总统演讲稿范文

总统演讲稿范文（精选8篇）

1.总统演讲稿范文 篇一

总统府A 各位游客，大家好，欢迎来到美丽的古都南京，我是来自***旅行社的导游,****，大家可以叫我**，在我身边的便是司机王师傅，有王师傅在，大家可以放心、安心、开心的随我游览。最后希望大家有一段愉快的旅程，我们今天游览的是近代历史博物馆总统府。

总统府位于南京长江路292号，是南京重要的历史遗迹。总统府的历史最早可以追溯到明代，这里是明朝开国皇帝朱元璋软禁陈友谅的儿子陈理的汉王府，之后是朱棣二儿子朱高煦的汉王府，清代在此设两江总督衙门，曾作为清康熙、乾隆二帝行宫。太平天国时改为洪秀全的天朝宫殿；清朝后期仍为两江总督府。1912年1月1日，孙中山就任临时大总统，总统府就设在这里的西花园；1928年，这里又成了国民政府所在地，1948年5月，蒋介石在此就任“总统”。1949年4月23日百万雄师过大江，将南京解放。解放以后作为了省政协所在地，之后2001年正式对外开放。2004年1月被国家旅游局评为4A级景区。总统府分为东、西、中线。由于时间，我们今天游览是总统府中线和东线。

现在我们来到的便是总统府的大门，门楼上悬挂的“总统府”三个字是由原监察院副院长周钟岳所写。门楼是仿古罗马凯旋门建筑风格，用钢筋混凝土建造，大门南立面为四组八根爱奥尼柱支撑的额檐。门庭开三拱门，中拱最为高大，三拱门上有巴洛克风格的饰线。门上为铸铁空花半圆栅栏，门为双扇空格花铸铁大门，每门上下花心为泥金方铁，与黑色大门相衬，既凝重大方又不失豪华气派。不过，原铁门已毁（1958年），现大门是2003年按原式样重新制作。门前的一对石狮子，是清两江总督署辕门的旧物，大门是二层西式古典门廊式建筑，一楼为门房、卫士室，二楼为卫兵宿舍，楼顶为升旗平台。

大门内是花草繁茂的院落，两侧房屋为当年江总督府的吏户礼科官员的办公之地，民国时为卫兵驻地，而我们正前方的这座建筑就是大堂，是一中式建筑，太平天国时期，是太平天国天王府荣光大殿的所在。清同治九年，时任两江总督的曾国藩依太平天国之前的两江总督府的格局，在天王府旧址上重新建造了两江督府，在这里重建了大堂。1912年元旦之夜，孙中山就是在这大堂后的暖阁，宣誓就任中华民国临时大总统的。现大堂梁上至今悬有孙中山先生手书的 “天下为公”巨匾，“天下为公”出自《礼记·礼运》中“大道之行，天下为公”。大堂内挂有六幅画，分别为天国风云、敕洽两江、共和肇始、国府西迁、国共和谈、煦园曙光。

这里便是“清两江总督署史料展”，馆名由著名清史专家戴逸先生题写的。两江总督始建于康熙四年，两江指当时的江南省和江西省，江南省大政包括今天的江苏省、安徽省的南部和上海市。后来，按照地理位置的划分，把安徽称为上江，江苏称为下江，再加上江西，故又称为三江。两江总督在政治地位上仅次于直隶，经济上两江地区是国库税赋的重中之重，所以两江总督的地位极其显赫。

进入庭院，院中有块卧碑，上书“惠洽两江”四个大字，是乾隆皇帝赐给当时的两江总督尹继善的御笔。表示尹继善为官两江，造福一方百姓，尹继善先后四次担任两江总督，长达30余年之久。

整个两江总督署的史料陈列展共分为复制的花厅，署衙史料展馆，近代名督

小会客室、办公室、休息室以及卫生间。蒋介石办公室的对面即为副总统李宗仁的办公室，也是两间带一卫生间的格局，不但朝北，而且面积也小得多。三楼为国务会议厅，北为蒋介石、李宗仁之位，大厅后墙上有孙中山总理像，像的两旁为青天白日徽记的党旗和国旗，像下嵌有汉白玉匾额，为林森所书“忠孝仁爱信义和平”八个大字，主席台东西摆放，其他委员席成“川”字行三行，国务会议每两周开一次例会，主要讨论的内容是：立法原则、施政方针、军政大计等等，四楼为总统府电讯室和职员室，五楼是瞭望室。

现在我们来到了行政院，行政院为五院之首，是民国最高行政机关。它建于1928年，坐北朝南，用了一个“臣”位。北楼二楼迎面有“行政院”三个大金字，它是国民政府首任主席，首任行政院长谭延闿所书。北楼一层现为五院制的形成及沿革的史料陈列，主要包括五院成立的缘由，行政院历史沿革介绍，行政院的构成和五院的概况等内容。南楼现为复原的行政院，一楼为接待室、秘书室、院会议室和休息室。二楼为院长办公室及院部各主要长官的办公室、小会客室。

从行政院南楼东边门直走就是复园，原为总督府的东花园，后遭毁坏，于2002年按史料记载的规模形制重新复建的，被命名为复园，复园为东花园的园中园，是典型的江南园林，内有小桥、流水、游廊等。

1952年1月11日，为纪念太平天国农民起义100周年，在当年朝天宫殿遗址，竖起了“太平天国起义百年纪念碑”由郭沫若题字（2006年回归）。旁边的一组小院落（即马厩北面），建于光绪年间，是清代两江总督左宗棠为纪念陶澍和林则徐而建的（2007年迁建）陶林二公祠。在天朝宫殿历史文物陈列馆外庭园的游廊尽头有一座碑亭，名为刚正亭，亭内有一石碑，刻有“勋高柱石”四个字，为同治皇帝手笔，这是朝廷为褒奖曾国藩镇压太平天国有功而特赐的御碑。

继续向前走，我们所见到的是六排仿古建筑，原为清两江总督署和天平天国时期的营房和马厩，现已恢复六排，北面的第一排是复原的马厩，包括马槽和养马人的住所，北面的第二排就是根据史料复原的总统府军乐队的宿舍，南面最后四排是“晚清与民国”史料馆。六排仿古建筑的最南端的一处大型水池，叫做“镜漪”，在水池的西侧有一块镶有砖雕牡丹花卉图案的影壁，影壁外是东花园的大门。

