初二年级下学期英语教学工作总结

初二年级下学期英语教学工作总结（精选4篇）

1.初二年级下学期英语教学工作总结 篇一

初二年级下学期语法总结

一．一般将来时

表示一般将来时在八年级中我们已经学习了以下几种表现形式： 1．用现在进行时表将来时（表示按计划安排要发生的事件。）What are you doing this weekend? I’m playing soccer with Jim.Are you visiting the aquarium tomorrow? Yes, we are.2．用be going to do表将来时（表示明确的打算或用来表示必然，很可能发生的事或自然现象。）

It is going to rain this afternoon.We’re going to have a new subject this year.3．用will do表示将来时（表示单纯的将来概念或表示“意愿”。）I will see you tomorrow.Will you please open the door? 二．交际用语——寻求/提出建议 Ask for advice 寻求建议（1）What shall I do?（2）Can you help me?/Can you give me a hand?（3）What should he do?（4）Could you give me some advice?(a piece of advice, some pieces of advice)Give suggestions 提出建议（1）You should say you are sorry.（2）You could write him a letter.（3）They shouldn’t argue.（4）Maybe you should call him up.（5）I think Evin should tell her friend to get different clothes.（6）Why don’t you tell him the truth?（7）Why not borrow one?（8）Let’s go shopping.（9）Shall we play soccer?（10）How about /What about seeing a movie?（11）You’d better not go out now.（12）It’s best to wear warm clothes.三、语法点拨—过去进行时的用法

1．过去进行时的构成：动词be的过去式was /were＋动词的现在分词构成。（1）过去进行时的否定式是在动词be后加not构成。例如： He wasn’t watching TV when his mother came back.妈妈回来的时候他没在看电视。

We weren’t playing basketball when he arrived.他到的时候我们没有打篮球。

（2）过去进行时的疑问句是将动词be（were, was）移至句首。例如： Were you playing the computer games at 10 last night? 昨天晚上10点你在玩电脑游戏吗？

Was your brother doing his homework at this time yesterday? 你哥哥昨天这个时候在做作业吗？ 注意：

①I was 不能缩写成I’s;They were, We were不能缩写成They’ere, We’ere

②有些表示感情知觉和状态的动词一般不用于进行时态，如：see, hear, love, like，know, remember, understand，have等。

2．过去进行时的用法：表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作。例如： I was watching TV at that time.那时我正在看电视。

He was cooking at 12 o’clock yesterday.昨天12点时他正在做饭。

When I came in, she was writing a letter.我进来时她正在写信。

The students were talking about the movie when the teacher came in.老师进来时学生们正在谈论那部影片。

3．过去进行时还可以用来表示在过去某阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。例如：

They were waiting for you yesterday.昨天他们在等你。

He was studying in a middle school at that time.那时他在中学念书。

4．过去进行时行时与一般过去时的区别：

过去进行时表示在过去某时间里正在进行的动作或存在的状态，一般过去时则表示一个发生在过去的动作或状态，一般说来该动作已完成。例如：

They were writing a letter to their pen-pals last night.（表示他们在昨晚某时刻正在做的动作，但不强调信是否写完）They wrote a letter yesterday.（表示一个完整的动作）辨析：when与while（1）when adv.（关系副词）当„„ 时；（疑问副词）什么时候，何时（2）When will he come? 他什么时候来？

It was raining when they started.他们动身时正下着雨。

We’ll start when the team leader comes.队长一来，我们就出发。（2）while conj.当„„的时候，和„„同时 While he was eating, I asked him to lend me $ 2.当他正在吃饭时，我请他借给我2美元。

when=at that time 当„„的时候，其动作可以是延续性动作，也可以是瞬间的动作。

e.g.When I came in, he was reading.When I was a child, I liked soccer very much.while=during the time that„ 在„„期间，与其连用的动作通常是延续性的动作，不与瞬间的动词连用（其引导的从句通常用过去进行时）。

While her children were doing their homework, she was doing some housework.当她的孩子们在做作业时，她在做家务活。

While the students were reading the new words, the teacher walked around in the classroom.四、语法点拨——直接引语与间接引语（Direct speech and Indirect Speech）

