2023年高考英语试题分类解析——交际用语

2024-10-31

2023年高考英语试题分类解析——交际用语(通用5篇)

1.2023年高考英语试题分类解析——交际用语 篇一

2013年高考英语试题分类汇编之动词及动词短语

(2013年高考英语福建卷)24.Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _____ spending quite a lot of time with students.A.enjoysB.involvesC.practicesD.suggests

24.B。本题考查动词词义辨异。enjoy喜欢、享受;involve包含、牵涉、使陷于、潜心于;practice练习、实习;suggest提议、建议、启发。根据句意选B。

【句意】米歇尔找到一份在一所中学当老师的工作,这份工作需要在学生身上花很多时间。

(2013年高考英语福建卷)28.Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________ in disasters.A.turn downB.turn outC.break downD.break out

28.C。本题考查动词短语词义辨析。turn down关小、调低、拒绝;turn out 证明是、结果是、生产;break down分解、发生故障、失败;break out爆发。无线网络会瘫痪,所以选C。

【句意】当无线网络发生灾难性故障的时候,过时的电话变得很重要。

(2013年高考英语湖北卷)23.While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.A.sacrificeB.substituteC.simplifyD.surviveC。本题考查动词词义辨析。sacrifice 献祭;奉献;牲;substitute 用…替代; simplify 简化;使简易; survive比…活得长,经历…之后还存在;幸存;

【句意】而聪明的人往往可以简化复杂的,而傻瓜则是极有可能使简单的更加复杂化。

(2013年高考英语湖北卷)24.According to the law, all foreigners have to ______ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.A.associateB.disputeC.negotiateD.registerD。本题考查动词词义辨析。associate 联合;结交; 联想; dispute辩论,争论;negotiate 谈判,协商,交涉;register登记,注册;

【句意】根据法律规定,所有的外国人必须在两个星期内到当地警察局登记。

(2013年高考英语湖北卷)25.Butterflies ______ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.A.carry onB.feed onC.put onD.focus onD。本题考查动词短语辨析。carry on 继续进行;feed on以…为食;put on增加;穿上;上演;focus on致力于;使聚焦于;

【句意】蝴蝶以花产生的甜的液体为食,这些甜的液体也是蜜蜂和其他昆虫所要收集的。

(2013年高考英语湖北卷)26.In much of the animal world, night is the time ______ for sleep—pure and simple.A.set asideB.set downC.set offD.set upA。本题考查动词短语辨析set aside把…放置一旁;不理会;留出;set down 制定;(使)放下;(叫…)下车;记下set off出发;(使)开始;引起;点燃set up建立;准备; 安排;引起

【句意】在大部分的动物世界里,晚上的时间纯粹是用于睡眠的。

(2013年高考英语江苏卷)23.—The town is so beautiful!I just love it.—Me too.The character of the town is well.A.qualifiedB.preservedC.decoratedD.simplified

23.B。本题考查动词词义辨析。本题中,动词的过去分词已具有形容词的性质。A.be qualified合格的;有资格的;B.be well preserved保存完好的;C.be well decorated装饰得很漂亮的;D.be simplified被简化的。根据句意,选B。

【句意】——这座小镇是如此美丽!我真是喜欢它。

——我也是。小镇的特色保存的很完好。

(2013年高考英语江苏卷)29.Team leaders must ensure that all members___ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.A.get overB.look overC.take overD.come over

29.A。本题考查动词短语辨析。A.get over克服;恢复;熬过;B.look over查看;细看;仔细检查;C.take over接收,接管;D.come over过来,来访。根据句意,选A。

【句意】团队领导者必须确保所有成员克服他们发自内心的愿望——想要避免犯错所带来的尴尬。(2013年高考英语江西卷)27.Mother always complains that children _______ their shoes very quickly.A.find outB.wash outC.wear outD.set out

27.C.考查动词词组词义辨析。A.find out 搞清楚,弄明白;B.wash out洗掉、冲掉;C.wear out穿坏、用坏;