好了，我们的游览到此结束，谢谢！

2.总统演讲稿范文 篇二

文体学是一门运用现代语言学理论和研究方法研究文体的学科。Wales把文体学定义为“对文体的研究” (Wales, 1989) 。Widdowson认为“所谓文体学, 就是从语言学角度研究文学语篇” (Widdowson, 1975, 转引自王守元, 2000) 。它的研究目的在于通过对具有文体意义的语言特征进行分析, 揭示语言运用的表达效果和交际功能。在中国, 一方面, 传统文体学研究主要集中在诗歌研究方面;另一方面, 当代文体学研究主要集中于研究语篇分析和篇章语言学的区别。此外, 文体学在篇章分析和英语教学中也发挥着越来越重要的作用。美国总统就职演讲是政治演讲的一种, 它在总统就职时向国内外发布, 宣布自己的施政纲领, 说服公众接受并支持自己的观点。本文从词汇、句法和修辞三个层面, 利用具体数据进行分析, 总结出这类文章的文体特征, 有助于英语演讲爱好者提高公众演讲语言运用技能, 并有助于大学英语阅读与写作教学。

2. 奥巴马总统就职演讲的文体分析

2.1 词汇特征

2.1.1 词语结构

文体学家通常将单词所包括字母是否超过6个 (含6个) 字母或3个音节 (含3个) 作为分析单词常度的标准。多于 (或等于) 6个字母或3个音节 (含3个) 的单词被称作长单词, 这些单词大多数是来源于拉丁语、法语或希腊语等一些正式词。也有一些是通过派生或合成法构成, 这些单词结构复杂, 属于正式单词的范畴。

日常对话、短评甚至广告中长单词的比例不会高于20% (王佐良, 1987:235) 。所以, 可以看出总统就职演讲中的用词相当正式, 词语结构很复杂。总统演讲共用单词2396个, 其中大于等于6个字母的占27.5%。原因有两点:首先, 总统故意使用正式词语使得自己的演讲很严肃。例如:sacrifice, ancestor, amidst, hatred, consequence, statistics, proclaim, grievance, dogmas, evidence, charity, obscure。其次, 大量单词是通过派生和合成法构成, 其自身结构很复杂, 例如:productive, inventive, sweatshops, risk-taker, faint-hearted, short-cut。从词汇层面的分析我们看出, 作为公共演讲的一种类型, 美国总统就职演讲更具备书面的特征:使用正式、长的、复杂的单词。形式是口语的, 内容却是书面语的。

2.1.2 人称代词的使用

另外一个词汇方面的显著特征就是人称代词的使用, 最常用的就是第一人称代词的单数与复数形式:I, we, our, us, me。在这篇总统就职演讲中, 第一人称 (单、复数) 共42句, 第二人称为0句, 第三人称为22句。

通过使用第一人称单数, 演讲者表明了自己的立场, 而第一人称复数的使用把演讲者与听众紧密联系在一起, 增强亲和力和号召力。

2.2 句法特征

较之日常用语和商业广告, 总统就职演讲更加正式。下面我们将从以下三方面进行分析:句子结构、名词短语、时态。

2.2.1 句子结构

不同体裁文章的句子长度是不一样的, 根据王佐良的分析, 日常对话每一句的句子长度少于12个单词 (王佐良, 1987:204) , 而新闻报道平均每句话的长度约为28个单词 (王佐良, 1987:247) 。法律英语的句子要更长, 大多数法律英语平均每句话多余40个单词。一般来说, 每个句子所含单词越多, 文体就越正式。所有文体平均每个句子含有17.8个单词 (Leech&Short, 1981) 。

通过文体分析, 我们知道总统就职演讲为2396词, 共108句, 句子平均长度为22.2词。总统就职演讲这一文体, 它的平均句子长度比日常对话要长, 但是比新闻要短, 比法律文件更短。

我们详细分析了奥巴马演讲中的句子长度, 最长的是第74句, 共有85个单词。通过分析, 我们发现, 演讲中大多数的句子长度在10—30词之间 (共59句, 占54.7%) 。相对来讲, 大多数日常对话所包含的单词数少于10个 (王佐良, 1987:204) , 新闻报道中每句话包含20—40的单词 (王佐良, 1987:247) 。

通过句子结构分析, 我们发现简单句占40.7%, 复合句占27.8%, 并列句为7.4%, 并列复合句为24.1%。日常对话中句式多为简单句。与新闻报道相比, 复合句所占比例要少很多, 在新闻报道中复合句的比例高达60% (王佐良, 1987:248) 。在法律英语中复合句的比例还要高很多。从句子结构我们可以看出虽然是作为演讲稿但是句子结构十分复杂, 具备正式书面语的句法特点。

2.2.2 名词短语

在演讲语言中, 名词性短语看上去结构比较复杂, 但主要是名词短语的前置和后置。绝大多数主要是由核心名词和1到2个可供选择的成分构成。这些可供选择的成分包括前置成分和后置成分。前置成分是指冠词、数词、代词、形容词和带有形容词作用的名词, 它们位于核心名词的左边。后置成分是指出现在核心名词右边的短语或从句。前置成分大都很简单, 节省空间, 在广告和新闻标题中经常使用这类成分。后置成分位于核心名词之后, 所以使得核心名词更加突出。由于后置成分多为短语和从句, 所以修饰名词更准确, 在正式文本中经常使用。总统就职演说中名词短语的后置成分较为复杂, 这使得整个问题的句法结构较为复杂。例如:

I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.

2.2.3 时态

在总统就职演讲中, 为了将自己的施政纲要传达给大众, 需要回首过去, 审视现在, 展望未来。所以在演讲中, 过去时、现在时和将来时都有体现。

通过分析, 我们发现现在时占大多数 (共87句, 占80.6%) , 这是总统就职演讲的语篇时态特点。这表明奥巴马政府的施政纲要重点着眼于现在, 分析当下时局, 说服民众支持新的政策的实施。受演讲题材的限制, 这篇演讲主要是激起民众的热情、赢得他们的支持, 因而从语态上来看, 主动语态占93.5%, 被动语态较少使用, 仅占6.5%。

2.3 修辞特征

修辞手段的使用是演讲英语的另一个特点。为了得到听众的结束后和支持, 演讲者会使用一些修辞手段来增强演讲的说服力和号召力。修辞手段可以分为句法和语义两种, 句法方面的修辞手段主要是排比和重复。

(1) 词语的排比

Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things———some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.

(2) 短语的排比

I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.

(3) 从句的排比

At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because we the people have remained faithful to the ideals of our forebears, and true to our founding documents.

(4) 句子的排比

Homes have been lost;jobs shed;businesses shuttered.

(5) 段落的排比

For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.

For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West;endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.

