成人高考专升本《生态学基础》模拟试题

2024-06-27

成人高考专升本《生态学基础》模拟试题（精选7篇）

1.成人高考专升本《生态学基础》模拟试题篇一

2012年湖南成人高考专升本生态学基础模拟试题

一、选择题：本大题共30个小题，每小题2分，共60分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题意的。

1、阴性植物的特点是（）

A、光补偿点较高，生长在全光照条件下 B、光补偿点较高，生长在阴湿条件下 C、光补偿点较低，生长在全光照条件下 D、光补偿点较低，生长在阴湿条件下

2、下列植物中，属于长日照植物的是（）A、水稻

B、玉米 C、大豆

D、冬小麦

3、有效积温则公式中，TO为（）A、平均温度

B、生物学零度 C、有效积温

D、天数

4、早生植物的特点是（）

A、根系发达，叶表面积较小

B、根系发达，叶表面积较大 C、根系不发达，叶表面积较小

D、根系不发达，叶表面积较大

5、最有利于植物生长的土壤结构是（）A、块状结构

B、团粒结构 C、核状结构

D、片状结构

6、土壤细菌和豆科植物的根系所形成的共生体称为（）A、菌根

B、根瘤 C、菌丝

D、子实体

7、在单向风的影响下，树木对风适应的明显形态特征是（）A、矮化

B、顶冠 C、根系发达

D、旗冠

8、在北半球中纬度的山区，阳坡的环境特点是（）

A、温度较高，相对湿度较小

B、温度较高，相对湿度较大 C、温度较低，相对湿度较小

D、温度较低，相对湿度较大

9、仅由树木构成的防护林带，风可以从林冠的上方和下方通过，这种林带的结构是（）A、疏选结构

B、紧密结构

C、稀疏结构

D、通风结构

10、当潮湿气团越过大型山脉时，在迎风侧形成降水，而在背风侧形成干热气候，使山脉的两侧分布着截然不同的植被类型，这称为（）A、焚风效应

B、山风效应 C、谷风效应

D、陆风效应

11、种群是指（）

A、一定空间内同种个体的集合B、不同空间内同种个体的集合

C、一定空间内所有种的集合D、不同空间内所有种的集合

12、一个种群内，不同年龄阶段的个体数量，幼年最多，老年最少，中年居中，这个种群的年龄结构型为（）

A、稳定型

B、增长型 C、衰退型

D、混合型 2

13、种群平衡是指（）

A、种群的出生率和死亡率均为零

B、种群数量在较长时期内维持在几乎同一水平C、种群迁入和迁出相等

D、种群的出生率和死亡率相等

14、从种群数量变动的角度来看，沿海的“赤潮”现象，属于（）A、周期性波动

B、种群爆发 C、不规则波动

D、季节性消长

15、生态系统这一概念是由（）首次提出的。A、奥德姆

B、林德曼 C、达尔文

D、坦斯利

16、法瑞学派群落分类方法的基础是（）A、演替原则

B、植物区系 C、植被型

D、群落生态

17、我国东北大兴安岭地区森林群落优势种是（）A、蒙古标

B、长白落叶松 C、红松

D、兴安落叶松

18、乔木树种的生活型为（）

A、地面芽植物

B、地上芽植物 C、地下芽植物

D、高位芽植物

19、原始森林遭到破坏后，形成森林的过程为（）A、原生演替

B、次生演替 C、水生演替

D、旱生演替 20、单元顶级学说中的“顶级”是指（）A、气候项级

B、偏途顶级 C、土壤顶级

D、地形项级

21、常绿阔叶林的分布区域是（）A、温带

B、热带 C、亚热带

D、寒温带

22、与森林生态系统相比，农田生态系统的下列哪种生产力指标与总生产力的比值相对较高（）

A、初级总生产力

B、初级净生产力 C、群落净生产力

D、次级生产力

23、人类对作物补加能源的作用主要是（）A、改善环境

B、消灭竞争者 C、增加总生产量

D、增加净生产量

24、初级生产力最高的区域是（）A、海洋

B、草原 C、海陆交接地带

D、荒漠

25、生产力和生物量最大的生态系统类型是（）A、草原

B、森林

C、海洋

D、农田

26、下列生态系统中，属于人工生态系统的是（）A、湖泊

B、草原

C、果园

D、热带雨林

27、下列能源中，属于可再生能源的是（）3 A、石油

B、天然气

C、煤

D、水能

28、群落演替在后期的成熟阶段（）

A、总生产量与生物量的比值最高

B、总生产量、净生产量达到最大 C、总生产量大于总呼吸量

D、总生产量与总呼吸量大体相等

29、防治害虫时，应该做到（）

A、彻底消灭害虫种群

B、保护天敌 C、保护食物链的完整性

D、保护害虫种群 30、地球上可利用的淡水资源占地球总水量的比例约为（）A、3%

B、0.5% C、20%

D、万分之一

二、填空题：本大题共25个小题，共25个空，每空1分，共25分。把答案填在题中横线上。

31、能够被植物叶绿素吸收利用的太阳辐射称______。

32、根据降水量的不同，我国从东南到西北可以划分三个等雨量区，分别分布着不同的植被，这三个区是______、干旱区和荒漠区。

33、土壤满足生物对水、肥、气、热要求的能力称为______。

34、风将植物的种子吹到一个新的地点而发芽生长的过程，称为______。

35、地形是通过改变其他生态因子而对生物产生影响的，所以地形称为______生态因子。

36、根据生境类型，生态学可分为陆地生态学、海洋生态学、淡水生态学和______ 四类。

37、种群的自动调节可分为行为调节、______和遗传调节三类。

38、竞争排斥原理又叫______。

39、当资源不足的时候，物种之间为利用资源而产生的竞争称为______。40、某种群在一个有限的环境中所能稳定达到的最大数量或最大密度，即为该环境对该种群的______。

41、单位面积上或单位体积中种群的个体数量称为______。

42、由于人类和其他生物的携带，将某种生物带人新的适宜栖息繁衍的地区，使其快速扩展，不利于原有物种的生存，这种现象称为______。

43、在最适宜的条件下，种群所表现出来的最大增长率称为______。

44、演替按基质的性质可划分为______和农生演替两类。

45、生物群落的季节变化受环境条件特别是受______周期变化所制约。

46、森林群落通常可划分为乔木层、灌木层、草本层和______四个层次。

47、生态位的数量特征主要是______和生态位重叠。

48、次级生产力最高的生态系统是______。

49、大多数情况下，陆地生态系统的净生产量大部分要进入食物链中的______链。50、林德曼效率又叫______。

51、营养物质循环的后期与前期相比，封闭性增强，循环速度______。

52、生态系统的生物生产功能包括______存性生产和动物性生产两部分。

53、反馈控制是生态系统的稳态机制之一，但只有______反馈才能控制种群密度过度增长。

54、调和人与自然的矛盾，要实行利用与保护兼顾的策略，用而有度，主要是坚持收获量小于______的原则。

55、人类活动造成的水污染源有工：业污染源、农业污染源和______污染源。4

三、简答题：本大题共4个小题，每小题10分，共40分。

56、简述生态因子的作用规律。

57、植物对水分的适应类型有哪些？

58、植物群落的基本特征有哪些？

59、生态平衡包括哪些具体内容？

四、论述题：本大题满分25分。60、论述生态学的基本视角。

2.成人高考专升本《生态学基础》模拟试题篇二

教育的根本目标是育人,从数学学科的角度来说就是要发展学生的认知能力. 只有充分挖掘数学知识蕴含的价值,在兼顾高考的同时注重课堂教学品味的提升,提高课堂教学的思想性.“学之道在于悟,教之道在于度”. 双基是考生继续深造的“根”,是数学素养的“根”,更是教学目标的“根”. 如何把握双基,做到张弛有度?