D.set out出发,开始。

【句意】妈妈总是抱怨孩子们很快就把鞋穿坏了。

(2013年高考英语江西卷)31.She _____ the carpet with some very nice curtains in color.A.connectedB.fittedC.equippedD.matched.31.D.考查动词搭配。A.connect……with用……把……连接起来;B.与fit经常搭配的介词是to“使……适合……,适应”;C.equip……with“用……装备;使具备”;match……with“使……相配”

【句意】她把彩色的漂亮窗帘与地毯搭配起来。

(2013年高考英语辽宁卷)32.Briggs will _______ as general manager when Mitchell retires.A.get awayB.take overC.set offD.run out

32.B。本题考查动词短语辨析。A.get away逃跑B.take over接管,接任 C.set off引发D.run out用光,耗尽。根据句意,选择B。

【句意】当米切尔退休时布里格斯将接任总经理职务。

(2013年高考英语陕西卷)25.My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has_______.A.cut outB.cut downC.cut upD.cut off

25.B。本题考查动词短语词义辨析。四个短语的意思分别是“切断,删除”;“削减,砍倒”;“切碎,谴责”;“切掉,删去”;根据句意,“虽然没有戒烟,但至少是减量了”,应该用cut down。

【句意】我叔叔一直没能够戒烟,但至少他减量了。

(2013年高考英语天津卷)2.If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to_____ a hand.A.lendB.shakeC.waveD.want

2.A。本题考查动词的词义辨析。本题中一个lend a hand,伸出援助之手,帮某人忙,符合句意;shake意为“摇晃,晃动”,握手通常是shake hands with sb.,一般不用shake a hand,wave意为“摆动,挥舞”;而want意为“需要”,want a hand需要人手。

【句意】如果你有麻烦,马克总是乐于伸出援助之手。

(2013年高考英语天津卷)8.I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able to

A.get awayB.drop inC.check outD.hold on

8.A。本题考查动词短语辨析。A get away意为“离开;逃掉;抽身”;B drop in意为“顺便拜访”;C check out意为“退房结帐;检验;通过考核”;D项hold out意为“伸出;拿出;呈现;抵抗”。

【句意】我今年原打算度假的,但是我实在抽不出身来。

(2013年高考英语新课标II卷)2.Would you like to_____ with us to the film tonight?

A.come alongB.come offC.come acrossD.come through

2.A。本题考查动词短语词义辨析。come along 的意思是“一起,一道”,符合句意,为正确答案;其他三个选项的意思分别是“离开,实现”,“偶然碰到;被理解”,“经历,安然度过”,均与句意不符,排除。

【句意】今晚想跟我们一起去看电影吗?

(2013年高考英语新课标II卷)8.The watch was very good, and he____ 20 percent down for it.A.paidB.costC.boughtD.spent

8.A。本题考查动词用法辨析。cost的主语必须是物,不能是人,排除选项B;用bought 的话,后面应该直接接买的东西,排除选项C;用spent的话,后面应该用on sth或者(in)doing,排除选项D。

【拓展】表示“花钱/时间买东西/做事情”的用法:(1)pay… for 其主语必须是人(2)spend… on sth/(in)doing 其主语必须是人(3)cost 其主语必须是物(4)It takes sb some time to do sth。

【句意】这块表非常好,他八折买的。

(2013年高考英语新课标I卷)30.At the last moment, Tom decided to_____ a new character to make the story seem more likely.A.put upB.put inC.put onD.put off

30.B。本题考查动词短语辨析。put … up举起„„;张贴„„;put … in 使„„加入;适„„进入;put … on 穿上„„;上演„„;put … off 推迟„„。题干中的more likely提示,汤姆决定“添加”一个角色,故最佳答案是B。

【句意】在最后一刻,汤姆决定添加一个新角色来使故事显得更加真实。

(2013年高考英语浙江卷)9.When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to ______it with important points.A.concludeB.leadC.avoidD.hold

