牛津英语六年级上课文翻译

牛津英语六年级上课文翻译（精选5篇）

1.牛津英语六年级上课文翻译 篇一

牛津高中英语模块4课文翻译

Unit 1 ReadingAdvertisements Nowadays, we can find advertisements almost wherever we go.We are so used to them that we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day.I did some research on advertisements, and have some very important information to share with you.如今，无论我们走到哪里，几乎都可以看见广告。我们已经对广告习以为常，甚至常常都意识不到在一天中看见或听见多少广告。我对广告进行了一些研究，有一些非常重要的信息要与你分享。

What is an advertisement? 什么是广告? An advertisement uses words and pictures to persuade people to buy a product or a service, or to believe in an idea.Newspapers, magazines, the Internet, radio and television are the most common places to find them.There are two main types of advertisements---commercial advertisements and public service advertisements(PSAs).A commercial advertisement is one which someone has paid for to advertise a product or service.PSAs are often run for free, and are meant to educate people about health, safety, or any other problem that affects public welfare.广告使用文字、图片来说服人们购买一种产品或服务，或者接受某种观念。报纸、杂志、互联网、广播和电视是最常见到广告的地方。广告有两种主要的形式——商业广告和公益广告(简称PSAs)。商业广告是为了推销某种产品或服务而花钱做的广告。公益广告往往是免费投放的，旨在就有关健康、安全或影响到公共福利的任何其他问题教育人们。

Does an advertisement tell people the complete truth? 广告告诉人们全部实情了吗? There are laws toprotect people from advertisements that cheat people.However, we still must be aware of the skilful methods used in ads to try and sell us things.Even if an ad does not lie, it does not mean it is altogether innocent.One toothpaste ad declares, ‘Bright-Teeth fights bad breath!’ This statement tries to fool you into assuming that the toothpaste cures bad breath, yet it does not say that!All it says is that it fights it, and that is not the same thing at all.One grocery tells customers, ‘You are proud of your cooking, so shouldn’t you buy the very freshest food?’ This ad is very clever, because it tells customers they are good cooks.However, it never says that this grocery has the freshest food!The grocery just hopes that when you read the ad, you will feel pleased with the nice comment, remember the words ‘freshest food’, and make a mental connection with the food in the grocery.We must not fall for this kind of trick!

尽管有法律保护人们免受虚假广告的侵害。但是我们仍然应该了解广告中试图向我们兜售东西的常用技巧。即使一则广告没有撒谎，也并不意味着它就是完全“清白”的。

一则牙膏广告宣称

“亮齿牌牙膏挑战口臭!”这一表述试图糊弄你，让你误以为这种牙膏可以治愈口臭，但事实上广告中并没有这样说！广告所说的就是牙膏“挑战”口臭，这和“治愈”根本不是一回事。一家食品杂货店告诉顾客．“您为自己的厨艺骄傲，难首您不应该购买最新鲜的食品吗?”这则广告非常聪明，聪明就聪明在它恭维顾客是好厨师。但是，它决不声称本店供应的是最新鲜的食品。这家食品杂货店只是希望当你读到这则广告时，你会很乐于 1

看到其中的恭维，记住“最新鲜的食品”这个词，在心理上将其与该店里的食品联系起来。我们切莫掉进这类陷阱中。

Public service advertisements 公益广告

Not all ads play tricks on us though.PSAs use some of the same methods, like attractive pictures and clever language, but they are made to serve the public.PSAs aim to teach us and help us lead better lives.Our government understands this and has been using PSAs to educate people for many years.China began a nationwide public service advertising campaign in 1996, and since then various types of PSAs have appeared around the country.You have probably seen or heard some of them yourself, such as, ‘Yes to life, no to drugs’ and ‘Knowledge changes life’.These ads deal with widespread social concerns.There are also PSAs that encourage people to support public service projects, such as Project Hope.Its motto is ‘Project Hope---educating every child’.There are even PSAs to teach us how to live healthy lives.One of these is, ‘When you smoke cigarettes, you are slowly killing yourself.’ All of these ads are meant to benefit the public, and you can often learn a lot by following the advice they give.但并非所有的广告都跟我们玩花招。公益广告使用一些同样的方法，例如用吸引人的图片和巧妙的文字，但是它们的目的是服务公众。公益广告旨在教育我们，并帮助我们过上更好的生活。我们的政府了解这一点，多年来一直用公益广告教育人们。中国于1996年开始一场全国性的公益广告宣传活动，从那时起、多种形式的公益广告在中国出现。你自己可能就看到过或听说过其中的一些，例如“珍爱生命，远离毒品”以及“知识改变命运”。这些广告关注普遍存在的社会问题。还有一些公益广告鼓励人们支持公益事业项目，例如希望工程。希望工程的宣言就是：“希望工程——让每一个孩子都可以上学。”甚至还有一些公益广告指导人们如何健康地生活。其中之一是

“吸烟等于慢性自杀。”所有这些广告都旨在使大众受益。遵循这些广告给出的建议，你往往可以学到很多东西。

Finally, I wish to tell you this: think about why you should do the things the ad suggests, or buy the product or service the ad promotes.When it comes to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them!

最后，我想告诉大家：想想你为什么要做广告建议你做的事情，或者为什么要买广告推销的产品或服务。谈及广告，我们都必须运用自己的智慧，而不要做广告的奴隶。如何策划广告宣传活动？

不同于一则单独的广告，广告宣传活动是预先策划的系列广告，利用各种广告形式去影响特定的受众。当你要开始一项成功的广告宣传活动时，你的头脑中必须有明确的目标和受众。重要的是，你得确切弄清楚（figure out）想要告诉受众什么、想让他们做什么。在一场广告宣传活动中，你可能需要运用多种不同的媒体（media），包括海报（poster）、报纸、杂志、广播和电视。

你首先必须考虑三个主要问题：

1.谁是你广告宣传活动的受众？

你想影响的人群是你的目标（target）受众。为了确定（determine）目标受众，你需要事先做一点研究和分析（analysis）。你需要去探明受众已有的想法。了解受众非常重要，这样你才可以针对合适的对象给出恰当的信息。

2.你希望你的广告宣传活动说什么？

在确定受众之后，你就该决定你想让他们知道什么或者思考什么了。为了让受众作出预期的 2

反应（react），始终努力去吸引（appeal to）他们是非常重要的。你可以从你的调研中收集此类信息。在策划一场公共福利宣传活动时，你可能需要问自己以下问题：