1．直接引语与间接引语

当我们引用别人的话时，我们可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把意思转述出来。如果是引用原话，被引用的部分被称为直接引语(Direct Speech)。如果转述别人的话，就被称为间接引语（Indirect Speech）

e.g.Lana said,“I’m not going to her house on Friday night.”（直接引语）

Lana said(that)she was not going to her house on Friday night.（间接引语）

直接宾语通常都用引号“”括起来，间接引语多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。

如果引用的句子原来是个陈述句，我们在间接引语中就要注意以下几点：（1）在引语的开头用连词that：（2）根据句意改变人称：

（3）注意引语中的谓语与主句的谓语在时态上的一致：

※这个句子中因为有明显的过去时间状语，可以不改。（4）根据句意将指示代词、地点、时间状语等作必要的改动： 一般情况下，通常有以下的变化：

2．当直接引语为一般疑问句时，间接引语由if或whether引导。其人称、时态、时间状语、地点状语等的变化与陈述句的变化相同，另还要注意将疑问句的语序变成陈述句。

※在这种情况下，通常将say改成ask，在后面可以加上一个间接宾语(me, him, us等)。

3．当直接引语为特殊疑问句时，将其改成由原来的特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，将其语序改变成陈述句的语序。（其它变化与前面的两种句型相同。）

4．当直接引语为祈使句时，我们通常用一个简单句来转述，这个请求或命令通常由一个复合宾语来表示；其动词通常用tell, ask, order等。

五．if引导的条件状语从句：

If you go to the party,you’ll have a great time.这是一个含有的复合句。主句用将来时或含有情态动词的句子，从句的将来时用现在时表示。如：

if引导的条件状语从句是本单元的重点语法项目，也是中考的考点，请同学们多加注意。

六、语法点拨——现在完成进行时 ※构成：have/has＋been＋现在分词

※用法：用来表示某一动作在过去开始，一直延续到现在，有可能刚刚结束，也有可能还要继续下去。

※与其连用的时间状语：

现在完成进行时常与for 2 hours, since 1986, all this morning, these few days 等表示一段时间的状语连用。如：

七、现在完成时

现在完成时表示在说话时刚刚结束的某一动作或状态，强调对现在的影响，由“助动词have/has +动词的过去分词”构成。翻译成汉语时通常会用到“已经”等字样。

We have learned five English songs this term.这学期我们已经学了五首英文歌曲。I have seen this movie.我已经看过这部电影。

注意have /has been to;have /has/ gone to;have / has been in 的区别。

been是系动词be的过去分词形式。be有多种形式：一般现在时态形式是am, is, are,过去式是was, were, 现在分词形式是being。

have been in„ 在„„多长时间了

I have been in the cinema for three hours.我在电影院里待了3个小时。

三者都是现在完成时态，“have been to＋地点”表示去过某处，现在已经回来，不在那里了；而“have gone to＋地点”则表示到某处去了，现在还没有回来，可能在去的途中，也可能在那里或返回的途中；“have been in＋地点”表示某人在某处待了多长时间。试比较：

He has been to Beijing.他去过北京。（现在不在北京）He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。（现在在北京或在途中）He has been in Beijing for two years.他在北京两年了。

八、Would you mind„? 你介意做„„吗?

这是英语中委婉请求的表达方式，语气委婉、客气、礼貌，易于对方接受。其结构是would you mind＋动名词＋其他? 5 注意针对该句型的回答，英汉有别。如果表示“不介意”，常说“No, not at all／please do／go ahead／ certainly not”；表示“介意”，则用“I’m sorry, but I do／I’d rather you didn’t／you’d better not”等。如：

九、如何给别人提出建议和意见

1、Why don’t you do sth.?为什么不做某事呢？

表示商量或给对方的建议，否定式疑问显得更委婉，更容易为对方所接受。通常也可以用Why not do sth.?来表达。如：

2、How about a scarf? 一条围巾怎么样？ How about„? =What about„? „„怎么样？ 提出一种可能性，询问对方意见。

十、语法点拨——反意疑问句

The pictures are beautiful, aren’t they? Yes, they are.It’s a nice day, isn’t it? Yes, it is.You like sports, don’t you? Yes, I do.It looks like rain, doesn’t it? No, it doesn’t.以上疑问句表示说话者对某事已有看法，为了可靠或出于礼貌发问，以求得确切答案，称为反意疑问句。反意疑问句由两个部分组成：陈述句＋附加疑问句。

