climb的现在分词

climb的现在分词（共6篇）

1.climb的现在分词 篇一

think

vt.想；思索；以为；看待

vi.思辩；考虑；构想；回忆

adj.深思的`；供思考的

n.想；想法

双语例句

1.I certainly think there should be a ban on tobacco advertising.

我确实认为应该禁止香烟广告。

2.Nora thought he was seventeen years old.

诺拉觉得他有17岁。

3.You were probably brought up to think like that.

你可能从小就被教育那样考虑问题。

★ drink的过去式和过去分词形式

★ win的过去式过去分词形式

★ overcome的过去式和过去分词形式

★ get过去式和过去分词

★ 过去式和过去分词表

★ tell的过去式过去分词

2.climb的现在分词 篇二

状语从句转化为分词短语分如下几步:

1) 找出从句中谓语部分的主要动词。如:

When he finished his homework, he went out to play football.该从句中的finish是主要动词。

Although he has been told many times, he still couldn’t understand.该从句中tell是主要动词。

Because she didn’t know his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with John.该从句中know是主要动词。

The secretary worked into the late night, as he prepared a long speech for the boss.该从句中的prepare是主要动词。

2) 判断从句中的主要动词与主句主语的关系。若主句主语为从句主要动词的执行者, 考虑使用现在分词短语做状语;若主句主语为从句主要动作的承受者, 则考虑使用过去分词短语做状语。

在第一个句子中, 主句主语he是从句主要动词finish动作的执行者, 则finish考虑使用现在分词短语做状语。

在第二个句子中, 主句主语he是从句主要动词tell动作的承受着, 则tell考虑使用过去分词短语做状语。

在第三个句子中, 主句主语she是从句主要动词know动作的执行者, 则know考虑使用现在分词短语做状语。

在第四个句子中, 主句主语the secretary是从句主要动词prepare动作的执行者, 则prepare考虑使用现在分词短语做状语。

3) 去掉引导从句的连接词、主语以及谓语部分中的助动词, 主要动词变分词短语。上述四个句子可以变为:

Having finished his homework, he went out to play football. (因finish动作发生在主句动作go out动作之前, 所以用现在分词的完成式)

Told many times, he still couldn’t understand.

Not knowing his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with John. (因not know动作与主句动作have动作同时发生, 所以用现在分词的一般式)

The secretary worked into the late night, preparing a long speech for the boss. (因prepare动作与主句动作work同时发生, 所以用现在分词的一般式)

注意:过去分词短语实质上相当于现在分词的完成被动式。如上第二个句子也可以写成:Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand.

当从句部分为否定意义时, not仍然要保留, 放在分词的前面即可, 如上述第三个句子。

若不能构成分词短语时, 则保留引导状语从句的连接词。如:

If it is heated, water can be changed into vapor.→If heated, water can be changed into vapor.

Though we are beaten, we are not discouraged.→Though beaten, we are not discouraged.

4) 若从句中的主动词跟句子主语构不成逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系, 则用分词独立主格结构来表达 (名词+分词) 。如:

As Miss Gao fell ill, Mr.Wang took her class instead.→

Miss Gao falling ill, Mr.Wang took her class instead.因为句子主语Mr.Wang即不是fell ill动作的执行者, 也不是fell ill动作的承受者。也就是从句中的主动词跟句子主语构不成逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。选择现在分词还是过去分词, 看主动词跟从句主语的关系, 若从句主语是该动作的执行者, 选现在分词;若从句主语是该动作的承受着选过去分词。如:

If weather permits, we’ll go sightseeing.该从句中weather是permit动作的执行者, 所以要用现在分词。改写成:Weather permitting, we’ll go sightseeing.

When bread is cooked, you can enjoy it.该从句中bread是cook动作的承受着, 所以要用过去分词。改写成:Bread cooked, you can enjoy it.

请同学们以愉快地心情来完成下列习题:

1) a reply, he decided to write again.

A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received (提示:主句主语he是receive动作的执行者, 且receive动作发生在decide to write动作之前, 所以要用现在分词的完成式, 否定词not放在—ing之前。选C)

2) The teacher stood there__ by the students.

A.to surround B.surrounding C.surrounds D.surrounded (提示:主句主语the teacher是surround动作的承受者, 所以要用过去分词。选D)

3) __from a plane, the park can be see n clearly.

A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.See (提示:主句主语The park是see动作的承受者, 所以要用过去分词。选B)

4) He had a wonderful childhood, __with his mother to all corners of the world.

A.travel B.to travel C.traveled D.traveling (提示:主句主语He是travel动作的执行者, 用现在分词。选D)

5) __the teacher’s suggestion, Tom finally found a way to settle the problem.

