初二英语知识归纳总结

2024-10-14

初二英语知识归纳总结(共6篇)

1.初二英语知识归纳总结 篇一

现在进行时 表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now,listen,look等词连用,结构是主语+be动词(am,is,are)+动词ing。

如:It is raining now。外面正在下雨。

Look!The children are having a running race now。

看!孩子们正在赛跑。

问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not。

2 一般现在时 表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often,usually,sometimes,always,every day(week year…)on Sundays等词连用。

如:We have an English lesson every day。

我们每天都要上英语课。

Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do。

男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的。

问句借助于do,does否定句借助于don’t,doesn’t,后面动词一定要还原。

3 一般过去时 表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now,a moment ago,… ago,yesterday,last(week,month,year,Monday,weekend),this morning等词连用。

结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was,were)或主语+动词的过去式。

注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。

如:My earphones were on the ground just now。

我的耳机刚刚还在呢。

Where were you last week? I was at a camp。

你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了。

What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm。

你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。

问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;

否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。

4 一般将来时 表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow,next week(year,Tuesday…),this week(weekend,evening,afternoon,…)today等词连用。结构是主语+be(am,is,are)going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。

如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic。

你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。

The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week。

孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。

Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening。

Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。

问句将be动词或will移前;

否定句在be动词或will后加not。

5 情态动词 can,can’t,should,shouldn’t,must,may后一定加动词原形。

如:The girl can’t swim, but he can skate。

女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰。

Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully。

不要再课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲。

6 祈使句 肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;

否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。

如:Open the box for me,please。

请为我打开盒子。

Liu Tao!Please get up earlier tomorrow。

刘涛,明天请早点起床!Don’t walk on the grass!不要在草地上走!Helen!Don’t climb the tree,please。

海伦!不要爬树。

7 go的用法 去干嘛用go +动词ing 如: go swimming;

go fishing;

go skating;

go camping;

8 比较 than 前用比较级;

as…as之间用原级。

如:My mother is two years younger than my father。

我妈比我爸年轻两岁。

Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben。

刘涛跳得和本一样远。

9 喜欢做某事 用like +动词ing或like+ to + 动原。

如:

Su Yang likes growing flowers。

苏阳喜欢种花。

The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival。

孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。

10 想要做某事 用 would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。

例:I’d like to visit the History Museum。=I want to visit the History Museum。

11 some 用于肯定句中,在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用。

如:Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?  12 代词 人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。

宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后。

如:Open them for me.Let us …, join me等。

宾格分别是me, you, him, her, it ,us, you, them。

形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是my ,your, his, her, its, our, your, their。

名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours ,theirs。

13 介词 介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词ing形式。

如:be good at running;

14 时间介词 季节前,月份前用介词in。

如:in summer;

in March。

具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on。

如:on Saturday;on the second of April;

on Wednesday morning。

在几点钟前用介词at。

如:

at a quarter to four;

只在上下午晚上用in。

如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;

但在夜间用at night。

另:季节,月份和星期前不好加the。

15 名词复数构成的方法 有规则的有:

(1)直接在名词后加s;

如orange—oranges;photo—photos;

(2)以x, s, sh, ch 结尾的加es;

如:box—boxes;glass—glasses;waitress—waitresses;watch—watches;peach--peaches;

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es;

如:study—studies;

library—libraries;hobby—hobbies;family—families;(4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v+es如:knife—knives;thief—thieves(注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其余加s,)。

不规则的有:

man—men;woman—women;people—people;child—children。

16 动词第三人称单数的构成 1、直接在动词后加s;

如:run—runs;dance—dances;

2、以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es;

如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches;

3、以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es。

如:study—studies;carry—carries。

17 现在分词的构成 1、直接在动词后加ing;

如:sing—singing;ski—skiing;2、双写词尾加ing;

如:swim—swimming;run—running;3、以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing;

如:ride—riding;dance—dancing;make—making。

18 规则动词过去式的构成 有规则的有:

(1)直接在动词后加ed;

如:clean—cleaned;milk—milked;play—played;(2)以e结尾的直接加d;

如:dance—danced;taste—tasted;(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed;

如:study—studied;carry—carried;(4)双写词尾加ed。

如:stop—stopped;jog—jogged。

不规则的有:

am, is—was;are—were;do, does—did;have,has—had;go—went;meet—met;sit—sat;see—saw;get—got;tell—told;run—ran;come—came;steal—stole;read—read。

19 形容词副词比较级的构成 有规则的有:

(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er;

如;

small—smaller;low—lower;(2)以e结尾的加r;

如:late—larer;(3)双写词尾加er;

如:big—bigger;thin—thinner;fat—fatter;(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er。

如:heavy—heavier;early—earlier。

不规则的有:

good, well—better(最高级为best);many, much---more(最高级为most);far---farther。

20 rain与snow的用法 1、作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词。

如:There is a lot of rain there in spring.那儿的春天有很多雨水。

2、作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是:

动词原形rain,snow;

第三人称单数rains,snows;

现在分词raining;

snowing 过去式rained;

snowed;如:①Look!It is raining now。瞧!天正在下雨。

②It often rains in Nantong in summer。南通夏天经常下雨。

③ It rained yesterday。昨天下了雨。

④It is going to rain tomorrow。明天要下雨。

3、形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的。

如:It is often rainy here in spring。这儿的春天经常是有雨的。

If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home。如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。

21 比较级 注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。

如:My eyes are bigger than hers。

Your school bag is heavier than mine。

My computer is nicer than Nancy’s。

My brother is stronger than me。

22 have, has 表示某人有(has用于第三人称单数);