在演讲语言中, 比较突出的就是排比结构 (一组相似结构的单词、短语、从句和句子对的排列) 的使用。由于排比结构句式整齐, 节奏感强, 增强了文章的生动性。同时排比结构能够引起听众的注意, 加深听众的印象, 使演讲语言准确、严肃更富有感染力。

从语义上看, 主要的修辞手段就是比喻。

The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace.

Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms.

3. 结语

本文通过对美国总统奥巴马就职演讲的分析, 揭示了以下有关美国总统就职演讲的文体特征。首先, 就职演说词中含有大量抽象名词;现在时使用频率最高, 过去时和将来时频率较低。就职演说具有正式书面语的特点:词汇正式复杂, 句式多为复合句, 主要属于书面语体, 但同时也具有口语体的部分特征。其次, 演讲者充分利用了第一人称代词, 句式多样性和各种修辞手法, 使演讲生动有力, 富于鼓动性。通过分析这一文体特征, 对于更好把握总统就职演讲起到了积极作用, 同时对于大学英语阅读和词汇教学也很有启发意义。

摘要：美国总统奥巴马的就职演讲是政治演讲的典型代表, 本文以其演讲为研究素材, 通过对词汇、句法及修辞层面的具体分析, 旨在解释美国总统就职演讲正式性和生动性的文体特征。

关键词：奥巴马,就职演讲,文体特征

参考文献

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[6]王守元.英语文体学要略[M].济南:山东大学出版社, 2000.

3.总统的演讲课 篇三

即便是口齿正常的国家领袖，想要在演说中挥洒自如也绝非是一件易事，因为你在对一个国家的人喊话。以历任美国总统来说，演讲就是他们的必修课，当然，凡是课程也都会有人不及格。

奥巴马“男中音”有优势

总统演讲的第一个条件：有个好嗓子，就成功了一半。但好嗓子都去百老汇了，剩下来当总统的嗓音就参差不齐了。

奥巴马天生丽质，他是个男中音，听起来沉稳得多；林肯的声音听起来则尖声细气，所以今天的听众其实很难想象，当林肯用他的小细嗓子，在葛底斯堡演说中高喊“我们要在这里下定最大的决心，不让这些死者白白牺牲”，会是一种什么情景；而小布什的嗓音则听起来有点滑稽，加上他不时露出笑容的脸，总让人觉得想笑。

还有一个问题，就是林肯时代没有演讲提词器，不过多半时候也不会出岔子，因为那时候的演讲稿就是他自己写的，而且只有272个单词，印象深刻也不会忘记很多。曾有一个段子说美国总统罗斯福问美国的外交官哈里曼：“为什么英国首相丘吉尔的演讲稿那么激动人心呢？我们的撰稿人怎么就写不出那么有水平的东西呢？”哈里曼说：“那是丘吉尔自己写的。”看来在演讲稿这个问题上，还是躬亲的效果比较好。

奥巴马在演讲上就颇有功力，这一点很像林肯。奥巴马曾经在伊利诺斯州做议员，林肯就出生在那个州，奥巴马的选举开始点就是林肯的老家斯普林菲尔德，颇有点向林肯致敬的意思。和林肯最为相似的是，奥巴马的某些重要演讲稿就是自己所写。除了“偷师”林肯之外，奥巴马的演讲还有一个特色，就是他借鉴了马丁·路德·金博士那种连贯的排比句和问句，从现场录音就可以听得出，因为马丁·路德·金在林肯纪念堂前高喊那些排比疑问句时，下面很多听众很激动地高声回答“耶”，这种句式极大地调动了台下听众的积极性。

小布什是个另类，因为很多词他读不清楚，所以妻子劳拉经常需要在他上台演讲之前，一边帮他整理衣领，一边帮他校正“格鲁吉亚”、“阿塞拜疆”这些国家名字的读法。故此，曾有媒体拍到小布什的副总统切尼在总统演讲时打瞌睡，连自己的副手都如此不屑，说明小布什的演讲真的无聊啊。

写演说稿是个力气活

上文提到罗斯福非常妒忌丘吉尔的演说稿，结果发现那是首相大人自己写的。但像丘吉尔这种勤于写作的领袖真的比较少，多数演说稿还是由人代笔完成的，一篇看似不长的演说稿，其实对写稿人来说就是一项非常的折磨，对各种政治因素的考虑和博弈，一遍遍谨慎的审视和修改，完全就是一件体力活。

1987年，柏林建城750周年，美国总统里根要去发表演说，撰写演说稿的任务就落在了彼得·罗宾逊头上，写点什么呢？

当时的柏林，是东德的首都，柏林墙还屹立在那里，所以东德的外交官首先告诉彼得，不要写猛烈抨击柏林墙的话，不要骂苏联。但是彼得在东德逗留的短短时间内，从身边的人口中只体会到了一种最为强烈的情绪，那就是要求拆掉柏林墙。

于是，彼得开始动笔：“戈尔巴乔夫先生，拆掉这堵墙吧。”因为是对东德人演说，所以他故意用了德语的“先生”一词，思来想去，他又把“拆掉”改成了“推倒”。结果，这篇演说稿在白宫的新闻主管那里被撕成了碎片，他对彼得咆哮道：“一无是处！”

彼得只好又闷头修改，“推倒”又被改成了“拆掉”。最后，这篇演说稿得到了里根总统的首肯，他很喜欢。彼得听了总统的赞许，心情自然很好，可是厄运接踵而至，美国国务院和国家安全委员会看过演说稿之后，简直是暴跳如雷，他们认为那句“拆掉这堵墙吧”简直就是一句天真的玩笑，是明摆着和苏联搞对抗，这种想法出现在总统演说中实在是过于幼稚了。连当时的美国国务卿舒尔茨都觉得，这样的话出现在里根总统的演说中，简直就是对苏联领导人戈尔巴乔夫的冒犯和无礼。

结果，那堵墙没拆，那句话就首先被删掉了，填上了不温不火的一句期待：总有一天，这堵丑陋的墙是会消失的。彼得盯着这句话有点窝火，总有一天会实现，这不是苏联人最爱说的话么？

等里根飞到意大利的时候，这篇演说稿再一次被拿出来讨论，白宫新闻主管把各方的意见都说了一遍，里根自己读了一遍，尤其是“拆掉这堵墙吧”那一段，他笑着说：“留下吧。”等他的飞机抵达柏林时，那些反对派还是不死心，大清早就拿着演说稿再次找到里根，想删除那句话。在前往勃兰登堡门的汽车上，里根对新闻主管说，他必须要讲出那句话，还开玩笑说：“国务院那些家伙肯定会杀了我。”