2.2013初二年级下学期工作计划 篇二

一、指导思想：

结合学校和上级教育主管部门的工作目标和要求，以德育为主线，以教学为龙头，以人为本，创造性的开展工作，给教师和学生营造人性化的空间。树立落实德育为教学服务的思想，严抓常规教育，狠抓教育教学质量，做到措施得力，落实到位，管理到位，检查到位，为年级的可持续发展奠定坚实的基础。在年级内大力倡导“团结、实干、高效、创新”工作作风，积极探索班级管理模式和课堂教学模式，通过强化、细化过程管理，切实提高对年级各班级、各学科的调控能力。同时级部将密切与学校政教处、教务处等职能处室的联系，加强配合，提高执行力。

二、现状分析

（一）教师情况分析

现有的八年级由原有的十个班整合为九个班。通过学期初人员调整，任课老师均是精英骨干，教学工作干劲十足，教师之间团结，班级之间的竞争良性。班主任队伍年轻化，工作有活力。本年级最大优势是学校任务在班主任、任课老师处可以得到有效落实，工作环境和谐。大部分学生行为规范，能遵守学校各项规章制度。

（二）学生状况分析

八年级共有九个教学班，实际在校人数为461人。结合上学期期末考试情况来看，尖子生群体数量上不足，质量上堪忧；学困生群体庞大，如果任其滑坡，不仅其个人前途堪忧，还很有可能对良好学风与班风的保持与发展产生极大的负面影响，本学期有效控制两极分化现象将是摆在全年级教师面前突出问题，要使八年级的教学质量稳步提高，转差工作需要加大力度。因工作整体部署个别班级调整了班主任和科任老师。教师、学生还需要一段磨合和整合的过程。而且这个学期也是初中学生学习的危险期，分水岭产生，厌学、不学学生会增多，安全隐患增大。

四、具体工作及措施

1、强化常规管理，培养良好的行为习惯。

学生是学校的主体，学生良好的行为习惯是班风、校风的重要表现。本学期，我们要对学生进行全方位、全天候的管理，通过多渠道、多形式加强常规纪律教育，逐条逐项学习、落实各项常规。促使学生自强、自律，培养学生养成良好的行为习惯。

2、注重学习兴趣，培养良好的学习习惯。

八年级的学生有很大的可塑性，即使以前没有较好的学习习惯的学生，只要从学习兴趣上激发，注意学习方法的改进和引导，从现在努力也完全可能改变不利局面。平时在教育教学的过程中，真正做学生的良师益友，既要抓课堂听讲，又要抓课后练习，对于一些不良的学习习惯要早发现，早处理，不任其发展。学习上要照顾大部分同学，抓两头、促中间，一方面注重补差，防止后进生队伍的扩大；切实做好对学生自理、自制、自解、自学能力的培养，树立典型，以点带面逐步推进。

3、提高自身素质，着力加强教学过程管理。

教学必须反璞归真，就是要把先进的理念变成明明白白的工作要求，就是要求真务实，让一流的目标成为扎扎实实的行动步骤，教育的健康发展最根本的就是回

归到常规

（1）所有教师都积极参与高效课堂的研讨，让每节课做到高效。

（2）组织开展好教研活动，充分发挥备课组的职能，把集体备课和听课制度落到实处，切实做好横向交流、优势互补。

（3）重视提优补差工作。各位老师应根据本班的实际情况，抓实补差、抓细提优工作。针对学生的特点，分层辅导、补差，分类评价，教师要在思想上引起高度重视，把辅导一个差生与培养一个优生同等看待，因为只有这样，才能提高年级及格率，从而进一步提高平均分，提高竞争力。

（4）教学质量是学校的灵魂、是学校生存所在。着力提高自身素质，加强对新课程、新知识的学习，积极参与争创工作，认真从事课堂教学模式改革，充分运用现代化教学手段，努力上好教改实验展示课，人人争做教学新秀、能手、名师，每位教师必须把标准立在课程标准上，眼睛盯在质量上，功夫花在备课上，点子出在课堂上，确保好课率的提高。