There is/ are;There was/ were 表示某地存在有 注意There be 句型的就近原则 单数或不可数用there is /was;复数用there are/ were。

23 本身就是复数的词 眼镜glasses;耳机earphones;鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数。

如:My glasses were on the chair just now。

但如果表示这双,这副,一双的时候用单数。

如:There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate。

This pair of earphones is for you。

24 五个元音字母 分别是Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu。

25 一个的用法 a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前;

an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。

如:There is an ’s’, a ‘t’, a ‘u’, a ‘d’ ,an ‘e’, an ‘n’,and a ‘t’ in the word ‘student’。

26 时间表示法 有两种:

1、直接读时钟和分钟。

如:6:10读成 six ten;7:30读成seven thirty;8:45读成eight forty-five。

2、用to与past表示。

在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点;

如:6:10读成ten past six;7:30读成half past seven;过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分。

如:7:45读成a quarter to eight;9:50读成ten to ten。

27 基数词变序数词的方法 基变序有规律,结尾加上th;一二三特殊例,结尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);八去t,九去e,ve要用f替(即eigh—eighth;nine—ninth;five--fifth;twelve—twelfth);

ty改y为ie后加th别忘记(即整十数如twenty—twentieth;

forty—fortieth);几十几十位为基个位为序(如第二十一为twenty-first)。

另外强调序数词前一定要加the。

28 日期的表示法 用the+序数词+ of +月 如:三月三日 the third of March;12月25日 the 25th of December。

29 both,all both 表示两者都。

如:My parents are both teachers。

all 表示三者以上都。

如:The students are all very excited。

30 节日的表示法 有day的节日前用on;

没有day的节日前用at。

如:at Christmas;on Christmas Day;at New Year;on New Year’s Day。

31比较 两者比较用比较级,三者以上比较用最高级。

如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does。

谁跑得更快,男孩还是女孩?男孩。

Which season do you like best? I like autumn best。

你最喜欢哪个季节?我最喜欢秋天。

Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better。

你更喜欢哪个季节,夏天还是冬天?我更喜欢冬天。

32 动词还原的用法 前面用了do, does did, don’t, doesn’t didn’t后面动词要还原。

如:Did she watch TV last night? Helen doesn’t like taking photos。

33 到了 到达用get to。

但注意到家,到这儿,到那儿不可以加to。

如:get home;get here;get there, 另外go home;come here;go there也一样。

34 长着和穿着 长着什么用with;

如:the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;

穿着什么用in。

如:the man in black穿黑衣服的男人;

或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女。

35 让某人做某事 用let sb后加动词原形。

如:Let’s water the flowers together。

是该做…的时候了用It’s time for+名词或It’s time to +动原。

帮助某人做某事是help sb with sth 如:帮我学英语是 help me with my English。

36 树上 外来的东西在树上用in the tree;

如:the bird in the tree;树上长的用on the tree。

如:the apples on the tree。

37运动和乐器 球类之前不加the;乐器之前必须加the。

如:play the piano;play football。

38 Sunday,January 一周中的第一天是Sunday;一年中的第一个月是January。

39 get后加比较级 表示变得更怎么样。

如:get stronger;get longer。

40、比较级+and+比较级 表示越来越…….如:Spring is coming, and the weather is becoming warmer and warmer.

2.初二英语知识归纳总结 篇二

单词识记:

1. airplane n. 飞机

2. terrify v. 使害怕,使恐惧; adj. terrified; be terrified of sb. / sth. 对某人/某事感到恐惧或害怕

3. on adj. 开着的,接通的,工作着的; be on 在进行中; on duty 在值日; on business 在出差; on the wall 在墙上

4. insect n. 昆虫

5. candy n. 糖果pl: candies; sweet糖; 糖块; sugar 糖

6. chew v. 嚼,咀嚼; (从容审慎地)细想某事物

7. gum n. 口香糖

8. chat v. 聊天; 闲谈; chat with sb. 和某人聊天; chat sb. up 和某人亲切地交谈

9. daily adj. 每日的;近义词:everyday; daily life 日常生活

10. comic n. 连环; 漫画; 连环图画

11. death n. 死;死亡; die v. 死; dead adj. 死的

12. patient adj. 有耐心的,忍耐的 n. 耐心,毅力, 恒心;病人

13. decision n. 决定; make a decision 作决定; v. decide决定

14. attention n. 注意,当心,留心; pay attention to 对……注意,留心

短语小结:

1. used to +v. 过去常常,以前常常;be / getused to doing sth. 习惯于做某

2. be / become

interested in sth. / doing sth. 对……感兴趣

3. be on the swimming team 是游泳队的队员

4. be sure to do sth. 一定做……; be sure of sth. 确信某事

5. be terrified of sth. 害怕……,恐惧……,相当于be afraid of sth.

6. worry about 担心,焦急……,相当于beworried about ... 担心某人或某事

7. all the time 一直,始终

8. chew gum 嚼口香糖; chew over 熟思,细想

9. spend time / money on sth. / (in) doing sth. 花时间或金钱做某事

10. hardly ever 几乎从不

11. get into trouble 遇到麻烦; 陷于困境

12. to ones surprise 令人吃惊的是; in surprise 惊奇地; be surprised at sth. 对……感到惊讶

13. no longer 不再; not ... any longer 不再

14. take pride in 为……感到骄傲

15. give up 放弃

16. change ones mind 改变主意句子精讲:

1. — Mario, you used to be short, didnt you? 玛丽奥, 你 过 去 长 得 不 高,是 吗?