结果，演说的效果异常地好，曾经坚持要删掉那句话的美国国务卿舒尔茨甚至找到写稿人彼得说：“你是对的！”2年之后，柏林墙被拆除。

“调教总统”的演说训练师

像很多技能一样，演讲的技巧是可以训练的，别以为总统都是天生的演说家，各国政要中像委内瑞拉总统查韦斯那样的“话唠”其实还真不多，而很多美国总统的华丽演讲其实都出自一个训练师之手，他可以让你成为总统，也可以让你成为白痴，他叫迈克尔·锡恩。

与“学生”奥巴马的慷慨陈词不同的是，他轻声细语，为人低调，总是喜欢躲在幕后“调教总统”，他对每一个前来求教的人物也都了如指掌：“克林顿的演说为什么如此精彩？因为他很享受那个过程，只要有听众，他就能侃侃而谈。”

原来，克林顿是个“话唠”。对比鲜明的是，克林顿的妻子希拉里就不是特别喜欢滔滔不绝地演说，这也许就是为什么他们可以做夫妻，甚至在发生了“莱温斯基事件”之后依然是夫妻的原因吧：一个愿意说，一个愿意听。希拉里还在回忆录中提到过锡恩教她如何使用提词器的事情，这就是现在的总统的好处，林肯时代肯定没有那玩意，词儿都记不住，就别当总统了。

奥巴马也不是天生就会使用提词器，2004年他在民主党全国大会“一讲成名”之前，他就是个“演讲菜鸟”，因为他从来没遇到过全国大会那么大的阵势，他攥着自己那2300个单词的演讲稿排练了3遍，还是不得要领。锡恩教奥巴马说，不要被观众席上的噪声所干扰，要学会驾驭鼓掌声，准确地找到停顿和继续的时间点。

现年60岁的锡恩，对每一任总统都很熟悉。锡恩还清晰地记得肯尼迪第一次演讲时的尴尬：“他看起来很害怕，根本不想演讲，那时他才17岁，但是他答应了叔叔要演讲，我对他说‘抬起头，让观众看到你，不要担心！’”

锡恩为何会如此热衷于研究演讲的技巧，因为就像电影《国王的演讲》中的国王一样，锡恩也曾是一名口吃患者，经常在排长队买东西的时候说不出来要买什么，被后面的人狂骂。后来他发现，其实只要稍微改变一下说话的腔调，就可以改正口吃的毛病。后来，他有了自己的媒体顾问公司，从历届美国总统到华尔街金融业巨子，都是他的客户。

现任美国财政部长盖特纳，曾经是一个沉默寡言的木讷之人，最终也在锡恩的调教下变成了一个能说会道的财长。不知道美国前任财长保尔森是否接受过锡恩的培训？他也有些口吃，而且语速很慢，如果他足够能说会道的话，就不需要在请求国会通过经济救援计划时，向当时的众议院议长佩洛西单腿下跪了。

4.总统演讲稿全文 篇四

今晚，我原计划就联邦政府的状况向大家做报告，但今天早些时候发生的事件已经改变了我的计划。今天是一个举国哀悼和缅怀追忆的日子。南茜和我对“挑战者“号航天飞机坠毁的悲剧感到彻骨的心痛。我们知道，我们与全国人民共同承受着悲痛，这真的是一个民族的损失。

20xx年前，几乎是与今天相同的一天，我们在一次恐怖的地面事故中失去了三个宇航员。但是，我们从未在飞行过程中失去任何一个太空人。我们从未遭遇过今天这样的悲剧，或许，我们已经忘却了“挑战者“号航天飞机全体宇航员身上的巨大勇气。但是他们，“挑战者号“上的七人，清楚意识到潜在的危险，却克服了恐惧并出色地工作。我们哀悼以下七位英雄：迈克尔·史密斯，迪克·斯科比，朱迪斯·雷斯尼克，雷诺德·麦克奈尔，埃利森·鬼冢，格雷戈里·贾唯斯和克莱斯特·麦考利夫。我们举国上下一致哀悼他们的远去。

对这七位英雄的家人，我要说的是，我们像你们一样，也不能承受这次悲剧带来的沉重打击。但是我们深切体会到这一巨大损失，并且我们也对你们的悲痛感同身受。你们深爱的家人是如此勇敢无畏，他们具有“给我一个挑战，我会欣然迎接“的从容及献身精神。他们如此渴望探索太空，发现宇宙的奥秘。他们期望为国服务并且真正做到了这一点，为大众服务。

在这个世纪里，我们对奇迹已习以为常，要让我们再感到惊奇不是那么容易的一件事情。但在过去的20xx年里，美国航天计划一直令我们叹为观止，对太空一词我们已经耳熟能详，或许我们已经忘记我们仅是刚刚起步，我们仍是先锋者，“挑战者“号的全体成员都是先锋者。

我还想对观看了“挑战者“号起飞现场报导的美国中小学生们说几句。我知道，你们对这次事件难以理解。但是像这样悲痛的事情时有发生。这次事件仅仅是科学家探索及求知进程的一部分，仅仅是大胆尝试及开拓人类视野过程的一部分。未来不属于懦夫，而属于勇敢的人。“挑战者“号的七位英雄把我们往未来推进了一大步，我们将继续追随他们的足迹前进。

我一直都对我们的航天计划充满信心和敬意，今天发生的悲剧也不会使其有丝毫逊色。我们没有隐藏我们的航天计划，也没有故作神秘，向外界隐瞒情况。我们是在外界和公众面前进行航天计划的。这是自由世界的做法，我们将始终不渝。

我们将继续太空探索，因此，将会有更多的航天飞机起飞和更多的宇航人员，毫无疑问，也将会有更多的志愿者，更多的平民和更多的教师进入太空。探索并不因此而终结，我们的希望和太空旅程将继续下去。

在此，我寄语在美国航空航天局工作的每一个人，以及致力于这一任务的所有工作人员：“多年来，我们为你们的献身精神及敬业作风深受感动。我们理解你们的悲痛，让我们来共同承受它。“

今天有一个历史巧合。在390年前的今天，伟大的探险家弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士在巴拿马海岸外的一艘船上逝世。在他的有生之年，他那伟大的探索疆域是海洋。后来有位历史学家评价道：“弗朗西斯生于海洋，死于海洋，并葬于海洋。“是的，今天，我们也可以这样评价“挑战者“号全体机组人员：他们的献身精神与德雷克毫无二致。

“挑战者“号航天飞机全体机组人员对待生命的态度使我们倍感荣耀。我们永远都不会忘记他们，我们也永不会忘怀今天早上我们最后一次见到他们时的情景：那时他们正在为他们的旅行作准备，挥手向我们道别，然后“滑离地球倨傲的束缚“，前往“轻触上帝的脸颊“。

5.美国总统林肯的演讲稿 篇五

Inaugural Speech by Abraham Lincoln March 4th 1861

Speech：

In compliance with a custom as old as the Government itself, I appear before you to address you briefly and to take in your presence the oath prescribed by the Constitution of the United States to be taken by the President “before he enters on the execution of this office.”