4、加强班主任的队伍建设。

（1）班主任要积极开动脑筋，探索创建优秀班集体的有效途径，善于做好每一个学生的思想教育工作，注重教书育人，晓之以理，动之以情，用“爱心、真心、信心”去带好班级，管理有特色；充分发挥班主任、任课老师的作用，有效地协调好任课老师与学生之间的关系，使全年级任课老师劲往一处使，形成齐抓共管的新局面。

（2）认真召开各阶段的师生会，多层次、多角度去关注每次阶段考试和各类活动，认真分析成绩的得失，总结工作中的不足，共同商讨阶段性的工作思路。加强与学生家长的联系，组织开好不同类型的家长会，使学校教育、家庭教育和社会教育三者有机地结合，达到教育的终极目的。

（3）抓好控辍工作。我们年级组将自始至终协助好班主任做好控辍工作，力争全学年中无流生。

（4）做好卫生保洁工作，做到教室卫生、担当区卫生天天检查，时时清洁，对每周一次的大扫除全面清查。

（5）加强礼仪教育，礼仪的规范和礼仪知识的传授，尤其对家长和教师的尊重。

5、加强安全教育，树立安全意识

八年级过度阶段的特殊性，所以必须把安全工作放在首位。

（1）进行深入扎实的安全宣传教育活动，增强师生的安全意识。

（2）班主任不定时对问题学生进行思想教育，并随时检查学生所带的刀具等违纪物品，杜绝一切隐患。将事故苗头消除在萌芽状态。

五、分阶段工作：

三月：养成教育月

假期优秀作业展、假期作业反馈测试

“墨香笔痕”书法大赛

第一次月考

四月：浸润书香月

1、“浸润书香”读书汇报会

2、英语百词竞赛

3、期中考试

五月：感念亲恩月

母亲节班会

2、“新荷杯”作文大赛

3、月考

六月：拼搏奋斗月

数学百题竞赛

物理竞赛

备战期末

年级组特色：

逐步推行周考制度。周一英语、周二数学、周三物理、周四语文，利用每周下午的自习课对上一周所学内容进行考察，由当周备课中心发言人组题，力争学习内容周周清。

分层家长会。调动家长教育的积极性，使教育更有针对性、实效性。竞赛活动。激发学生的学习兴趣

班级组建“一帮一”小组。带动更多学生进步

3.初二年级下学期英语教学工作总结 篇三

英语学科德育渗透方案

激发和培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使学生树立自信心，发展自主学习的能力和合作精神；培养学生良好的心理品质和爱国主义精神，形成健康的人生观……为他们的终身学习和发展打下良好的基础。”这是《英语新课程标准》中，对教学与德育的关系进行的一种很直观的阐述。在素质教育的今天，德育成为促进学生全面发展最重要的组成部分。教学中如果没有进行有效的德育渗透，那它只是一种没有目的的手段，德育如果没有教学，就是一种失去手段的目的。

在英语教学中，要避免向学生讲大道理，使学生感到枯燥，要做到既有趣味性，又有思想性。形式多样的教学方法会使学生更好地接受品德教育。教师要花时间去认真琢磨学生，琢磨课堂，不能仅仅满足于对教材的通透性和在课堂中重现教材，更要走进学生，了解他们的兴趣，知识储备状况和他们关心的话题，并把知识点有机地融入到学生的需要中，真正挖掘出教材中的思想教育因素。Unit1 How often do you exercise? 鼓励学生积极参加体育锻炼，增强学生体质，促进学生全面发展。

Unit2“What’smatter with you?”这个交际用语时，可以设计病人在医院看病的情景。在这些模拟的语言情景的交际活动中，学生在学习语言的同时，也在学习与他人的合作和交往。这种学习活动有助于培养学生关心他人，互助友爱，文明礼貌等思想品德和行为规范的形成。也可以极大地激发学生的兴趣和创造性，形成课堂教学的高潮。教学的全过程中，教师不断的引导学生成为课堂上的主人，使学生体验到学习的快乐。在浓厚的兴趣和强烈的学习原望的驱使下，学生会忘却羞涩，积极向上，努力合作，去争取更高层次的成功。伴随着这一系列的教学活动，德育融汇其中。

Unit 4 How do you go to school?教育学生遵守社会公德，爱护公共环境。

4.初二年级下学期英语教学工作总结 篇四

1.What would you like?

2.Would you like to have dinner with me?