9.A。考查动词词义辨析。根据语境“分组讨论快要结束时”,相对应的是conclude结束,而“lead引领”该表示开始时,“void避免”违背语境,hold a discussion进行讨论。

【句意】当分组讨论快要结束时,务必要以要点总结讨论。

(2013年高考英语浙江卷)12.A good listener takes part in the conversation, ______ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.A.realizingB.copyingC.offeringD.misunderstanding

12.C。考查动词词义辨析。在本句中只有offer能和ideas搭配并与raise questions相对应。

【句意】一个好的听众会参与到谈话中,给出他们的想法,提出问题使得谈话继续下去

(2013年高考英语浙江卷)17.Bears ______ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.A.pack upB.build upC.bring upD.take up

17.B。考查动词短语辨析。pack up整理;把„打包,bring up提出;教育;养育;呕出;take up拿起;开始从事;占据(时间,地方),build up逐渐积聚,集结;逐步建立;增进,增强。在本句中build up fat stores表示积累脂肪储存。

【句意】熊在整个夏天到秋天积累脂肪,为了在冬天度过冬眠期。

(2013年高考英语安徽卷)26.Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they______on their life journey.A.give upB.settle downC.get throughD.set off

26.D。本题考查动词短语词义辨析。

【句意】习惯上,大学生举行毕业典礼是为了在他们开始自己的生活旅程之前鼓励自己。

A,B,C三个选项的意思分别是“放弃”,“安下心来,定居”,“通过,做完”,均不符合句意,排除。

2.2023年高考英语试题分类解析——交际用语 篇二

1、(2010陕西文数)15.(几何证明选做题)如图,已知Rt△ABC的两条直角边AC,BC的长分别为3cm,4cm,以AC为直径的圆与AB交于点D,则BD=cm.2、(2010北京理数)(12)如图,O的弦ED,CB的延长线交于点A。若BDAE,AB=4, BC=2, AD=3,则DE=;CE=。

3、(2010天津文数)(11)如图,四边形ABCD是圆O的内接四边形,延长AB和DC相交于点P。若PB=1,PD=3,则的值为。

4、(2010天津理数)(14)如图,四边形ABCD是圆

O的内接四边形,延长AB和DC相交于点P,若

PB

PA=1PC1BC,=,则的值为。2PD3ADBCAD5、(2010广东理数)

14、(几何证明选讲选做题)

如图3,AB,CD是半径为a的圆O的两条弦,它们

相交于AB的中点P,PD=2a

3,∠OAP=30°,则CP=______.6、(2010广东文数)14.(几何证明选

做题)如图3,在直角梯形ABCD中,DC∥AB,CBAB,AB=AD=a,CD=a

2,点E,F分别为线段AB,AD的中点,则EF=

7、(2010辽宁理数)(22)(本小题满分10分)选修4-1:几何证明选讲 如图,ABC的角平分线AD的延长线交它的外接圆于点E(I)证明:ABE

ADC

(II)若ABC的面积S12ADAE,求BAC的大小。

3.2023年高考英语试题分类解析——交际用语 篇三

一、(2009.全国卷I)短文改错

After five years away in my hometown, I find that 76.________________ The neighborhood which I used to living in has changed 77.________________ a lot.The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop 78._______________ across the street from our middle school were gone.79.________________ There exist now a park that has a small river running 80.________________ through.The factory at the comer of Friendship Street and 81._______________ Zhongshan Road has been moved out of the city, and sports 82.______________ center has been built in their place.The market at the corner of 83._____________ Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to 84.________________ a supermarket.Besides the bookstore next to our middle 85._______________ school is still there.【解析】

