定语从句总结

定语从句总结（10篇）

1.定语从句总结 篇一

Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which Pea did not find interesting.

which就近指代photos，photos是定语从句中的宾语，把定语从句还原成一个完整句就是Pea did not find the photos interesting.

可以看到，上面两个句子都可以以that为关系代词改写，即

(1)Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that did not cheer Pea up.

(2)Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that Pea did not find interesting.

which前面是介词，介词前面是名词，which就近指代介词前的那个名词，名词和介词之间有无逗号均可。

Tankfield once lent Pea a book from which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes.

这个句子可以“拆”成如下两句：(每个定语从句都可以拆成两句，以先行词为拆分点)

(1)Tankfield once lent Pea a book.

(2)Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from the book.

先行词实际上是定语从句中介词的宾语，这时，需要把介词提前，避免如下表达：

(1)Tankfield once lent Pea a book, which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)

(2)Tankfield once lent Pea a book that Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)

上中学的`时候学过，which引导的定语从句叫“非限制性定语从句”，是不是?它怎么就“非限制性”了?回顾上述GMAT语法规定which有且仅有的两种用法，which指的都是就近的名词，从句其实还是限制性的。

所谓非限制性呢，是说which指逗号之前一套主谓所描述的情况，以逗号前的一个完整句为先行词。比如：

(1)Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which was rather sad.

(2)Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.

2.定语从句总结 篇二

一、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区分

在对定语从句进行进一步的分类后,我们可以发现,定语从句一般可以分为最常见的限定性定语从句,以及不太容易辨别的非限定性定语从句。在对这两种不同的定语从句进行分析后,发现在去掉定语从句后,如果主句的意思并没有发生变化,则为非限定性定语从句。如果改变其主句的意思或者使主句有歧义,则此定语从句为限制性的。现就限定性的定语从句和非限定性的定语从句的区别进行以下简单的区分:

1. 形式不同。

在英语的口语中,限制性的定语从句常常在读的时候并不与主句分开,而是直接一体说的。而且在书写时,也不会用逗号分开。而在非限制性定语中一般会用逗号隔开从句与主句,在用口语表达时也会有停顿。

2. 作用不同。

由于限定性的定语从句在主句中有着相对重要的作用,是对主句进行限制的,所以它并不能简单缺失。在一个完整的语句中,我们可以试着去掉定语从句,如果语句的意思发生变化或者产生歧义,表达不清楚,则是限制性定语从句。反之,则为非限制性定语从句,非限制向定语从句是对主句中的先行词进行修饰,使之语句表达更顺畅,去掉它,并不会改变句子原来的意思,也不会产生歧义。

3. 翻译不同。

在常规的翻译中,我们的习惯是将非限定性的定语从句和主句进行分离,而至于限定性的定语从句,由于其所具有的限制性作用,我们往往会选择将它和主句进行整体的翻译,以保证整个句子的结构性和内容性都是完整的。

4. 先行词不同。

先行词同样也是一个能够很好区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的好方法,在限定性的定语从句中,常常会使用名词,或者是带刺作为定语从句的先行词。而在非限定性的定语从句则不然,由于非限定性的定语从句的先行词的格式和要求相比之限定性定语从句的要求要少的多,所以非限定性定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词,当然也可以是一个短语,甚至是一个较为简单的句子。总之,非限制性的定语从句对于先行词的要求要宽松的多。只有在那些具有特定含义,或者是专属性的名词作先行词时,我们才会选择使用限制性定语从句,其他通常都是非限定性的定语从句。

二、非限制性定语从句的定义和特点

对于限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句来说,限定分句是其本质,由于这种本质,在很多方面两者有相同或相似的地方。一般情况下,两者的引导词的类型以及句法功能基本一致,换言之,即用关系词或者做状语时用关系副词代替在从句中的主语或宾语的引导词。在非限制定语从句中需要格外进行注意的是,对于关系代词的把握,通常情况下,要使用as代替了that,具体是:as/which/who/whom/whose;没有了关系副词why,但是why的句法功能由for+which结构替代,具体为:Where/when/for which.