笔者认为在复习中对章节起始课、数学核心概念、立体几何和解析几何的交汇、平面向量在直角坐标系的渗透、函数零点问题这些核心的、重要的、难理解的内容一定要知根溯源、循序渐进且要浓墨重彩,进而达到举一反三、触类旁通.

一、品2015 年高考数学试题

(一)挖掘数学的“根”———核心概念

数学概念是人类对现实世界空间形式和数量关系的概括反映,是建立数学法则、公式、定理的基础,也是运算、推理、判断和证明的基石. 李邦河院士认为:“数学根本上是玩概念的,不是玩技巧,技巧不足道也!”数学概念高度凝结着数学家的思维,是数学地认识事物的思想精华,其中蕴含了最丰富的创新教育素材. 数学核心概念正是教师领会新课程精神、创新课堂教学的好机会,也更能够彰显数学育人的价值. 复习中应适当启发、突出概念的生成,让学生体会数学的本质所在,进而实现减负增效.

椭圆(a>b>0)的右焦点F(c,0)关于直线的对称点Q在椭圆上,则椭圆的离心率为__.[2015年浙江省数学高考(文科)第15题]

这是一道求椭圆离心率的问题,条件简洁、问题清楚,给人感觉入手容易,但实际计算起来比较困难.其实本题涉及如下方面:对题意的理解与转化;对解法的选择和优化;对计算能力的要求.

解法1 根据条件,“直译”题目,直接转化,先利用点关于直线对称,计算出右焦点的对称点坐标,再代入到椭圆的方程,化简得到关系,从而求出离心率. 但是整个过程不仅计算量大,而且对含字母的运算能力要求较高,其实大部分学生是很难独立完成的,也就出现了起点低、落脚难的尴尬境地.

对于上述问题在条件中给出了椭圆的两个焦点(或一个焦点,此时需要创设另一个焦点),往往可以构建焦点三角形,根据椭圆的定义,求出离心率的值或范围,同时这种依托定义的方法,我们也可以推广到双曲线或椭圆与双曲线综合离心率问题中去. 详见如下解法.

解法2如图1,设椭圆的左焦点为F′(-c,0),连结QF′,设QF与直线交于点M.由题意可知M为线段QF的中点,且OM⊥QF,而O为线段FF′的中点,故OM为△FF′Q的中位线.在Rt△OMF中,tan∠MOF=b/c,从而cos∠MOF=c/a,sin∠MOF=b/a,由|OF|=c,可得,,故.根据椭圆的定义得|QF′|+|QF|=2a,从而,整理得b=c,

(二)审视数学的“根”———通性通法

对于空间向量体系的认识,学生往往都是“我的眼里只有你———单位正交基”,而有些教师也往往固化了学生的思维,高喊“有墙脚就用墙脚,没墙脚就挖墙脚”. 空间直角坐标系只是一组特殊的基底,而在基底的选择上,只要满足大小、夹角,都可以建立解决问题的体系.我们不妨来审视一下下面的题目.

本题通过空间向量的平台,利用不等关系,体现最小值的本质. 问题的结构特点给考生多角度思考的空间,同时也丰富了填空题的形式,出现一题三空间,空间相制约的现象.

解法1(坐标法)建立如图2的空间直角坐标系,其中e1=(1,0,0,),,设b=(m,n,t),则e1·b=m=2,,从而,由|b-(xe1+ye2)|≥|b-(x0e1+y0e2)|=1(x0,y0∈R),即.对任意的x0,y0∈R恒成立,从而当时,t2=1,故.此时b-(e1+2e2)=(0,0,t),与z轴平行,即与e1,e2确定的平面垂直.

解法2(基底法)如图3,分析题意可知x,y∈R,|b-(xe1+ye2)|≥|b-(x0e1+y0e2)|=1(x0,y0∈R),把向量e1,e2,b共起点,记起点为O,向量b的终点到确定的平面的距离为1,引入单位向量e3,记b=x0e1+y0e2+e3.对于上式分别和e1,e2作数量积,可得方程组图 3,从而解得故

对于此题有多种解法,但是引入空间向量却是最简单的解法. 要求学生对向量加减法的几何含义有充分的认识,当向量e1,e2,b共起点时,|b-(xe1+ye2) |表示向量b的终点到e1,e2确定的平面上的点的距离. 从而利用空间向量基本定理,借助几何图形,简洁明快地解决问题. 向量是沟通代数和几何的桥梁,将向量引入高中数学的一个重要原因就是它既有代数形式又有几何特点,通过几何法可以轻松解决问题,减少烦琐的运算,这是我们在教学中要逐步渗透给学生的,教学中要强化基底意识,强化坐标意识,强化几何意识,深入研究通性通法才能收到“解一题,通一类”的效果.

(三)把握解题的“根”———数学思维

在中学数学的教学中,解题教学不是全部,但确确实实是教学的大部分. 章建跃博士说:解题教学没有错,通过解题,学生可以加深概念的理解,深化对概念联系性的认识,优化数学认知结构,训练数学思维,提高分析问题和解决问题的能力———是中学数学教学的主要内容. 可见数学思维的形成中三种语言的转化对知识的理解及相互关联、解题方法的改进和创新等有着举足轻重的影响.

设n∈N*,xn是曲线y=x2n+2+1 在点(1,2)处的切线与x轴交点的横坐标.(Ⅰ)求数列的通项公式;(Ⅱ)记Tn=x12·x22…x22n-1,证明.[2015 年安徽省数学高考(理科)第18 题]

本题综合考查了函数、导数、数列、不等式证明等相关知识点,下面的几种解法从不同的角度揭示学生在解题中的思维转化过程.

解完此题不妨设想Tn是否有上限,此题是否可以灵活改编.我们不妨给学生如下视角的结论让学生尝试.

视角1:Tn=x12·x32…x2n-12,证明:

视角2:Tn=x22·x42…x2n2,证明:

视角3:Tn=x12·x22…xn2,证明:0<Tn≤1/4.

二、对2016 年高三数学复习教学的建设

(一)尊重考纲导向———题有边界,训练有方

考纲与课标本身就是对历年高考命题和复习的指导,同时也是教师和学生的复习指南. 我们要对考纲细细研读,围绕其展开复习,立足有价值的例题和试题引导学生探究、对比、总结提炼、反思解题,内化为学生真正的知识结构.

(二)强化核心考点———题千变万化,法不离其宗

核心概念既要继承双基的教学传统,挖掘内涵和外延,更要让学生通过自主探究建构概念的形成过程,体会其数学本质. 对于解题,方法不在巧,在得当;方法不在多,在优化;通性通法和概念教学相结合,才能做到成竹在胸,游刃有余.