76.【答案】in→from。句意是我离开家乡五年,away from属于固定搭配。

77.【答案】 living → live。used to 后跟动词原形,表示“过去常常做某事请”。

78.【答案】older → old。句中没有比较的意思。

79.【答案】were → are。根据上文可知饭店和鱼店消失都陈述的是现在的情况。

80.【答案】exist → exists。主语a park是单数第三人称。

81.【答案】正确

82.【答案】sports前加a。sports center是可数名词单数,表示不确定。

83.【答案】their → its。前文中提到了名词The factory是单数,因此把their改为its。

84.【答案】去掉been。短语give way to“让路”,用主动语态。

85.【答案】Besides → But。前后表示转折关系。

二、(2009.全国卷II)短文改错(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。如有错误(每行只有一个错误),如无错误,在答题卡相应的位置上画一个勾(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正;

此行多一个词:把多余的词写在答题卡相应的位置上,用斜线(﹨)划掉。

此行缺一个词:在答题卡相应的位置上写出该加的词,并附带前(后)词。

此行错一个词:在答题卡相应的位置上写出该错词和改正后的词。

注意:原行没有错的不用改。

Hi, Susan.I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return to your 76 bike on time yesterday.I mean to give it 77 back to you before four in the afternoon,and I 78 was hold up on my way back.Just before I 79 turned corner of park street.I happened to 80 see an accident.A little girl was hurt and her 81 mother needed help.So I helped them going to 82 the nearest hospital.I stayed here for one and 83 a half hour and made sure that the girl was all 84 hope you understand.85

Thank you!

Li Ling

【答案】76.去掉to;77.mean改为meant;78.and改为but;79.hold改为held;80.turned the corner;81.正确;82.going改为go;83.here改为there;84.hour改为hours;85.were改为was

【解析】短文改错存在一定的迷惑度,但是相对而言,也是本卷中容易的部分。

三、(2009.四川卷)短文改错(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误,在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:

此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线()划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该加的 词。

此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该

加的词。

此行错一个词,在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意:原行没有错的不要改。

短文改错:

Three men were fishing when the angel appeared in the boat

66.68.with them.The first man got over his shock and politely said to 67.The angel, “I’ve suffered by back pain for years.Can you help

me?” The angel touched his back, and he had recovered.could cure her poor eyesight.The angel touched his eyes,but he could see everything clearly.69.70.72.73.74.75.71.The second man pointed to his glass and asked if the angel

The angel then turned to the third man, threw up his hands

I don’t want to be a normally person!”

【答案】

Three men were fishing when the angel appeared in the boat

in fear.“Don’t touch me!” he cries.“I’m on disability pay!

66.an With them.The first man got over his shock and politely said to 67.√ The angel, “I’ve suffered by back pain for years.Can you help 68.from Me?” The angel touched his back, and he had recovered.could cure her poor eyesight.The angel touched his eyes, but he could see everything clearly.69.had 71.his 72.and The second man pointed to his glass and asked if the angel

70.glasses The angel then turned to the third man, ∧ threw up his hands 73.who In fear.“Don’t touch me!” he cries.“I’m on disability pay!74.cried I don’t want to be a normally person!”

75.normal

四、(2009.海南、宁夏卷)短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Dear Mrs Winthorp,So my first week at college is over!No lectures this morning so I think I’d email you and let you know what things are going.I’m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one second floor.There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so they we can help each other on the course work.Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here.Well, I had better to stop now.I’m going to attend mine first lesson this aftemoon, for I’ve got some preparation to make, Keep in touch.Best,Carol 解析

【答案】what----how;句意如何让对方知道情况的进展,故改为how。

【答案】.anything----everything ;anything常用于否定疑问句中,不合适。【答案】find----found ;现在和过去的对比,时态应为一般过去时。【答案】second前加the ;序数词second前的定冠词使用。【答案】friend---friends; make a friend=make friends。【答案】on----with; help sth,with sth.【答案】warmly----warm ;由此处为形容词作表语。【答案】去掉to,;had better do sth.固定用法。【答案】mine----my ;形容词性的物主代词。

【答案】for----so ;因此,所以,应该是so, for表补充说明原因.。

五、(2009.陕西卷)短文改错(共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)