I do not consider it necessary at present for me to discuss those matters of administration about which there is no special anxiety or excitement.Apprehension seems to exist among the people of the Southern States that by the accession of a Republican Administration their property and their peace and personal security are to be endangered.There has never been any reasonable cause for such apprehension.Indeed, the most ample evidence to the contrary has all the while existed and been open to their inspection.It is found in nearly all the published speeches of him who now addresses you.I do but quote from one of those speeches when I declare that:

I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists.I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so.Those who nominated and elected me did so with full knowledge that I had made this and many similar declarations and had never recanted them;and more than this, they placed in the platform for my acceptance, and as a law to themselves and to me, the clear and emphatic resolution which I now read:

Resolved, That the maintenance inviolate of the rights of the States, and especially the right of each State to order and control its own domestic institutions according to its own judgment exclusively, is essential to that balance of power on which the perfection and endurance of our political fabric depend;and we denounce the lawless invasion by armed force of the soil of any State or Territory, no matter what pretext, as among the gravest of crimes.I now reiterate these sentiments, and in doing so I only press upon the public attention the most conclusive evidence of which the case is susceptible that the property, peace, and security of no section are to be in any wise endangered by the now incoming Administration.I add, too, that all the protection which, consistently with the Constitution and the laws, can be given will be cheerfully given to all the States when lawfully demanded, for whatever causeto this provision as much as to any other.To the proposition, then, that slaves whose cases come within the terms of this clause “shall be delivered up” their oaths are unanimous.Now, if they would make the effort in good temper, could they not with nearly equal unanimity frame and pass a law by means of which to keep good that unanimous oath?

There is some difference of opinion whether this clause should be enforced by national or by State authority, but surely that difference is not a very material one.If the slave is to be surrendered, it can be of but little consequence to him or to others by which authority it is done.And should anyone in any case be content that his oath shall go un-kept on a merely unsubstantial controversy as to how it shall be kept?

Again: In any law upon this subject ought not all the safeguards of liberty known in civilized and humane jurisprudence to be introduced, so that a free man be not in any case surrendered as a slave? And might it not be well at the same time to provide by law for the enforcement of that clause in the Constitution which guarantees that “the citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States”?

I take the official oath to-day with no mental reservations and with no purpose to construe the Constitution or laws by any hypercritical rules;and while I do not choose now to specify particular acts of Congress as proper to be enforced, I do suggest that it will be much safer for all, both in official and private stations, to conform to and abide by all those acts which stand un-repealed than to violate any of them trusting to find impunity in having them held to be unconstitutional.It is seventy-two years since the first inauguration of a President under our National Constitution.During that period fifteen different and greatly distinguished citizens have in succession administered the executive branch of the Government.They have conducted it through many perils, and generally with great success.Yet, with all this scope of precedent, I now enter upon the same task for the brief constitutional term of four years under great and peculiar difficulty.A disruption of the Federal Union, heretofore only menaced, is now formidably attempted.Top

I hold that in contemplation of universal law and of the Constitution the Union of these States is perpetual.Perpetuity is implied, if not expressed, in the fundamental law of all national governments.It is safe to assert that no government proper ever had a provision in its organic law for its own termination.Continue to execute all the express provisions of our National Constitution, and the Union will endure forever, it being impossible to destroy it except by some action not provided for in the instrument itself.Again: If the United States be not a government proper, but an association of States in the nature of contract merely, can it, as a contract, be peaceably unmade by less than all the parties who made it? One party to a contract may violate itbut does it not require all to lawfully rescind it?

Descending from these general principles, we find the proposition that in legal contemplation the Union is perpetual confirmed by the history of the Union itself.The Union is much older than the Constitution.It was formed, in fact, by the Articles of Association in 1774.It was matured and continued by the Declaration of Independence in 1776.It was further matured, and the faith of all the then thirteen States expressly plighted and engaged that it should be perpetual, by the Articles of Confederation in 1778.And finally, in 1787, one of the declared objects for ordaining and establishing the Constitution was “to form a more perfect Union.”

But if destruction of the Union by one or by a part only of the States be lawfully possible, the Union is less perfect than before the Constitution, having lost the vital element of perpetuity.It follows from these views that no State upon its own mere motion can lawfully get out of the Union;that resolves and ordinances to that effect are legally void, and that acts of violence within any State or States against the authority of the United States are insurrectionary or revolutionary, according to circumstances.I therefore consider that in view of the Constitution and the laws the Union is unbroken, and to the extent of my ability, I shall take care, as the Constitution itself expressly enjoins upon me, that the laws of the Union be faithfully executed in all the States.Doing this I deem to be only a simple duty on my part, and I shall perform it so far as practicable unless my rightful masters, the American people, shall withhold the requisite means or in some authoritative manner direct the contrary.I trust this will not be regarded as a menace, but only as the declared purpose of the Union that it will constitutionally defend and maintain itself.In doing this there needs to be no bloodshed or violence, and there shall be none unless it be forced upon the national authority.The power confided to me will be used to hold, occupy, and possess the property and places belonging to the Government and to collect the duties and imposts;but beyond what may be necessary for these objects, there will be no invasion, no using of force against or among the people anywhere.Where hostility to the United States in any interior locality shall be so great and universal as to prevent competent resident citizens from holding the Federal offices, there will be no attempt to force obnoxious strangers among the people for that object.While the strict legal right may exist in the Government to enforce the exercise of these offices, the attempt to do so would be so irritating and so nearly impracticable withal that I deem it better to forego for the time the uses of such offices.Top

The mails, unless repelled, will continue to be furnished in all parts of the Union.So far as possible the people everywhere shall have that sense of perfect security which is most favourable to calm thought and reflection.The course here indicated will be followed unless current events and experience shall show a modification or change to be proper, and in every case and exigency my best discretion will be exercised, according to circumstances actually existing and with a view and a hope of a peaceful solution of the national troubles and the restoration of fraternal sympathies and affections.That there are persons in one section or another who seek to destroy the Union at all events and are glad of any pretext to do it I will neither affirm nor deny;but if there be such, I need address no word to them.To those, however, who really love the Union may I not speak?