(三)提升数学能力———题纵横联合,意胸中有丘壑

数学中知识往往是要求多次出现,螺旋上升,复习中合理定位,注重前后联系,横纵对比,在解题中让学生领悟数学的本真. 如果静下心来,梳理思绪,细致研究,多角度观察,整合细微之处,既可以拓展解题思路,发散思维,更重要的是,长此以往,共同探究,潜移默化,学生的思维能力将会大大提高. 教师的当务之急是调整课堂结构,优化复习体系,做到基础与能力并重,回归本质,回归学生.

高中数学是“玩概念”的,应该重视概念的理解,重视通性通法,通过“玩概念”培养学生的思维能力与计算能力,只有夯实基础,才能无往不胜.

摘要：高考试题内涵丰富、富有启迪性,不仅考查学生学习数学应具备的数学素养和潜能,更侧重考查学生对数学本质的理解.教师唯有细品高考试题,帮助学生寻根溯源、自主建构,体会数学本真,将通性通法与核心概念教学相结合才能集高考之大成!

3.成人高考专升本《生态学基础》模拟试题篇三

一、试题特点分析

1.突出主干基础知识，涉及隐含基础知识

历史基础知识是指重要的历史年代、主要历史人物、重大历史事件和最基本的历史概念。新课标规定高中生所掌握的基本历史应是历史发展进程中的重大历史问题。第28题所呈现的“哥白尼的‘日心说”、“伽利略的试验科学”、“牛顿的经典力学”、“达尔文的生物进化论”是近代自然科学发展中的主干基础知识。

隐含基础知识是指隐藏于主干基础知识之下，与主干知识紧密相关的基础知识。隐含知识往往是课程标准、考试大纲与教材鲜有提及，但必须挖掘、拓展的知识。“哥白尼的‘日心说”就属于此方面的隐含知识。

2.一题一专题，考查容量大

通过专题呈现考题逐渐成为高考试题命制的趋势与特点，一道选择题往往是一个单元主题的浓缩、一段历史阶段特征的总结。第28题考查了近代以来世界科学发展的主要轨迹，考查了近代科学的独立、奠基、形成与拓展过程，这种以专题形式呈现的试题形式也恰恰符合了新课程以来以模块组织教学的特点。

3.关注热点，突出现实

第28题关注的是科学发展问题，隐含着对现实的关注，不仅如此，该题还巧妙地切入了周年热点问题，2013年是哥白尼（1473—1543）诞生540周年，命题者以隐性的方式，通过引用恩格斯的材料来设问，以此考查与时代热点密切相关的历史知识，突出反映了历史学关注现实发展与社会进步的学科价值。

4.设问精巧，强调理解

从近几年新课程高考试题来看，新材料、新情境、新问题的“三新”试题逐渐成为命题主流。第28题以恩格斯对近代自然科学的评价为材料来设置问题，“自然科学的独立宣言”是指近代自然科学从宗教神学中脱离出来而成为独立发展的学科体系。哥白尼的“日心说”最早否定了宗教神学深信的“地心说”，宣告了科学的独立；伽利略的试验科学开创了近代科学，为经典力学的创立和发展奠定了基础；牛顿创立的经典力学标志着近代科学的形成；达尔文的生物进化论把发展变化思想引入生物界，开创了生物科学发展的新时代。该题要求学生综合对比四个选项，在深刻理解四位科学家的成就与特点的情况下作出正确选择。

二、基础知识复习策略

1.以主干知识为主，隐含知识为辅

教师在复习教学中应依托课程标准与教材，着力做好主干基础知识复习，除准确、全面、深刻把握具体史实、基本概念、理论观点外，更应多方位、多层次、多角度进行分析与比较，使学生既能深刻理解概念的内涵与外延，又能在解题过程中灵活运用。教师要善于挖掘隐含知识，理解隐含知识的原因、特点、影响与评价等，帮助学生形成具体历史问题的多元认识。

2.运用联系的方法组织知识，形成整体架构

联系方法是基础知识整合的有效方法。联系有纵向联系和横向联系。纵向联系有助于学生加深对历史史实本身的理解掌握。横向联系有助于学生加深对历史阶段总体特征的把握。第28题是有关近代科学在不同时期的贡献、发展，属于纵向串联方面的考查。现行教材以政治、经济、思想文化三大模块组织教学，由于各模块之间各有侧重、彼此独立，因此，只有把相关历史放在特定的历史环境中去联系对比才能理解更全面、更深刻。

3.以时间为脉络，突出热点，关注现实

历史是随着时间而发展的，任何史实都可放在时间的大坐标中定位。时间有两类：一类是历史时间。历史的连续性和规律性是通过按时间先后顺序发生的历史现象和历史事件体现的。教师在基础知识复习中必须引导学生关注历史时间，必须培养学生的时序性思维。另一类时间是现实时间。即任何一个历史史实都可与现实时间发生联系。教师在基础知识复习过程中应引导学生既依托课本又能跳出课本去关注社会的各种现实问题，运用历史学科独特的视角去审视、理解、洞悉现实热点、焦点与周年等问题。

4.研读高考真题，提高复习效果

新课改以来，国家以高考试题来推动课程改革、推动教学改革的意图日益彰显。教师通过研读高考真题，把握命题者的立意旨趣，提炼试题的关键信息，以此指导复习，能有效提升复习效果。以第28题为例，通过恩格斯评价入题，在2010年新课程全国文综卷第40题第3小问已出现，该题要求学生阐述对恩格斯关于资本主义发展的“历史前提”的认识。而且，对哥白尼、牛顿等科学家的考查在2011年新课程全国文综卷第35题就已出现，教师在复习中如能对该题仔细解读，无疑对2013年的第28题的作答大有裨益。

4.成人高考专升本《生态学基础》模拟试题篇四

1、单项选择题：

如果能很快地、准确地把正确答案找出来最好，如果没有把握，就应采用排除法，即应从排除最明显的`错误备选项开始，把接近正确答案的备选项留下，再分析比较剩下的备选项，进一步逐一否定，最终选定正确答案。

其实，许多单项选择题的4个备选项中，除1个正确外，其余3个并非完全错误，只是不符合此题目的要求而已，有的备选项是命题者从其他章节中移植过来作为干扰项。看一下题目顺序，再回忆对照教材的顺序，就能作出正确选择。

2、填空题：

要求会做的作对，不会的从选择题的选项中找相关的内容填写。

3、判断题：

如果能很快地、准确地做出判断最好，如果没有把握，就应采用排除法，或者从试卷里找到类似的内容来判断对错。

4、简答题：

要努力地搜索记忆中的答案要点，作答时，答案要有层次性，要突出要点并且工整地写在试卷上，语言要做到简洁明了。不管想出了几点，作答时一定要分段，切忌把几个要点写在一个自然段之中。

