轮机常用英语

2024-10-10

轮机常用英语(精选7篇)

1.轮机常用英语 篇一

论轮机英语的语言特点

轮机英语属于特殊用途英语(ESP),是关于船舶轮机的`操作、维修、管理的国际交流语言,有着科技英语的普遍特点和自身的专业特色.文章以实例对轮机英语的词汇和句式特点进行了分析.

作 者:蓝红军 Lan Hongjun  作者单位:广东外语艺术职业学院,广东,广州,510507 刊 名:天津航海 英文刊名:TIANJIN OF NAVIGATION 年,卷(期): “”(3) 分类号:H3 关键词:轮机英语   词汇特点   句式特点  

2.轮机英语语法的特点及学习技巧 篇二

[关键词]轮机英语;语法特点;学习技巧

[中图分类号]G642[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1006-9682(2009)08-0076-02

[Abstarct]English of Marine Engineering is one of the required courses for those who study in Marine Colleges, and it is also one of the tested subjects when they take part in the Competency Test for Marine Certificate. It is a very difficult subject as well as it is an important one. Most students said that it contains too many technical terms and its grammar is complicated. In order to help students to learn the course better, this paper analyzes the peculiarities of its grammar and gives some methods on how to learn the course.

[Key words]English of Marine EngineeringGrammar peculiaritiesLearning skills

加入世贸组织后,随着日益加快的全球经济一体化进程,中国海员劳务输出业务发展迅速。尽管当前全球经济面临着前所未有的危机,给我国海员劳务输出带来了前所未有的挑战,但同时也带来了机遇。目前我国发展海员劳务输出所面临的主要挑战之一便是国内高素质海员紧缺,并且有愈演愈烈的迹象。国外船东雇主和国内外有识之士普遍认为,提升我国海员的综合素质,尤其是海员的英语水平,是发展我国海员劳务输出的关键所在。

轮机英语作为轮机工程专业学员参加海事局组织的海船船员适任考试的考试科目之一,相较其它科目,具有一定的难度。从历年海证考试情况看,轮机英语是影响该专业学员考试过关率的主要因素。这是因为,英语本身对于中国学员来讲就是一门外语,而轮机英语又具有极强的专业性,包含众多的专业词汇,使中国学员学起来难度增大。笔者曾就轮机英语的学习向所教班级做了口头调查,学生们普遍反映,轮机英语的语法结构比较复杂,难于理解,给他们的学习带来了很大困难。

其实,任何课程,只要掌握其主要特点,运用正确的学习方法和技巧,都是能够学好的。就以轮机英语语法为例,我们来分析一下它的主要特点,以及学习方法和技巧。

一、轮机英语语法的特点

从概念上讲,轮机英语的语法还是无法脱离一般英语语法的范畴,但是它具有几个比较明显的特点。

第一,它含有大量的专业词汇。这一点显而易见。轮机英语的内容涵盖了轮机工程专业几乎所有主要学科的大体内容,其内容之广泛是其它学科所不能及的,因此它所包含的专业词汇也涉及到轮机专业中主机、辅机、船舶电气与自动化、轮机维修、船舶管理等各方面的词汇。词汇量大成为广大学员学习轮机英语的一大障碍,因为要想学好轮机英语,首先必须要掌握一定量的专业词汇。

第二,轮机英语中动词时态基本都采用一般现在时态。这一点也比较容易理解。初学英语时态时我们就知道,当句子所表述的是一成不变的现象或公理,或者是经常发生的习惯性动作时,谓语动词就用一般现在时态。这一点在科技类文章中体现尤为明显,轮机英语自然也不例外。它所论述的内容都是普遍存在的且被公认的知识,时间的改变不会影响其准确性,所以不存在过去时还是将来时等这种时态的变化。这一点就不再赘述。