Before entering upon so grave a matter as the destruction of our national fabric, with all its benefits, its memories, and its hopes, would it not be wise to ascertain precisely why we do it? Will you hazard so desperate a step while there is any possibility that any portion of the ills you fly from have no real existence? Will you, while the certain ills you fly to are greater than all the real ones you fly from, will you risk the commission of so fearful a mistake?

6.美国总统大选讲稿 篇六

税收

奥巴马： 投资在教育和培训。发展新的能源来源，缩减开支

改善教育系统，降低企业税率至25%，关闭漏洞；给予在美国投资的公司减税优惠；

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开放更多贸易，特别是拉丁美洲；（若是中国欺诈则制裁）平衡预算，支持小企业

为中产阶级提供税额减免，通过能源、贸易、正确的培训项目、平衡预算、帮助小企业。教育：培训项目47个由联邦政府管辖，向8个不同的机构汇报，日常管理费用惊人，以你更改让这些钱重新回到各个州，让他们寻找工作需要的培训。

降低税率，降低企业税和个税，但是也减少减税、抵税和免税。

让天然气和石油产量翻番，把输油管从加拿大引过来。要继续燃烧洁净煤，原则是不增加赤字的减税。赤字

罗姆尼：削减开支 鼓励经济增长

不会向中国借钱做事，摒弃不好的项目；把好的项目给各个州运作，如果他认为各个州运作更加高效；让政府高效，削减职员数量，通过人员自然缩减，合并机构和部门；通过让更多的人工作得到更高的报酬从而缴纳更多的税。奥巴马：当政四年，削减开支，减少赤字，不给把工作转移到海外的公司税赋减免，第二次讲稿

第三次讲稿

利比亚、伊朗、恐怖主义、崛起中的中国、阿富汗战争和叙利亚问题成为重点讨论议题。[7]

其中最为引人瞩目的话题是：中国崛起和未来的世界。美国总统大选拿中国“说事儿”，并不稀奇，但是像今年这样频繁而高调，还是首次。中国因素全面渗入大选，两党候选人不仅频繁抛出强硬对华政策，中国崛起还首次成为大选辩论的独立辩题，并压轴“出场”。

奥巴马和罗姆尼对中国问题并未形成“激辩”，而是仿佛一唱一和，纷纷宣称要和中国搞好关系，但中国一定要遵守“游戏规则”，不要再“造假货”，而且人民币要再升值。在对华态度上，两位候选人的区别是，奥巴马平和一些，罗姆尼更加激进，再次称中国是“汇率操纵国”。

实际上，从去年参选之初，罗姆尼便主打强硬对华贸易政策。罗姆尼曾宣称，在当选为美国总统的第一天，就要给中国贴上操纵人民币汇率的标签，并且在知识产权保护方面对中国宣战。进入2012年，奥巴马也开始在国情咨文中表露出对华贸易施压的风向。奥巴马还曾经大力宣扬美国向世贸组织投诉中国。

除了对华贸易政策，“中国因素”还是奥巴马和罗姆尼互相攻击的工具。奥巴马不断讽刺罗姆尼创立的贝恩资本，将产品制造“外包”给中国等国家，剥夺美国人工作，为自己盈利。而罗姆尼则大骂奥巴马对华懦弱，几乎在“恳求北京”。

7.总统演讲稿范文 篇七

Public speech is an art.It presents the features of formal written language while exhibiting characteristics of the speaker.Barack Obama, an excellent speaker, addressed his victory speech in November 2012, which was very convincing and considered a classic for its perfect using of rhetorical features, lexicon, syntax, body language and phonology.Stylistic analysis of public speeches is conducted to deepen readers’understanding of Obama’s victory speech, and to find where the secrets of success lie.On the other hand, as the leader of the most powerful country in the world, his speech and delivery was concerned by people all over the globe.Through analyzing Obama’s victory speech, we can know about the career of this outstanding political leader, his communicative skills and personalities.Besides this, we can also know the tendency of future development and the main part of this country through his speech.

2 Rhetorical Features Analysis

2.1 Parallelism

According to the American Heritage Dictionary (2012) , parallelism means the use of identical or equivalent syntactic constructions in corresponding clauses.In grammar, parallelism is a balance of two or more similar words, phrases, or clauses.The application of parallelism in sentence construction can sometimes improve the clearness and readability of the writing, facilitate the expression of strong feelings and the power of language.Meanwhile, the special syntactic feature of parallelism, can strengthen the beauty of rhyme of the language.Obama used many parallel structures in his victory speech.

Example-1

You’ll hear the determination in the voice of a young field organizer who’s working his way through college and wants to make sure every child has that same opportunity.You’ll hear the pride in the voice of a volunteer who’s going door to door because her brother was finally hired when the local auto plant added another shift.You’ll hear the deep patriotism in the voice of a military spouse who’s working the phones late at night to make sure that no one who fights for this country ever has to fight for a job or a roof over their head when they come home.

In the above example the coherence and beauty of language is clearly and successfully demonstrated by the paralleled sentence step by step.It displays in detail what the campaign group members had done, thus expressing Obama’s gratitude towards the campaign group and his appreciation of their work.

Example-2

That’s why we do this.That’s what politics can be.That’s why elections matter.

While these sentences are short, this kind of parallelism can strengthen the momentum of a sentence parallelism.

Example-3

Democracy in a nation of 300 million can be noisy and messy and complicated.

The three words, noisy, messy and complicated, form a parallel structure of word to make the sentence brief and strong.

Example-4

We believe in a generous America, in a compassionate America, in a tolerant America.

The parallel structure of phrases shows the merit of America:the confidence and virtue of the world’s leader—the United States of America.

Example-5

We believe in a generous America, in a compassionate America, in a tolerant America, open to the dreams of an immigrant’s daughter who studies in our schools and pledges to our flag, to the young boy on the south side of Chicago who sees a life beyond the nearest street corner, to the furniture worker’s child in North Carolina who wants to become a doctor or a scientist, an engineer or an entrepreneur, a diplomat or even a president—that’s the future we hope for.That’s the vision we share.That’s where we need to go—forward.That’s where we need to go.

Using a variety of parallelism, this section emphasizes the image of the United States as a country providing a variety of opportunities, generosity, compassion and patience to immigrants from around the world.It is a country to be proud of as well as the core of the American dream.

