英语语法原则主谓一致三原则

2024-10-03

英语语法原则主谓一致三原则(通用4篇)

1.英语语法原则主谓一致三原则 篇一

初中英语语法 主谓一致

一、主谓一致:主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。 主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语 法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。

语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用 复数形式。

例如:Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2. 意义一致原则:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。 例如: My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书 20 美元太贵了。

3. 就近一致原则:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。

例如: Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.  不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且 他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、 主谓一致常考题型:

1. 单数名词(代词),不可数名词做主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)做主语, 谓语用复数形式。

2. many a+单数名词做主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。 例如: Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

3. more than one+单数名词做主语,谓语用单数。

例如: More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4. 表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语做主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。

例如: Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。

Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0 英镑并不太重。

Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0 英里并不是一段很长的距离。  Five minus four is one. 5 减 4 等于 1。

5. 主语是 each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。

例如: Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。

Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。

6. one and a half+复数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如: One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。

7. 动词不定式,动名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:To see is to believe 眼见为实。

Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。

8. a/an+单数名词+or two 做主语,谓语动词用单数。

例如:A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。

9. 当主语部分含有 with,together with,along with,as well as,besides,except,but,like 等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如: Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。

Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。

10. 由 and 连接的两个单数名词做主语时,一般用复数形式,但 and 所连接的并列主语是同一个人、事物或概念时,谓语动词用单数。

这两种情况区分如下: a/the+单数名词+and+ 单数名词,指的是同一个人或物; a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词,指两个人或物。

例如:The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)

The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)

11. people, police 等集体名词做主语,谓语动词用复数形式,family, class, group, team 等集体名词做主语,若指一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式,若指一个具体成员时,谓语动词复数形式。

例如:People here are very friendly. 这儿的人很友好。

His family isn’t large. 他家的人不多。

My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。

12. 不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, nobody, everything, no one, nothing 做主语,谓语动词用单数,

例如:Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗?

Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。

Nobody was in. 没有人在家。

13. each, either, neither, another, the other 做主语,谓语动词用单数。

例如:Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。

Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不正确。

14. 以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如 news, maths, physics 等,

例如: No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。

No Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。

15. 由 both„and„ 连接两个单数名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式; 由 or, either„or„,neither„nor„,not only„but also„,not„but„,连接两个名词或代词做主语时,根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。

例如: Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.

Not only you but also he is ready to leave.

如果either, each, neither作主语,则动词为单数形式。

初中英语选择题技巧

1、结合语境

结合近几年全国各省市中考英语试题来看,单选题的命题方向越来越注重语境的考查。这类题的特点是,所给的四个选项填入空里,都没有语法错误,所以,同学们只有通过具体的语境分析,才能选择正确答案。

2、情景交际

英语是一门语言学习的学科,学习的目的在于英语。由此,情景交际也就很自然的成为单项选择题的热点。现在的中考单选题“语境与情景”是命题者命题的主要指导思想。所以,同学们在解答这类题的时候一定要在具体的情景下使用正确合适的应答。

3、习惯搭配

单选题经常会考查一些固定短语、固定结构和习惯用法等。对于这类题,就需要同学们在平时的学习中注意积累这方面的知识点,遇到这类题,在理解句子意思的基础上,根据习惯搭配就可以直接选择答案。习惯搭配是解答单选题的捷径。

4、找关键词

有的单选题,在题干中会有一些有利于我们解题的关键词,抓住这些关键词会使我们的问题迎刃而解。这些关键词是我们解题的突破口。

5、分析近义词

在英语的选择题中,会有很多近义词辨析这样的题。这对于同学们来说是很容易丢分的题。做这类题,需要大家学会区别它们的用法,学会分析。:

6、生活常识

有的时候在单选题中会出现一些关于政治、历史、地理、风俗习惯、科技等一些常识的考题。在解这类题的时候,我们就需要借助生活经验以及相关的学科知识来进行推理。

本次整理就到这里啦,祝大家在考试中能金榜题名!