第三,轮机英语大多句子冗长,由多个语法项目组合而成,结构复杂。一般来说,造成长句的主要原因有三方面:修饰和限定成分多;并列成分多;语言结构层多。看过或学过轮机专业课程的人都知道,像主机、辅机这种专业课,好多内容即使完全看汉语都很难明白,换成英语,那就更复杂难懂。这些课程内容都十分专业,对准确性和严密性要求也很高,其涉及到的工作原理、机器结构等内容在论述时需要加以详细、准确的修饰和限定。在译成英文时,这些限定和修饰也是必不可少的。一个句子,如果只有主干部分,或许易懂,但是加上那些修饰和限定成分、各种语法结构,以及汉语和英语语法之间存在的差异,就使整个句子变得冗长而且结构复杂难懂。我们就以轮机英语课本中的一个句子作为实例分析一下:

It is necessary to keep the piston rings at temperatures sufficiently low for the lubricating oil surrounding them to survive, and mechanisms such as fuel valves, exhaust valves and starting air valves must be kept at temperatures at which they will work satisfactorily and remain lubricated.[1]

(汉语译为:有必要使活塞环的温度足够低,以便其周围的滑油能够存在,其它机械结构如喷油器、排气阀、起动空气阀必须保持在一定温度,在此温度下,它们能令人满意地工作并保持润滑。)

该句为并列句。第一分句中的It为形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式短语“to keep the piston rings at temperatures sufficiently low”,其中“at temperatures sufficiently low”为动词不定式短语的补语。“for the lubricating oil surrounding them to survive”为介词短语做目的状语,就其本身的结构而言,“surrounding them”为现在分词短语,是介词for的宾语lubricating oil的后置定语;动词不定式“to survive”为介词for的宾语的补语。第二句是复合句,“mechanisms”和“such as fuel valves, exhaust valves and starting air valves”是同位语,共同在句中作主语。“at which they will work satisfactorily and remain lubricated”为定语从句修饰介词宾语temperatures。

这只是轮机英语中一个普通的句子,像这种结构复杂的长句,在轮机英语中比比皆是。学生在学习过程中,往往觉得眼前一团乱麻,无法理清句子的结构,所以也就无法正确理解句子的含义。

第四,轮机英语句中使用被动语态较多。英语句子中谓语动词用被动语态表示的远远超过汉语句子。这是因为汉语中许多主语是谓语动作的承受者的句子常用主动语态句表示。如:“图画完了”,而实际上是“图被画完了”;“一艘货船正在建造中”,实际上是“货船正在被建造着”等等。[2]句子中的“被”、“由”、“受”、“为”等表示被动意义的字眼常予以省略,而英语语法又不允许像汉语语法那样可以省略表示被动意义的词汇。在英语中,使用被动语态最多的就是像轮机英语这样的科技类说明文。这是由于在科技类文章中,句中谓语动词的动作执行者往往是我们不重视、不知道或者根本没必要指出的,所以轮机英语中,被动语态的使用是比较频繁的。比如下面的句子:Each cylinder start valve will be opened immediately after the top dead centre position has been passed and closed just before the exhaust ports are due to open according to the direction of rotation required. 我们可以看到,这个句子中谓语动词多次使用被动语态,轮机英语中谓语动词被动语态的使用由此可见一斑。

二、学习方法与技巧

由以上分析看来,轮机英语作为一门内容广泛,专业性强、语法复杂的课程,学习者若要学好它,必须掌握一定的学习技巧。针对专业词汇多这一点,平时要注意积累和总结,积少成多。另外记单词一定要温故知新,要时不时地回过头来把以前所学所记的单词温习一下,这样有很好的巩固记忆的作用,可以使单词记得比较牢固,而且可以延长记忆时间。

对于句子结构复杂,语法项目多这一点,首先,不要因为句子太长而产生畏惧心理,因为无论是多么复杂的句子,它都是由一些基本的成分组成的。其次,要弄清英语原文的句法结构,找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思,然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系。分析长句可以用以下方法:

1.找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语,从整体上把握句子的结构。

2.找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。

3.分析从句和短语的功能。例如:是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等,若是状语,它是表示时间、原因、结果还是表示条件等等。

4.分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系。例如:定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。