— Yes, I did.是的。

【精讲】 1) 对话的问句是一个反意疑问句,由陈述句you used to be short和简略问句didnt you?构成,用来让被询问者作答,以证实反意疑问句中陈述句部分所陈述的事件是否真实。

2) 反意疑问句的简略问句在人称、数和时态方面要和其前的陈述句保持一致,并要“前肯后否”、“前否后肯”。

3) 对“前否后肯”型反意疑问句作答,要用yes 表示“不”,用no表示“是的”。

【真题再现】

I hear the boy sitting under the tree is your new neighbor. He is from Canada, ______?

A. has he B. isnt he?

C. does he? D. hasnt he

2. Dont you remember me? 你不记得我了吗?

【精讲】 这是一个否定疑问句,否定疑问句用来让被询问者作答从而证实询问者所询问的问题是否真实,否定疑问句在意思上相当于一个“前否后肯”的反意疑问句。对否定疑问句作答时,要用yes 表示“不”,用no表示“是的”。

3. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我亮着卧室灯睡觉。

【精讲】1) 句中的 with my bedroom light on表示“我睡觉”时伴随的情况。

2) 若一个句子的主语是单数名词或代词,后面跟有with, but, except, as well as 等连接的短语,这些短语只是表示主语伴随的情况,谓语动词使用单数形式。

4. My biggest problem is that Im too busy. 我最大的问题是我太忙。

It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot.看起来余梅变化很大。

【精讲】1) 上述两个句子都是表语从句,that是引导词。be, look, feel, seem, get, become等连系动词之后所接的句子充当表语,称为表语从句。

2) 动词seem意为“好像;似乎;看起来”,通常有三种用法:

①seem+adj.。例如:

You seem much better today. 你今天看上去好多了。

②seem+不定式。例如:

He seemed to laugh at us. 他好像在笑我们。

③seem+从句。例如:

It seems as if it is going to rain. 看来快下雨了。

5. Martin is a fifteen-year-old boy. 马丁是一个15岁大的男孩。

【精讲】 句中的fifteen-year-old是由数词、名词、形容词共同构成的合成形容词。合成形容词各词之间要有连字符,且其中的名词要用单数形式。

6. His mother looked after him as well as she could. 他的妈妈尽可能好地照看着他。

【精讲】句中的 as well as she could译为“尽她所能好地”, “as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + 人称代词 + can / could ” 结构表示方式,意为“尽某人所能地……”。

7. I have been afraid of being alone, and have tried to make my mother pay more attentionto me. 我害怕孤独,尽力让我妈妈更多地注意我。

【精讲】1) let, make, have是初中英语中最常见的使役动词,它们都有“使……;让……”的意思。

2) 在主动句中,使役动词之后接省略 to的动词不定式(即动词原形);但在被动句中,使役动词之后接动词不定式。

3) 使役动词之后也可接形容词,充当宾语补足语。

8. Its very important for parents to be there for their children. 对于家长来说到那里(学校)去是非常重要的,

【精讲】 1) 句子中的It是形式主语,真正的主语是to be there for their children,用it作形式主语的目的是为了避免太长的句子主语使整个句子显得头重脚轻。

2) Its + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 句式的意思为“对某人来说做某事是太……”。

语法在线:

1. used to do sth. 的用法。

2. 反意疑问句。

3. be afraid的用法。

能力迁移:

1. 学会表示“过去常常做某事”的用法,并运用used to do sth.的这种形式描述过去的动作或状态,看到所发生的变化和进步的足迹。

3.初二英语知识归纳总结 篇三

重点单词识记

1.towel n.手巾;毛巾 beach towel 沙滩毛巾 tower n.塔 Eiffel tower 埃菲尔铁塔

2.water n.水;v.浇灌;浇水;water the plants 给植物浇水

3.wood n.木头,木材;chop wood 砍柴;a piece of wood 一块木头;woods n.森林;wooden adj.木制的,木头的

4.light v.点燃,点着;过去式、过去分词:lighted, lighted 或 lit, lit; light the fire 点火

5.well n 水井,井;adj.身体好的;adv.好,对,令人满意地; 6.farm n.农场;农庄;on the farm 在农场;v.耕田,耕作,饲养家畜;n.farmer 农民,农场主

7.hit n.成功而轰动一时的事物;打击;碰撞; v.打击;碰撞

8.appear v.出现,露面,(公开)演出;n.appearance 出现,外表;v.disappear v.消失,看不见

9.poem n.诗,韵文;n.诗人 write a poem 写诗

10.turn n.(依次轮流到的)一次机会;take turns 依次,轮流;It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做……;v.转向,翻转;turn back to… 转向……turn in 上交,上缴;turn on 打开;turn off 关掉;turn up 调大,调高;turn down 调小,调低

11.government n 政府

12.southern adj.南方的;在南方的;south n.南,南部 13.villager n.村民;乡村居民;n.village 村庄,农村

14.strongly adv.坚定地,坚决地;adj.strong 强大的,强壮的,坚固的 15.purpose n 目的;意图 16.step n 步;脚步;步骤 重点短语小结 1.bathing suit 游泳衣,泳装 2.a travel guidebook 一本旅游手册 3.a street map 一幅街道地图

4.clean out 清除;把……打扫干净 clean out the refrigerator 5.in a minute 立刻,马上 6.take the dog for a walk 遛狗