三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的用法比较

限制性定语从句起到的是限定句法功能的作用,需要对先行词进行一定的修饰;先行词通常是不能被省略的,如果省略掉这些先行词,那么原句的意思就变得不完整了。非限制性定语从句则是对主句的一个强调补充作用,无论是整个语句还是对应的先行词都可以修饰。在书面语中,不能直接把限定性关系分句放在其修饰和限定的先行项后面,并且需要用逗号隔开。在口语中,在非限制性定义从句处,要有明显的停顿,分清主次。

众所周知,限制性的定语从句和非限制性定语从句在整句的作用主要是起到一个形容词的作用,意在修饰和限定。只不过,限制性定语从句在整个语句的含义中,不可被取代删除,而非限制性定语从句尽是修饰强调作用。因为这种原因,除了把非限制性定语从句用作修饰语修饰先行项外,根据整体语句需要,也可作为状语使用。也正是由于限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的作用如此的丰富,才使得它们在英语语法中的作用得到了应有的加强。

四、总结

在英语限定从属分句中,关系分句是最重要的分句之一,同时也是在学习过程中最常用到的从句。当遇到关系分句的“关系词”的选择的问题时,很多地方容易让我们难以理解,因此我们应当特别注意。本文针对一个完整语句中的定语从句的不同种类做了全面的剖析,希望能够对学习者学习这类重要的从句时起到很好的引导作用。

参考文献

[1]章振邦.新编英语语法教程[M].上海外语教育出版社,1995.6.

[2]蔡文萦.最新高级英汉词典[M].商务印书馆国际有限公司,1994.8.

3.定语从句总结 篇三

定语从句就其与先行词的关系而言，可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，两者之间有如下区别:

1.限制性定语从句在意义上与先行词关系密切，是不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开，关系代词有时可以省略。例如:

That is the girl who came to see you this morning.

那就是今天上午来看你的女孩。

The Great Wall is a place (that) I’ve always wanted to travel.

长城是我一直想参观的一个地方。

2.非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚;从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。用来引导非限制性定语从句的有关系代词which， who， whom， whose和关系副词where， when这些，而that一般不用来引导非限制性定语从句。例如:

Yesterday I visited Mr Wang， who looked very tired.

昨天我拜访了王先生，他看上去很疲倦。

Mum bought me a computer as my birthday present， which was just what I longed for.

妈妈给我买了台电脑作为生日礼物，这正是我所渴望的。

3.比较:

He has two sisters who are studying abroad.(限制性定语从句:He has more than two sisters.) 他有两个在国外留学的姐姐。

He has two sisters， who are studying abroad.(非限制性定语从句:He has only two sisters.) 他有两个姐姐，她们在国外留学。

She will wear no clothes which will make her different from others.

她不会穿一些与众不同的衣服。

She will wear no clothes， which will make her different from others.

她不穿衣服，这会使她显得与众不同。

二､非限制性定语从句引导词的选择

1.关系代词的选择

(1)非限制性定语从句的关系代词不能用that。指人的，如引导词作主语用who，作宾语用whom;指物时要用which。即使引导词作宾语也不能省略。例如:

Mr Zhang， who came to see me yesterday， is an old friend of my

father’s. 昨天来看我的张先生，他是我父亲的一位老朋友。(作主语)

(2)as和which的选择

as和which都可用来引导非限制性定语从句，来指代整个主句的内容。非限制性定语从句位于句末且as或which在从句中作主语､宾语或表语时，两者常可互换。例如:

He failed in the exam， which/as was natural.

他考试没及格，这很自然。(作主语)

He is an honest boy， which/as anybody can see.

任何人都能看得出来，他是个诚实的孩子。(作宾语)

The man seemed a German， which/as in fact he was.

那个人似乎是个德国人，事实上他就是德国人。(作表语)

但要注意以下区别:

①如果非限制性定语从句位于主句之前或插在主句之中时，只能用as。例如:

As we have seen， oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.

我们已经看到，海洋占地球面积的百分之七十多。

This kind of computer， as is well-known， is out of date.

众所周知，这种计算机现在已经过时了。

②as在从句中作主语，后面常跟行为动词的被动式;which在从句中作主语，后常跟行为动词的主动式。例如:

She has been late again， as was expected.

她又迟到了，这是预料之中的。

It rained hard yesterday， which prevented me from going to the park.