·我的受众对这个问题已经了解了多少？

·他们会关心或者担忧这个问题的哪些方面？ ·他们感兴趣的这个问题有没有某种历史背景？ ·这个问题如何影响到他们的私人生活？ 3.你如何吸引你的受众？

当你组织一场广告宣传活动时，有许多不同的方式可用来传达讯息。你必须决定你用哪一种方法。这个决定应该主要取决于你的受众目标和哪一种广告最能吸引这群人。

反对吸烟广告宣传活动

每年全球有成千上万人死于吸烟。每一包香烟都含有可以导致肺癌和心脏病的有毒化学物质。这让许多国家花费了大量的金钱，给人的福祉造成了极大的损害。在亚洲有大量的吸烟者。这就是为什么我们选择反对吸烟作为我们广告宣传活动的主题。

我们的目标受众是高中的青少年。我们的主要目的是劝阻年轻人，要他们不要吸烟。我们的研究表明年轻人关注他们的健康和未来。我们将告诉他们吸烟对身体造成不良的后果，以及吸烟如何影响他们身边的人。我们将说明不吸烟额的好处，例如省下钱来花在其他地方。我们的采访还表明年轻人在乎什么是酷以及他们的朋友喜欢什么。我们会告诉他们吸烟为什么不酷，为什么没有吸引力，因为吸烟会让他们身上有难闻的气味，让他们的牙齿腐蚀，皮肤变差、指甲变黄。如果我们可以说服年轻人不要开始吸烟，他们也有可能会督促他们的父母和其他人戒烟。

我们的广告宣传活动将于5月31日世界无烟日开始。我们将在学校周边张贴大幅海报，海报上有我们的标志和口号。我们的网站将为学生提供更多有关吸烟的信息。我们还会在学校杂志上发表一篇文章告诉学生们吸烟的害处，并组织一次作文竞赛。

我们的口号：吸烟导致死亡！

我们的标志：（图片，吸烟的骷髅头）

许多人认为吸烟很酷或者很享受，但是他们没有充分认识到吸烟对健康造成的伤害。这就是为什么我们选择这幅图作为我们的标志。我们希望警醒人们，让他们认识到许多吸烟者过早地死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

Unit 2 Reading

奥林匹克运动会

老师们，同学们，下午好。作为国际奥委会的一名成员，我非常高兴应邀前来贵校，跟大家谈谈奥运会的历史和重要性。我会和你们分享一些有趣的事实和故事，然后会留有提问的时间。

你们知道古代奥运会是何时开始的吗？那是在公元前776年。古代奥运会每4年在古希腊奥林匹亚举行一次，这大概持续了12个世纪，直到公元394年。

古代奥运会的一些运动项目今天仍然可以见到，例如跳远、摔跤和跑步。在古代奥运会上按照传统，运动员都是男性，他们必须裸体竞技。单身女性可以参加他们自己的竞技比赛。比赛在一个专门纪念赫拉（希腊神话中众神之神宙斯的妻子）的节日举行。今天无论国籍，来自世界各地的男女运动员都可以参加比赛。

现代奥运会于1896年在雅典第一次举行。让奥运会得以重生的是法国人皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦。他梦想着奥运会可以让各国人民和平相处。现在，全世界人民都致力于实现这一梦想。他们中有许多是著名的运动员。

有史以来第一次引起公众瞩目的最著名的拳击手可能是在1960年罗马奥运会上，这一情

况你们是否知道？ 他为美国赢得了金牌，当时他还用原名卡修斯·克莱。此后，这个年轻人又赢得了1964年世界重量级拳击锦标赛冠军，后来他改了名，即众所周知的穆罕默德·阿里。他重返1996年的亚特兰大奥运会，在开幕式上点燃了奥运圣火。

另一位我想提到的体育明星是迈克尔·乔丹。每个人都知道他在NBA的成功，但是你们知道他帮助美国篮球队赢得了1984年洛杉矶奥运会的金牌吗？许多年后乔丹也重返奥运会，但与阿里不同，他依然为奖牌角逐赛场。在1992年巴塞罗那奥运会上，乔丹作为“梦之队”成员之一赢得了他的第二枚奥运金牌。

中国运动员也为奥运会做出了重要贡献。在1984年洛杉矶奥运会上，中华人民共和国在缺席奥运32年后又重新返回奥运赛场。我相信当许海峰为祖国赢得第一枚金牌时，整个中国都为之感到自豪。邓亚萍也许是世界上最伟大的女乒乓球运动员，她在1992年和1996年奥运会上共赢得4枚奥运金牌。在2004年雅典奥运会上，当刘翔成为第一个赢得男子110米栏金牌第一位亚洲人的时候，所有的亚洲人都为之激动。

中国在2008年北京奥运会上独领风骚，赢得51枚金牌。中国女子体操队历史上第一次赢得金牌。但是对一些人人来说，印象最深的是前羽毛球世界冠军张宁。她已经33岁，比其他运动员年纪要大很多，但她依然努力，在决赛中获得了金牌。

运动员们不断尝试着挑战人类极限，为全世界人们带来欢乐，上述这些只是其中的一些例子。我们期待在未来看见更多这样的例子。让我们一起祝愿奥林匹克运动有一个成功的未来，彰显往日的荣光。

谢谢！现在有没有人要提问题? Project

一项体育运动如何成为奥运项目？

一项体育运动要成为奥运项目可能是一个漫长的过程。一项运动必须达到许多要求，国际奥委会才会予以考虑。首先，该运动必须有自己的国际组织。其次，必须有至少75个国家，4个大洲的男子从事这项运动，或至少40个国家、3个大洲的女子从事这项运动。这还并非全部要求。要增加一个新的运动项目，就必须淘汰另一个当前的运动项目。这有助于奥委会控制奥运会的预算。

哪些运动项目被淘汰了？

有些运动曾经是奥运会的项目但又被取消了。这包括大家熟悉的运动，如棒球。还有一些比较特殊的项目。如汽艇。人们认为这些运动不再那么流行了，必须为一些更受欢迎的、新的运动项目让路。

哪些运动项目入选了？

有些运动只是最近才得以增补进入奥运会，例如跆拳道在2000你奥运会才首次被列为奥运项目。国际奥委会计划在未来几年内调整一些运动项目。橄榄球和高尔夫曾经是奥运项目，后来被取消，但是2016年这两项运动将重返奥运，因为他们现在非常受欢迎，在世界各地都有人从事这些运动。

哪些运动项目仍在争取？

武术仍然在申请加入奥运会。国际奥委会还没有同意。因为他们要注意不同种类的运动之间的平衡——在奥运会上已经很多项目与搏击相关，如跆拳道和拳击。但是，国际奥委会正在考虑调整未来奥运会体育项目的数目和种类，所以武术迷们将可能梦想成真。

赢并不是全部

足球比赛已经接近尾声，但是两只球队都还没有进球。鹿队的队长把球传给一名队员，然后跑近袋鼠队的球门前。他的队友把球回传给他。但踢得太高了。鹰队队长用手把球拨回地面，然后踢球，球进了。裁判吹响了口哨，比赛结束，鹰队获胜。当然，那个进球本该不算数的，但现在一切都太晚了。