5、论述题：

5.成人高考专升本语文模拟试题篇五

(1)每条岭都是那么温柔，自山脚至岭顶长满了珍贵的树木，谁也不孤峰突起，盛气凌人。

(2)一串串宝石般的水珠飞腾着，飞腾着，落进深潭。

(3)工人叔叔吼一吼，地球也要抖三抖。

(4)是什么?这是我们中国人的志气。

A.设问比喻夸张拟人

B.拟人比喻夸张设问

C.拟人对偶比喻设问

D.比喻拟人夸张设问

17.下列两组句子中加点的词的意义或用法相同的是 ( )

18.下列句子翻译错误的一项是 ( )

A.生生所资，未见其术

译文：找不到维持生计的办法。

B.家叔以余贫苦，遂见用于小邑译文：叔父因为看到我贫苦就加以推荐，于是被任命为小城的官吏。

C.因事顺心，命篇日《归去来兮》

译文：因为事情很顺心，写了一篇文章叫做《归去来兮》。

D.饥冻虽切，违已交病

译文：饥冻虽是急迫之事，但违背自己本心就会使人感到十分痛苦。

19.下列加点字，解释错误的一项是 ( )

A.脱然有怀，求之靡途靡：没有

B.于时**未静，心惮远役惮：害怕

C.彭泽去家百里去：距离

D.寻程氏妹丧于武昌，情在骏奔寻：寻找

20.下列各组句子中，加点词的意义和用法相同的一项是 ( )

二、文言文阅读：21～29小题，共30分。

(一)阅读下面一段课文，回答下列21～23小题。

臣密言：臣以险衅，夙遭闵凶。生孩六月，憩父见背。行年四岁，舅夺母志。祖母刘愍臣孤弱，躬亲抚养。臣少多疾病，九岁不行，零丁孤苦，至于成立。既无叔伯，终鲜兄弟。门衰祚薄，晚有儿息。外无期功强近之亲，内无应门五尺之僮，茕茕孑立，形影相吊。而夙孚疾病，常在床蓐。臣侍汤药，未尝废离。

21.解释文中加点字的含义。(4分)

成立：

祚薄：

儿息：

婴：

22.将“外无期功强近之亲，内无应门五尺之僮。茕茕孑立，形影相吊.”译成现代汉语。(4分)

23.这段文字中有哪些沿用至今的成语?(2分)

(二)阅读《山居秋暝》，回答下列24―26小题。

空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。明月松间照，清泉石上流。竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟。随意春芳歇，王孙自可留。

24.如何理解这首诗中以动写静、动静相衬的表现手法?(4分)

25.分析《山居秋暝》这首诗所表现出来的“诗中有画”的特点。(4分)

26.这首诗中表现了诗人怎样的情趣?(2分)

(三)阅读《冯谖客孟尝君》中的一段文字，回答下列27～29小题。

齐人有冯谖者，贫乏不能自存。使人属孟尝君，愿寄食门下。孟尝君日：“客何好?”日：“客无好也。”曰“客何能?”日：“客无能也。”孟尝君笑而受之，日：“诺。”左右以君贱之也，食以草具。居有顷，倚柱弹其剑，歌日：“长铗归来乎!食无鱼。”左右以告。孟尝君日：“食之，比门下之鱼客。，，居有顷，复弹其铗，歌日：“长铗归来乎!出无车。”左右皆笑之，以告。孟尝君日：“为之驾，比门下之车客。”于是乘其车，揭其剑，过其友，日：“孟尝君客我!”后有顷，复弹其剑铗，歌曰：“长铗归来乎!无以为家。”左右皆恶之，以为贪而不知足。孟尝君问：“冯公有亲乎?”对日：“有老母。”孟尝君使人给其食用，无使乏。于是冯谖不复歌。

27.冯谖弹铗而歌，当时人们认为他是怎样的一个人?(4分)

28.这段选文刻画冯谖时运用了哪些方法?(4分)

6.成人高考专升本《生态学基础》模拟试题篇六

Ⅰ.Phonetics(10 points)Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D.Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.A.club B.tomb C.comb D.climb 2.A.food B.cool C.school D.flood 3.A.town B.how C.down D.snow 4.A.each B.peach C.break D.deal 5.A.hear B.fear C.dear D.wear 6.A.receive B.friend C.field D.piece 7.A.question B.notion C.exception D.vocation 8.A.exhaust B.exercise C.exam D.exact 9.A.where B.what C.whose D.white 10.A.switch B.hatch C.character D.match

Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure(40 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.11.Today is Jenny’s wedding day.She _______ to Thomas.A.just has got married B.has just married C.was just married D.has just got married 12.Every officer and every soldier _______ obey the rules.A.had to B.have to C.has to D.must have to 13.Rarely _______ so difficult a problem.A.she could have faced with B.could have she faced with C.she could have been faced with D.could she have been faced with 14.______ a dog on the road, the car stopped.A.Having seen B.On seeing C.The driver seeing D.Seeing 15.I asked my teacher _______.A.what courses should I take B.should I take what courses C.I should take what courses D.what courses I should take 16.Comrade Li promised to help us and he said he would come ______.A.right away B.all at once C.all of a sudden D.all right 17.There aren’t many pandas ________ in the world today.A.alive B.living C.lively D.lived 18.Such electron tubes ________ in a radio set are also found in a TV set.A.that we use B.as we use C.as we use them D.that we use them 19.It _______ to me that he was jealous.A.happened B.took C.occurred D.felt 20.One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ______ to its burning temperature.A.were heated B.must be heated C.is heated D.be heated 21.Please ______ me at the station on time.A.meeting B.to meet C.meet D.met 22._______ “hello”, he reached out his hand.A.Said B.Saying C.To say D.Say 23.People are more _______ to spend money on goods with an attractive look than those without.A.attracted B.tempted C.persuaded D.tended 24.It was ______ he saw the doctor coming out of the emergeney room with an expression as grave as a judge _______ he realized the seriousness of his wife’s illness.A.not until…that B.after…when C.until…then D.before…that 25.Please telephone me half an hour _______.A.in charge B.in advance C.in time D.in front 26.Both Mary and Ellen, as well as Jan, _______ studying Chinese History.A.are B.is C.are being D.is being 27.I’d like to _______ him to you for the job.He is a very clever and industrious boy.A.refer B.suggest C.recommend D.propose 28.It ______ that 200 people died and over 5,000 lost their shelters after the flood.A.reported B.reports C.has been reported D.has reported 29.He was asked to speak louder ______ all the other students in the classroom could hear him.A.as B.so as to C.so that D.so as 30.His report on the space exploration was really ________.A.exciting B.excited C.excitement D.excitedly 31.Your chair needs _______.A.to repair B.repairing C.to repairing D.being repair 32.I hate to see papers _______ in pencil.A.writing B.to write C.written D.write 33.The job made her dependent _______ her husband.A.on B.from C.of D.to 34.This is the second time she ______ improvement on that equipment.A.had made B.made C.is making D.has made 35.He spoke so quickly that I did not ______ what he said.A.catch B.accept C.take D.listen 36._______determines a good meal varies from country to country.A.What B.That C.It D.Which 37.As the journey was a long one, he took a friend with him for ________.A.pleasure B.entertainment C.company D.defence 38.I suggest _______ for an outgoing this Sunday.A.us going B.we are going C.to go D.our going 39.We’ve ______ sugar.Ask him to lend us some.A.run away with B.run down C.run off D.run out of 40.It was in 1930 _______ he became a university student.A.when B.that C.which D.and 41.I am very _______ to you for your help.A.grateful B.agreeable C.pleased D.thanks 42.You _______ go now.It’s very late.A.had rather B.prefer to C.had better D.would rather 43.If I were you, I would take it easy, _______ is no need to be nervous.A.it B.this C.there D.which 44.Why not _______ me earlier? A.to tell B.tell C.telling D.told 45.Joe’s handwriting is ________ Mary’s.A.more better B.as well as C.much better than D.more better than 46.The experiment _______ the discovery of a cure for cancer.A.happened to B.led up C.resulted in D.set up 47.To produce one pound of honey, a colony of bees must fly a distance _______ to twice around the world.A.similar B.equal C.compared D.corresponding 48.I did not mean ____ anything, but those apples looked so good I couldn’t resist ___one.A.to eat…trying B.to eat…to trying C.eating…to try D.eating…to trying 49.I had hardly sat down _______ he stepped in.A.when B.that C.until D.after 50.In his time he enjoyed a reputation _______.A.as great as Mozart, if not greater than B.as great as, if not greater than, Mozart C.as great, if not greater, as Mozart D.greater, if not as great as Mozart