2.英语语法原则主谓一致三原则 篇二

原创: 翟艳丽 黑龙江高中英语翟艳丽名师工作室

设计教师:翟艳丽 教学年级:高三年级 主谓一致

教材版本:外研社版 课题名称:语法教学《主谓一致》

授课时间:45分钟

(一)学情分析

“主谓一致”属于复习的语法知识,但是其中所涉及的知识点较多,学生们在准确性及熟练程度还有所提高,他们往往出现易混嚼、难辨别的问题。针对这一情况,采用导学案形式,集中大容量呈现知识点,并着重强调易混部分,强化学生对“主谓一致”规则的记忆。提高他们学习知识的积极性。

(二)教材分析

主谓一致是我们英语教学中的很重要的一个语法,掌握主谓一致对于学生的英语学习有着至关重要的作用,它渗透到了高考英语的每一部分,特别是在写作和改错部分,如果学生在“主谓一致”这一部分掌握不好,在高考中会失分很多的。所以我在此课中,在很大比例中加入了高考题的链接,激励学生认真仔细剖析高考题,以便于更好地理解把握“主谓一致”的规则和用法。

(三)教学目标

新课标中明确指出:语法教学就是帮助学生提高语言实践活动中的能力。本节课的教学目标为:激励学生将语法“主谓一致”真正落到实处,学会正确使用与主语一致的谓语动词。

(1)语言知识目标:准确记忆,灵活掌握“主谓一致”相应的规则。

(2)语言技能目标:培养学生在综合实践活动中对“主谓一致”语法规则的运用。

(3)情感态度目标:培养学生的自主学习能力以及合作探究能力。

(4)学习测略目标:主谓一致中的语法规则里需要揣测和理解的,所以这节课我着重帮助学生养成自主探究。研究归纳语法规则的能力,促使他们保持课前预习,课上合作研究的良好学习习惯。

(四)教学重点、难点

重点:①准确理解并掌握在同情况下谓语动词单复数的选择,全面记忆和使用主谓一致规则。

②在实际活动中,正确运用“主谓一致”原则。

难点:几种特殊情况下主谓一致规则的运用,如分数、量词,做主语时谓语动词的数的选择。

(五)教学策略:

全面调动学生潜能,把学生培养成课堂的主人,要求他们在课前完成发给他们的导学案,采用发现或自主学习和合作探究或学习能力,变被动为主动,促进学生更详尽地掌握知识,使他们更贴近课堂教学,进而激发学生浓厚的学习热情。

(六)教学过程

步骤1:导入(3分钟)为使知识学习易于接受和理解,此处通过一篇英语小短文形式,要求学生迅速准确修改错误,训练学生正误分辨能力。

设计意图:为下一步的语法学习抛砖引玉实现自然而然的过度。

步骤2 题记(20分钟)

1.组织学生进行小组探究活动,讨论研究课前导学案中遗留问题。

2.进行小组学习成果展示,总结主谓一致中的语法规则。

3.鼓励学生对展示内容进行质疑性学习,并保证“有问必答”。

设计意图:倡导以学生为主体的英语教学,全面提升学生主动认知能力,激活学生的学习兴趣;全思维发挥“愉快教学”的主导作用,使学生在合作探究的学习活动中,优化学习效率,激发潜能。

步骤3 高考寻踪(5分钟)

此部分,选择设计“主谓一致”有代表性的高考题,呈现给学生,要求学生在课堂上准确作答并进行解析,同时也可以质疑。

设计意图:帮助学生洞察高考出题方向,使之打好“高考战役”的准备站,并且达到巩固所学语法规则的目的。

步骤 4 强化闯关联系(10分钟)

该部分主要选择“特殊情况”(如就进一致,承前原则等)中的“主谓一致”题型,加大了强度及难度,采用小组强大比赛。

设计意图:对学生的应辩能力起到了提升作用,帮助学生扎实记忆“主谓一致”语法规则,同时以抢答比赛形式促进学生学习积极性、主动性。

步骤 5 能力迁移(5分钟)

此部分要求学生即兴编写与“主谓一致”有关的语句。

设计意图:强化训练学生潜意识中的“主谓一致”的运用习惯,为灵活处理高考中的书面表达或改错题做好充分准备。

步骤 6 总结归纳(2分钟)

进行简要地总结

设计意图:为加强学生对“主谓一致”语法规则的记忆与掌握,明确认知思路。

作业:

1.完成练习册中关于“主谓一致”的习题。

3.语法讲座之主谓一致 篇三

1、定义:所谓“主谓一致”,就是指谓语在人称和数上必须受主语的人称和数的支配。这是英语和汉语在构句里的又一迥异之处。

2、主谓一致的种类:

⑴ 语法形式上的一致

主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词为复数形式。如:

I often help him and he often helps me. 我经常帮助他,他经常帮助我。

We often help each other and learn from each other.我们经常互相帮助,互相学习。

⑵ 意义上的一致

a.主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。如:

The crowd were surrounding the government official. 人群包围住了这位政府官员。

单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, police, cattle等。如:

The Chinese people are brave and hard-working. 中国人民勇敢而又勤劳。

b.主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。如:

Great Expectations was written by Charles Dickens in 1860. 《远大前程》是查尔斯狄更斯1860年所著。

形复意单的单词有:news,works 和一些以s结尾的书名、组织机构的名称(如:“The Selected Poems of Li Bai”,the United States, the United Nations)以及以ics结尾的学科名称(如:physics,politics,maths,economics等)。

⑶ 就近原则

就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

a. 并列主语用连词or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接,谓语应同相邻的主语保持人称和数的一致。如:

Not only the students but also the teacher enjoys listening to the music.

不仅学生而且这位老师也喜欢听这种音乐。

Are either you or he wrong? 要么是你错,要么是他错吗?

b. 在there be 表存在的句式中,主语是两个或多个名词(短语)的并列时,be 的形式与最前边的一个名词(短语)一致。如:

There is a pen, two knives and several books on the table.

═ There are two knives, a pen and several books on the table.桌子上有一支钢笔、两把小刀和几本书。

C. 副词或介词短语在句首的倒装句中,必须认准哪是主语。如:

Between the two buildings stands a monument. 两幢楼之间耸立着一块纪念碑。

On the ship were over 2,200 people. More than 1,500 people lost their lives. Among those was the young woman. 船上有2,2001人, 1,500多人丧生,这位年轻妇女也在其中。

重点疑难

名词作主语

1、某些集体名词,如family, team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

My family is large. 我的家庭是个大家庭。 (看作一整体)

My family all like music. 我的家人都喜欢音乐。 (指家庭中一个个成员之和)

属于这类的集体名词还有:audience, class, club, company, crew, crowd, group, government,party, public, staff 等。

名词population一词的使用情况类似。如:

The population of the earth is increasing very fast. 地球上的人口数增长很快 。

One third of the population in this country enjoy drinking coffee. 这国三分之二的人喜欢喝咖啡。

“a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数,前者强调整体,后者强调各个部分。

2、单、复数同形的名词作主语时,按意义一致的原则。作单数意义时,谓语动词用单数,反之,谓语动词用复数。这类名词有:sheep, fish, deer, means(方法), works(工厂), Chinese, Japanese等。如:

Every means has been tried out without much result.每一种方法都试过了却没什么结果。

All means have been tried out without much result. 所有方法都试过了却没什么结果。

This shoe works was set up in 1980. 这家鞋厂建于1980年。

Those shoe works were all set up in 1980. 这些鞋厂都建于1980年。

当它们前面有a, such a, this, that修饰时,谓语用单数;有all, such, these, those修饰时,谓语用复数。

3、名词所有格之后的名词被省略,这种情况一般指商店、工场、住宅等,作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。如:

My doctors is not far from my home. 我的家庭医生诊所离我家不远。

My uncles is just across the street. 我叔叔家在街对面。

常见的省略名词有:the bakers, the barbers, the carpenters, the Smiths 等等。

表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待,但作主语时,谓语动词常常用复数。如:

Richardsons have a lot of goods to sell. Richardson的店里有许多货可卖。

4、当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

Two hours is enough for me to finish the work. 两小时对我来说完成这项工作足够了。

Two hundred dollars gives Jack much help. 两百美元帮了Jack大忙。

5、如果主语有more than one… 或many a…构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍然用单数形式。如:

More than one comrade has asked to stay. 不止一位同志已经要求留下。

Many a passenger was killed in the accident. 许多乘客在这一次事故中丧生。

但是“more+复数名词+than one”结构及“more than one hundred+复数名词”结构之后,谓语动词一般用复数形式。如:

More members than one are against your plan. 不止一位成员反对你的计划。

6、不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词及each…and each…, every…and every…, no…and no…, many a …and many a…结构作主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。如:

Every man and every woman is at work. 所有男的和女的都在工作。

Many a desk and many a bench is to be taken out of the hall. 许多课桌和凳子将被搬出大厅。

7、表示成双成套的名词,如:chopsticks (筷子), compasses, clothes, glasses, jeans, scissors, shoes, socks, trousers等,作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式;但如与a kind of, a pair of, the pair of, a series of 连用,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

The trousers are in the drawer. 裤子在抽屉里。

There is a pair of shoes under the bed. 有一双鞋在床下。

The pair of shoes is rather expensive. 这双袜子很贵。

8、this kind of book ═ a book of this kind (这种书),其谓语动词用单数;短语this kind of books═ books of this kind═ these kind of books(口语)(这类书),但this kind of books作主语时,谓语动词用单数;books of this kind 和these kind of books作主语时,谓语动词用复数。all/these kinds of 后跟复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

This kind of books is very popular with young people. 这类书很受年轻人欢迎。

Books of this kind are very popular with young people.这类书很受年轻人欢迎。

These kind of parties are dangerous. 这类政党很危险。

All kinds of flowers have come out in the valley. 山谷里各种各样的花已竞相开放。

9、如果名词词组的中心词是all, most, rest, some, neither, none, no等词,所指是复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式;反之用单数。如:

Some of the pigeons have been missing. 一些鸽子已经不见了。

Some of the ice has melted so far. 迄今已有一些冰融化掉了。

All of the water in the area has been seriously polluted. 这地区所有的水都已受严重污染。

All of the books have been sold out. 所有的书都已被卖完了。

None of us have been there. 我们没人去过那里。

None of the stolen money has been found yet. 被偷的钱至今一点也未找到。

The rest of the students are watering trees. 其余的学生正在浇树。

The rest of the wine has gone bad. 剩下的酒已经变质了。

B. 由连接词连接的名词作主语

1、用and或both…and连接并列主语,表示不同概念,谓语动词常用复数。如:

You and he both stand up. 你和他都站了起来。

Water and air are both important. 水和空气都很重要。

Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不待人。

但并列结构充当主语表示整体概念时,即指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词没有冠词。

英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有:

⑴ 相关名词并列表示整体概念。如:

iron and steel 钢铁 law and order 治安 bread and butter 黄油面包

⑵ 配套事物。如:

a watch and chain 一块带链的表 a needle and thread针线 a coat and tie配有领带的上衣

A knife and fork is needed for a western meal. 吃西餐时要用刀和叉。

The cart and horse is coming. 马车来了。

⑶ 表示兼职或有多个称呼的人。如:

the worker and poet 这位工人兼诗人

The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting. 这位教师兼作家正在会上发言。

⑷ 两个完全重合的概念并列。如:

aim and end 目的 truth and honesty 真诚

capacity and efficiency 效能 love and affection 情感

To love and to be loved is the great happiness.爱与被爱是幸福。

Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. 早睡早起是好习惯。

2、当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。如:

Your father as well as you is very kind to me. 不仅你而且你的父亲对我都非常好。

He, like you and Xiao Li, is very clever. 他象你和小李一样非常聪明。

Mr Robbins, together with his wife and children, is leaving London for Paris. Robbins先生明天将和妻子和孩子离开伦敦去巴黎。

C. 代词作主语

1、名词性物主代词作主语时,根据它所替代的是单数还是复数来确定谓语动词的单、复数。如:

Theirs (their classroom) is a big classroom. 他们的教室是一个大教室。

Your trousers are black and mine are brown. 你的裤子是黑色的,我的是棕色的。

2、such, the same起指示代词作用,应根据其所指的内容来确定单、复数。如:

Such is our plan. 这就是我们的计划。Such are my hopes. 这些就是我的愿望。

3、关系代词which, who, that在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与其前的先行词的数保持一致。如:

Those who want to go should sign your names here. 那些想去的人在这儿签上你们的名字。

He is one of the students who are good at maths. 他是那些擅长数学的学生中的一位。

He is the only one of the children who often speaks ill of others behind their backs. 他是这些孩子中唯一经常在背后讲别人坏话的人。

4、疑问代词who, what, which作主语时,谓语动词可以根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。如:

Who lives next door? Its Xiao Liu.