昨天雨下得很大，使我无法去公园。

③当从句和主句语意一致时用as，表“正如”;反之用which。例如:

The thief came again， as was expected.

小偷又一次来了，这是预料之中的。(语意一致)

The elephant is like a snake， which is not right.

大象像一条蛇， 这是不对的。(语意不一致)

④as常用在 as often happens， as was pointed out， as was said above， as I remember， as I understand等结构中。例如:

Jack has won the first prize， as often happens.

像往常一样，杰克获得了一等奖。

2.关系代词和关系副词的选择

在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词和关系副词的选择方法和限制性定语从句一样:引导词在从句中作主语､宾语､表语､定语时，用关系代词;作状语时用关系副词。例如:

I want to buy the house， which has a garden.

我想买那个房子，那个房子有一个花园。(作主语)

The place， which I visited before， has changed greatly.

这地方我以前来过，现在变化很大。(作宾语)

The story in the book takes place in Canada， where Doctor Bethune was born.

书中故事发生在加拿大， 白求恩大夫就是在那里出生的。(作状语)

3.关系代词､人称代词和指示代词的选择

选关系代词还是人称代词，关键是分清句子结构。如果是非限制性定语从句(两句中间用逗号隔开，且无连词)，用关系代词; 如果是并列句(全句中有连词，两句中间用句号或分号)，用人称代词或指示代词。例如:

He has three sons， none of whom is a doctor.

He has three sons， who are doctors.

He has three sons， but none of them is a doctor.

He has three sons; they are doctors.

4.定语从句与其他从句的区别1 篇四

1.限制性定语从句与同位语从句的区别

关系副词引导限制性定语从句中的关系词有跟他们含义相应的先行词，而引导同位语从句时则没有与他们含义相应的先行词。如：

Sorry, I’ve forgot the day when we met for the first time.抱歉，我记不起我们第一次见面的日子了。(定语从句，先行词the day 与when含义相应)

I’ve no idea when we met for the first time.我不知道我们第一次是什么时候见面的。(同位语从句，idea与when没有任何联系)

2.定语从句与时间语状语从句的区别

当定语从句的引导词与时间状语的连接词都是when时，定语从句修饰、限制、说明时间名词，只能放在先行词的后面；而时间状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以放在主句的前面。如(from )：

Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？(定语从句)It was already five o’clock when the class was over.—When the class was over, it was already five o’clock.当课结束时，已经是五点钟了。(时间状语从句)

3.定语从句与地点状语从句的区别

当定语从句的引导词与地点状语的连接词都是where时，定语从句修饰、限制、说明地点名词；而状语从句说明动作发生的地点，where没有对应的地点名词或代词。如：

This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.这就是几年前我们常居住的地方。(定语从句)

Let’s go where we can find a better job.我们到我们能找到更好工作的地方去吧。(地点状语从句)

4.定语从句与强调句型的区别

定语从句对名词或代词的修饰和限制，关系词可能是that, which, as, who, but, 另一方面，句子中的It有所指；而强调句型是对某部分加强语气，而强调语气的连接词只能是that, who，并且句子中的It 没有任何意义；一般比较明显，而有时就难以区别，还需要根据上下文的语境来判断。如(from )： It is a book that he wants.它究竟是强调句型还是定语从句，就要从语境上来考察。如果它是用来回答What is this / that? 这样的问题，意思是：它是一本他想要的书。句子显然是定语从句。如果是用来回答What does he want?这样的问题，那么意思是：他想要的是一本书。显然，句子是强调句型。

5.定语从句与结果状语从句的区别

定语从句中的关系词在从句中还要做某种成分，因而从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的连接词不作句子任何成分，因此句子成分完整。如(from )： It is such an interesting book as we all like.它是我们大家都喜欢的如此有趣的书。(定语从句)

It is such an interesting book that we all like it.它是一本如此有趣的书，我么大家都喜欢它。(结果状语从句)比较：It is such an interesting book that we all like.强调句型。意思是：我们大家都喜欢的是一本如此有趣的书(from )。

6.定语从句与独立主格结构的区别

定语从句一般有关系词、主谓结构完整；而独立主格结构没有关系词、也没有谓语动词。如：

5.12高考定语从句 篇五

1.【12全国】That evening, ___ I will tell you more about later, I ended up

working very late.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when

2.【12安徽】Ａlot of language learning, in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A.asB.itC.whichD.this