3.Would you like some butter with your bread.

4.Help yourself to some soup.

5.Do you like fast food?

6.Chocolate is good for our health.--No. I don’t really agree.

7.With sugar or milk?

8.Chinese tea without anything in it.

9.Come and take a seat.

10、Today we are going to have something English

11、This is take away food! This isn’t home cooking.

12、It must be more delicious.

13、A table for two?

14、Can we sit at the table by the window?

15、May I take your order now?

16、Could we have the bill?

17、Have chicken with potatoes.

18、China is very famous for its food in the world.

19、Go along ZhongShan road, and turn right at the second crossing.

20、Go across the bridge. You’ll find the bridge on the left. It’s between the post office and the hospital.

21、You can’t miss it.

22、Go up this road to the end

23、Go on until you reach the end.

24、An old woman is standing at a street corner.

25、She seems worried.

26、He is sick in hospital.

27、is it in one of your pockets?

28、What about your inside pocket?

29、Go down this street until you reach the second traffic lights.

30、At the end of the street.

31、It’ll take you about half an hour

32、That is quite a long way!

33、We had better catch a bus.

34、Twenty minutes later in hospital, the woman finds her husband. He is still quite weak. They look around but LiuMei did not wait for their thanks.

35、The key to my bike

36、You can keep them for two weeks.

37、Help my uncle fix the machine.

38、You must be more careful. That car nearly hit you.

39、It’s dangerous! The car may hit you.

40、If you want to cross a street, you must wait for the green light. You must not cross in front of the traffic. If the light is yellow, you should wait. It is better to wait and be safe.

41、If you drive too fast, you may have an accident. If you make a lot of noise, you may disturb others. If there is a lot of traffic, you must wait. If you are not careful, a car may hit you. If the traffic light is red, you must stop.

42、When many passengers are waiting for a bus, you must stand in line and wait for your turn. When you get on the bus, you must buy ticket. If you get off the bus, you mustn’t push others. When you are in Uk, you must drive on the left. Before you cross the street, you must look left and right.

43、Why are you still in bed? You must get up and get ready for school. If you don’t go soon, you’ll be late.

44、You mustn’t eat anything until you see the doctor.

45、After you use plastic bag, you mustn’t throw them about.

46、People in USA can’t drink beer or wine before they reach 21.

47、It necessary for us to learn to wait.

48、I don’t feel very well=I am not feeling very well

49、What’s the trouble?=what’s wrong?=what’s the matter

50、What a terrible cough

51、I had a pain in my head

52、How are you felling now

53、Let me take your temperature

54、Nothing serious

55、She didn’t feel like eating anything

56、Take the medicine three times/twice/once a day

57、I had to sit down and rest every five minutes

58、There is nothing much wrong.

59、I am afraid you have a problem: you are eating too much

60、I mean you eat too much rich food and you don’t take enough exercise

61、What do I have to do if I want to be thinner?

62、You have to eat less food and take more exercise

63、Instead of them.

64、Are you coming with us?

65、I’d love to, but I am afraid……

66、Let’s go to the first island.

67、We’d better not go there

68、We’ve never been there.

69、Let’s pull it out of the water

70、The children pulled the boat up from the water.

71、Bring the picnic basket up

72、the food won’t get too hot

73、Keep it cool

74、I can hear sth.

75、Perhaps there are some dangerous animals.

76、Let’s go for a walk

77、Time for our lunch

78、get sth to eat.

79、solve this problem

80、drop the basket and run away

81、be happy to get their basket back

82、They eat up all the food very soon.

83、I didn’t join them.

84、She looks worried.

85、I can’t leave her by herself.

86、He look at me and cry harder and harder.

87、I make faces and jump like a monkey

88、I did all kinds of funny things

89、Dad is going to take me to our hometown in JIangXi

90、My parents will take Victor and me to a few cities in the south

91、They are all very interesting places.

92、Fly to the moon

93、Can you stand on your head?

94、His right hand is badly hurt, he had to draw a picture with his left hand

95、He make one of the smaller animals bring him sth. To eat

96、He tell me not to bring anything to you.

97、Look into the river

98、With these words

99、He heard someone playing his sonata in F

100、From the small house came a girl’s voice:“I can’t play any more“

101、How I wish I could hear Beethoven himself play it!