5.注意插入语等其他成分。

6.注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。

只有这样把句子中各部分一一剖析,才能正确把握句子结构,把句子分析清楚,准确理解句子含义。

被动语态在学习上还是比较容易的,只要我们能够正确把握句子中各部分的关系,翻译时能够灵活地、适当地添加“被”、“由”、“受”、“为”等表示被动意义的字眼,翻译成地道的汉语句子,这一点对于我们能够准确理解句子含义是很重要的。

三、总 结

千里之行始于足下,学习理论的最终目的是能把它正确地运用于实践中。希望轮机专业的广大学员或有志于中国航海事业的有志之士,在学习轮机英语时,能够运用正确的方法,注意分析总结,举一反三,学好轮机英语,提高英语水平,在波澜壮阔的大海上扬帆前行,乘风破浪,秀出中国海员应有的风采!

参考文献

1 王建斌.轮机英语.大连:大连海事大学出版社,2001.10:24

3.轮机常用英语 篇三

航海高职院校轮机英语教学改革初探

本文分析了目前航海高职院校轮机英语教学的现状及面临的航运业的`机遇和挑战,认为培养具有较高英语水平的船员势在必行,并据此对轮机英语教学改革进行了初步探讨.

作 者:宋旭 SONG Xu 作者单位:青岛远洋船员学院外语部,山东,青岛,266071刊 名:青岛远洋船员学院学报英文刊名:JOURNAL OF QINGDAO OCEAN SHIPPING MARINERS COLLGE年,卷(期):29(1)分类号:H319关键词:课程设置 视听媒体 情景教学 教辅结合

4.英语简历常用英语词汇 篇四

个人品质:

able有才能的,能干的adaptable适应性强的active主动的,活泼的aggressive有进取心的ambitious有雄心壮志的amiable和谐亲切的amicable友好的analytical 善于分析的apprehensive有理解力的aspiring有志气的,有抱负的audacious大胆的,有冒险精神的capable有能力的,有才能的careful办理仔细的candid正直的competent能胜任的constructive建设性的cooperative有合作精神的 creative富有创造力的dedicated有奉献精神的dependable可靠的diplomatic老练的,有策略的disciplined守纪律的dutiful尽职的well-educated受过良好教育的efficient有效率的energetic精力充沛的expressivity善于表达的faithful守信的,忠诚的frank直率的,真诚的generous宽宏大量的genteel有教养的gentle有礼貌的humorous有幽默感的impartial公正的independent有主见的motivated勤奋的ingenious有独创性的motivated目的明确的intelligent理解力强的learned精通某门学问的logical条理分明的methodical有方法的modest谦虚的objective客观的precise一丝不苟的punctual严守时刻的realistic实事求是的responsible负责的sensible明白事理的sporting光明正大的steady踏实的systematic有系统的 purposeful意志坚强的sweet-tempered性情温和的temperate稳健的tireless孜孜不倦的教育程度:

education学历educational history学历educational background教育程度curriculum课程

educational highlights课程重点部分curriculum included课程包括minor副修major主修specialized courses专门课程courses taken所学课程special training特别训练social practice社会实践part-time job业余工作summer jobs暑期工作vacation jobs假期工作

refresher course进修课程extracurricular activities课外活动physical activities体育活动recreational activities娱乐活动academic activities学术活动social activities社会活动rewards 奖励scholarship奖学金excellent League Member优秀团员excellent leader优秀干部student council学生会student union学生会off-job training脱产培训in-job training在职培训educational system学制academic year 学年semester学期(美)term学期(英)supervisor论文导师pass及格

fail不及格marks 分数

examination 考试degree学位

post doctorate博士后doctor(Ph.D)博士1

master硕士bachelor学士graduate student研究生abroad student留学生undergraduate大学肄业生government-supported student公费生commoner自费生extern走读生intern实习生prize fellow奖学金生boarder寄宿生graduate毕业生guest student旁听生(英)auditor旁听生(美)day-student走读生compulsory courses必修课Continuing course继续教育seminar研讨会

foreign language proficiency外语水平G..P.A(grade point average)平均分数 symposium 专题报告会Extracurricular activity课外活动optional course/ subject选修课程A.B.&BA(Bachelor of Arts)文学硕士