7.chat to sb.去找某人聊天chat with sb.和某人聊天 8.be off 离开,走开

9.some day =(someday)来日;将来某一日;有朝一日 10.so far 到目前为止

11.get back to sb.(口语)过一会再与某人通话(尤用于打电话)12.thanks to 幸亏;由于;因为

13.look forward to + n./ doing sth盼望;期待 14.write original songs 写原创歌曲

15.make a music video(CD, record)制作音乐唱片 make a hit CD 发行了一张轰动一时的成功CD have a number one hit 取得第一名

16.win an award 获奖 win a prize 17.have a concert 举行音乐会 18.on the music scene 在音乐舞台上

19.go on a world tour 进行一次世界性的巡回演出/ 访问 20.in the top ten 在前十名

21.Good luck to sb 祝某人好运 good luck with sth 祝对方在某方面好运

22.overseas Chinese 海外华侨 23.in search of 追寻,寻找 search the internet , search on the internet 在网上搜寻

24.learn more about 更多的了解

4.初二英语知识归纳总结 篇四

Unit1 Topic1 Welcome to China!1.三种自我介绍の方式: I am +姓名 I’m +姓名 My name is +姓名 2.问候语:

(1)Good morning.早上好.Good afternoon.下午好.Good evening.晚上好.Good night.晚安.(2)Hi/Hello!你好。

(用于非正式场合。)(3)Nice to meet you.很高兴见到你。

回答用Nice to meet you, too.我也很高兴见到你。(用于第一次见面)(4)Nice to see you.很高兴见到你。

回答用Nice to see you, too.我也很高兴见到你。(用于熟人之间の见面)(5)How do you do ?你好。

回答也用: How do you do?(用于初次见面,正式场合)(6)How are you ? 你好吗?

回答:Fine,thanks.谢谢,我很好。(用于熟人之间询问对方身体健康状况。)也可以回答:Fine./I’m fine./I’m OK.3.welcome to+地点

欢迎来到某地 4.Are you…? 你是...吗?

肯定回答:Yes, I am.是の,我是。(I am不能缩写为I’m)否定回答:No, I’m not.不,我不是。5.This is ….这是...(对第三方の介绍)、6.Mr.先生(在学校内指男老师)

Mrs.夫人(已婚女士)

Miss女士,小姐(未婚,在学校内指女老师)

Ms.女士(不清楚婚否)这几个词不能单独使用,后面必须加姓氏.7.再见の几种表达方式: Goodbye或Bye或Bye-bye。

还有几种再见の说法: See you later.一会儿见.See you.再见。8.be动词am is are の用法: I(我)用am,you(你)用are,is连着he(他)she(她)it(它),单数用is,复数用are.Unit1 Topic 2 Where are you from?

1.Excuse me 对不起,原谅,请问,打搅

2.be from…= come from…来自 ……,是

…… 人

3.name card 名片

4.telephone number /phone number 电话号码 5.Thank you very much.非常感谢

6.That’s OK.不用谢 7.family name 姓

given name

名 一.重点词组

fpg

fpg 二.重点句型

1.---Excuse me, are you Jane ? 对不起,请问你是简吗?

---Yes ,I am.是の,我是。

Excuse me.当打扰别人,麻烦别人,打断某人说话,问路,请教某人,唤起某人注意等时所说の致歉礼貌用语,先说excuse me ,再说出麻烦或请教の句子。2.---What’s your name ? 你叫什么名字?

---My name is Maria.= I am Maria.我叫玛丽安。

---What’s his name ? 他叫什么名字?

---His name is Kangkang.= He is Kangkang.他叫康康。

---What’s her name ? 她叫什么名字

---Her name is Jane.=She is Jane.她叫简。

3.---Where are you from ? 你来自哪里?---I’m from Canada.我来自加拿大。

以 where 开头の特殊疑问句,是对地点提问,其答语通常是含有一个地点の词或词组。如:---Where is she/he from ? 她/他来自哪里?---She/He is from England.她/他来自英格兰。---Where are they from ? 他们来自哪里?

---They are from Japan.他们来自日本。

句中所含の词组 be from……,它の近义词组是 come from…,如:I am from China.= I come from China.我来自中国。

4.-What’s your /his /her telephone number ? 你/他/她の电话号码是多少?

---It’s….它是……。

---My telephone number is….5.Who are they?

他们是谁? 三.语法学习

系动词 be の用法,系动词 be 有 am ,is, are, 三种形式,在使用时,要根据句子主语来选用相应の系动词。其用法口诀是:

我是am,你是are;is 跟着他,他,它。要问复数用什么,全部都用 are。主语为不可数名词时,动词用 is。

(一)be 动词用于肯定句中

当动词be 在肯定句中,常放在主语后。如:

I am from Canada.我来自加拿大。

He is Mike.他是迈克。

(二)be 动词用于否定句中

be 动词用于否定句中时,常在其后加not, 也可以用其缩写形式n’t。如:

I am not=I’m not.is not = isn’t

are not =aren’t

I’m not from Canada.我不是来自加拿大。

She isn’t Maria.她不是玛丽安。

(三)be动词用于一般疑问句中及其简略答语中の位置

在一般问句中,动词be 位于句首,句末读升调,其答语常用yes或no;其简略回答为肯定回答时,动词be 不能用缩写形式。如:---Is he /she from ? 他/她 来自日本?

---Yes, he is.是,他/她 是。---No, he isn’t.不,他/她不是。---Are they from England ?