后来，一名记者就所发生的事采访了鹰队队长。

“我们赢了，这是最重要的。”队长说。

袋鼠队被淘汰出局，而鹰队晋级。但是，裁判现在紧盯鹰队，鹰队全力比拼却输了接下来的一场比赛。后来，他们抱怨裁判不公平。

鹰队在联赛上铩羽而归，因未能赢得联赛而愤愤不平。与此同时，袋鼠队也回家了，他们比以前训练得更加刻苦。

在接下来的联赛中，袋鼠队以5比1的比分击败了鹰队。他们一路杀进决赛，对手是熊队，离比赛结束还有几分钟的时间，还是平局。袋鼠队队长靠近熊队大门。一名队员把球传给他，球意外地撞到了他的手。袋鼠队队长示意暂停比赛，让熊队开球。数分钟之内，熊队进球，赢得比赛。

后来，一位记者就所发生的事采访了袋鼠队队长。

“他们赢了，”队长说，“他们是一支更优秀的队伍。”

袋鼠队骄傲地回到家乡，因为他们已经竭尽全力。许多袋鼠队的球员和熊队的球员成了终身好友。袋鼠队虽然失败了，但是找到了比胜利更宝贵的东西——他们找到了友谊，荣誉和尊重。

Unit 3 reading

不仅仅是看电影

RealCine—— 人人都能享受的虚拟现实电影

这次演讲将告诉大家有关RealCine的一些信息： 它是如何应用的，为什么它比电影更好，它还有什么其它的用途。感受RealCine将让你惊叹，你一定会认为这是一项卓越的技术，值得进一步发展。

RealCine技术实质上是虚拟现实（VR）。电影仅仅让观众被动地看和听屏幕上发生的事，而RealCine 与电影不同，它让你参与到剧情活动中，以一种主动的方式与你的视觉、听觉、嗅觉和触觉联系起来。想像一下，一名VR使用者在“游览”喜马拉雅山。他/她不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰顶每一步都艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音；到达顶峰时,他/她将会享受到一种愉悦感和成就感。

RealCine的工作原理是让用户感觉到他们实际上是在一个新世界——一个只存在于电脑程序中的世界。为了达到这一目标，工程师们设计了特殊的VR头戴式耳机，它可以使观众看到环绕在他们周围的三维图像，听到周围的声音。耳机的移动表明观众想去的方向。观众还会戴上特制的手套，这样他/她就可以触摸到他/她看见的人和物体了。给RealCine虚拟世界锦上添花的是，耳机上甚至还有一些小孔，可以释放出与环境相匹配的气味。耳机和手套都与虚拟工作室里的电脑联网。

科学研究已经证明VR技术可以用于治疗有社交障碍的人。在一个案例中科学家利用VR技术治疗一位害怕与他的同学交谈和玩耍的少年。在RealCine创造的虚拟世界中，他成为巴西足球队队长，并在世界杯决赛中踢进了致胜的一球。这鼓励了他在与人交往时更加自信。

有人提出不同意见，认为一些用户可能会对RealCine失望，因为虚拟现实毕竟不是真的。但是，有了VR技术我们可以做许多在现实生活中完全不可能实现的事情。例如，在RealCine的帮助下，一位70岁的老爷爷最近到非洲去旅行了一趟。在现实中，他因为残疾而不能行走，但是，借助VR工作室里的便利设备，他能看见并触摸一头狮子。

除此以外，VR技术还可以用来做安全的环境中训练一些技能，否则这些技能训练可能

相当危险。例如，消费者可以利用RealCine安全地进行训练，而不需要冒着受伤的危险，闯进着火的大楼。VR技术也能被运用在课堂上。老师可以让学生置身于古代的城镇，从而让历史重现；也可以让学生作为鲸鱼或者松鼠来体验世界，用这种方式来进行生物课的教学。

最后，RealCine为城市规划提供了绝望的技术。工程师们可以把某个街区的设计输入电脑，然后利用VR技术在街区中走走，看看这个街区怎么样，并在动工之前作出适当的调整。长远来说，与现在大多数的城市规划方式相比，这种城市规划方式更经济，更实用。我建议政府在未来的城市规划中运用这种技术。

Project

《地心游记》

儒勒·凡尔纳

1863年，奥托·林登布罗克教授在他新买的一本古书里发现一个秘密。这个秘密叙述了一次从冰岛的一座火山口进入地心的旅行。他立即收拾行李启程去冰岛，还强迫他的侄子阿克塞尔和他同行。

在冰岛，教授雇佣了一名叫汉斯的导游。他们三人到达火山后，通过一个小山洞，开始地下的旅行。许多天之后，他们来到一个巨大的房间，里面是一片浩瀚的海洋。海岸上有森林和巨型蘑菇。头顶上，天空充满像太阳一样放射出光芒的气体。

三个人造了一条小船，开始航行。突然两条恐龙钻出水面，争斗起来。在他们得以逃走之前，小船差点被恐龙掀翻。

他们上了岸，开始森林探险。他们遇到了巨型昆虫很多奇怪的生物。当他们到处转悠时，发现远处有一个人背靠树坐着——那一个人至少4米高。三个人非常害怕，飞奔回船。

他们继续航行，看到一个像出口的地方，但是出口被从洞顶掉下来的石头堵住了。他们制造了一颗炸弹来炸碎石头。炸弹爆炸之后，他们的小船失控了，向前冲进了一个大洞里，并顺着水流而下。这一切发生得太快了，他们根本没有时间逃跑，只能在恐惧中抓紧小船。

最终，他们落到了洞底。然后，水把他们推向高处。他们向上漂流了几英里。水猛烈地冲击着他们的船底，把他们推出洞口，进入阳光中。此刻他们发现自己置身于意大利的一座火山中——他们的探险结束了，但一次新的探险又即将开始。

《时间机器》

H.G.威尔斯

这是我的时间机器。只要你坐在这里。握着这两个白色手柄，就可以到未来或者过去旅行。

我上个星期才完成这台机器，我决定去看看未来。当我拉动一个手柄时，周围的世界开始变得模糊。白天，黑夜飞速交替，一切都在眼前变换。建筑物和城市如闪电般出现又消失。最后，我听到一声巨雷，一切都停止下来。我面前是一座城市，看起来很老很破旧。

我现在是在公元802701年，人类进化成为两个种类，艾洛伊人和莫洛克人。艾洛伊人很小，像孩子一样。他们居住在地面之上，所有的时间都在娱乐。相反，莫洛克人看起来像白色的野兽。他们住在地下，让机器保持运转，这样艾洛克人就会很开心，被喂养的很好。

起初，我以为艾洛克人强迫莫洛克人做所有的工作，这样艾洛伊族就可以玩乐。但是，后来我发现我的印象是错误的: 莫洛克人数真正的主人。他们之所以照顾艾洛伊人，是因为他们靠屠杀和食用艾洛伊人为生。莫洛克人甚至试图抓住并杀掉我，但幸运的是，我可以用时间机器逃跑。