2.2 Repetition

Repetition is restricted to those cases of exact copying of a certain previous unit in a text, such as word, phrase or even a sentence (Leech, 1969) .Repetition is the simple repeating of a word, within a sentence or a poetical line, with no particular placement of the words, in order to provide emphasis.Through the selection and modification of words, it makes the expression of language more accurate, distinct, vivid and powerful.

Example-6

It moves forward because you reaffirmed the spirit that has triumphed over war and depression, the spirit that has lifted this country from the depths of despair to the great heights of hope, the belief that while each of us will pursue our own individual dreams, we are an American family and we rise or fall together as one nation and as one people.

With the repetition of the word spirit Obama successfully drew the audience’s attention to individualism which is the core of the American culture.

Example-7

To the best campaign team and volunteers in the history of politics (cheers) the best, the best ever.

Best is also repeated three times, to emphasize the excellence of team.

2.3 Metaphor

Metaphor is a lexical rhetorical device.It is an implied relation between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common.It is an important rhetorical device used in the public addresses.Using metaphors contributes to explaining affairs much more vividly and profoundly to enhance the expressive force.Take the following as examples:

Example-8

While our journey has been long, we have picked ourselves us.

Here Obama uses the word journey to refer to America’s future and development.It helps embodying America’s future and drawing a blueprint which can make audiences feel confident.

Example-9

Thank you for believing all the way, through every hill, through every valley, you lifted me up the whole way.

The meaning of hill and valley in writing are natural landscape.In this speech, it stands for the difficulties and hardships on the campaign trail.

2.4 Alliteration

In language, alliteration is the repetition of a particular sound in the prominent lifts (or stressed syllables) of a series of words or phrases.Its main rhetorical function is to enhance the rhythm of language, to render vividness to language expressions and to impress the audience more deeply.

Example-10

The spirit that has lifted this country from the depths of despair to the great heights of hope.

As depth can be replaced by bosom, despair can be replaced by hopelessness, Obama uses depths and despair, heights and hope to make a two pairs of alliteration which forms a better sentence structure, attracts audiences’attention and makes his idea easy to accept.

Example-11

I've seen it in the soldiers who reenlist after losing a limb and in those SEALS that charged up the stairs into darkness and danger because they knew there was a buddy behind them watching their back.

Obama uses darkness and danger to make a pair of alliteration which is to show the diligence of the soldiers to protect their country.It is easy to arouse resonance with the audience.

2.5 Allusion

Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary (2003) defines“allusion”as“an implied or indirect reference.”So allusion is an indirect reference to people or things outside the text in which it occurs, without mentioning them explicitly.

Example-12

We’re not as cynical as the pundits believe.We are greater than the sum of our individual ambitions, and we remain more than a collection of red states and blue states.

As all American know, red and blue refer to two political parties.Hence here Obama indicates that the U.S.consists of different politics and political areas.This kind of saying shows Obama’s idea in the simplest way.

Example-13

America has never been about what can be done of us, it’s about what can be done by us by the hard, frustrating but necessary work of self government.That is the principle we were founded on.

The above sentence rewrites President Kennedy’s famous quote“And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country”.It easily arouses resonance with the audience.

3 Lexical Analysis

At lexical level of linguistic description, lexical choice is mainly examined by the analysis of content words.According to Qian Yuan (2011) , it involves whether the words are simple or complex, formal or informal, general or specific.The lexical items of public speech include hard words, abstract nouns, and personal pronouns, which make the speech more formal and serious, increasing the speaker’s credibility and dignity.

3.1 Hard words

Hard words refer to polysyllabic words of three or more syllables, not including inflection, compounding and proper nouns (Qian Yuan, 2011) .Simple words derive from Anglo-Saxon words, which stand for informality, usually used in dialogue.Hard words are often used in public speeches.They convey formality, credibility and authority.

Hard Words may attract audience’s attention, and moreover enhance the formality and energies of the speech.In Obama’s victory speech, the whole text has 2290 words while hard words account for about 5%of the total, lower than the usual inaugural speech of the other presidents.Hard words include determination, opportunity, controversy, compromises, struggles, destiny, and responsibilities.

Relatively easy to understand on the whole, the speech shows Obama’s intention of speaking with an easy style.Many ordinary people feel a distance from the candidate because he/she may always employ hard words to show that they belong to the so called“elite”or high intellectuals.However, Obama employs relatively simple words to bring the audience closer.

3.2 Abstract words

Abstract noun refers to a quality, state, or action instead of physical thing.The wide use of abstract nouns is one of the stylistic features of public addresses, making a sharp contrast with daily conversations.In Obama’s speech, we can find such words:spirit, ambition, appreciation, determination, innovation, recognition, patriotism, freedom, responsibility, obligations, hardship, confidence, dignity, passion.

Abstract words would make the speech more graceful.Moreover, in addition, the usage of abstract words instead of specific words can make the speech more profound and formal.

4 Syntactic Analysis

4.1 Sentence type

There are four major types of sentences in English:declarative sentences, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences and exclamative sentences.We can see that Obama prefers to use declaratives in his victory speech.A declarative sentence or declaration, one of the most common types in public speech, commonly makes a statement.It is brief and crisp, and full of charisma.Let’s take the following sentence for example,

Example-14

And together with your help and God’s grace we will continue our journey forward and remind the world just why it is that we live in the greatest nation on Earth.

The sentence perfectly shows Obama’s confidence in the country and his determination to go on the journey.

At the end of the speech, Obama used a declarative sentence to call on all Americans to struggle for America’s tomorrow, which made a sonorous and powerful end to the speech.Let me say this publicly Michelle I have never loved you more, this is imperative sentence.The imperative sentence, used at the end of his public speech, aroused the passion of the audience, and appealed to them to follow the speaker’s willingness.

4.2 Sentence length

The length of sentence is determined to a certain degree by the style of the text.It reveals the degree of formality of the text.Generally speaking, the average sentence length of a public speech is longer than that of a daily conversation and advertisement and shorter than that of legal documents and technological texts.

The above figure shows that sentences with fewer than 20words account for more than 50%of the speech text.The average sentence length is 20.1 words.Compared with his first victory speech delivered on Nov.4, 2008, with the average sentence length of 28.0 words, Obama used more short sentences in this victory speech, making his speech more vivid and exciting.Meanwhile, the short sentences sound more powerful and enthusiastic, successfully helping Obama to arouse the passion of the audience.Meanwhile, Obama also adopted some long sentences to convey the complicated ideas with parallel structures.Thus the alternate use of short and long sentences helps to make this speech neither too dull nor too wearisome.