---Yes , they are.是,他们是。---No, they aren’t.不,他们不是。

(四)be 动词用于特殊疑问句中

动词be在疑问句中时,应该把它放在主语之前,如果是特殊疑问句,句首还 有特殊疑问词。如:Is he Li Ming ? 你是李明吗?

Where are you from ? 你来自哪里?

(五)缩写形式:not----n’t

is not = isn’t

are not =aren’t

fpg

fpg

is-----’s

what is=what’s he is=he’s it’s =it is that’s =that is name is = name’s

are----’re

they are=they’re

we are=we’re

you are = you’re

一.重点词组

1.ID number

身份证号码

2.in Class…

在……班 3.English name

英文名字

4.in English

用英语

5.…years old …… 岁

6.in …Junior High School 在…… 中学 7.in the same school 在同一班级

8.good friends

好朋友 9.an apple /orange / eraser/English book /egg 一个苹果/橘子/橡皮擦/一本英语书

10.five boxes 五个箱子 11.Let me help you.让我来帮你。12.try again

在试一次 二.重点句型

1.How old are you ? 你多大了? how old 意思是 “多大,几岁” ,用与询问对方の年龄。西方人一般不喜欢别人询问自己の年龄,特别是年长の人,他们认为询问他们の年龄是不礼貌の。如果在某种必要の场合,确实要问,可以委婉地说:How old are you ? 请告诉我你の年龄好吗?

How old is he /she ? 他/她几岁了?

How old are they ? 他们几岁了? 2.I’m five.= I’m five years old.我五岁了。

He /She is thirteen = He /She is thirteen years old.他/她十三岁了。They are fourteen.= They are fourteen years old.他们十四岁了。3.What class are you in ? 你在哪个班级?

What grade is he /she in ? 他/她在哪个年级? 4.I’m in Class Four , Grade Seven.我在七年级四班。

英国英语表达时通常班级在前,年级在后。如:Class 2, Grade 7.名词の第一个字母要大写,数词也可以用阿拉伯数字,如果用英文书写,第一个字母也要大写。如:

Grade 7= Grade Seven。5.Who’s that ? 那位是谁?

当有人问你面前の那个人是谁时,通常用这句话。离自己比较近时用this,比较远时用that,回答通常用This is…,That’s …。

6.What’s this/that in English ? 这/那个用英语怎么说?是特殊疑问句,what为特殊疑问词放句首,要求对方作完整回答,回答时用it 代替this 或that。一般用It’s a/an….来回答。

如:—What’s this/that in English ? 这/那个用英语怎么说?

—It’s a pencil.它是支铅笔。

in English ChineseJapanese用英语汉语 用日语

7.How do you spell it ? E—R—A—S—E—R,eraser.怎么拼写它呢?

E—R—A—S—E—R,橡皮。这是一个含实义动词の特殊疑问句,回答不能用yes和no来回答。Can you spell it?你会拼写它吗?—Yes, E—R—A—S—E—R,eraser.8.It’s a car.它是一辆汽车

It’s an orange.它是一个橘子

a, an 是不定冠词,意为“一个(件,张……),名词前用a 还是an,不以单词の开头字母是元音字母还是辅音字母来决定,而是以开头字母の音素来决定。a用在以辅音音素开头の词前,an 用fpg Unit1 Topic 3 How old are you?

fpg 在以元音音素开头の词前。如:

an apple / an orange / an erase /an egg 一个苹果/橘子/一块橡皮擦/鸡蛋

an English book一本英语书

an old bag一个旧书包

a pen/pencil 一支钢笔/铅笔

a car一辆小汽车 9.---Is this/ that a cake ? 这是/那是一块蛋糕吗?

---Yes, it is.是,它是。

No, it isn’t.不,它不是。

---Are these /those cars ? 这些/那些是小汽车吗?

---Yes, they are.是の,他们是。

No, they aren’t.不,他们不是。

句子中のthis, that, these, those 这四个词称作“指示代词”,用于指代人或物。This与that 相对,these与those 相对,this の复数形式为these, that の复数形式为those, 并且在做肯定或否定回答时,用it 来代替this 或that,用they 来代替these 或 those。10.---What are these /those in English ?

这些/那些用英语怎么说?---They ‘re oranges.他们是橘子。

三,语法学习

在英语中,名词按其所表示の事物性质分为可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如:an egg, two eggs , a pen., three pens.。不可数名词一般没有复数形式。如 water, some water。

可数名词复数规则变化:

1.一般在词尾加-s.book—books pen---pens

cake---cakes 2.以 s, x, ch, sh 等结尾の名词加es。

bus---buses

box---boxes

class—classes 3.以辅音字母+y结尾の词,变y为i, 再加—es。family—families 4以f(fe)结尾の词,f(fe)变为 ves。knife---knives 4.特殊单词:manwomen mousefeet Chinese-Chinese 需要注意の是,名词复数是在其后加-s(es), 而其他词(如代词等)の复数则是根据意义而变化。如:

this(这个)---these(这些)

that(那个)---those(那些)

I(我)---we(我们)

my(我の)

---our(我们)he/she/it(他/她/它)--they(他们)

his/her/its(他の/她の/它の)--their(他们)

is/am---are 如果我们要把单数句子变成复数句子时,不仅要把名词变成复数形式,而且还应该把单数意义の词变为复数意义の词。如:

5.初二英语知识归纳总结 篇五

be good to 对….友好 add up 合计 another time 改时间

get sth done 使…被做 calm down 镇定下来 have got to 不得不 walk the dog 遛狗 make a list of 列出 hide away 躲藏;隐藏 be concerned about 关心;挂念 share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 go through 经历;仔细检查 set down 放下;记下 a series of 一系列;一套 be crazy about 对…着迷 on purpose 故意 in order to/ so as to 为了

face to face 面对面地 get along with 与…相处

pack up 收拾,打理行装

according to 按照;根据…所说

have trouble with sb/sth 同某人闹意见;做…有困难

communicate with sb 和…交际

throw away the friendship 放弃/终止友谊 try out 试验;试用 join in 参加(活动)far and wide 到处 look to sth 注意,留心某事 fall in love 相爱

ignorant of 无知的 cheat sb(out)of sth 骗取某人某物

have the/a habit of doing sth 有做…的习惯 句子归纳:

1.I wonder if… 我想知道是否….2.It’s because… 这是因为….此从句中because不能用since或as 代替 3.What do you think a good friend should be like? 你认为一个好朋友应该是什么样的呢?

4.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.=While you were walking the dog, …在遛狗时,你不小心让狗挣脱了绳子,结果狗被车撞了。(当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时,可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。)

5.Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗?

6.I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我已经很久不能去户外,所以我变得对自然界的所有东西都很感兴趣。

7.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song

of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我记得非常清楚,曾有一段时间,湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花,从未使我心醉神迷过。

8.It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。

9.I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.如果您给我提些建议,我会非常感谢的。(I would be grateful if… 委婉客气提出请求)10.It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary.记日记对你来说是个好习惯。11.She found it difficult to settle and… 她发现很难解决的….12.This series of readers is very interesting.这一类的读者是很有趣的。13.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。新课标必修1 Unit2 重点词组:

in…ways 在…方面 such as 例如 believe it or not 信不信由你 come up with 提出 come up to a place 参观某地 ever before 从前 even if/ though 即使 at the end of 在…末期 be based on 在...基础上 close to 距离…近change…into 把…变成 in the early days 在早期 take…with…随身携带 the same…as 与…相同的 at present 目前 be absent from 缺席 be present at 在席;出席 carry out a rule 执行规则 be a native of 是…人 at sb’s request 应某人的要求 have a command of掌握 make a request 请求 request that …(should)+v原形

in one direction 朝一个方向

because of 因为;由于 give commands 命令 be different from 与…不同

in the 1600’s = in the 1600s

as we know 正如我们所知 as a rule 通常;照例

be native to 是…的土产动物/植物

an international language 一门国际语言 an international organization 一个国际组织

play a role/ part(in)在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色;参与 play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用

come up(vi)走进;上来;发生;被讨论 make(good/ full)use of(好好/充分)利用 from one place to another 从一处到另一处

present sth to sb / present sb with sth 给某人提供某物 句子归纳:

1.However, they may not be able to understand everything.(然而,他们可能不是什么都懂。)

2.This is because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.(这是因为英国于1765年到1947年统治过印度。)3.All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.(当不同文化互相沟通时,所有的语言都会发生变化。)4.What the British call “petrol” the Americans call “gas”.(美国人把被英国人称作“petrol”的东西称作“gas”。此处what引导宾语从句)5.Actually, it was based more on German than present day English.(实际上,当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的,而现代英语不是。)6.…those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.…那些报道新闻的人会说一口流利的英语。

7.The US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.(in which= where, 其引导定语从句。美国是一个大国,国内说着许许多多的方言。)8.…there is more than one kind of English in the world.(more than one+单数可数名词,作主语时,谓语用单数)

9.It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as well as a native English speaker.(对于一个中国人来说把英语说得跟以英语为母语的人一样好是不容易的。)句型:It is + adj/n+ for sb to do sth 对于某人来说做某事是… 扩充:It is + adj+ of /for sb to do sth 当句式中形容词修饰to do sth 时用for;若形容词修饰sb,则用of.eg: It’s kind of you to help me carry the box.附:

1.either…or…和neither…nor…连接两个名词作主语,谓语动词采取就近原

则。

2.be different in 强调在某方面的不同

be different from 强调在各方面的不同 3.in the end 最后,最终 后无of 结构 三个表示最后最终的用法:

⑴finally: 按照顺序的最后,常与first, secondly 等连用 ⑵at last: 经过长时间等待直到最后

⑶in the end: 经过长期曲折斗争努力,终于… 如:战争等

4.与人交谈,常会有听不清楚或听不懂的情形,遇到这种情况该如何开口呢? ⑴Pardon? ⑵I beg your pardon? I don’t understand./ Sorry, I can’t follow you.对不起,我没听懂,请再说一遍好吗?

⑶Could you say that again, please? / Could you repeat that, please? 请再说一遍好吗?

⑷Could you speak more slowly, please? 请你说得慢一点好吗? 5.include ─ including;included identity ─ identify actually ─ actual(adj);apidly ─ rapid(v)

government(n)─ govern(v)wide(adj)─ widen(v);broad(adj)─ broaden(v)foreign ─ foreigner;solve(v)─ solution(n)

6.petrol------gas;lift------elevator;flat------apartment film------movie;sweets----candy;post------mail