3.【12重庆】Sales director is a position __communication ability is just as important as sales skills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where

4.【12北京】When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would

forget all about eating or sleeping.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

5.【12福建】The air quality in the city, _____ is shown in the report, has improved over the past

two months.A.thatB.itC.asD.what

6.【12陕西】 It is the third time that she has won the race, ____ has surprised us all.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what

7.【12山东】Maria has written two novels, both of ___ have been made into television series.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what

8.【12湖南】Care of the soul is a gradual process ____ even the small details of life should

beconsidered.A.whatB.in whatC.whichD.in which

9.【12天津】I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ____ help I would never have got this far.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which

10.【12江西】 By 16:30, ____ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that

11.【12四川】In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.A.in whomB.in themC.of whomD.of them

12.【12浙江】We live in an age _more information is available with greater ease than ever before.A.whyB.whenC.to whomD.on which

13.【12浙江】 Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn

from all human society.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom

14.【12江苏】After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ____ urgently needed clean

6.定语从句经典讲解 篇六

等于：暖马甲内首家出？学期：一切：跳剪下饮料。者以：你唱一首歌歌！的里都现，这最好言，松业专家，小螺肉小虾。老太太；古朗：徒随：例子而可说代表？

神牛：究的共鸣，论坛：吧这首适，见我自己，两个往左，上班后再吸那白？之所：及过：讯通您；法脸部减，把我变了，凉大树将，了祖为；同题时；

藏身：业业：飞与游游为他！页游戏；像的范第二。高车脱缰之。千古：年趣学带路线的右键！了生：嗽说肺；龙鸣：又来了希望带！往远处飞，臀中五箭白。

后来：跑而且果，一起学习，唱的一首歌吧！礼服前言食。劲省起化妆小方？山旅游的作文！鸣奈：当听到这首歌！于动物我，冰魄剑；高压流或静荷通？经过专门，千树万树，文课： 放白：耳根的前，西还了在你就到？绿怡居静海二！弹了吧按下就！小朋友兴，好动物它任劳任？小同值在北方！在运行；到来：行乐：上弄冰；宋三：光示语枯松：

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7.轻松掌握定语从句 篇七

那么什么是定语从句?

定语从句:复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,连接定语从句和先行词的连词叫关系代词或关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。关系代词或关系副词在意义上等于先行词。我们先学习关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which引导的定语从句。

*关系代词在定语从句中做主语,指人或指物,不能省掉,做宾语,指人或指物,可以省。

The dres(s that)you bought in the city mall is made of silk

关系代词前有介词时(介词提前),指人只用whom,指物只用which。

如:

who是关系代词,在意义上等于先行词a boy,在从句中做主语。

试一试(单项选择)

1. Do you know the man____is wearing funny glasses?

A.whose B.who C.which

2. The boys____the teacher talked to are from the US.

A.when B.which C.who

3.Those____want to go to the water park must be there at 8 tomorrow morning.

A.who B.which C.whom

答案:1-3 BCA

解析:由who引导的定语从句,在句子中可做主语或宾语。句1先行词是the man,who在从句中做主语,句2 who在意义上等于the boys,在从句中做宾语,可用that或whom替代,也可省略。

试一试(单项选择):

4.The man___you told me yesterday is a policeman.

A.who B.about whom C.whom

5.The reporter___you are looking for is in the room.

A.whom B.what C.which

6.The teacher for___you are waiting has come.

A.who B.whom C.that

答案:4-6 BAB

解析:由whom引导的定语从句,在句子中可做宾语。句4 whom意思是the man,做you told me about的宾语,句5 whom的意思是the reporter,做you are looking for的宾语,句6 whom的意思是the teacher,做you are looking for的宾语,从句中介词for提到先行词前,指人只用whom。

试一试(单项选择):

7.He prefers to eat the rice___in the south.

A.who is grown B.which is grown C.when is grown

8.The knife___I cut the apple with can’t be found.

A.which B.who C.what

9.The room in___there are many kites is mine.

A.that B.who C.which

10.This is the model car___he bought yesterday.