然后，我继续向未来旅行了三千万年。我现在站在海滩上，面前是一片汪洋大海，但是既没有风，也没有浪，似乎几乎没有生命的迹象。我继续向未来穿越，太阳变得越来越大、越来越红、越来越暗，大地变冷，被冰雪覆盖。一切都是静止的——没有任何生命，也没有任何运动。

当世界变成一片漆黑时，我拉动了另一个手柄，发现我已经回到了自己的房子里，还在当天，时间仅仅过去三个小时。

2.牛津高中英语课文翻译模块二 篇二

Unit 1Reading

男孩失踪，警方茫然

美国警方现已加紧对一名15岁男孩的搜索，该男孩于三天前在新罕布什尔州的多佛市失踪。该事件引起了公众的极大兴趣，原因是有各种关于男孩失踪前后天空中出现奇怪光亮和外星人造访地球的新闻报道。

人们最后一次看见学生贾斯廷·福斯特是在星期五晚上。当晚8点，贾斯廷和两个朋友到外面打棒球，这两个朋友都说贾斯廷打完球就回家家。目击者也说晚上10点45分他们看到贾斯廷朝家走去。贾斯廷的妹妹，九岁的凯莉说大约11点她听到哥哥回到家中。

“我止准备上床睡觉，”凯莉说，“贾斯廷径直去自己的卧室了。我并没有看到他，但我听到他放了自己最喜爱的CD。我上床睡觉了，大约午夜时分我被窗外的亮光弄醒了。”

起先，小姑娘以为是满月的光亮，然而接着她意识到光亮在移动，而且越来越近。

“我拉开窗帘，看到一只巨大的飞船在窗外飞行。飞船四周是蓝色的光，还有很多窗户里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。我害怕极了。”

凯莉说飞船接着转到房子的侧面，朝她哥哥的卧室移去。“出现一道闪光，我还听到贾斯廷的叫喊，接着“飞船就消失了。从那以后我就再没见过贾斯廷。肯定是外星人带走了他。”

凯莉然后跑去叫醒她的妈妈。但是，福斯特夫人以为贾斯廷在„个朋友家过夜了，因此她认为凯莉只是做了个恶梦，于是将她打发回床上。福斯特先生当晚忙于他的道路建设工作，事件发生时并不在家。第二天午饭时贾斯廷仍未露面，福斯特夫人开始担心起来，于是让丈夫打电话报警。

多佛市的一些人也声称当晚看见了外星人。“这种事在我身上就发生过！’‘梅维斯·伍德夫人说，“那些外星人将我劫持到飞船上，以便他们在我身上做研究。幸运的是，他们放我回家，我一点儿也没有受伤。整个经历太可怕了！回家之后我一直睡不好觉。我认为贾斯廷也是被他们劫持走了。”

当被问及贾斯廷被外星人绑架的可能性时，负责调查此案的萨姆·彼得森侦探告诉记者：“人们有时候编造出这类奇异的故事。事实上并没有确凿的证据证明是外星人劫持了他。所以，尽管我们不排除这种想法，但是我们也在调查其他的可能性。在确认到底发生了什么事之前，我们是不会

放弃的。”

Project 喜马拉雅雪人、北美野人和神农架野人 几个世纪以来，不断有人报告说在喜马拉雅山区看到一种被称为喜马拉雅雪人的野生动物。据说，雪人是种高大多毛，像人类一样用两脚行走的动物。人们相信雪人有时下山攻击村民。

1998年，一名美国登山爱好者声称，他在喜马拉雅山的中国一侧看见过一个雪人。“它走路的样子像人类，但是有浓密的黑毛，大约6英尺高，双肩宽阔，两臂很长，还有一双大手。”他说。

2007年，一个美国电视拍摄组在珠穆朗玛峰附近看到雪地中3 3厘米长的雪人脚印。他们复制了这些脚印，并让美国的一位科学家进行研究。他（科学家）报告说，它们看起来像一种叫北美野人的类似动物的脚印。有人认为北美野人生活在美国西北部的森林里。

喜马拉雅雪人和北美野人与被称为神农架野人的生物很相似。已有很多关于人们在中国湖北省西部的神农架自然保护区看到过一个野人的报道。其中一篇报道讲一群工程师追赶这种以惊人速度和力量移动的生物。人们也发现过一些巨大脚印，有人称它们属于野人。因为这些报道和脚印，人们已经开展了数次有组织的针对该生物的搜寻活动，但是从没有找到它存在的有力证据。

华盛顿州立大学的一名科学家格洛夫·克兰茨博士曾研究有关这类奇怪生物的报道多年。他坚信他们的存在。他认为，这些生物与一个共同的祖先相关联，该动物生活于约3 0万年前的亚洲。他的看法是这种动物迁徙到了世界上的其他地区，并一直存活至今。

科学家们希望野人之谜将来有一天会得以破解。如果野人真的存在，我们或许有机会亲眼看见

野人。

Unit 2Reading

非洲探险

6月3 0日 亲爱的爱华，你好。抱歉很长时间没有给你写信。我最近一直在忙着安排和我哥哥科林度假的事。科林和我计划在他上大学之前花上几个星期外出旅游。我们要去很多令人激动的地方，做很多令人惊叹的事情。首先我们要去非洲。我都等不及了！你去过那里吗

我们将于7月，5日离开伦敦，坐飞机去北非的摩洛哥。我们要骑着骆驼穿越撒哈拉沙漠。这是世界上最大的沙漠——大约相当于美国的面积！，我估计那里会非常炎热、干燥，而且尘土飞扬。我们将在当地导游的带领下骑着骆驼旅行，在帐篷里宿营，席地而睡。我听说过，在撒哈拉，白天没有阴凉之处，在晴朗的夜晚星星格外灿烂。我会随身带一只手电筒，这样在黑暗中我就可以看见了。旅行全程将花六天时间。这意味着我要在骆驼上坐将近一周的时间一一多不舒服啊！我希望我的骆驼会喜欢我！

骑骆驼旅行后，我们将沿着尼罗河顺流而下。我们要从维多利亚湖出发。自维多利亚湖沿河而下不远，河水就变得挺湍急了。所以，我们将进行白浪漂流。这很危险，但也非常刺激！作为保护措施，你得戴上头盔，穿上救生衣，以防万一掉进水里。