102、We can not afford to buy tickets to the concert

103、I just say it for fun.

104、In a dim candle light a girl was sitting before a piano

105、A young man was making shoes at a table near her

106、Pardon me

107、I heard the woman next door playing this music

108、I listened to her out of the window for a long time

109、The moon shine brightly in through the window

110、They listened to him silently, they both lost themselves

111、He is too young to dress himself

112、Why not take you brother out with you

113、I think it’s time for us to leave

114、Don’t leave anything behind

115、Which sport are you in=Which sport do you take part in

116、Do you take an active part in?

117、LiLei pass the stick on to Jim

118、They were neck and neck

119、At the end of the second lap, they both pass their sticks at the same time

120、He dropped his stick on the ground

121、Headteacher is going to tell us the results right now

122、It’s written by Bill Gares

123、It tell us how computer technology can solve business problems in new ways

124、It was the best-sellers on the New York times list

125、He was named William Henry after his grandfather

126、He and some of his friends doing unusual things

127、He go to Harvard University

128、He developed the Basic language for the first microcomputer

129、They improved the software to make it easier for people to use computer

130、Do you plan to get a present

131、I am not sure if that’s a good idea.

132、Bill decided to buy some medicine for them

133、Bill think that it is right for rich people to help poor people.

134、Mar Twain was a great American writer.

135、He like to tell funny stories to make people laugh, he also like playing jokes on his friends

136、He was travelling with a friend of his

137He was rather angry with the man upstairs

138、You drop your boots on the floor, it happens every night.

139、He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door

140、Please drop the other boot! I was waiting the sound of the other boot, I can’t get to sleep

141、He decided to refuse them politely.

142、I went to bed too late. I was doing my homework and forgot the time

143、My wallet dropped on the ground.

144、A woman saw it happen when she was walking past.

145、The truck was coming round the corner

146、It was carrying some large bags rice

147、He didn’t see the bag of rice until it was too late

148、Luckily he was not badly hurt

149、Don’t mention it. Don’t crowd round him

150、The girl let the traffic go again

151、As quickly she could= As soon as possible

152、With the medicine box under her arm ,Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the man

153、 Mrs Beet a 38-year-old woman

156、While she was trying to pass a truck before her, she saw 157、another car coming.

158、She quickly turned her streering wheel.

159、She couldn’t stop her own car, it ran into the river.

160、He jumped into the water at once

161、He pulled her out of the window and then out of the window

162、He gave Mrs. Beet mouth-to-mouth breathing

163、She came herself

164、A new ship set off (set out) from England to America 165、on its first trip

166、There were over people

167、The trip was pleasant and people were enjoying themselves

168、He could the iceberg here and there

169、A man on watch shouted:“Iceberg in front

170、Ship hit the iceberg and came to a stop

171、Water begin to come inside and start to sink

172、Children and woman were the first to get into the 173、lifeboats

174、Please make room for me

175、There is no more room here

176、Take my place. I am not married and I have no children

177、She got out and the thankful woman joined her children

178、Soon after that, the ship sank

179、More than 1500 people lost their lives. Among those 180、was the young woman

181、It has the colours of sky

182、I jump up and stand on my toes

183、I hold my head high in the air

184、We rub our necks together

二、句型

1.so + 助动词+人称代词主格

2.pass sb. Sth=pass sth. to sb.

3.either……or

4.neither……nor

5.It seems that

6.find sb. doing sth.

7.make sb. doing sth.

8.stop doing sth.

9.It will take sb. some times to do sth.

10.had better do sth.

11.be happy to do sth.

12.remember+宾语从句

13.So + 主语 + 助动词

14.Seem +形容词

15、It necessary for sb. to do sth.

16、not until.

17、invite sb. to do sth.

18、invite sb. to ……

19、stop doing sth.

20、Take sb. To the hospital

21、He has to stay in bed when he is sick

22、Do I have to stop eating ice cream

23、No I don’t have to, but you must eat less of it

24、Feel like doing

25、Stop from doing sth.

26、Dream about that

27、Be busy doing

28、all by oneself

29、take care of sb.

30、After a while

31、Run away

32、Eat up

33、Turn off/on

34、Make faces

35、Any more

36、Afford to do sth.