Who live next door? Its Zhang and Liu.

5、不定代词any, either, neither,none, all, some, more等作主语时,有以下两种情况:

单独作主语,视其在文中的意义,动词可用单数或复数形式。例如:

Now all has been changed. All are present at the meeting.

either, neither单独作主语,谓语通常用单数。

但是后接of时,若of的宾语为不可数名词,谓语动词当然用单数形式,若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时,动词可以是单数,也可以是复数,在正式文体中,单数形式的动词更为常用。如:

Do (Does) any of them know English? 他们中有人懂英语吗?

None of them like (likes) football. 他们中没人喜欢足球。

D. 分数、量词作主语

1、“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的短语及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, half of, a heap of, heaps of +名词”构成的短语作主语时,谓语动词的数与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。如:

More than 70 percent of the surface of ouor planet is covered by water. 我们星球的表面百分之七十多都被水覆盖着。

One third of the students are girls in our group. 我们队三分之一的学生是女生。

注意: a large quantity of 修饰可数名词或不可数名词,其短语作主语,谓语动词用单数,而(large) quantities of修饰可数名词或不可数名词,其短语作主语,谓语动词一般用复数。如:

A large quantity of people is needed here. 这儿需要大批人。

Large quantities of food have rotten away. 大量食物都已经腐烂了。

短语in quantity, in large quanities意为“大量的”;in small quantities意为“少量的”。

2、a great deal of/ a large amount of修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,但large amounts of 修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。如:

A great deal of rice was taken from the country to the city by railway. 很多大米通过铁路从乡下运往城市。

Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge. 许多前都花在这座桥的建设上了。

3、a number of+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数:the number of+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。如:

A number of students are going for a picnic this weekend. 这个周末许多学生将去野炊。

The number of days in February this year is 28. 今年二月份的天数是二十八天。

4、one and a half后,名词要用复数形式,但其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

One and a half bananas has been eaten by the child. 这孩子已经吃了一根半香蕉。

5、half of, (a) part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数,修饰可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:

Half of the building is finished. 这幢大楼已经建了一半。

Part of the glasses in the store are made in Suzhou. 店里部分玻璃杯是苏州产的。

E. 名词化的形容词作主语

“the+形容词(或过去分词或现在分词)”如:the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the wounded, the injured, the unemployed, the dying, the living 等结构担任主语表示一类人时,谓语动词常用复数形式;但也有少数的形容词或过去分词与定冠词连用指个别或表示抽象的概念时,谓语动词用单数。如:

The young are more active than the old in the work. 做这项工作青年人比老年人积极。

The injured in the accident is an engineer. 在这次事故中受伤的那人是位工程师。

The beautiful attracts all the tourists.美景吸引住了所有的游客。

F. 动名词、不定式短语和从句作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

To learn a foreign language is not so difficult as you think. 学一门外语并不象你想象的那么难。

Smoking is bad for health. 吸烟有害健康。

That he has won the game is known to us all. 他赢了这场比赛是我们众所周知的事。

但what引导的主语从句所指的具体内容是复数意义时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。如:

What we need is more time. 我们需要的是更多的时间。

What we need are good teachers. 我们需要的是好老师。

专项练习

单项选择题:

1.The whole class _____ the teacher attentively.

A. are listening to B. is listening to C. are listening D. is listening

2. The League secretary and monitor _____ asked to make a speech at the meeting.

A. is B. was C. are D. were

3. He played on the _____ for two hours and when he returned he found half his goods _____ stolen.

A. sand; were B. sand; was C. sands; were D. sands; was

4. _____ can be done _____ been done.