此题要求在答题卡上改正所给短文中的错误。请根据上下文对标有题号的每一行做出判断:如无错误, 在该行右边横线上划一个勾;如有错误(每行只有一个错误), 则按下列情况改正:

此行多一个词:把多余的词用()划掉, 在该行右边横线上写出该词, 并用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^), 在该行右边横线上写出应加的单词。

此行错一个词:在错词下划一横线, 在该行右边横线上写出改正后的单词。

注意:原行没有错误的不要改。

My classmate, Joseph, is at present in hospital

With a breaking leg.He was walking to school the other 76.day when he let a bicycle ran right into him.He never 77.watches where he is going, so he often gets into the trouble.78.But he is having a nice time there.He has a comfortable.room, patiently nurses, and a great deal of time to read.79.80.Some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him 81.Lost of good book and fresh fruit.He is not losing any time 82.From school because he is busy study what he has Expected and will b out of hospital a few weeks.83.85.Missed in classes.The doctor says he is recovering fast than 84.76.【答案】 breaking-broken.【解析】非谓语动词做定语,与所修饰词是被动关系,用过去分词。

77.【答案】ran-run.【解析】let后常用省略to的不定式做宾语补足语。

78.【答案】 去掉trouble前的the。

【解析】get into trouble是固定短语,意思是:陷入麻烦中。

79.【答案】√

80.【答案】patiently-patient.【解析】修饰名词nurses,用形容词。

81.【答案】 ∧they take him-and.【解析】前后文是并列关系,用并列连词and。

82.【答案】 book-books.【解析】book前用lots of修饰,应用复数。

83.【答案】study – studying。

【解析】be busy(in)doing sth:忙于做某事。

84.【答案】fast-faster。

【解析】由than可知此处副词用比较级。

85.【答案】 ∧a few-in/within。

【解析】in a few weeks:过几周。

六、(2009.辽宁卷)短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏子符号(/),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误仅限1词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(试题内容见答题卡)

When I was in high school, most of my friend had bicycles.I hoped I could also have it.One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan.I asked my father the money.But he said he could only give me half of the money.He should find the other half myself.So I went to sell newspapers after the school.My father was pleased if I showed him the money a month after.He gives me the other fifty.You can imagine how much happy I was when I rode to school on my own bicycle.解析

【答案】friend---friends;Most of 决定了名词必须用复数形式。

【答案】it—one;it代替同一个,one指同类里边的一个,此处我希望我也能有一辆,与前面提到的是一类。【答案】that---which;非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时只能用which不能用that.【答案】the money前加for;、此处ask my father的目的应该是钱。ask my father与 the money之间需要加表目的的介词。

【答案】He----I;由前句he said he could only give me half of the money.和后句的myself.可知此处应该改为I.【答案】if---when;按照句意应该是一个月后,当我给他看钱的时候,可知此处应该用when。【答案】after---later;此处用副词,不能用连词。【答案】gives---gave;按照上下文叙述的都是发生地事情。

【答案】去掉happy前的much.;此处how与happy之间不需要加任何词。

七、(2009.浙江卷):短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加.删除或修改某个单词。

k增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

例如:

It was very nice to get your invitation to spend ∧ weekend with you.Luckily I was

the am

completely free then, so I’ll to say “yes”.I’ll arrive in Bristol at around 8p.m.in Friday evening.on

One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a truck came to a stop besides us.The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through.I stood there and couldn’t believe in that a complete stranger is so thoughtful.The man insisted, so I grateful accepted the offer, thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road.This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to everyone else.It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return.【答案】

One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a truck came to a stop besides us.The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella ks5u because he found we were wet through.I stood there and couldn’t believe in that a complete stranger is so thoughtful.The man insisted, so I grateful accepted ks5u the offer, thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road.This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to everyone else.It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return.【答案】friend-friends。---中的多数才能用one of,one of 后用名词复数形式,改为friends.【答案】besides----beside,在---旁边,用beside.【答案】a----an;umbrella 的发音可知。【答案】去掉in;believe vt.【答案】is----was;过去发生,用过去时。