37、Knock at/on

38、To one’s surprise

39、Look up

40、Leave behind

41、100-meter race

42、take an active part in

43、pass on

44、catch up with sb.

45、Fall behind sb.

46、Neck and neck

47、A moment later

48、Well done

49、Congratulations to sb. On sth

50、Not as/so……as

51、Take turns

52、Do one’s best

53、Best seller

54、Be interested in

55、In the future

56、Work out

57、Play a joke on

58、Get on well with

59、Fed up with

60、Take off

61、Be angry with

62、Play with

63、As usual

64、Mouth-to-mouth

65、Come to oneself

66、Hard-working

67、At moment

68、Set off

69、Here and there

70、On watch

71、Look out

72、Make room for

73、Take one’s place

74、Lay eggs

四、词组和词语辨析

1、a fewa bitfewlittlea little

afew修饰可数名词，表肯定，few表示否定，反义词是many。A little修是不可数名词，表肯定，little表否定，反义词是much。A bit不能直接修是不可名词，用a bit of +不可数名词=a little。 Not a bit =not……at all。 Not a little=very much。

2、botheithereither

both后面谓语动词用复数，neither.either后面谓语动词用单数

3、both andeither oreither nor

both and连接两个主语时，谓语动词采用复数形式。Either or 和 neither no连接句子两个主语时，谓语动词和nor或or 后的主语在数上和人称上保持一致。

4、agree with 和 agree to

agree with表示同意某人的意见，with后常接表示人的名词或代词。Agree to表示同意(或赞成)意见，to后多杰表示计划、建议、安排等的名词。

5、ask sb. for sth.和ask for sb./ sth.

ask for 后接某人时，意为找某人，接某物时，意为要某物。ask sb. for sth.意为向某人要某物

6、kinds of 各种各样的。

7、take a seat 请坐

8、be famous for 因…而有名

9、acrosscross hough

across是介词，强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向进行的动作，放在动词后。Cross 是动词，后接名词。

Through 是介词，表示的动作是在内部空间进行的，只船过沙漠、森林等。

10.arriveget toeach

arrive是不及物动词，接介词in/at + 地点名词。到小地方用at 到达地方用in。reach 是及物动词，后面直接接宾语。Get 是不及物动词后面接介词to,再和表示地点的名词连用。

11、at the end of 和to the end

at the end of表示在……末，可表示时间也可以表示地点。To the end表示到(某一终点)为止。可指时间，地点

12、be worriedworryworry about

be worried是系表结构的短语.worry可用作及物动词和不及物动词。做及物动词，意为使烦恼，后接宾语，表示人的代词或名词。做不及物动词，常与about连用。Worry about sth.

13、borrowlendkeep

borrow 表示借进，即说话人向别人借东西供自己用。Borrow sth. from sb.或Borrow sth. from somewhere。Lend表示借出，即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用。Lend sth. to sb.或lend sb. sth。keep 与一段时间连用。

14、wait for 等待

15、in time 及时

16、make one’s way to 往……走去

17、get/be lost 迷失(道路)

18、just then 正在那时

19、first of all 首先;第一

20、be readye/get ready toe/get ready for

be ready 意思是做好准备，表示一切准备就绪的状态。Be ready to和get ready to意为准备，都接动词原形。Be ready for和get ready for意思是“为……做好准备。”后接名词或代词。

21、So+助动词(be动词或情态动词)+主语。So+主语+助动词(be动词或情态动词)

So+助动词(be动词或情态动词)+主语。常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物。该句中助动词(be动词或情态动词)必须与前句的谓语动词以及后句的主语的人称和数保持一致。So+主语+助动词(be动词或情态动词)结构意思是的确如此。表示后者赞同前者话的意见。前后句主语指的是同一事物。

22、stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth.

stop to do sth。是表示“停止做(原来做的)某事，去做另外的某事，stop doing表示是停止正在做的某事。

23、say ellspeak alk

say多只用言语表达自己的意思，强调说话内容，是及物动词。Speak做不及物动词指说话的能力和方式，做及物动词时，后接语言的名词。Talk指互相之间的谈话，做不及物动词，与介词to、with连用。Tell指把一件事或一个故事讲出来，有连续说的意思。Tell sb. (not) to do sth.