之后，我们要前往肯尼亚看那里的野生动物。我们要跟当地的居民一起住在他们的村落里，不管他们吃什么、喝什么，我们也一起吃、一起喝，包括牛血！你觉得我应该喝吗？

因为我们需要徒步行走将近两周时间，所以我得预先买一个大容量的旅行背包来背我的给养一—食物和饮水。白天，我们将穿行于陆地，追寻大象、狮子和长颈鹿之类的野生动物的足迹。尽管这些动物很危险，我们还是要试着尽可能地靠近它们，这样我们就能拍到一些非常棒的照片。但是，不要为我担心，我们的导游都是随身带枪用于防卫的一一如果动物靠得太近，导游就可以用枪将它们吓跑。我真的很想近距离地看一头大象，科林则想看一头长颈鹿。之后我们将继续前进至坦桑尼亚，在那里我们要攀登乞力马扎罗山。登山会让人觉得非常疲惫，由于空气变得稀薄，很多人会感到恶心，所以，科林和我会确保我们能够得到充足的休息。我们的非洲段旅行将历时大约四周，然后，我们将前往喜马拉雅山。

我到所有不同地方都会给你寄明信片的！

爱你的托比

Project

香格里拉

希望有机会去中国西南部发现一个神奇又美丽的地方吗？如果你的回答是肯定的，那就考虑考虑香格里拉之行吧！

如何去那里？

从大理出发，沿滇藏高速公路向北行驶直到你抵达迪庆的首府中甸（香格里拉），距离昆明659公里，两个城市之间有固定航班往返。

世界闻名的中国香格里拉

“香格里拉”一词源于詹姆斯·希尔顿的一部经典小说。如今，香格里拉已经成为指代人间天堂的常用英语单词。希尔顿描绘了一个美丽的国度，那里三河交汇，奇峰高耸，深草如茵盖大地。住在这个完美世界里的人们知道如何永葆青春。

到底什么地方才能正式得到这个人间奇境的名称呢？曾有关于哪个旅游景点能赢得香格里拉这个美名的争论。此书出版许多年之后，一些人发现，小说中的香格里拉与中国云南省的中旬完全吻合。1997年9月，云南省人民政府宣布，中旬就是希尔顿小说中的香格里拉。

在香格里拉你会看到什么？

三座白雪覆盖的高山——梅里、白芒和哈巴一一巍峨屹立，其白雪皑皑的山顶构成了一幅美丽的图画，美得让你无法用语言形容。

山脚下，阳光照在星罗棋布的湖面上，使它们在富丽乡村景色的映衬下，如钻石般闪耀璀璨。成群的牛羊和马儿在绿色的草原上徜佯，周边的森林则是众多鸟类和动物的家园。在这片宁静的土地上，人们和大自然和谐相处，远离外界的喧嚣和烦恼。

大自然给香格里拉提供了无尽的天然宝藏，使得这片土地成了当地居民的幸福家园。

香格里拉的天气

香格里拉天气多变，以至于有人说、你可以在一天里经历四季。前往香格里拉旅游的最佳时间是春季和秋季，这两个季节气温最为温暖舒适。

Unit 3 Reading 木乃伊的诅咒

霍华德·卡特是有史以来世界上最出名的探险家之一。他勇敢无畏，爱好去从未去过的地方探险。在其一生中他发现了许多令人惊奇的东西。

霍华德·卡特没有上过学，但是他从画家父亲那里学会了画画。他天资聪颖，对家乡之外的世界充满了好奇心。1891年，在17岁的时候，他扬帆远航到了埃及的亚历山大。到了20世纪20年代，他已成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。他找到了不少重要的陵墓。在这些陵墓中，他发现了大量的珠宝和黄金，同时还有已故国王经过处理的遗体，这些经过处理的遗体就是为人所知的木乃伊。

1922年，在埃及的国王谷，霍华德·卡特做出了他最惊人的发现。此次探险之前，他得到了卡那封勋爵的资助。卡那封是个对埃及非常感兴趣的英国人。卡特的探险队当时在卢克素城附近的地方进行工作。在这个地方，他们发现了图坦卡蒙国王的陵墓。这是有史以来所发现的最重要的陵墓。“除了国王的木乃伊之外，这座陵墓还藏有大量的珍宝，比我们任何人先前所见过的都要多。”卡特说，“在探查过这座陵墓之后，我们将其封起来，并掩藏了其人口。以后我们要在有更多的时间时来研究这座陵墓。此后，其所有的东西都要收进博物馆。”

然而，不久之后，卡特探险队的成员就开始生病，并相继死去。在他们进入陵墓的那一刻，卡特的那只被他留在开罗的幸运爱鸟被一条蛇给吞吃了。接着，在卡特打开陵墓数月后，当时也在陵墓发掘现场的卡那封勋爵生病发高烧，死在埃及。在卡那封勋爵病死的那一刻，埃及首都开罗所有的电灯突然熄灭。而在英国老家，卡，那封勋爵的狗几乎在同一时间死亡。

乔治·古尔德，卡那封勋爵的朋友，在获悉其奇怪死讯后赶赴埃及。他也去了陵墓，结果第二天就发高烧．1 2小时后便去世了。卡特的秘书理查德·贝塞尔在打开陵墓四个月后死于心脏病。另外一名探险队员阿瑟·梅斯也在发现陵墓后不久死去。

七年间，与陵墓发掘工作有关的人员之中有2 1人死亡。但是，霍华德·卡特却一直活到了65岁。有人说所有那些死亡只是巧合。另一些人则相信这与木乃伊的诅咒有关，是对闯入亡灵安息地的人的惩罚。

尽管如此，仍有其他一些人认为，此事有一个科学的解释。那些陵墓中藏有大量病毒。陵墓被打开时，新鲜的空气搅动了这些病毒。一旦被人吸入，它们就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。如今，科学家们在检查木乃伊的时候都要穿上特殊的服装以保护自己。

但有一点可以肯定的是，“木乃伊的诅咒”至今仍是个谜。Project

探险家

2003年10月16日

在21小时23分钟之内你能够得到的最大乐趣会是什么呢？2003年10月15日，杨利伟回答了这个问题。他的太空之旅让他在仅仅21小时多一些的时间内沿轨道飞行60万公里，环绕地球14圈。这使他成为进入太空的首位中国宇航员。为了这一成就，他经过了多年的努力。

杨利伟出生于1965年，从他还是个小男孩的时候起，就梦想着飞行。他在辽宁省东北部绥中的朋友和老师都说他从小就热爱科学技术。他对学习飞行总有一种强烈的愿望。他的梦想得到了父母以及姐姐和弟弟的鼓励。

1983年，他参军进入飞行学校。他干1987年毕业，并成为一名飞行员。1998年，他申请成为“9 2 1”计划即现名“神舟”计划的成员。他是从将近1500名候选人当中遴选出来的仅仅14人中的一员。在接下来的五年时间里，这些队员接受了各种训练。他们不仅学习成为宇航员所必修的全部科目，还学习生存技巧，以及关于飞船和火箭制造的所有知识。在队员们所学习的各门功课中，杨利伟的成绩都名列前茅。