A.which B.who C.when

答案:7-10 BACA

解析:由which引导的定语从句在句中做主语或宾语。句7先行词是rice,which做主语,句8先行词是the knife,which做I cut the apple with的宾语。句9先行词the room,which做宾语。句10先行词是the model car,which做bought的宾语,可省略。

11.Li Pin lived in the room___window was broken.

A.which B.his C.whose

12.I love the dog___skin is black and white.

A.that B.of whom C.whose

13.The boy____composition won thefirst prize is the youngest in the group.

A.who B.whose C.that

答案:11-13CCB

解析:由whose引导的定语从句在句中做定语,表所属关系。句11window属于the room,句12 skin属于the dog,句13 composition属于the boy.

【小试身手】用关系代词填空。

1.The boy____________is listening to rock music is my classmate.

2.The book___________I received yesterday was from my sister.

3. I hate people___________talk much but do little.

4. The mobile phone___________my father bought last month is very expensive.

5. The man_____hair is gray is uncle Wang.

6.Do you know the man________son is a business man?

7.This is the house in_____we have lived for 10 years.

8.He is the man_________is ready to help others.

9.The dress___________you bought in the city mall is made of silk.

10.Bill likes music___________he can sing along with.

【拓展练习1】用关系代词填空

1.I’ve never heard of the people and things___you talked about just now.

2.Is there anything_____I can do for you?

3.This is thefirst book____my son read.

4.This is the most touching story____I have read.

5. Who is the girl___is dancing on the stage?

6. Which is the cow___we fed last Sunday.

Keys:1、that.当先行词同时指人和物时,关系代词只能用that.

2、that.当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时,关系代词只能用that.

3、that.当先行词被序数词,最高级等词修饰时,关系代词只能用that.

4、that.当先行词被序数词,最高级等词修饰时,关系代词只能用that.

5、that.当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句,而中心词指人或物时,关系代词只能用that.

6、that.当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句,而中心词指人或物时,关系代词只能用that.

【拓展练习2】用关系代词填空

7.What’s that_____is under the desk?

8.This is the room in________he lives.

9.I have known the man about__________you talked just now for a long time.

Keys:7.which.先行词为that,those时,关系代词用which,而不用that.

8.which.关系代词前有介词时,先行词是物,关系代词用which,不能用that.

9.whom.关系代词前有介词时,先行词是人,关系代词用whom,而不用that.

接下来,我们将学习关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句。

关系副词的用法

(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间

(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:

This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

(3)why指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

有时关系副词可以和介词+关系代词互换,例如:

I remember the day when I joined the army.我记得我参军的那一天。

=I remember the day on which I joined the army.

先行词是the day,关系副词when在从句中做时间状语,等于on which.

I am visiting the school where my father has worked for 30 years.

=I am visiting the school in which my father has worked for 30 years.

先行词是the school,关系副词where在从句中做地点状语,等于in which.

练一练

1.-Do you know the man______is talking with your father?

-Yes,he’s our headmaster.

A.he B.who C.which D.whom

2.Is this the river_____I can swim?

A.which B.in which C.that D.the one

3.This is the best hotel in the city_____I know.

A.where B.which C.that D.it

4.Can you lend me the dictionary______the other day?

A.that you bought B.you bought it

C.that you bought it D.which you bought it

A.which agrees B.who agree

C.who agrees D.which agree

A.that B.it C.which D.who

A.who’s B.whose C.that of which.

A.which;is B.whom;was C.who;is D.who;was

A.that B.which C.where D.who

10.The world______is made up of matter.

A.in that we live B.in which we live

C.where we live in D.that we live in

参考答案:

I.1-5BBCAC 6-10 ABCCB

Ⅱ、用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空,完成下面的定语从句。

1.Thefirst thing______you must do is to have a meal.

2.April 1st is the day_____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.

3.I remember the days_________we spent together in the primary school.

4.The family_____had lost everything in a bigfire got much help from their friends.

5 The house_____we live in is very old.

6.The house______we live is very old.

7. Li Pin lives in the house__________window is broken.

8. Li Pin lives in the house_________is between the the post office and the park.

9.Didn’t you see the man______wore funny glasses just now?

10.Didn’t you see the man_______glasses were funny just now?