B.S&B.Sc(Bachelor Science)理学硕士A.M&M.A(Master of Arts)文学硕士M.S&M.Sc(Master of Science)理学硕士

工作经历:

work experience工作经历occupational history工作经历professional history职业经历specific experience具体经历responsibilities职责second job第二职业achievements工作成就,业绩administer管理assist辅助adapted to适应于accomplish 完成(任务等)appointed被任命的adept in善于analyze分析authorized委任的,核准的behave表现break the record打破记录breakthrough关键问题的解决

个人资料:

name姓名pen name 笔名alias别名Mr.先生Miss小姐Ms小姐或太太Mrs.太太age年龄bloodtype血型address地址permanent address永久住址province省city市country县prefecture专区autonomous region自治区nationality民族,国籍citizenship国籍native place籍贯duel citizenship 双重国籍family status家庭状况marital status婚姻状况married已婚single未婚divorced离异separeted分居number of children子女人数health condition健康状况health健康状况excellent(身体)极佳short-sighted近视far-sighted远视ID card身份证date of availability可到职时间inch 英寸foot英尺street街road路district 区house number门牌lane 胡同,巷height身高weight 体重born生于birthday生日 date of birth 出生日期birthdate 出生日期birthplace 出生地点 home phone 住宅电话office phone 办公室电话 business phone 办公电话

current address目前住址postal code邮政编码 membership会员、资格vice-president 副会长president 会长standing director常务理事director理事association协会society学会secretary-general 秘书长architect建筑师administrative assistant行政助理associate professor 副教授assistant professor助理教授chief physician 主任医师attending doctor主治医师marketing executive营销主管registered nurse注册护士chief accountant主任会计师business manager业务经理senior consultant高级顾问computer processing operator 电脑处理操作员senior vice president高级副总裁director of Human Resources人力资源部主任financial controller财务主任software engineer 软件工程师research assistant助理研究员trust banking executive 银行高级职员

离职原因:

for more specialized work为更专门的工作

for prospects of promotion为晋升的前途

for higher responsibility为更高层次的工作责任

for wider experience为扩大工作经验

due to close-down of company由于公司倒闭

due to expiry of employment由于雇佣期满

sought a better job找到了更好的工作

to seek a better job找一份更好的工作

业余爱好:

hobbies业余爱好play the guitar弹吉他

reading 阅读play chess下棋

play话剧long distance running 长跑

play bridge打桥牌collecting stamps集邮

play tennis打网球jogging慢跑

5.浅谈轮机英语教学的几个误区 篇五

【关键词】轮机英语 教学方法 误区

【中图分类号】G71【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-3089(2013)12-0103-02

在历年海事局组织的适任证书考试中,轮机英语理论的通过率总是低于其它科目,在某种程度上成为学校提高总体通过率的一个瓶颈,而轮机英语教学过程会直接影响到学生的学习积极性及对知识点的掌握程度,进而影响通过率,因而教学过程起着举足轻重的作用。如何提高学生学习轮机英语的兴趣,提高英语水平,提高成绩成为老师研究教学的焦点,现结合自己的教学经验就轮机英语教学普遍存在的几个误区做一简要分析。

误区一 懂得专业知识就行

航海类轮机工程管理专业理论考证科目共7门,分别为主机、辅机、管理、电气、工程基础、机修和轮机英语,虽然在《11规则》生效后考试科目改为5门,但轮机英语的学习在甲类航区的大证考试中影响重大。轮机英语是以英语语言为载体来叙述专业课知识点的专业英语,因而一些老师会认为专业英语嘛,只要学好专业课,轮机英语看看题库就通过了,这种说法是片面的,强调了专业知识的重要却忽视了语言这门载体更重要,就像一艘运送货物的船舶,要运送的货物排放的平整,而船舶却构造的危机四伏,如何能在海上乘风破浪呢?再者学生的英语基础本就薄弱,对基本的词汇,句型结构掌握不牢,即使知道专业知识,又能读懂几个英语句子,看得懂英文说明书呢?因而学好轮机英语需要英语水平和专业知识两者都要抓两者都要硬。