4.2023年高考英语试题分类解析——交际用语 篇四

1.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ______ interact with one another.A.ThatB.WhereC.WhoD.What

2.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platformvisitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.WhatB.WhereC.WhenD.why

3.is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

4.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environmentthey live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

5.Finally he reached a lonely islandwas completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom

6.There is no simple answer,is often the case in science.A.asB.ThatC.whenD.where

7.He may win the competition,he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that caseC.in what caseD.in whose case

8.He wrote a letterhe explained what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

9.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when

10.Happiness and success often come to thoseare good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.WhoC.whatD.which

11.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of thoselives were affected.A.whoseB.ThatC.whoD.which

12.Many countries are now setting up national parksanimals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.WhichC.whoseD.where

13.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the houseI wouldbe staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

2013年高考英语试题定语从句部分训练题(1)答案解析

1.【解析】题干的意思是:“生态系统是由一个区域里相互作用的生物和非生物构成的”。分析句子结构,interact with one another是定语从句,先行词是the living and nonliving things,通过还原法可知,先行词在从句中作主语,不是人,所以用that。务必记住:what不可引导定语从句。故选择A.2.【解析】考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句修饰platform,where再从句中充当地点状语。先行词从句主干是否完整,确定关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当什么成分。故选择B。

3.【解析】本题考查定语从句。as在此句中引导非限定性定语从句,放在句首,同时在从句中作主语,为正确答案;如果用it或者that,那么整个句子中缺少一个连词,排除选项A和B; 如果用what,逗号前面应该是一个主语从句,主语从句之后应该是谓语动词,而不是逗号之后再来一个句子,排除。句意:等医生到的时候,Amy好多了,孩子都这样。故选择B。

4.【解析】本题考查定语从句。the environment是先行词,在定语从句中做地点状语,“他们生活在这个环境中”,故用关系代词where。句意:现在人们更加关心他们所生活的环境。(拓展:关系词的选择,最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分,而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词,如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where,同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。)故选择D。

5.【解析】本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为island,而先行词在从句中所做的成分是主语,所以用关系代词that或which;when和where引导定语从句时用做状语;而whom引导定语从句时做宾语。句意:最终他们到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的荒岛上。故选择C。

6.【解析】本题考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。That是不可以引导非限制性定语从的;而when和where引导定语从句时不做主语。句意:没有简单的答案,正如科学界的许多情况一样。故选择A。

7.【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构,He may win the competition为主句,剩下的只可以为从句,故先排除B。本题中,in which case引导非限制性定语从句,相当于and in that case。(注:what不可引导定语从句。)故选择A。

8.【解析】考查定语从句。解题关键是判断定语从句关联词的选择方法,即:根据先行词在定语从句中做的成分来判断。本题中先行词letter在从句中做地点状语,因此,正确答案为C。句意:他写了一封信,在信中他解释了事故中发生的一切。(注:what与how都不可以引导定语从句。)故选择C。

9.【 解析】本题考查固定短语在语境中的使用。A.take a share分担……,为……出力 B.take a chance冒险 C.take a turn转弯,转;(情况、形势等)转变 D.take a lead领先,带头。根据本句,for the better的提示,可见是讲转变,变得更好,句意:有了源于其他食品文化的灵感,美国饮食文化可以变得更好。故选择C。

10.【解析】考查定语从句。who指代先行词those(那些人),在从句中做主语,whom不能做主语,which指物,what不能引导定语从句,故选择B。句意:幸福和成功总青睐能善于意识到自己长处的人们。(解题技巧:找主干,析从句。1.找主干:因为主句完整,Happiness and success often come to those.不难看出本题考查定语从句,排除what。

2.析从句:____are good at recognizing their own strengths,缺主语,先排除whom,先行词those(那些人),排除which,故选择who。)故选择B。