5 Structure Analysis

A public speech usually contains three parts:the introduction, the body and the conclusion.The following section will deal with the different parts of each speech to see how Obama organized his speech.

Introduction starts from the beginning to“Thank you for believing all the way, through every hill, through every valley, you lifted me up the whole way and I will always be grateful for everything that you have done and all the incredible work that you've put in.”It expounds the significance of this campaign, and expresses Obama’s gratitude towards the people of United States, the opponent, and the family.The body starts from“I know that political campaigns can sometimes seem small, even silly, and that provides plenty of fodder of the cynics who tell us that politics are nothing more than a contest of egos, or the domain of special interests, but if you ever get the chance to talk to folks who turned out at our rallies and crowded along the rope line at a high school gym, or saw folks working late at a campaign office at some tiny county far away from home, you'll discover something else.”and ends at“And I know that every American wants her future to be just as bright.That's who we are.That's the country I'm so proud to lead as your president.”It gives a detailed description of the difficulties confronting the American people and government, and of the efforts made by the people and government.The last part is the conclusion, ending with“I have always believed that hope is that stubborn thing inside us that insists, despite all the evidence to the contrary, that something better awaits us so long as we have the courage to keep reaching, to keep working, to keep fighting.”This conclusion delivers the confidence of the American, and firmly believes in a bright future.

6 Conclusion

In the above parts, the author has analyzed the language features of Obama’s speech from four aspects:rhetorical devices, lexical analysis, syntactic analysis and structural.The major finding in this analysis is that Obama's appropriate usage of stylistic features contributes to a successful, attractive speech.The implication of this paper is that analysis of stylistic features contributes to a better understanding of the speech.A better knowledge of stylistics may result in a better speech.

摘要：2012年11月7日, 美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马在总统选举中成功连任, 当选美国第57届总统, 当晚他于芝加哥发表了胜选演说。这篇演讲鼓舞人心, 征服了来自美国甚至全世界各地的听众, 获得各界极大的好评和推崇。该文从修辞特征、词汇、句法和篇章结构等角度对奥巴马2012年胜选演讲进行语体分析, 以加深读者对奥巴马胜选演讲的理解。

关键词：奥巴马,获胜演讲,文体分析

参考文献

[1]Enkvist N E, Spenser J.Linguistics and Style[M].London:Ox-ford University Press, 1964.

[2]Leech G N.A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry[M].London:Longman Press, 1969.

[3]American Heritage Dictionary[M].5thed.Bantam:Houghton Miff-lin Company, 2012.

[4]Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary[M].11thed.MerriamWebster, 2003.

[5]钱瑗.实用英语文体学[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 2011.

[6]王守元.英语文体学要略[M].济南:山东大学出版社, 1990.

[7]曾亚平, 黄振定.论奥巴马总统竞选获胜演讲的文体风格[M].湖南大学学报:社会科学版, 2009 (3) :88-90.

8.总统演讲稿范文 篇八

58岁的查韦斯过去一年来一直在同癌症战斗。往年他在演讲中时而放声高歌，时而大讲亲民逸事，博得委内瑞拉国内很多贫苦民众的好感。在距lO月7日总统选举不到一个月之际，查韦斯在委内瑞拉西南部的圣费尔南多发表讲话，为当总统14年来丧失的自由而感伤。此举让他的支持者吃了一惊。

随着泪水流下脸颊，查韦斯以颤抖的声音说道：“要是能由着我的意思来，你们知道我非常希望走下台去，像过去一样行走。我最终的梦想就是解放自己、摆脱这一切，但这只有在我们让梦想中的国家变为现实之后才能实现。”

病后曾打算退出政坛

不久前，委内瑞拉总统查韦斯承认，在查出癌症之后他曾准备离开政坛：“曾几何时我开始想，的确是该退出政坛了，但谢天谢地，我现在恢复健康了。”

2011年6月，查韦斯在古巴接受了盆腔囊肿手术，随后还接受了一次肠道恶性肿瘤切除手术，此后查韦斯接受了数次放射治疗。2012年2月底，查韦斯再赴古巴接受恶性肿瘤切除手术。今年6月，委内瑞拉医生表示，总统的身体状况“完全正常”。现在，用查韦斯的话说，他感觉非常好，正在进行必要的训练，并且称职地履行着总统的职责。

今年10月7日，委内瑞拉将举行新一届总统选举，58岁的查韦斯计划第三次连任。他的主要竞争对手是反对党统一候选人思里克·卡普里菜斯。

知识分子支持查韦斯

据来自哈瓦那的消息，哈瓦那知识分子、艺术家和保卫人类的社会战士网络日前发布一份号召书，世界上100个国家的100多万知识分子、积极分子、农民和工会人士表示声援委内瑞拉总统查韦斯和玻利瓦尔革命。

委内瑞拉将于lO月7日举行总统选举，查韦斯总统谋求连任，目前他的支持率领先于对手卡普里莱斯。古巴作家和艺术家联盟主席米格尔·巴内特通过南方电台发布一份通报强调，社会积极分子的团体响应这个号召，目的是要求尊重委内瑞拉人民的自由决定，以便继续实施由政府推动的社会计划。

委内瑞拉驻古巴大使安东尼奥·拉米雷斯指出，在发出“我们声援玻利瓦尔的委内瑞拉”的号召几天以后，世界上的声音组合在一起，以便保卫委内瑞拉有利于绝大多数人的包容政策取得的成果。

在立即响应声援查韦斯和玻利瓦尔革命的号召的知名人士中有诺贝尔奖获得者阿道夫·埃斯基维尔、里戈贝塔·门丘、纳迪内·戈迪梅，有巴西前总统卢拉和美国演员丹尼·格洛维等。

与卡斯特罗合写新书

不久前，古巴前领导人菲德尔·卡斯特罗正在与委内瑞拉总统乌戈·查韦斯合写新书。古巴的约安德里·丰塔纳经常在自己的网志上发布官方消息，此番出面辟谣，驳斥一些社交媒体上关于卡斯特罗病重的传言，并说，他要给这些人和“中央情报局的宣传仔们”一个“坏消息”。

“菲德尔·卡斯特罗正在与乌戈·查韦斯为一本将在不久之后面世的书共同工作。”丰塔纳写道，“革命领袖正在密切关注厄瓜多尔就朱利安·阿桑奇事件的立场，同时也对其他国内和国际议题抱有兴趣。”

查韦斯是卡斯特罗的亲密盟友和古巴最重要的援助者。路透社的报道说，8月13日，查韦斯曾在Twitter发文，形容卡斯特罗精神矍铄，并祝他86岁生日快乐。