误区二 阅读课与听说无关

轮机英语阅读所用教材以王建斌主编的《轮机英语》为主,读过这本书的人都有相似观点,书中句子长,复合句、并列句多,句子结构复杂,不易读懂,因而我们在开轮机英语阅读这门课之前先学习《轮机英语基础》来让学生热身,找找学习长句子的感觉。不论在基础阶段还是深入阶段,一些老师只注重了词汇的积累,句子的分析,阅读能力的提升,而忽视了听说这一环节,会认为阅读课就是阅读能力的增强,而听说能力的提高留给听说课好了。这种观点严重违反了事物普遍联系这一哲学原理。从某种程度上阅读课是全面提高学生英语水平的课程。

学习语言要从“听说读写”入手,可“听说读”是关系最密切的,他们属于对知识的输入,“写”是对知识的输出,只有足够的输入,才会有足量的输出。而在输入阶段,只用到“读”这一形式过于单一,所以要用上“听和说”,阅读课的知识点全面,词汇丰富,更容易练习“听和说”。这里的“说”不是要求学生讲英语脱口而出,口若悬河,当然这也是学生很难达到的水平,而是开发学生的“最近发展区”将学过的词组,如to transform sth. from A to B, 简单的句子,如The diesel engine is an internal combustion engine.说出来,从而辅助记忆,去掌握更多更长的句子,形成良性循环,达到良好的输入效果。

误区三 课文讲解与题库练习异步

现在的授课过程是一个学期讲《轮机英语》课本中的课文内容,一个学期对相关题库的题目进行强化,因而存在脱节。学课文时,没做配套题目巩固课文内容,使得对课文理解不深刻;做题库题目时,因课文已经学习完太久,相关题目竟又找不出头绪,两者欠缺相辅相成的作用。现在越来越多的老师已经认识到这种不合理,因而在以后的教学中要将课文和题目结合,课文讲解完紧跟相关题目,从而加深课文理解,增强题目解析。形成“你中有我,我中有你”的知识体系。

误区四 课堂教学与课下巩固脱节

现在的教学手段日益多样化,不再只是借助于黑板和粉笔,随着多媒体的广泛应用,学生可以图文并茂的吸收知识,老师也忙于课件的制作,但会走入一个误区,过于追求课件的观赏性,而忽视了使用性。有的课件呈现的内容多而杂,因而教学者在实际教学中会被“翻页”牵着鼻子走,课堂成了图片的展示。由于课堂内容无重点难点之分,学生课下也无从巩固,故难以提高其学习效率。

课堂上老师的教与课下学生的学是互补的,所以学习提倡课前复习,课上听讲和课后复习。有的老师认为课讲完了,布置作业学生不就可以课下巩固了吗?对,老师在意的是“讲完了”,作业也有了,似乎就完成了全部的任务,有没有想过学生“学会了”吗?课上零零散散的讲解还是繁文冗长的说给学生听,重点难点提炼了吗?布置的作业是考试的关键点吗,还是只是一种形式,那对于学生的掌握程度建立了反馈机制吗?学生对知识点的巩固到何种程度了,还需要进一步的练习加深吗?因而我们老师要树立课堂精讲、条理、重难点突出,以利于学生课下的巩固,而课下巩固不只是学生的事情,老师要及时倾听学生的反馈,全面了解对课堂内容的巩固情况,为以后的授课打好基础,为学生的学习打好基础。