A. All; have B. All that; have C. All; has D. All that; has

5. About 40 _____ of the population of that country _____ on farms.

A. percent; lives B. percent; live C. percents; live D. percents; lives

6. The Olympic Games _____ held every _____ years.

A. is; four B. are; four C. is; five D. are; five

7. No one but her parents _____ it.

A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. are knowing

8. The results of the examination _____ that you have all made great _____ .

A.show; progress B.shows; progress C.show; progresses D.shows; progresses

9. No bird and no beast _____ in the lonely island.

A. are seen B. is seen C. see D. sees

10.Here _____ a new pair of shoes for you.

A. is B. are C. have D. has

单句改错题:

1. Your family is very kind. Ill never forget the favor youve done me.

2. When and where to build the new school havent been decided.

3. Three quarters of the land is covered with green grass while the rest are covered with pine trees.

4. Not even one of the hundred students who took the test have passed.

5. On each side of the street stands a lot of trees.

6. There seem to be a knife and fork on the table.

7. The students in our school each has known the meaning of WTO.

8. The number of people who own cars are increasing.

9. Such people as he is to be punished.

10.It were Tom and John who played a trick on the old man.

(答案:一、1. A 2. B 3.C 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A

二、1. is-are 2. havent-hasnt 3. are-is 4. have-has 5. stands-stand

4.英语语法原则主谓一致三原则 篇四

Smoking is not a good habit.

To live happily needs a lot of things.

What I said is true.

二、如果由and连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候,用单数动词.

The singer and songwriter is dead.

The science and technology plays an important part in China.

Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients.

“War and Peace” is the best book I have ever read.

如果由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each, every, many a/an, no的时候用单数名词.

Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.

Each minute and second is valuable to us.

三、主语是单数, 后面跟有with, along with, together with,besides, as well as, but, except, no less than,rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to 的时候, 谓语动词用单数.

Jack with his family wants to go to China.

He, as well as you, is very honest.

No one but I is a student.

Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed in the accident.

The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible.

四、由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词(sb,sth---)和each, either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing做主语的时候,谓语动词用单数.

Each of you is cleverer than me.

Neither student has passed the exam.

Is anybody here?

五、both, few, a few, several, many以及others做主语的时候,

永远用复数动词.

Several friends were invited to the party.

Both books are sold out.

六、all, none, any, some, more和most要是修饰单数名词,谓语动词用单数; 若是修饰复数名词,就用复数动词.

Most of the apple is bad.

Most of the apples are bad.

None of this money is yours.

None of the people here are teachers.

七、 由or连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最接近的主语一致.

You or he is wrong.

Are you or he wrong?

由either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最近的主语一致.

Either he or you have to tell the truth.

Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.

Not only the basketball players but also the coach was very nervous.

八、若主语的复数名词表示的是”一段时间”, “一笔钱”, “一段距离”, “一个数量”, “一个面积”的时候用单数谓语动词.

Two weeks is to enough for me to finish it.

Five thousand dollars is too much.

Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.

九、people(人民), police, cattle(牛群)等常用复数动词. 有一些集体名词,如果表示的是整体就用单数动词, 如果表示的是其中的个体就用复数谓语动词.这样的词常见的有family, class, audience, public, team等等.

His family are all singers.

His family is very large.

十、关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,谓语动词与先行词一致。

Those who want to go please sign their names here.

十一、一些名词只有复数形式,如clothes, scissors, trousers, shorts, scales 等, 作主语时谓语用复数形式

The scales 天平are mine.

但是成双的东西前面有a pair of 要用单数。

This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor.

十二、如果主语由“a kind of ( a series of ) 构成, 谓语一般用单数形式。

This kind of men is dangerous.

如果是多种,谓语动词要用复数。

There are many kinds of apples.

十三、算术式通常用单数。

十四、ics结尾的学科用单数谓语动词。

十五、书名,剧名,报纸名,国名的复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。

The united states is a capitalist country.

“ The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.

十六、“the+形容词(分词)“ 指人谓语动词用复数形式。指抽象谓语动词

用单数。

The English speak English.

The new always beats the old.

十七、who, what, which, all,more, most some, any, none,

half, the rest, the remainder 等作主语要看各自的情况。

十八、one and a half 加复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。

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