Ⅲ.Cloze(20 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blankening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Robert Edwards was blinded in a traffic accident.He was also a little deaf _51_ old age.Last week, he was taking a walk near his home when a thunderstorm came.He hid _52_ the storm under a big tree and was struck by lightning.He was knocked _53_ the ground and woke up some 20 minutes _54_, lying face down in water in water below a tree.He went into the house and lay down in bed.A short time later, he awoke;his legs felt _55_ and he was trembling, but, when he opened his eyes, he could see the clock across the room fading in and out in front of him.When his wife entered, he _56_ her for the first time in nine years.Doctors _57_ that he had regained his sight and hearing obviously from the flash of lightning, but they were unable to explain that.The only _58_ explanation offered by one doctor was that, _59_ Edwards lost his sight as a result of trauma in a terrible accident, perhaps the only way it could be restored was by _60_ trauma.51.A.because B.because of C.as D.since 52.A.from B.away C.against D.contrary 53.A.at B.in C.to D.on 54.A.late B.soon C.later D.after 55.A.dying B.dead C.die D.being died

56.A.saw B.watched C.noticed D.examined 57.A.say B.thought over C.made sure D.agreed to 58.A.possibly B.possible C.probably D.mainly 59.A.although B.because of C.even though D.since 60.A.others B.other C.another D.one other Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension(60 points)Directions: There are four reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by five questions.For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage One In ancient times wealth was measured and exchanged in things that could be touched: food, tools, and precious metals and stones.Then the barter system was replaced by coins, which still had real value since they were pieces of rare metal.Coins were followed by fiat money, paper notes that have value only because everyone agrees to accept them.Today electronic monetary systems are gradually being introduced that will transform money into even less tangible forms, reducing it to a series of “bits and bytes”, or units of computerized information, going between machines at the speed of light.Already, electronic fund transfer allows money to be instantly sent and received by different banks, companies, and countries through computers and telecommunications devices.61.Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage? A.International Banking Policies B.The History of Monetary Exchange

C.The Development of Paper Currencies D.Current Problems in the Economy 62.According to the passage, which of the following was the earliest kind of exchange of wealth? A.Bartered foods B.Fiat money C.Coin currency D.Intangible forms

63.The author mentions food, tools and precious metals and stones together because they are all ________.A.useful items B.articles of value C.difficult things to obtain D.material objects 64.According to the passage, coins once had real value as currency because they ______.represented a great improvement over barter permitted easy transportation of wealth were made of precious metals could become collector’s items

65.Which of the following statements about computerized monetary systems is NOT supported by the passage? They promote international trade.They allow very rapid money transfers.They are still limited to small transactions(交易).They are dependent on good telecommunications systems.Passage Two At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings.For the first group the room was painted white;for the second, dark brown.Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet.The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one.Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner.Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside.Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented.Three groups of people were used;each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room—a nice office.The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting.Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did.Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.66.Which of the following is the best expression of the main idea of this passage? People in beautiful rooms tend to give higher marks to photos of faces than people in ugly rooms The color and general appearance of a room have a deeper effect on the behavior of the people in it

The University of Kansas has studied the effects of the color of room on people’s behavior

Beautifully furnished, light-coloured rooms make people more comfortable than ugly, dark rooms 67.According to the passage, we may conclude that the whiter a room is ________.A.the longer people like to stay in it B.the sooner people in it will leave C.the more active people in it will become D.the more excited people 68.What is referred to as the “general appearance” in this passage is ________.how many broad windows a room has, through which sunlight might come in the size of a room whether there are beautiful walls in a room what the room looks like 69.This passage provides us with _______.A.a piece of scientific information B.a normal lesson C.an interesting test D.a piece of news 70.At least how many tests were carried out by the scientists referred to in this passage? A.Three B.Two C.Only one D.No one knows

Passage Three The water we drink and use is running short in the world.We all have to learn how to stop wasting our limited water.One of the steps we should take is to find ways of reusing it.Experiments have already been done in this field.Today in most large cities, fresh water is used only once, then it runs into waste system.But it is possible to pipe the used water to a purifying factory.There it can be filtered and treated with chemicals so that it can be used again, just as it were fresh from a spring.But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough.Then we could turn to the oceans.All we’d have to do to make use of the seawater on earth is to get rid of the salt.This process is called desalinization, and it is already in use in many parts of the world.71.The way to stop wasting our limited water is to ________.A.do experiments with water B.purify the used water and reuse it C.use fresh water once again D.make use of seawater 72.The following tells us how to reuse the used water.Which is the right order of the passage? A.to have the used water filtered B.to put chemicals in it C.to pipe it to the users D.to pipe the used water to be purified to a factory 73.There wouldn’t be enough water for us if we didn’t _________.A.turn to the oceans for more water B.reuse used water and make use of seawater C.desalt seawater D.take steps to reuse all water on earth 74.The would “it” in the last sentence refers to _______.A.seawater B.purified water C.the process of getting rid of the salt in seawater D.the process of collecting salt from the sea oceans 75.The best title for the passage is “_______”.A.How to Reuse Water

B.Two Solutions to the Problem of Water Shortage C.Stop Wasting Our Limited Water D.How to Make Use of Seawater