200 3年9月，1 4名候选人中的3名队员被挑选参加中国的太空探险，杨利伟是其中之一。他接受了所有的测试，并证实了他是担任此项重任的合格人选。虽然杨利伟并非每项测试都得了最高分，但他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。杨利伟的上级将他描述为一个勤奋刻苦、始终能够自控的人。因为这些品质，他的领导对于他将会成功持乐观态度。

3.牛津英语六年级上课文翻译 篇三

本课是同学第一次学习名词性物主代词。以上片断是在教会了前三个物主代词 mine, ours, yours 和新句型，并集中学习了本单元B局部单词后的一个教学过程。这个过程既通过整理家人的礼物复现了8个物品类单词，又通过物品整理自然引出Whose … is it/ are they? 的句型，在回答的过程中出现并学习名词性物主代词his, hers 。最后让同学通过前面的学习，自身说出theirs 这个名词性物主代词。从教到不教，整个教学过程循序渐进，水到渠成。

我认为，这局部的设计衔接了本学习过程前面新学单词的一个巩固复习过程，又在复习过程中引出了新知的教授，一举两得。在同学的思维不被打断的情况下，继续学习余下的新内容。整个过程合二为一，体现了英语教学在用中学，在学中用，学了就用的课程理念。可以说设计巧妙而周到。但我在教学过后马上发现：这一环节作为巩固新单词的话，同学运用新单词来说话的机会并没有什么，有的只是教师在整理物品时新单词的复现。虽然这也是一种巩固方式，得效果没有让同学来用这些新单词来得好。所以，这里无妨设计成让同学模仿教师自身来整理物品。在教师的示范下，同学应该很快能运用课堂一开始学习的Whose …is it /are they? 句型来整理物品。这样放手的.教学，反倒能让同学巩固新单词的效果更佳。这是其一。

其二，在引出新知his ,hers 后，可以引导同学说说名词性物主代词的构成规律：以”s” 结尾的不加什么，其它结尾的加上”s”， 特例mine. 通过让同学自身体验感知新知得出规律，培养同学善于发现，善于总结的学习能力。让同学在学习新知过程中获得成绩感，获得学习的快乐，才干持久坚持同学在英语学习中的兴趣，为以后的学习打下扎实的基础。

第三，这三个教学步骤，充沛体现了教师在教学过程中从扶到放的教学理念。第一步，提醒同学单复数答语的正确使用。第二步，让同学自身说出正确的答语，不加提醒。即使同学说错，也不予纠正，让他自身发现错误改正错误。第三步，人称的使用已不成问题，这时引导同学说出新词theirs ,让同学运用已经得出的规律来指导得出。说出的同学会尝到胜利的喜悦，增强对学习的信心。这些细节虽小，但更能体现教师的教学素质和能力。六年级的教学，扶放结合，该放就放，在教师放手的过程中，同学学会学习的机会更多，同学自主学习能力的培养也落到实处。

4.牛津英语六年级上课文翻译 篇四

Unit6eepuritlean

一、重点单词

lean

dirt

bins

afatr

rubbish

se

二、重点词组

lat

thesepituresfurit

aeuritdirt

sefrars

blasefrfatries

aethestreetessanddirt

Thefisharedead

eepuritlean

taethebusandtheetrtshl

altshl

ve…aafr

putrubbishinthebin

plantretrees

elldne

seeptheflr

leanthedessandhairs

thrrubbishntheflr

liveintheit

thrabananasinnthegrund

piitup

belate

slipnthebananasin

gthspital

三、知识点

、Isuritlean?

N,itisn’t

2、hataesuritdirt?

3、urideasaregreat

4、ushuldn’tdthat

四、语法

5.牛津英语六年级上课文翻译 篇五

Chapter 1

Reading My favorite sport

Skiing is my favorite sport, even though I have only skied for four days in my whole life.Last year, my father promised to take me on a holiday if I did well in my exams.When I got straight A’s, Dad said’ ‘How about a weekend at the Botanical Gardens? ’

However, my mu said, ‘No, you promised a special holiday.I think you ought to keep your word.’ And, despite the expense, he did，M y dream was to see some real snow, so in the Christmas vacation we flew to Seoul, South Korea, and then took a shuttle bus which runs back and forth between Seoul and Muju Resort.As the bus climbed through the mountains, we saw the snow in the trees.I was dying to get out of the bus.No one in my family had ever touched snow before.We were all like little children---we picked it up, made snowballs, and threw them at each other!Then we checked in at the hotel.Our room overlooked one of the ski slopes.The slope was floodlit, so we watched people skiing until 10 p.m.We could not wait to try it ourselves.The next day we had our first skiing lesson.We rented our ski suits, boots ad skis, and went outside onto the snow.Wearing skis for the first time makes you feel very strange.Suddenly you find you cannot even walk.Our instructor took us onto a gentle slope, and showed us some basic skills.In order to do up a hill, you have to stand sideways, and go up step by step.You must point the tips of your skis together so that you can stop.However, the tips must not cross, or you will fall.You should not ski alone in case you fall and get injured.To be honest, that first lesson was not a great success, and I kept falling down!

However, the next day I definitely improved.I only fell over a few times, and I managed to do a few longer runs.I felt pleased with myself, and the instructor congratulated me, so I felt great.Although it was very cold, I spent most of that holiday skiing.It was the most wonderful time of my life.Nevertheless, it was all over too soon.Now I have decided to work part-time this summer, so I can earn enough money for another super skiing holiday.More reading Faster, Higher, Stronger

The Olympic Games have a long history.The first modern Games were held in Athens, Greece in 1896.Every four years, athletics from all over the world compete in various sports at the Games.The largest group participates in athletics.‘Athletics’ refers to sports in four areas: track, field, road and combined events.Track events, such as running and hurdling, test a person’s speed.In order to win a track event, a person needs to go faster than everyone else.Field events, however, test how high or far someone can jump in events such as the long jump or high jump.They also test how far someone can throw in events such as the shot-put, discus or javelin.The marathon and race walks are road events.They test endurance.In combined events, athletes are required to compete in a series of competition from each category.The most famous combined event is the decathlon.The decathlon involves ten different athletics events that take place over two days.Since the decathlon involves ten different athletics events that take place over two days.Since the decathlon tests all-around physical ability, the winner of the decathlon is often called ‘the world‘s greatest athlete.’ Although all Olympic sports are equal in importance, athletics is, in many ways, the best picture of the Olympic motto ‘Faster, Higher, Stronger”.The desire of humanity to do better---to run faster, to soar higher and to push farther---is what the Olympics are all about.Chapter 2

Reading Tutorial centres

Helpful

I have been studying at a tutorial centre for two years.The fees are very reasonable, and my command of English has improved greatly since I started.My tutors are all qualified teachers.They are sincere and kind.I have been helped a lot by them.One of my teachers was British.At first, I could not say anything to her.However, later I learnt how to communicate in English with a westerner.I think that the tutorial centre has given me a lot of confidence in using English.I go to sleep

I have been attending a tutorial centre for two months.I have been forced to attend by my parents, but I do not think it is useful for me.I am always very tired after school.Sometimes I even sleep during the classes in the evening.Furthermore, the teachers are very boring.They give us a lot of supplementary exercises but they teach us nothing.I usually read comics during class.Sometimes I go to a video arcade instead.I think tutorial centres are useless Waste of money

I have studied at a tutorial centre for one year.However, I think that I have been cheated.These tutorial centres are only interested in making money, so they accept too many students for each class.However, they do not want to pay for good teachers.My English teacher was a university student who studied physics, not English!