11.【 解析】本题考查定语从句。____ lives were affected.是定语从句,修饰those,从句的主语是____ lives,缺修饰语,所以选whose。句意:这本书从经历过地震的人的角度来

讲述地震的故事。故选择A。

12.【解析】本题考查定语从句的连词。空处之后是一个定语从句,先行词是park,在定语从句中作地点状语,“in the park”,故应该选用关系副词where。句意:许多国家都在建立国家公园,可以保护很多动植物。(方法技巧:定语从句中关系词的选择取决于在定语从句中的句法作用,要看它做什么成分,而不是表示什么,如表示时间,地点等的先行词,在定语从句中未必就是做时间或者地点状语,如果是做主语,宾语,表语,那就不能用关系副词when,where,而应该根据具体情况,选用关系代词。)故选择D。

5.2023年高考英语试题分类解析——交际用语 篇五

(一)集合的运算

1.[2014·北京卷] 若集合A={0,1,2,4},B={1,2,3},则A∩B=()

A.{0,1,2,3,4}B.{0,4}C.{1,2}D.{3}

2.[2014·福建卷] 若集合P={x|2≤x<4},Q={x|x≥3},则P∩Q等于()

A.{x|3≤x<4}B.{x|3

3.[2014·广东卷] 已知集合M={2,3,4},N={0,2,3,5},则M∩N=()

A.{0,2}B.{2,3}C.{3,4}D.{3,5}

4.[2014·湖北卷] 已知全集U={1,2,3,4,5,6,7},集合A={1,3,5,6},则∁UA=()

A.{1,3,5,6}B.{2,3,7}C.{2,4,7}D.{2,5,7}

5.[2014·湖南卷] 已知集合A={x|x>2},B={x|1<x<3},则A∩B=()

A.{x|x>2}B.{x|x>1}C.{x|2<x<3}D.{x|1<x<3}

6.[2014·重庆卷] 已知集合A={3,4,5,12,13},B={2,3,5,8,13},则A∩B=________.

7.[2014·江苏卷] 已知集合A={-2,-1,3,4},B={-1,2,3},则A∩B=__

8.[2014·江西卷] 设全集为R,集合A={x|x2-9<0},B={x|-1

A.(-3,0)B.(-3,-1)C.(-3,-1]D.(-3,3)

9.[2014·辽宁卷] 已知全集U=R,A={x|x≤0},B={x|x≥1},则集合∁U(A∪B)=()

A.{x|x≥0}B.{x|x≤1}C.{x|0≤x≤1}D.{x|0<x<1}

10.[2014·全国卷] 设集合M={1,2,4,6,8},N={1,2,3,5,6,7},则M∩N中元素的个数为

A.2B.3C.5D.7

11.[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ] 已知集合A={-2,0,2},B={x|x2-x-2=0},则A∩B=()

A.∅B.{2}C.{0}D.{-2}

12.[2014·全国新课标卷Ⅰ] 已知集合M={x|-1<x<3},N={-2<x<1},则M∩N=()

A.(-2,1)B.(-1,1)C.(1,3)D.(-2,3)

13.[2014·山东卷] 设集合A={x|x2-2x<0},B={x|1≤x≤4},则A∩B=()

A.(0,2]B.(1,2)C.[1,2)D.(1,4)

14.[2014·陕西卷] 设集合M={x|x≥0,x∈R},N={x|x2<1,x∈R},则M∩N=()

A.[0,1]B.(0,1)C.(0,1]D.[0,1)

15.[2014·四川卷] 已知集合A={x|(x+1)(x-2)≤0},集合B为整数集,则A∩B=()

A.{-1,0}B.{0,1}C.{-2,-1,0,1}D.{-1,0,1,2}

16.[2014·浙江卷] 设集合S={x|x≥2},T={x|x≤5},则S∩T=()

A.(-∞,5]B.[2,+∞)C.(2,5)D.[2,5]

