan said with deliberation that the brick was put there by a supernatural being to fix the wall. A tiny move would cause the collapse of the wall. Therefore the brick was kept there and never moved. It can still be found there today on the tower of the Jiayuguan Pass.

In addition to the above-mentioned stories about the construction of the Great Wall, there are also plenty of stories about current scenic spots. A famous one is the legend of the Beacon Tower. This story happened during the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC-711 BC). King You had a queen named Bao Si, who was very pretty. King You liked her very much, however Bao Si never smiled. An official gave a suggestion that setting the beacon tower on fire would frighten the King‘s subjects, and might make the queen smile. King You liked the idea. The subjects were fooled and Bao Si smiled at the sight of the chaos. Later enemies invaded Western Zhou, King You set the beacon tower on fire to ask for help. No subjects came to help because they had been fooled once before. Thus, King Zhou was killed by the enemy and Western Zhou came to an end.

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