Very often, he could not answer our questions about the use of the language.In my opinion, it is better to spend more time on school work than to waste money at a ‘money-making’ tutorial centre.Good and bad

I have experienced both good and bad tutorial centres.In my first centre, I was in a very big class.My teacher was an Australian.He just talked about his travels.I could learn nothing from him.I left within a month.Then I ask all my friends for their advice.As a result of their recommendations, I enrolled on a course at another centre.The teachers are excellent here and the classes are small.We have been taught many good techniques for developing our language and studying skills.There are both good and bad tutorial centres, so you must do some detective work before you enroll.However, the most important thing is whether you are willing to learn and to work hard.The key factor is yourself.More reading Independent learning Independent learning is one solution for those who want to continue their education, nut have no time for it.It is often described as ‘a class of one’, because you work alone.You study at your own pace, at a time and place convenient for you.These courses can help you get a degree, help your career, or help you learn what interests you.One type of independent learning is the correspondence course, In a correspondence course, a school sends you textbooks, study guides, and materials such as video and audio discs.You communicate with your teacher by mail.Your teacher reads your papers and makes comments, Your marks are recorded by the school before they are mailed back to you.A newer style of independent learning is e-learning.With e-learning, you study using computer software or the Internet.You can learn on your own, or you can enroll on a course.Usually, in an e-learning course, students communicate with their teachers through e-mail.However, some students have been using video recently.This allows the teacher and the students to see and communicate with each other at the same time.Independent learning gives you the freedom to adapt your learning to your lifestyle.However, it requires self-discipline and hard work, so not everyone is successful at it.Those who are successful receive a real sense of achievement and satisfaction.Chapter 3

Reading Fashion

My topic is ‘Fashion’.Fashion is important to almost all of us.By fashion, we usually mean popular trends in styles of dress.When we do out or to a party, we usually like to wear fashionable clothes.To illustrate my talk, I have brought along five objects.My first object is this blouse.It looks beautiful, doesn’t it? It’s my most expensive piece of clothing, and I love it.It cost me $200.It may seem very extravagant, but I could afford it with my own savings.It wasn’t easy for me to earn the money, but when buying clothes, I think the more you spend the better the quality.So you see, fashion is quite important to me.However, I’m not as keen on fashion as my brother Gary.Last summer, he won a free trip to London in a contest.The organizers wanted to show him some famous sights.But he didn’t appreciate old buildings.He just spent all his time searching for the coolest pair of trainers!For him, fashion was more important than culture.These are the trainers he bought.Was it worth a trip to London to buy these? Well, I don’t think so.It was a waste of time and money.Fashion is very big business.Changes in fashion can create or ruin jobs.As an example, I have brought this blonde wig to show you.It belongs to one of my mum’s friends.In the 1960s, these were very fashionable.But a few years later fashions changed, and women wore wigs much less often.Many wig factories closed down, and hundreds of workers lost their jobs, which was terrible!

Fashion can affect the natural world, as well.I’m holding an old hat borrowed from a drama company.It’s made of beaver fur.These hats were very fashionable about 200 years ago.As a result, beavers almost became extinct.Luckily, in the 1850s, these hats went out of style and the beavers were saved.Finally, we should remember the saying,’ never judge a book by its cover.’ Clothes will not make us more or less clever, better or worse, more or less honest.I once saw a movie about Mother Teresa.She spent all her life helping poor people in India, most of whom were dying.In 1979, she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.When she flew to get the award, she wore the same old clothes as usual, and carried all her possessions in a little bag like this, which I bought in a market.This reminds us that fashion is not the most important thing in life.Thank you.More reading Uniform fashion good for young students

School uniforms are not part of the traditional way of life in the USA.In 1987, Cherry Hill Elementary, which is in the Maryland, went against tradition by becoming the first public school in the USA to make students wear uniforms.The school did this to reduce trouble caused by the students’ love of fashion.Since this new programme has proved to be a good way to promote safety and discipline, other schools soon followed.By 2000, 12 pert cent of American public schools required school uniforms.The introduction of school uniforms has helped reduce school violence.Much of school violence is linked to the wearing of gang colours, which are the clothes worn by different youth gangs.In schools with youth gangs, the number of fights decreased by 40 per cent after uniforms wre introduced.Uniforms also send a message that students are at school to study, not to play.They reduce peer pressure and create school pride.These things help raise the academic level of the students.Although school uniforms are popular in some areas, this new tren has met strong resistance from many parents, some of whom angrily complain that uniforms keep students from showing their individuality.A few parents have even gone too curt to stop school uniforms from being introduced.For this reason, it is unlikely that uniforms will ever be adopted nationwade.Chapter 4

Reading The hamburger business

In 1954, an American businessman called Ray Kroc was selling milkshake machines.One small drive-in hamburger stand in California bought not one but eight of these expensive machines.Surprised by this Kroc decided to go and visit it.Arriving before the hamburger stand opened, Kroc sat in his car and watched.A team of young people in uniforms appeared and started cleaning the stand and its car park, making everything neat and tidy.When opened for business, the hamburger stand was immediately filled with customers.The staff were cheerful, fast and polite.The food was excellent.Impressed by the cleanliness, service and food, Kroc looked up at the name over the hamburger stand.It read, ‘McDonald’s Hamburgers’.Although started six years earlier, in 1948, McDonald’s was still a small business owned by two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald.Kroc suggested that they should set up more outlets, but the brothers were happy with their life and did not want to expand further.However, they did allow Kroc to launch other branches of McDonald’s for them.That was the start of the biggest fat-food company in history.In 1955, Kroc opened his first McDonald’s near Chicago, and many more swiftly followed.In 1959, the 100th McDonald’s was opened.In 1961, Kroc took over complete ownership of the business from the brothers by paying them US $2.7 million.By 1972, a new McDonald’s was being opened every day, and by 1974 there were over 3,000 restaurants.McDonald’s came to Hong Kong in 1975, and was introduced into Shenzhen in1990.Two years later, the first McDonald’s in Beijing opened with more than 40,000 customers on its first day.Why has McDonald’s been so successful? Back in 1956, McDonald’s adopted the motto ‘Q.S.C.&V.’ These letters stand for’ Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value’.In all of these areas, McDonald’s pay great attention to detail.For example, after years of planning, McDonald’s established its largest ever restaurant in Moscow in1990.To achieve the right quality, potatoes are imported into Russia, and farmers are taught how to farm them properly, as well as how to harvest and pack them.To achieve good service, McDonald’s has one of the best training programmes in the world.It even has seven Hamburger Universities(one in Hong Kong)where top personnel can learn management and customer service skills.By 2005, McDonald’s had over 30,000 outlets in 119 countries and regions.It sells more than 100 hamburgers every second of the day.While it does not yet have a restaurant on the Moon, no doubt a plan is already being made for one.More reading The rise of chain stores in China