(二)命题及其关系、充分条件、必要条件

1.[2014·北京卷] 设a,b是实数,则“a>b”是“a2>b2”的()

A.充分而不必要条件B.必要而不充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件

2.[2014·广东卷] 在△ABC中,角A,B,C所对应的边分别为a,b,c,则“a≤b”是“sin A≤sin B”的()

A.充分必要条件B.充分非必要条件C.必要非充分条件D.非充分非必要条件

3.[2014·江西卷] 下列叙述中正确的是()

A.若a,b,c∈R,则“ax2+bx+c≥0”的充分条件是“b2-4ac≤0”

B.若a,b,c∈R,则“ab2>cb2”的充要条件是“a>c”

C.命题“对任意x∈R,有x2≥0”的否定是“存在x∈R,有x2≥0”

D.l是一条直线,α,β是两个不同的平面,若l⊥α,l⊥β,则α∥β

3.[2014·辽宁卷] 设a,b,c是非零向量,已知命题p:若a·b=0,b·c=0,则=0;命题q:若a∥b,b∥c,则a∥c.则下列命题中真命题是()

A.p∨qB.p∧qC.(綈p)∧(綈q)D.p∨(綈q)

4.[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ] 函数f(x)在x=x0处导数存在.若p:f′(x0)=0,q:x=x0是f(x)的极值点,则()

A.p是q的充分必要条件B.p是q的充分条件,但不是q的必要条件

C.p是q的必要条件,但不是q的充分条件D.p既不是q的充分条件,也不是q的必要条件

4.[2014·山东] 用反证法证明命题“设a,b为实数,则方程x2+ax+b=0至少有一个实根”时,要做的假设是

A.方程x2+ax+b=0没有实根B.方程x2+ax+b=0至多有一个实根

C.方程x2+ax+b=0至多有两个实根D.方程x2+ax+b=0恰好有两个实根

an+an+15.[2014·陕西卷] 原命题为“若2an,n∈N+,则{an}为递减数列”,关于其逆命题,否命

题,逆否命题真假性的判断依次如下,正确的是()

A.真,真,真B.假,假,真C.真,真,假D.假,假,假

6.[2014·浙江卷] 设四边形ABCD的两条对角线为AC,BD,则“四边形ABCD为菱形”是“AC⊥BD”的()

A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件

6.[2014·重庆卷] 已知命题p:对任意x∈R,总有|x|≥0,q:x=1是方程x+2=0的根.则下列命题为真命题的是()

A.p∧綈qB.綈p∧qC.綈p∧綈qD.p∧q

(三)基本逻辑联结词及量词

1.[2014·安徽卷] 命题“∀x∈R,|x|+x2≥0”的否定是().

2A.∀x∈R,|x|+x2<0B.∀x∈R,|x|+x2≤0C.∃x0∈R,|x0|+x20<0D.∃x0∈R,|x0|+x0≥0

2.[2014·福建卷] 命题“∀x∈[0,+∞),x3+x≥0”的否定是()

A.∀x∈(-∞,0),x3+x<0B.∀x∈(-∞,0),x3+x≥0

3C.∃x0∈[0,+∞),x0+x0<0D.∃x0∈[0,+∞),x30+x0≥0

3.[2014·湖北卷] 命题“∀x∈R,x2≠x”的否定是()

2A.∀x∈/R,x2≠xB.∀x∈R,x2=xC.∃x0∈/R,x20≠x0D.∃x0∈R,x0=x0

4.[2014·湖南卷] 设命题p:∀x∈R,x2+1>0,则綈p为()

2A.∃x0∈R,x20+1>0B.∃x0∈R,x0+1≤0

2C.∃x0∈R,x20+1<0D.∀x∈R,x+1≤0

5.[2014·天津卷] 已知命题p:∀x>0,总有(x+1)ex>1,则綈p为()

A.∃x0≤0,使得(x0+1)ex0≤1B.∃x0>0,使得(x0+1)ex0≤1

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