Passage Four Some people hate everything that is modern.They cannot imagine how anyone can really like modern music;they find it hard to accept the new fashions in clothing;they think that all modern painting is ugly;and they seldom have a good word for the new buildings that are being built everywhere in the world.Such people look for perfection in everything, and they take their standards of perfection from the past.They are usually impatient with anyone who is brave enough to experiment with new or to express himself or the age in materials original ways.It is, of course, true that many artists do not succeed in their work and instead produce works that can only be considered as failures.If the work of art is a painting, the artist’s failure concerns himself alone, but if it is a building, his failure concerns others too, because it may damage the beauty of the whole place.This does sometimes happen, but it is completely untrue to say, as some people do, that modern architecture is nothing.We can’t judge every modern building by the standards of the ancient time, even though we admire the ancient buildings.Technologically, the modern buildings are more advanced.The modern architect knows he should learn from the ancient works, but with his greater resources of knowledge and materials, he will never be content to imitate the past.He is too proud to do that.76.Some people hate everything that is modern because _______.A.they are aged B.they find it hard to accept modern things C.they take their standards of perfection from the Greek D.they look at things by the standards of the past 77.The writer of the passage thinks that ________.it is true to say artists fail in their work it is untrue to say artists fail in their work it is true to say some artists fail in their work it is true to say only painters fail in their work 78.The writer thinks the failure of a building _______.A.means nothing B.concerns others C.concerns only the artist D.concerns all the people in the world 79.The writer thinks that _________.we can’t judge buildings by the ancient standards

we can’t judge all the buildings by the ancient standards

we can’t judge all the modern buildings by the ancient standards we can’t judge modern buildings

80.Technologically, the modern buildings are more advanced.The sentence means _____.the ancient architects had no technology the modern architects use more advanced technology the modern buildings are advanced because they are completely different from the ancient buildings the modern buildings are more beautiful

Ⅴ.Writing(20 points)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a short composition of about 80 words on the title: Where to Live-in the City or in the Country? Base your composition on the outline given below.1．一些人喜欢住在城市，因为城市生活有许多便利。2．但有些人喜欢住在农村。3．我认为，……

参考答案 Ⅰ.Phonetics 1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure 11．D 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．D 16．A 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．D 21．C 22．B 23．B 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．C 29．C 30．A 31．B 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．A 36．A 37．C 38．D 39．D 40．B 41．A 42．C 43．C 44．B 45．C 46．C 47．B 48．A 49．A 50．B Ⅲ.Cloze 51．B 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．B 56．A 57．C 58．B 59．D 60．C Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension 61．B 62．A 63．D 64．C 65．C 66．B 67．A 68．D 69．A 70．A 71．B 72．A 73．B 74．C 75．B 76．D 77．C 78．B 79．C 80．B Ⅴ.Writing

Where to live —in the City or in the Country Some people like living in the city because city life has many advantages.They think there are more job opportunities in cities, life there is more colorful and meaningful than that in the country, and there are more modern conveniences in cities for people to enjoy.But some other people prefer to live in the countryside.They say life in the countryside is closer to nature and better for their health, life there is quieter and that country people are more honest than city people.I would like to live in a city when I am young to earn enough money and I live in the countryside when I am old for having a quite life.2009成人高考专升本英语模拟试题二

Ⅰ.Phonetics(10 points)Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D.Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.A.mark B.warm C.ward D.war 2.A.three B.those C.thank D.theatre 3.A.wind B.kind C.find D.mind 4.A.plant B.craft C.grasp D.at 5.A.now B.knowledge C.bow D.allow 6.A.says B.plays C.stays D.days 7.A.leave B.scream C.head D.lead 8.A.resemble B.resist C.resolve D.respect 9.A.fault B.daughter C.cause D.laugh 10.A.crew B.new C.few D.dew

16._______ as he is, he can’t understand the English film.A.A student of English B.Though a student of English C.Student of English D.Being a student of English 17.The old in the country _______ taken good care of.A.have B.has C.is D.are 18.Not a single mistake _______ in the test.A.he made B.did he make C.he has made D.made he 19.______ my surprise, I got a high grade in this test.A.For B.To C.To be D.On 20.She never agree _______ you, did she? A.to B.with C.in D.at 21.Would you mind _______ a photo of you? A.me take B.to take C.my taking D.me to take 22.The lady treats the boy well as if he ______ her own son.A.is B.was C.were D.would be 23._______ round the city, we were impressed by the city’s new look.A.Taken B.Taking C.To be taken D.Being taken 24.He had a pain _______ his back.A.on B.with C.in D.onto 25.The city _______ I was born is on the new railway line.A.which B.that C.on which D.where 26.I had _______ that I would always remember it.A.so a good experience B.such a good experience C.so good an experience D.such good an experience 27.______ give us help is welcome.A.Who ever B.Whoever C.No matter who D.Those who 28.After running for nearly half an hour, I was ________.A.out of place B.out of control C.out of breath D.out of practice 29.The mother told the little boy to do all the things _______.A.on himself B.on his own C.to himself D.by own 30.You had better _______ a jacket, because it is cold outside.A.take on B.to take on C.put on D.to put on 31.If you will do that, please take me into ________.A.think B.thinking C.thought D.account 32.My pen has _______ ink.A.run out of B.a few C.run away D.no little 33.There are, of course, bad teachers as well as ________.A.good one B.some good C.good ones D.those good 34.“______ haste, the less speed” is good advice he often gives us.A.More B.The more C.The morer D.Morer 35.You do look _______.You are not at all like a person who has been ill in bed for years.A.good B.well C.sad D.disappointed

36.Some people like to eat apples.But some prefer bananas _______ apples.A.to B.for C.with D.against 37.I _______ here two years ago.A.moved to B.have moved C.have moved to D.moved 38.He is _______ strong a man ________ he can lift ten stones like this one.A.such…so B.so…that C.such a …that D.so a …for 39.It _______ they who lent me the television.A.was B.is C.were D.are 40.A famous Canadian doctor expressed the value of hobbies by saying, “______ man is really happy without a hobby.”

A.Not B.Without C.No D.None 41.Television broadcasts are ________ to an area that is within sight of the sending station of its relay.A.prohibited B.bounded C.limited D.restricted 42.Many things ________ impossible in the past are common today.A.to consider B.being considered C.considering D.considered 43.My parents wanted _______ me.A.make a scientist B.to make a scientist C.make a scientist of D.to make a scientist of 44.He has a bad habit of ________ others when they are speaking.A.involving B.investigating C.interfering D.interrupting 45.I like that new watch very much, but I can’t ________it.A.cost B.offer C.pay D.spend 46.Tom arrived at the office and discovered that he had _______ his door key.A.lent B.borrowed C.lost D.no 47.The beautiful scene left a deep _______ on the foreign visitors.A.thought B.idea C.thinking D.impression 48.The room is a little small;_______ it is so hot.A.in addition B.in addition to C.additional D.adding 49.I wish I ______ her address yesterday.A.know B.had known C.would known D.knew 50.It ______ yesterday.The ground is still wet now.A.must have rained B.was raining C.rained D.had rained

Ⅲ.Cloze(20 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Insure means to protect _51_ a loss of money.Most people can budget their money so that their income will cover expected expenses _52_ food, clothing, housing, and public services.But, there is no way to know _53_ who will suffer a crisis(危机)such as a serious illness, fire, flood, or a car accident.Such crises usually _54_ great expense.Even if people could predict crises, it would be hard to save enough money to _55_ the expenses.Insurance is a system _56_ a company collects money from many individuals and then pays certain expenses whenever one of those insured individuals is faced with a certain crisis.An insurance policy _57_ how much the insurance costs and how much the company will pay when a policy holder is faced with a certain crisis.There are many different kinds of insurance, _58_ hospital, motor-car and fire.Insurance can be rather expensive but most people buy insurance of some kind.Insurance is something _59_ people buy and hope they will _60_ need.51.A.for B.from C.against D.with 52.A.such as B.for example C.that D.the same as 53.A.predict B.ahead C.in advance D.earlier 54.A.result from B.make C.take D.result in 55.A.cover B.pay back C.fill D.make full 56.A.that B.by which C.what D.where 57.A.said B.agree C.make sure D.states 58.A.include B.including C.as well as D.also 59.A.which B.that C.as D.like 60.A.never B.ever C.sometimes D.often

Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension(60 points)Directions: There are four reading passages in this part Each passage is followed by five questions.For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage One Researchers have found that REM(rapid eye movement)sleep is important to human beings.This type of sleep generally occurs four or five times during one night of sleep lasting five minutes to forty minutes for each occurrence.The deeper a person’s sleep becomes, the longer the periods of rapid eye movement.There are physical charges in the body to show that a person has changed from NREM(non-rapid eye movement)to REM sleep.Breathing becomes faster, the heart rate increases, and, as the name implies, the eyes begin to move quickly.Accompanying these physical changes in the body is a very important characteristic of REM sleep.It is during REM sleep that a person dreams.61.According to the passage, how often does REM sleep occur in one night? A.Once B.Twice C.Four of five times D.Forty times 62.The word “deeper” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to which of the following? A.heavier.B.louder.C.stronger.D.happier.63.Which of the following shows that a person is NOT dreaming in his sleep? A.His eyes begin to move.B.His breathing becomes faster.C.His heart rate increases.D.His eyes stop moving.64.The subject of this passage is ________.A.why people sleep B.the human need for REM sleep C.the characteristic of REM sleep D.physical changes in the human body 65.Which of the following is the best title of the article? A.REM Sleep B.Two Types of Sleep C.Sleepers D.What Happens to Sleepers

Passage Two The Mother Goose Stories, so well known to children all over the word, are commonly said to have been written by a little old woman for her grandchildren.According to some people, she lived in Boston, and her real name was Elizabeth Vergoose.Her son-in-law, a printer named Thomas Fleet, was supposed to have published the famous stories and poems for small children in 1719.However, no copy of this book has ever been found, and most scholars doubt the truth of this story—and doubt, moreover, that Mother Goose was ever a real person.They point out that the name is a direct translation of the French “Mere I’ Oye.” In 1697 the Frenchman Charles Perrault published the first book in which this name was used.The collection contains eight tales, including “Sleeping Beauty,” “Cinderella,” and “Puss in Boots.” But Perrault did not originate these stories;they were already quite popular in his day, and he only collected them.66.What is suppssed to have happened in 1719? Elizabeth Vergoose wrote the first Mother Goose Stories.Thomas Fleet published the Mother Goose Stories.The Mother Goose Stories were translated into French.Charles Perrault published the first Mother Goose Stories.67.Most scholars consider Mother Goose to be _________.A.a real person B.a book written by a little old woman C.a collection by Elizabeth Vergoose D.a translation from French 68.When Perrault published the first book in 1679, _______.no story of the book had been known to people some stories of the book were already well known few people were interested in the stories of the book stories like “Sleeping Beauty” and “Cinderella” became popular

69.The name used in the first book published in 1679 is supposed to have been _______.A.Mother Goose B.Mere I’ Oye C.Elizabeth Vergoose D.Charles Perrault

70.On the basis of this passage, what may be concluded about the real origin of stories “Sleeping Beauty” and “Cinderella”? They were invented by Elizabeth Vergoose.They were invented by Thomas Fleet.They were invented by Charles Perrault.Their writers are unknown.Passage Three Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts;they rely on depositors(储户)not to demand payment all at the same time.If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not safe, that it cannot pay off all its depositors, then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day.If they did, the bank could not pay all accounts.However, if they did not all appear at once, then there would always be enough money to pay those who wanted their money when they wanted it.Mrs.Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced.One day in December of 1925 several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs.Vaught lived.The other banks expected a run the next day, and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs Vaught worked as a teller had enough money on hand to pay off their depositors.The officers simply told the tellers to pay on demand.The next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside.The length of the line made many think that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone.People began to push and then to fight for places near the tellers’ windows, The power of the panic atmosphere was such that two tellers, though they knew that the bank was quite all right and could pay all depositors, drew their own money from the bank.Mrs Vaught says that she had difficulty keeping herself from doing the same.71.A bank run happens when _______.a bank is closed for one or more days too many depositors try to draw out their money at one time there is not enough money to pay all its depositors at one time tellers of a bank take their own money from the bank 72.The tellers in Mrs.Vaught’s bank were told to ________.explain why they could not pay out all accounts pay out accounts as requested make the depositors believe that the bank was stand pay out money as slowly as possible 73.The main cause of a bank run is _______.A.loss of confidence B.lack of money C.crowds of people D.inexperienced tellers 74.Which of the following did Mrs.Vaught say? She know that the bank was not sound.She feared that too many depositors drawing their money would close the bank.She was not able to draw out her money.She was tempted to draw out her money.75.According to the passage, the actions of the depositors of Mrs.Vaught’s bank were affected mainly by the _______.ease with which they could get their money confidence that Mrs.Vaught showed failure of several other banks to open confidence shown by other depositors of the bank

Passage Four One of the greatest problems for those settlers in Nebraska in the last quarter of the previous century was fuel.Little of the state was forested when the first settlers arrived and it is probable that by 1880, only about one-third of the originally forested area remained, down to a mere 1 percent of the state’s 77,000 square miles.With wood and coal out of the question, and with fuel needed year-round for cooking, and during the harsh winter months for heating, some solution had to be found.Somewhat improbably, the buffalo provided the answer.Buffalo chips(干粪块)were found to burn evenly, hotly, and cleanly, with little smoke and interestingly, no odor, Soon, collecting them became a way of life for the settlers’ children who would pick them up on their way to and from school, or take part in competitions designed to counteract their natural reluctance.Even a young man, seeking to impress the girl he wanted to marry, would arrive with a large bag of chips rather than with a box of candy or a bunch of flowers.76.What is the main topic of this passage? The solution to the Nebraska settlers’ fuel problem.Life in Nebraska in the late ninteenth century.The imporance of the American buffalo.Deforestation in Nebraska in the late nineteenth century.77.Which of the following statements is NOT true? Nebraska was not a densely-forested state even before the settlers arrived.The children enjoyed collecting the buffalo chips.The children spent a lot of time collecting the chips.Buffalo chips were satisfactory as a fuel.78.The passage implies that buffalo chips were needed _______.A.in greater amounts in summer B.in greater amounts in winter C.only in summer D.only in winter 79.Which of the following does the author not express surprise at? The children needed competitions to them.The buffalo chips gave off no smell.Buffalo chips were the answer to the settlers’ fuel problem.Young men took bags of buffalo chips to their girl friends.80.What’s the best title of the passage?