误区五 宁可多讲忽略精讲

要想讲好课必先备好课,讲课时的语言表述重要,但备课思路更为重要。讲述者思路有了,思路清晰,那倾听者自然不会一头雾水。讲过《轮机英语》题库的老师必然知道,里面的题目比较混乱,大管轮的和三管轮的题目混在一起,锅炉的和泵的题目混在一起,即使是现在大连海事大学出版的《轮机英语考证自学教材》,虽已将题目归类,分成主机、辅机、电气、管理四部分,各大部分中又分了各章节,但里面同样出现重复题,没有将同一知识点的不同英文表述的题目放在一起,学生只能孤立的理解题目,题目之间不能融会贯通。老师对题目一个挨一个的讲,学生一个挨一个的听,题目孤立的存入学生脑海。老师没少讲题,学生却是孤立无援。因而老师忽略了一个思路,就是将同一知识点的题目串起来讲,精讲,讲前两道题,后面的三道由学生自己思考,举一反三,由学生讲解,尽可能多的发挥学生的主观能动性。这样学生在题目与题目之间找到了连接点,知识得以串联,学生学的扎实,学的有劲儿。

以上是对轮机英语教学的一点反思,教学相长,教学虽然存在一定的重复性,但更多的是学习、思考和创新的过程。同样的内容每教一遍都会有新的收获,又会到达一个新的起点,在今后的教学中更加努力,争取更大的提高。

参考文献:

[1]刘肖沛,STCW公约马尼拉修正案对航海英语教学的启示, 青岛远洋船员职业学院,2012

6.英语四级英语作文常用语句 篇六

2.The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

3.No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

4.People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

5.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

6.When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。

7.Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person‘s physical fitness.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

8.Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

9.An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city.However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious

problems like crime and prostitution.越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而,越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法,他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题,像犯罪和卖淫。

10.Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少,以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车,而车上可能已满载乘客。(超循环背诵大表)

11.There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.无可否认,空气污染是一个极其严重的问题:城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

12.An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

13.A proper part-time job does not occupy students‘ too much time.In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study.As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。

14.Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin.Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.当前,一提到即将开始的学校生活,许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而,对多数年轻人来说,校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

16.In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.考虑到问题的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施。

17.The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

18.It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.无可争辩,现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

19.Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

20.No one can deny the fact that a person‘s education is the most important aspect of his life.没有人能否认:教育是人生最重要的一方面。(超循环背诵大表)

常用句型:

1. 表示原因

1)There are three reasons for this.

2)The reasons for this are as follows.

3)The reason for this is obvious.

4)The reason for this is not far to seek.

5)The reason for this is that...

6)We have good reason to believe that...

例: There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly,people’s living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly,most people are well paid,and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least,more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.

注:如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子。如:Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。

2.表示好处

1)It has the following advantages.

2)It does us a lot of good.

3)It benefits us quite a lot.

4)It is beneficial to us.

5)It is of great benefit to us.

例: Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better,and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore,reading extensively is of great benefit to us.

3.表示坏处

1)It has more disadvantages than advantages.

2)It does us much harm.

3)It is harmfulto us.

例: However,everything divides into two.Television can also be harmful to us.It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi-sion.

4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能

1)It is important(necessary,difficult,convenient,possible)for sb.to do sth.

2)We think it necessary to do sth.

3)It plays an important role in our life.

例: Computers are now being used everywhere,whether in the government,in schools or in business.Soon,computers will be found in every home,too.We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.

.表示措施

1)We should take some effective measures.

2)We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties.

3)We should do our utmost in doing sth.

4)We should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with.

例: The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.Therefore,we must take some effective measures to solve it.

6.表示变化

1)Some changes have taken place in the past five years.

2)A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications.

3)The computer has brought about(导致)many changes in education.

例: Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years.The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek.Nowadays,more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein,and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins.

7.表示事实、现状

1)We cannot ignore the fact that...

2)No one can deny the fact that...

3)There is no denying the fact that...

4)This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.

5)However,that’s not the case.

例: We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution.To solve these problems,we can start by educating the public about the hazards(危害)of pollution.The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.

8.表示比较

1)Compared with A,B...

2)I prefer to read rather than watch TV.

3)There is a striking contrast between them.