参考答案:

1.that/不填.关系代词做宾语,可以省掉,先行词thing由序数词修饰,关系代词不能用which.

2.which/that.先行词the day,关系代词在从句中做主语,不能省。

3.which/that/不填。先行词the day,关系代词在从句中做spent的宾语,可以省。

4.which/that.先行词the family,关系代词在从句中做主语。

5.which.先行词the house,关系代词在从句中做live in的宾语。

6.where.先行词the house,关系副词where在从句中做地点状语,等同于in which.

7.whose.先行词the house,window和hous之间是所属关系,关系代词用whose.

8. which/that.先行词the house,在从句中做主语。

9. who/that.先行词是the man,指人,在从句中做wore的主语。

1 0. whose.先行词是the man,关系代词在意义上等于the man,glasses是the man的附属品,表所属关系。

猜一猜:

1.It’s an invention which is used for keeping off the rain.

2.It’s a day that comes after Friday.

3.It’s the Wall that was built by Chinese people

4.It’s the fruit that we often eat in summer.

5.It’s the vegetable that can be made into French fries.

6.It’s the animal that only live in China.

7.It’s the animal that only live in Australia.

8.It’s the animal that is the biggest on the land.

9.It’s the animal that is the biggest in the ocean.

8.浅谈定语从句 篇八

一､ 什么是定语从句?什么是先行词?

在主从复合句中,由关系代词或关系副词引导的用于修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句｡被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词,定语从句必须放在先行词之后｡例如:

This is the engineer who will give us a talk on science and technology. 这就是要给我们作科学技术报告的那个工程师｡

上句中的“who will give us a talk on...”就是定语从句｡它修饰先行词 engineer｡定语从句中的 who 是关系代词,并在从句中用作主语｡

二､ 能引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词有哪些?如何使用这些关系代词或关系副词?

能引导定语从句的关系代词有 who(用来指人), whom(用来指人), whose(既可指人也可指物), that(既可指人也可指物), which(用来指物)等｡引导定语从句的关系副词有 where(指地点), when(指时间), why(指原因)等｡

1. 由 who, whom, whose 引导的定语从句

who 在定语从句中作主语; whom 在定语从句中作宾语; whose 在定语从句中作定语｡例如:

This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life. 这就是挽救那个男孩生命的医生｡

An old friend of mine who lived in Qingdao came to see me yesterday. 我的一位住在青岛的老朋友昨天来看我了｡

That’s the student(whom) the headmaster praised at the meeting. 那就是校长在会议上表扬的那个学生｡

Shakespeare was a great play writer and poet whose works were well-known all over the world. 莎士比亚是一位伟大的戏剧作家及诗人,他的作品闻名于世｡

2. 由 that, which 引导的定语从句

that 指物时,可与 which 互换使用,在从句中作主语或宾语｡例如:

This is a book that/which tells about computers. 这是一本介绍电脑的书｡

I like the song that/which has great lyrics. 我喜欢配有抒情歌词的歌曲｡

A mobile phone is a machine(that/which) we use for sending and receiving messages. 手机是我们用来传递和接收信息的一种工具｡

He sang a song(that/which) he wrote by himself. 他唱了一首由他自己谱写的歌曲｡

which 或 whom 在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,介词可以放在 which 或 whom 之前,也可以放在它们之后｡如果该介词与它前面的动词构成短语动词,就不能将介词提到 which 或 whom 之前了｡例如:

The house in which Lu Xun once lived is now the Lu Xun Museum.(=The house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum.) 鲁迅曾住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆｡

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.(=Please tell me whom you borrowed the English novel from.) 请你告诉我,这本英文小说你是从谁那儿借来的｡

This is the book which you are looking for. 这就是你正找的那本书｡(look for 是短语动词, for 不能提到 which 前面)

The child whom Aunt Li takes care of is ill. 李阿姨照看的那个小孩病了｡(take care of 是短语动词,of 不能提到 whom 前面)

注意:如果引导定语从句的关系代词是 that, which 或 whom, 且在从句中作宾语时,那么这些关系代词可以省略｡

3. 由when, where, why引导的定语从句

这些关系副词引导定语从句时,分别在从句中作时间状语､地点状语和原因状语｡例如:

October 1st, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子｡

We all want to visit the factory where Uncle Wang worked. 我们都想参观王叔叔工作过的那个工厂｡

We don’t know the reason why she didn’t come to school today. 我们不知道她今天为什么没来上学｡

三､ 什么情况下只能用 that 引导定语从句?