A.Early Settlers B.One Use of the Buffalo Chips C.Nebraska’s Problems D.How Young Men Express Their Love for Girls

Ⅴ.Writing(20 points)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a letter of about 80 words according to the following situation.你叫李平，是英语系学生会主席。写一封信给王教授，请他做一个有关中国历史的报告。注意信中要包括目的、时间、日期和地点。

7.成人高考专升本《生态学基础》模拟试题篇七

1 对象与方法

1.1 对象

2011年1月, 对我校170名专升本成人学生进行问卷调查。发放170份问卷, 有效回收165份, 有效回收率97.06%。

1.2 方法

自行设计“成人专升本药理学教学与考核方法改革需求”调查问卷, 内容: (1) 学生情况:年龄、职称、现工作岗位等; (2) 对药理学现有教学模式的评价:学生对药理学学时分配、内容安排和教学方法的评价; (3) 药理学考核模式相关需求调查:学生对药理学现有考核模式的评价及对考核模式改革需求的调查[3,4]。本调查问卷根据《2010年临床执业医师基础综合笔试大纲——药理学大纲》和《首都医科大学成人专升本药理学教学大纲》设计, 采用Mathena设计的Likert 5分制量表 (即非常需要、比较需要、需要、一般、不需要或非常合理、比较合理、合理、一般、不合理) , 分数从5到1, 分值越高, 说明该项内容需求度越高或认可程度越高。经过3轮专家评议, 该量表重测信度为0.84～0.87, 内在一致性系数为0.85。

1.3 统计方法

采用SPSS11.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料使用中位数, 计数资料用构成比进行统计描述。

2 结果

2.1 一般资料

(1) 165名成人学生, 年龄:≤24岁15人, 占9.09%;25～34岁105人, 占63.64%;35～44岁43人, 占26.06%;≥45岁2人, 占1.21%。 (2) 学生职称:中级职称28人, 占16.97%;初级职称127人, 占76.97%;无职称10人, 占6.06%。 (3) 现工作岗位:临床医生86人, 占52.12%;临床护士47人, 占28.48%;医技科室7人, 占4.24%;社区卫生服务站16人, 占9.70%;其他科室9人, 占5.45%。

2.2 学生对药理学现有教学模式的评价 (见表1)

成人学生比较认同采用病例教学法、问题教学法, 提示教师采用的以教师讲授为主的教学方法急需改进。

2.3 学生对药理学传统考核模式的评价 (见表2)

形成性考核即对学生学习过程的评价与考试, 是对课程学习成果的阶段性考核。药理学形成性考核包括:阶段性测验, 病例分析、小组讨论, 社会调研并形成社会调研报告, 大作业或论文, 读书笔记等。终结性考核即期末考试, 是每学期末学校组织的集中性、综合性考试。

2.4 学生对药理学考核模式改革需求 (见表3)

2.5 不同岗位成人学生对药理学形成性考核需求 (见表4)

注:A代表阶段性测验, B代表病例分析、小组讨论, C代表社会调研报告, D代表大作业或小论文, E代表读书笔记;*P<0.05

3 讨论

3.1 合理安排药理学课程内容、学时, 改革教学方法

通过本次调查及在QQ群上与成人学生交流发现: (1) 学生普遍反映原有药理学课程内容过于陈旧, 学时安排不合理。学生急需了解大量临床使用的新药知识, 而大量学时却放在经典老药的讲解上。 (2) 大多数成人学生认为以教师讲解为主的教学方法较枯燥, 师生缺乏互动, 希望多与临床实际结合, 采用病例教学法、问题教学法。

针对成人学生提出的意见与建议, 可进行如下调整: (1) 深入基层进行调研, 调查临床各科室用药, 分析临床较常用药物, 了解新药。根据调查结果, 对原有教学内容进行合理的、适时的调整, 多介绍一些新药, 以及老药的新用途。 (2) 对于药效学与药动学以及传出神经系统药理学等内容, 虽然成人学生大专时学过, 但由于是药理学的重、难点, 理论性较强, 因此, 有必要重复及深入讲解。 (3) 多开设一些实验课, 通过实验对理论知识进行验证, 加深成人学生对理论知识的理解。 (4) 充分利用网络教学平台, 为成人学生提供交互性强的学习环境。另外, 教师可公布自己的E-mail、MSN、QQ等加强师生交流, 提高药理学教学质量与学生学习效率。

3.2 建立符合成人学生特点的考核模式

通过对传统考核模式评价、考核模式改革需求调查以及不同岗位成人学生对药理学形成性考核需求调查发现, 传统考核模式不符合成人学生特点。成人学生工作压力较重, 但理解、分析、综合能力较强, 将课程考核作为督促成人学生主动将理论学习与工作实践相结合, 是提高其岗位适应能力、分析与解决实际问题能力的重要手段。

因此, 所有考核工作都应在这种思想指导下进行, 可适当增加形成性考核比例, 改变期末终结性考试“一锤定音”的局面。

在考核内容上, 应坚持全面性和科学性原则, 不仅对基础知识进行必要考核, 更应强调检查成人学生理论与工作实际相结合及分析、解决实际问题能力。终结性考试, 应尽量采用开卷考试方式, 题型以选择题、病例分析、处方分析题为主, 少出名词解释、问答题。形成性考核根据学生特点采用灵活多样的成人学生认可度高的考核模式, 如阶段性测验、病例分析与小组讨论、社会调研等。可针对从事不同岗位工作的成人学生采取不同方式, 如对读书笔记这种考核方式虽总体认可度不高, 但对于医生群体而言, 认可度较高。因此, 对于形成性考核, 除学生都需参与的阶段性测验外, 可让学生自由选择参与其他1～2项作为形成性考核的一部分。需注意的是, 教师要对形成性考核进行适当指导, 以期考核更加规范、有效、合理[5]。

成人教育课程考试模式改革并不是解决一个单一、孤立的问题, 要取得改革成功需要各方配合和支持。考核模式必须要与教学内容、教学方法、课程安排和师资情况等紧密相连。总之, 只有通过多种考试形式的有机结合, 建立新的符合成人学习特点的阶段性、多元化的药理学课程考核模式, 实现考试为教学服务的最终目的, 才能加快成人医学教学改革的步伐, 培养出高素质的医学人才。

摘要：目的对成人专升本药理学考核模式改革的相关需求进行调查。方法采用自制的成人专升本药理学教学与考核方法相关需求调查问卷, 对我校170名学生进行问卷调查。结果有91.52%的调查对象不认同传统考核模式, 认为药理学考核模式进行改革十分必要。结论药理学考核应形成“以人为本”的成人教育考核理念, 建立一种新的符合成人学习特点的多元化药理学课程考核模式, 实现考试为教学服务的最终目的, 培养出高素质医学人才。

关键词：药理学,成人专升本,考核模式

参考文献

[1]朱永香, 肖赞英, 王倩, 等.生理学考试改革的探索[J].医学教育探索, 2010, 9 (6) :763~764.

[2]金润女, 易晓瑜, 陈怡利.非现役文职护士任职培训现状与需求调查分析[J].齐鲁护理杂志, 2010, 16 (25) :58~59.

[3]李伟, 刘宇.在职护理专业学生对社区护理学课程学习的测评研究[J].卫生职业教育, 2009, 27 (1) :98~100.

[4]韦素清.我院护士规范化培训过程中师生双向满意度现状调查[J].右江民族医学院学报, 2009 (5) :911~912.

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