例: Compared with cars,bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable.Firstly,they do not consume natural resources of petrol(石油).Secondly,they do not cause the pollution problem.Last but not least,they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise.

9.表示数量

1)It has increased(decreased)from...to...

2)The population in this city has now increased(decreased)to 800,000.

7.英语作文常用词句 篇七

1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

There are different opinions among people as to ____.Some

people suggest that ____.2.俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old saying______.Its the experience of our

forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even

today.3.现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……; 其次,……。更为糟糕的是……。

Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily

life.First, ____ Second,____.What makes things worse is

that______.4.现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)

Nowadays,it is common to ______.Many people like ______

because ______.Besides,______.5.任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不 利的一面。

Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it

has both advantages and disadvantages.6.关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看 来,……

People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person.Some people say that ______.To them,_____.任何事物都是有两面性,…也不例外。

它既有有利的一面,也有不

利的一面。Everything has two sides and()

is not an exception,it has both advantages

and disadvantages.…已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。()has become a hot topic

among people,especially among the young and

heated debates are right on their way.…在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用

它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。()has been playing an

increasingly important role in our day-to-day

life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but

has created some serious problems as well

人类正面临着一个严重的问题…,这个问题变得越来越严重。

Man is now facing a big problem()which is becoming

more and more serious.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图

/成形图可以看出…。很显然…,但是为什么呢?

According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages

in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that()while.Obviously,(),but why?

近义词汇

1.完全:absolute, unconditional, unlimited, complete, unrestricted, unmixed, perfect, entire

2.好:extraordinary, amazing, miraculous, marvelous, stupendous, excellent, good, well, wonderful, fine, nice, of high quality, pleasing, surprising, agreeable

3.小:small, diminutive, puny, little, pocket-sized, petit, minute, tiny

4.多:big , enormous, large, gigantic, vast, tremendous, gargantuan, huge, immense, a lot of, lots of, many, much, plenty of, a great deal of, a number of, an amount of, a great many, a good many, many a, scores of, dozens of, a great quantity of

5.高兴,快乐:delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, charmed, pleasant, cheerful, cheering, merry, happy, gratified, glad, gay, agreeable, friendly, content, satisfied, light-hearted, joyful

6.真的:True, truthful, veracious, faithful, accurate, loyal, staunch, genuine, honest, real, trustworthy, constant.7.全,都:all, whole, entire, complete, perfect, total, the whole number of , unbroken , gross

常见的连接词

连接词根据其本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义可分为几类:

a.表示开场to begin with , in the first place , in general , generally speakingb.表示总结to summarize , to sum up , to conclude , in conclusion , finallyc.表示举例a case in point , a good illustration / example of „ is „,d.表示原因because , since , for , the cause of , the reason for , now thate.表示结果as a result , as a consequence , consequently

f.表示比较both , like , likewise , similarly , in common , in the same wayg.表示对照on the contrary , on the other hand , despite , in spite of , howeverh.表示列举first , firstly , in the first place , first of all , to begin withi.表示强调especially , particularly , certainly , surely , chiefly , actuallyj.表示让步even though , although , in spite of , however , but ,yet

写作的启、承、转、合常用词语小结

1.有关“启”的常用词语(用来引导主题句或跟在主题句的后面,引导第一个扩展句)at first 首先

at present 现在;当今

currently 现在;最近

first 首先;第一

first of all 首先

firstly 首先

2.有关“承”的常用词语(用来承接主题句或第一个扩展句)

to start with 首先;第一

after 此后

after a few days 几天之后

after a while 过了一会儿

also 并且

at any rate 无论如何

at the same time 同时(用在“转”时,作“可是”解)

besides(this)此外

3.有关“转”的常用词语(用来表示不同或相反的语气)

after all 毕竟

all the same 虽然;但是

anyway 无论如何

at the same time 可是(表轻微转折)

but 但是

conversely 相反地

despite 尽管,虽然

4.有关“合”的常用词语(用来引导结尾句或最后一个扩展句,表示段落的结束)above all 最重要

accordingly 于是

as a consequence 因此

as a result 结果

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