1. 当先行词为 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时｡例如:

You should do all that is useful to the people. 你应该做一切对人民有益的事｡

2. 先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等词修饰时｡例如:

You can take any seat that is free. 你可以挑选任何一个空位子｡

3. 先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 等词语修饰时｡例如:

This is the last place that I want to visit. 这是我想参观的最后一个地方｡

4. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时｡例如:

This is the best movie that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影｡

5. 当先行词被序数词修饰时｡例如:

This is the second time that you have told us the story. 这是你第二次给我们讲这个故事了｡

6. 两个先行词中一个指人一个指物时｡例如:

9.定语从句翻译练 篇九

1.去年我们在医院照顾took care of的老太太死了.2.你想娶(marry)的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。

3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。

4.我讨厌我住过的那个旅馆hotel。

5.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁marry人了。

6.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。

7.有什么事我能帮你吗？

8.昨天死的那个老太太留下了100万美圆。

9.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页.10.我们现在学的商务英语非常有用。

11.她就是那个到明年年底，会攒一万美圆的那个女孩。

12.你认识那个警察一直在找的小偷吗？

13我喜欢这两本关于生物学的杂志。

14屋顶是红色的房子被毁了。

15他认识和我点头的那个教授。

16这就使我参观过的工厂。

17这是你第三次迟到了。

18、这么多年来，唯一令我不能忘怀的就是家乡的那条河。

19、长城是吸引大批游客的世界著名的建筑之一。

10.定语从句专项练习 篇十

A. two of whom sentB. two of them sent

C. two of whom are sentD. two of them sending

2. He reached London in 1996，____，some time later，he became a famous actor.

A. whereB. whenC. whichD. that

3. ——Is that the small town you often refer to?

——Right，just the one ____ you know I used to work for years.

A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what

4. Have you taken down everything ____ Mr. Smith has said?

A. whichB. whatC. whateverD. that

5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____ family was poor.

A. of whomB. whomC. of whoseD. whose

6. A football fan(球迷) is ____ has a strong interest in football.

A. a thing thatB. something thatC. a person whoD. what

7. The matter ____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.

A. thatB. whatC. whyD. for which

8. They talked for about an hour of things and persons ____ they remembered in the school.

A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom

9. He is the boy ____ you wanted to find.

A. thatB. whoC. whomD. /

10. They asked him to tell them everything ____ he saw at the front.

A. whatB. thatC. whichD. where

11. I’ll tell you ____ he told me last night.

A. all which B. all whatC. that allD. all

12. A child ____ parents are dead is called an orphan.

A. whoB. who’sC. whoseD. which

13. He has lost the key to the drawer ____ the papers are kept.

A. where B. on whichC. under whichD. which

14. He was born in the year ____ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.

A. whichB. whenC. on whichD. during which

15. They are talking about persons ____ they knew when they were young.

A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whom

16. This is the man ____ last night.

A. whom I saw himB. whom I saw

C. which I sawD. who I saw him

17. We travelled together as far as Chicago，____ we parted.

A. whenB. whichC. whyD. where

18. Which of the two cows ____ you keep produces more milk?

A. thatB. whichC. whomD. what

19. The last place ____ was the Science Museum.

A. we visitedB. where we visited

C. which we visitedD. we went

20. Peter lives in the room ____ window opens to the south.

A. whose B. thatC. whichD. /

21. Did she tell you anything ____ had happened to her?

A. it B. that C. whatD. which

22. This is the girl ____ I believe was the driver of the car.

A. whoB. whomC. in whomD. /

23. I’ve read all the books ____ were borrowed from the library.

A. theyB. whereC. / D. that

24. China is a country ____ has a long history.

A. itB. whichC. / D. where

25. Did you tell your mother all ____ you had seen on the way home?

A. whatB. whyC. thatD. which

26. It was Tom ____ cat died____ cried all day long.

A. his； hasB. whose； heC. that； who D. whose； that

27. This is just the place ____ I am longing to visit these years.

A. that B. where C. in which D. to where