During the last few years, the number of chain stores has greatly increased in big cities in China.Nowadays, within a short walk along a busy street, you are likely to find a chain store of some kind---a fast food restaurant, a bakery or a convenience store.Chain stores have become part of people’s daily lives.They may pop into a BreadTalk to buy a sweet roll for breakfast on their way to work.They may visit a Lianhua Supermarket in the evening to buy some food for dinner,For a birthday, they might celebrate with friends at a Little Sheep Hotpot Restaurant.At the weekend they may go to GoMe Appliances to buy a DVD or MP3 player.Chain stores have become so popular that some people include them as a factor when deciding where to live.Why have chain stores grown so fast in number and influence? Meeting the customers’ needs is the answer.Opened in convenient locations, the stores are usually next door to people’s homes and close to bus stops or underground stations.They offer a wide range of products in a clean, well-lit and relaxing environment.Every store in a chain operates in the same way as the others do.That way, everyone knows what to expect in case they shop there.The prices are reasonable too.It seems that chain stores are a welcome development in China.They are certainly a new force changing people’s way of life.Chapter 5

Reading Virtual reality

Only 50 years ago, computers were bigger than people.Today, people can carry their laptops with them anywhere they go.Soon, we may be able to step inside a computer world thanks to the magic of virtual reality.What is virtual reality, or VR? If something is virtual, then it is created by computer technology and appears as if it were real.Virtual reality is a computer system with a special headset.When you put on the headset, you look at two tiny television screens.They are so close to your eyes that your mind will see the image as one picture, and you will believe that you have entered a different world.In many systems, you also wear a special data glove.With this glove you can reach out and touch things in the artificial world.The first VR games, already sold round the world, enable you to drive a sports car, fly a plane, or fight an enemy.In the future, it may be difficult to distinguish the virtual world of the games from the real world outside.However, VR is not just for entertainment.One day, delighted children will be able to learn geography by observing exciting foreign countries without having to leave their classroom.They will be thrilled to learn history by visiting the pyramids of Egypt, or by hand-feeding friendly dinosaurs.In addition, business will be able to use VR for many tasks.Cars designed using computers can be tested as virtual machines first, before they are manufactures in metal.Architects will be able to make virtual buildings, which they can walk around and inspect before constructing.VR can help us in hundreds of ways.Despite this, concerned critics have warned that there could be dangers in this powerful new medium.Will we have VR games in which people can commit virtual crimes? After people get used to VR, will they want to return to reality? Will we forget how to live and work with real people? On the other hand, some people think that VR will help us improve the world.By experimenting harmlessly inside a VR world, we will be able to see the dangers we may face in the future.Then we will be able to avoid them in real life.No doubt there will be some problems with VR, as there are with all new inventions.However, one thing is for sure: VR is here to stay.Get ready to step into another world!

More reading Wearable technology

Did you know that some technology can be worn?

In fact, wearable technology has been around for some time.The first people to experiment with the idea were managers of sports teams.They wanted to know how athletes could use technology to improve their performance.Special vests, created to monitor an athlete’s body, can measure how fast the heart is beating and how hard the athlete is breathing.Scientists have also developed ‘cooling’ vests to help athletes perform better in difficult conditions, such as hot weather.Furthermore, an American company is currently researching clothes for soldiers to help them run faster, jump higher and lift heavier equipment.Before long, we will have technology in our everyday clothing.A computer hidden in a coat could be operated by a keyboard on one of the sleeves.Electronic sunglasses could show us maps of where we are standing and point us in the direction that we want to go.Our clothes could also monitor our bodies.They could tell us when we need to eat certain foods, take medicine or rest in order to stay healthy.There is only one problem with clothes like these: They may be difficult to wash.Electricity and water do not mix!You could remove the electronic parts before washing, but putting them back in again could take hours.Designers are now building small wires into the fabric of the clothing to solve this problem.These clothes could appear in shops any day now.Soon, we could all be wearing electronic clothes.Chapter 6

Reading Transforming Mars

Ever since the beginning of history, people have dreamt of interplanetary travel.For centuries, these dreams have always remained dreams.However, scientists now want to make these dreams come true.They are planning to transform Mars so that humans can live there.Within 30 years, the first people will land on Mars and, by the year 2185, we will have established cities.In many ways, Mars is the planet most similar to Earth.A Martian day lasts about 24 1/2 hours(although a year has 687 days).While there is no water, there is a lot of ice in the two polar ice caps.The average temperature is-60℃.The plan involves changing Mars so that it becomes more like Earth.This means using the ‘greenhouse effect’(which we are trying to stop on Earth).The suggested programme would have five main stages.Stage 1(AD 2030-2045).The first expedition arrives on Mars, after a journey by spacecraft of about six months.The members construct underground buildings, conduct experiments, look for good sites for future landings, and also check for signs of life.They can survive only as long as they wear spacesuits, because 95 per cent of the atmosphere is carbon dioxide.Nonetheless, the low gravity(one-third of Earth’s)means they can move around easily.Stage 2(AD 2045-2095)

More expeditions arrive.Huge mirrors are put in orbit round Mars to heat the polar ice caps.The ice caps are sprayed black, so that they do not reflect the heat away.Chemicals are released into the air.As a result, the atmosphere becomes thicker and retains more of the Sun’s heat.If the greenhouse effect can be started, the ice caps will melt, releasing water vapour, and the temperature will rise to-40℃.Stage 3(AD 2095-2130)Next, plants are introduced from Earth.If these plants can survive on Mars, carbon dioxide can be converted into oxygen.The first clouds appear, and the sky slowly turns from pink to blue.The temperature goes to-15℃.Stage 4(AD 2130-2145)

The warming continues, melting more ice.Rivers and small oceans are made.More people migrate from Earth and construct towns.Forests of trees are planted.Mars is looking greener.The temperature is 0℃.Stage 5(AD 2145-2185)

Mars is getting more like Earth.The amount of oxygen in the air rises, and the air becomes breathable.The inhabitants can go outside without spacesuits.The temperature reaches 10℃.(Since Mars is 228 million kilometers from the Sun, it can never be as warm as Earth)Cities, farms and industries are built all over Mars.The transformation is complete.More reading Chinese manned space flights