24、noisesoundvoice

noise指的是人们不愿意听的噪声，sound泛指人们可以听到的“声音”voice指说话和唱歌的声音，是不可数名词，表示不同种类的声音时，是可数的

25、much too oo much oo many

much too常用在副词或形容词前，too much修饰不可数名词。Too many修是可数名词复数。

26、look和seem

look着重于由视觉得出的印象。Seem暗示有一定根据，这种判断往往接近现实。两者后面都接形容词、名词。后面接动词不定式时，用于It seems (to do) that 结构时，只能用seem

27、look see watch read

look是不及物动词，强调看的动作，有时多用来唤起别人的注意。See用作及物动词时后接宾语，强调看的结果。Watch是及物动词，只仔细的，有目的的，全神贯注的看。看电视、看比赛习惯上用watch。

28、listenlisten tohear

listen表示有意识的听，强调听的动作。常单独使用，引起对方注意。Listen用作不及物动词，listen to强调听的动作。Hear用作及物动词也可以是不及物动词，强调听的结果

29、maybemay be

maybe是副词，意思是也许、可能，常用在句首=perhaps。May be中may是情态动词，be是动词原形，用在句中。

30、justjust nowjust then

just做刚刚的意思时，常和现在完成时连用，位于助动词后，行为动词前。Just then意思时就在那时

31、jobwork

job是可数名词，work是不可数名词，一般表示抽象意义的工作，可用a piece of work修饰。

32、in hospital in the hospital

in hospital指住院。In the hospital则是指在医院里。

33、put onwear

put on 强调动作，wear 强调状态

34、illsick

ill常用作表语，构成系表结构，也可以做定语，意思是坏的，邪恶的。Sick既可以作表语，也可以做定语意思是恶心，厌倦，不能用ill替换。

35、hundredhundreds of

hundred当他和具体数词连用时，hundred不能用复数形式，hundreds of意思是数以百计的，表示一个不具体的量或夸张的说法。

36、how long how soonhow often

how long主要是对一段时间进行提问，答句通常是for three days. how soon 是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问，答句通常是in+一段时间。How often用来提问某一特定时间进行某个动作的次数,答句通常是always. usually. often. sometimes. once.

37、help sb. do sth.help sb. to do sth.help sb. with sth.

help sb. do sth.和help sb. to do sth.可以互相使用。help sb. with sth.后接代词或名词。

38、hear/see sb. doing sth. 和 hear/see sb. do sth.

hear/see sb. doing sth.意思是“听见，看见某人正在做某事，表示动作正在进行。hear/see sb. do sth.意思是听见，看见某人做了某事，即动作全过程结束。

39、forget/remember to do sth和forget / remember doing sth.

forget/remember to do sth意思是忘记，记得要做某事，表示动作还没有发生。forget / remember doing sth.意思是忘记，记得曾经做过某事，表示曾经做了，而记住/忘了，这里的动名词所表示的动作已经发生过了。

40、make a noise 吵闹

41、stand in line 站在队里

42、at the head of 在……最前头

43、throw about 乱丢;抛散

44、have a good time 过的快乐

45、in fact 实际上

46、quarrel with (和某人)争吵

47、enjoy oneself 玩得快乐

48、half-way 在途中;半路上

49、feel like 和 would like.

Feel like后接名词或动词ing形式。Would like的用法是would like to do/would like sb. To do/would like sth.

50、Awake和wake

Awake是形容词，与be连用，表系表结构，wake是不及物动词，与up连用，wake up是自然的醒来; wake him up是被叫醒。

51、Sleep/fall asleep/get to sleep/go to bed。

Sleep强调睡觉的动作，是延续性动词，与时间状语连用;be asleep 表状态，是系表结构，fall sleep是动作的过程，侧重于自然入睡。Get to sleep 多用于否定句。Go to bed着重于商船准备睡觉的动作。

52、Before 和ago

Before+时间段，表示从过去某个时刻以前。时间段+ago表示从说话时刻起的若干时间以前

53、Among 和between

Among 是三者或三者以上;between用于两者之间

54、Cost /spent/pay/take

Cost只能用物或事作主语sth cost sb. Money。It takes sb. Some times to do sth。Spend的主语必须是人，spend on sth./spend doing sth。Pay 的主语必须是人，sb. Pay some money for sth./pay sb/pay for sth.

55、Fell off/fell down