新课标必修1 Unit3 Travel Journal 重点词组:

one-way fare 单程票 round-trip fare 往返票 graduate from 从…毕业 care about 忧虑,关心 care for喜欢,照顾 care to do愿意/同意做某事give in(vt)上交 give in(to)投降;屈服;让步 give up 放弃

give up doing/sth as usual 像往常一样 at midnight 午夜

at an altitude of 在…海拔上 attitude to/ toward(s)对…态度 change one’s mind 改变主意 to my mind = in my opinion make camp 野营,宿营 make up one’s mind to do 决心干某事 put up one’s tents 搭起帐篷 sth be familiar to sb某事为某人所熟悉

dream of/ about doing sth 梦想做某事 go for long bike rides 做长途自行车旅行

persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth= persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事 determine to do sth(动作)/ be determined to do sth(心理)决心干某事 get sb interested in 使某人对..感兴趣 insist on(one’s)sth/ doing sth 一定要;坚持要

the best way of doing sth/ the best way to do sth 干某事的最好办法 sb be familiar with sth某人熟悉某事

can’t wait/ can hardly wait to do sth 迫不及待想干某事

for one thing… for another(用来引出某事的理由)一则… 二则… take one’s breath away 使某人大吃一惊 句子归纳:

1.It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River.强调句基本句型:it is/ was….that….其中指人时可用who(主),whom(宾)。2.Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that we(should)find the source of the river.insist that….(should)+ v原形 坚持要;坚持要求 insist that….陈述语气 坚持说;坚持认为

3.Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles?(metaphor)4.To climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hills was great fun.5.Good luck on your journey.6.The lake shone like glass in the moonlight.(simile)新课标必修1 Unit4 Earthquakes 重点词组句子归纳总结 重点词组:

have time to do 有时间做某事 happen to do 碰巧做某事

shake hands with sb 握手 burst into tears/ laughter in ruins 成为废墟 cut across 穿过、横穿 blow away 吹走、刮走 fall down 倒塌

rescue workers 救援人员 be pleased to do 乐意做某事 make/ give a speech 发表演说 judging….from 根据……来判断 tens of thousands of 成千上万 dig out 挖掘

burst out crying/laughing突然哭/笑起来 think little of 对……评价低

be proud of / take pride in 以……而自豪 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

invite sb for/ to sth think highly of 对……评价高 one-third 1/3 two-thirds 2/3 seventy-five percent 75% agree with sb give out 发出(气味等);分发;耗尽 a great/ large number of =a great many/good 大量的 be trapped in/ under 陷入……/ 陷在……下面 the high school speaking competition 高中演讲比赛

have sb do sth= make sb do sth= let sb do sth 让某人做某事

come to an end(vi)= put/ bring sth to an end = put/ bring an end to sth 结束某事

agree to sth give off 发出(气味等)give back 归还

give away 赠送;泄露 agree on sth 达成一致意见 agree to do sth right away= right now= at once= immediately 立刻 as you know 正如你所知道的

be known as 作为……而知名as is known to all 众所周知 be known for 因……而出名

as could be expected 正如可以预料到的 it is useless doing sth 干某事是无用的

happen= take place= come about= break out 偶发 有计划 偶发 战争等爆发 句子归纳:

1.It is always calm before a storm.2.Now, imagine there has been a big earthquake.此句为There be 句型

3.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.现在分词表伴随 4.It seemed that the world was at an end.5.Water, food and electricity were hard to get.句型:主语+ be + adj + to do 其中to do 用主动形式表示被动含义 6.All hope was not lost.all 与not 连用 表示部分否定 7.It’s never too late to learn.活到老,学到老。附:分词用法 之 作定语

falling leaves 正在落的叶子 boiling water 正在沸腾的水 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的叶子 boiled water 开水 新课标必修1 Unit5 Nelson Mandela 重点词组句子归纳总结 重点词组:

lose heart 丧失勇气 worry about 担心 lose one’s heart to sb/sth 爱上,喜欢上 be worried about 担心(状态)in trouble 处于不幸中 be sentenced to 被判处 be out of work = lose one’s job 失业 be equal to 相等的,平等的 be proud of / take pride in 以……而自豪 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

invite sb for/ to sth think highly of 对……评价高 one-third 1/3 two-thirds 2/3 seventy-five percent 75% agree with sb

give out 发出(气味等);分发;耗尽 as a matter of fact = in fact = actually 事实上

blow up 充气 爆炸 beg for 乞讨 set up 建立,创立;设置,竖起 send up 发射,使上涨 set about 着手做某事(set about doing sth)go up 上升,增长;被兴建 set off 出发,动身 set up 设立,建立;设置,竖起

set out 陈列,摆出;开始(set out to do sth)stop sb(from)doing sth be active in = take an active part in 积极参与,在……活跃 keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事 die for 为……而死 die from 死于(外因)prevent sb(from)doing sth die of 死于(内因 如:饥饿,寒冷,疾病等)be proud of / take pride in 以……而自豪

invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 invite sb for/ to sth agree with sb

think highly of 对…评价高one-third 1/3

two-thirds 2/3 seventy-five percent 75% give out 发出(气味等);分发;耗尽

put sb in prison= throw sb into prison= send sb to prison 把……投入监狱 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 advice 不可数 a piece of advice advise doing sth fight for 为争取……而斗争 advise sb on sth fight against 为反对……而斗争 advise that(should)+ v原

fight with 同……并肩作战/ 同……斗争 have problems/ difficulty/ trouble with sth work out 算出 have a go= have a try break the law 违反法律

have problems/ difficulty/ trouble(in)doing sth be willing to do sth 乐于做某事

realize one’s dream of 实现…… 的梦想 answer violence with violence 以暴制暴

come to power 当权,上台 social activities 社会活动

equal(adj)---equally(adv)---equality(n)violence(n)------violent(adj)cruelty(n)---cruel(adj)---cruelly(adv)educated(adj)------education(n)willing----unwilling 不愿意的 active----inactive 不活跃的 句子归纳:

1.Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.only 放在句首且后接状语时(作状语:副词;介词短语;状语从句),要使用部分倒装------才用一般疑问句语序。

Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth.Only when his father came back did he go to bed.(从句无需倒装,主句要倒装)

2.He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism;people’s rights;people’s livelihood.他主张三民主义:民主、民权、民生。3.I felt bad the first time I talked to the group.the first time 用法相当于连词用法,用来引导从句 链接:It’s the first time that 现在完成时

It was the first time that 过去完成时

4.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.(should have done 本应做而未做)

needn’t have done 本不应做而做了 can’t have done 过去不可能做过

新课标必修1 Unit6 重点词组:

in…ways 在…方面 such as 例如 believe it or not 信不信由你 come up with 提出 come up to a place 参观某地 ever before 从前 even if/ though 即使 at the end of 在…末期 be based on 在...基础上 close to 距离…近change…into 把…变成 in the early days 在早期 take…with…随身携带 the same…as 与…相同的 at present 目前 be absent from 缺席 be present at 在席;出席 carry out a rule 执行规则 be a native of 是…人 at sb’s request 应某人的要求 have a command of掌握 make a request 请求 request that …(should)+v原形 in one direction 朝一个方向

give commands 命令 be different from 与…不同 i n the 1600’s = in the 1600s as a rule 通常;照例 be native to 是…的土产动物/植物 as we know 正如我们所知

an international language 一门国际语言 an international organization 一个国际组织

play a role/ part(in)在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色;参与 play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用 because of 因为;由于 come up(vi)走进;上来;发生;被讨论 make(good/ full)use of(好好/充分)利用

from one place to another 从一处到另一处 present sth to sb / present sb with sth 句子归纳:

1.However, they may not be able to understand everything.(然而,他们可能不是什么都懂。)

2.This is because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.(这是因为英国于1765年到1947年统治过印度。)3.All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.(当不同文化互相沟通时,所有的语言都会发生变化。)4.What the British call “petrol” the Americans call “gas”.(美国人把被英国人称作“petrol”的东西称作“gas”。此处what引导宾语从句)5.Actually, it was based more on German than present day English.(实际上,当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的,而现代英语不是。)6.…those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.7.The US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.(in which= where, 其引导定语从句。美国是一个大国,国内说着许许多多的方言。)8.…there is more than one kind of English in the world.(more than one+单数可数名词,作主语时,谓语用单数)

9.It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as well as a native English speaker.(对于一个中国人来说把英语说得跟以英语为母语的人一样好是不容易的。)句型:It is + adj/n+ for sb to do sth 对于某人来说做某事是… 扩充:It is + adj+ of /for sb to do sth 当句式中形容词修饰to do sth 时用for;若形容词修饰sb,则用of.eg: It’s kind of you to help me carry the box.附:

1.either…or…和neither…nor…连接两个名词作主语,谓语动词采取就近原则。

2.be different in 强调在某方面的不同

be different from 强调在各方面的不同 3.in the end 最后,最终 后无of 结构 三个表示最后最终的用法:

⑴finally: 按照顺序的最后,常与first, secondly 等连用 ⑵at last: 经过长时间等待直到最后

⑶in the end: 经过长期曲折斗争努力,终于… 如:战争等

4.与人交谈,常会有听不清楚或听不懂的情形,遇到这种情况该如何开口呢? ⑴Pardon? ⑵I beg your pardon? I don’t understand./ Sorry, I can’t follow you.对不起,我没听懂,请再说一遍好吗?

⑶Could you say that again, please? / Could you repeat that, please? 请再说一遍好吗?

⑷Could you speak more slowly, please? 请你说得慢一点好吗? 5.include ─ including;included identity ─ identify actually ─ actual(adj);apidly ─ rapid(v)

government(n)─ govern(v)wide(adj)─ widen(v);broad(adj)─ broaden(v)foreign ─ foreigner;solve(v)─ solution(n)

6.初二英语知识归纳总结 篇六

3. have conversations with sb. 同某人谈话 4. too... to... 太……而不能……

5. give a report 作报告 6. word by word 逐词逐句地

7. the secret to... ……的秘诀 8. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事

9. fall in love with 爱上 10. body language 肢体语言

11. as well也 12. a piece of cake 小菜一碟;很容易的事

13. look up 查阅;查找 14. so that 以便;为了

15. repeat out loud 大声跟读 16. take notes 做笔记

17. sentence patterns 句型 18. spoken English 英语口语

19. make mistakes in 在……方面犯错 20. the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力

21. depend on 视……而定;取决于;依靠 22. pay attention to 注意;关注

23. connect... with... 把……和……连接或联系起来

24. get bored 感到厌烦 25. try to do sth. 尽力做某事 26. be stressed out 焦虑不安的 27. be afraid of害怕

28. each time 每当;每次

1. But I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. 但是因为我糟糕的发音,我害怕问问题。

2. Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning. 尽管我听不懂各个角色说的所有台词,但他们的肢体语言和面部表情帮助我理解意思。

3. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. 我发现听有趣的东西是语言学习的秘诀。

4. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies. 我想学习新单词和更多的语法,以便能更好地理解英文电影。

5. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. 但是你是否能学好取决于你的学习习惯。

6. Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. 研究表明,如果你对某件事感兴趣,你的大脑就会更加活跃,你也更容易长时间关注它。

7. Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting. 优秀的学习者常常将他们需要学习的东西与有趣的事情联系起来。

8. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it. 即使是你学得好的东西,如果你不运用它也会忘记的。

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