A.Following B.To follow C.Follow D.He followed (提示:主句主语Tom是follow动作的执行者用现在分词, 选A)

摘要：在非谓语动词的学习中, 很多学生对现在分词和过去分词的用法感到迷惑不解, 在应用的时候很容易混淆。本文就现在分词和过去分词做状语帮助学生理清学习思路, 找出状语从句和分词短语做状语的转换方法, 帮助学生快速有效地掌握其用法。

3.climb的现在分词 篇三

一、现在分词与过去分词当定语

现在分词与过去分词当定语的区别首先表现在被修饰词与现在分词之间是主动关系，过去分词当定语时被修饰的词与分词之间则是被动关系。单个分词作定语通常置于被修饰词之前，分词短语则要后置。例如：

The president made an inspiring speech(= which was inspiring) at the meeting.总统在会上作了令人鼓舞的演说。

The man sitting (= who is sitting) at the desk is his secretary.坐在桌旁那个人是他的秘书。

The moved children (= who were moved) were determined to work harder at their lessons.受感动的孩子们决心更加努力地学习功课。

She showed me the book recommended by the professor (=which was recommended ).她把教授推荐的书给我看了看。

现在分词与过去分词当定语的另一个区别是现在分词表示动作正在进行，过去分词则表示动作已经完成。例如：

It is well known that China belongs to a developing country.众所周知，中国属于发展中国家。

We are determined to work harder so as to catch up with the developed countries.我们决心更加努力工作以便赶上发达国家。

不及物动词的过去分词只表示动作完成，没有被动含义。

I was watching the risen moon on the balcony when the telephone rang.我正在阳台上看升起了的月亮突然间电话铃响了。

二、现在分词与过去分词当补语

现在分词当补语表示主动或动作正在进行；过去分词则表示被动或动作已经完成或者指状态。例如：

I saw some foreign guests entering the headmasters office.我看见有几位外宾正走进校长的办公室。

Waiting outside the operating room，she felt her heart beating violently.她等候在手术室外，觉得心在猛烈地跳动。

The children were found playing by the side of the river.有人发现孩子们在河边玩。

Yesterday my husband had the computer repaired.昨天我丈夫让人把电脑修理好了。

The villagers found the river seriously polluted.村民们发现河流被严重地污染了。

All the doors were found locked.所有的门都是锁着的。

三、现在分词与过去分词当状语

现在分词当状语所表示的动作是句子主语所执行的，也就是说主语与现在分词之间包含的是主动关系。过去分词当状语时，句子的主语则是分词动作的承受者，即主语与过去分词之间存在着被动关系。例如：

Entering the laboratory，the professor began to do the chemical experiment.教授走进实验室就开始做化学实验。

Not having heard from his parents for a long time，the young man became worried.由于很久没有收到父亲的来信，年青人感到焦虑不安起来。

Seen from the hill，the town looks very beautiful.从小山上往下看，这个城镇显得非常美丽。

Miss Yang walked into the classroom，followed by a group of students.杨小姐走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。

四、现在分词与过去分词用于独立主格结构

在独立主格结构中，如果分词的逻辑主语与分词之间是主动关系用现在分词，如果两者之间表示的是被动关系或指状态则用过去分词。例如：

Weather permitting (= If weather permits)，we will go out for a picnic next Sunday.如果天气允许，我们下个星期日去野餐。

He related his adventure in the mountains，his eyes sparkling with joy.他叙述他在山中的奇遇，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。

Everything taken into consideration (=If everything is taken into consideration)，his plan is more workable than yours.考虑到各方面情况，他的计划比你的更可行。

五、现在分词被动式与过去分词的区别

现在分词的被动式与过去分词都可以表示被动含义，但是在使用时我们应该注意到如下区别。

1、现在分词的被动式表示动作正在被进行，过去分词表示动作已经完成。

The suggestion being discussed was put forward by Mr.Li.正在讨论的这个建议是李先生提出来的。

The problem discussed at the meeting yesterday was of great importance.昨天会上讨论过的问题非常重要。

不过有时现在分词被动式与过去分词所起的作用相同。

This (being) done，I set about cleaning

the windows.做完这个，我开始擦窗子。

2、过去分词可以当定语，但是现在分词被动语态完成式通常不当定语。

The children were deeply moved by the story told by the PLA man.(正)

The children were deeply moved by the story having been told by the PLA man.(误)

3、强调条件时，一般只用过去分词。

Compared with other women，your mother is really lucky.同其他妇女相比，你母亲真的很幸运。

4、如果用作时间状语，既表示被动又表示完成，可用过去分词也可用现在分词被动语态的完成式。

The experiment (having been) done，the students left the laboratory.做完了实验，学生们就离开了实验室。

但是如果只强调被动，则用过去分词。如果只强调动作完成，则用现在分词被动语态的完成式。

Once seen，it can never be forgotten.一旦见过，就绝不会忘记。

4.现在分词的用法 篇四

现在分词的否定式由“not+现在分词”构成。如：

Not knowing where to go, she went to the police for help.

她不知道该往哪儿走，就去请警察帮助。(现在分词一般式的否定结构)

Not seeing John， I asked where he was.

我看不见约翰，于是问他在何处。(现在分词一般式的否定结构)

Not being seen by anyone， the thief escaped.

那个贼趁无人看见时逃跑了。(现在分词被动式的否定结构)

Not having done it right，I tried again.

我由于没有做对，所以又试了试。(现在分词完成式的否定结构)

一般式：

(1) 现在分词的一般式通常表示其动作与谓语动词的`动作同时发生。如：

She sat there reading a novel.

她坐在那里看小说。

A little child learning to walk often falls.

学走路的小孩常常跌跤。

(2) 现在分词的一般式所表示的动作有时在谓语动词的动作之前发生。如：

Going into the room，he shut the door.

走进房间，他就关上了门。

完成式：

现在分词的完成式表示其动作在谓语动词的动作之前完成。

Having finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV.

做完作业后，这个小女孩开始看电视。

Having lived in Beijing for many years, Carter knew the city well.

5.过去分词和现在分词专项练习 篇五

1.____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.A.To see B.Seeing C.Having seen D.Being seen

2.I fell down and broke three of my teeth.I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ____.A.fix B.fixing C.fixed D.to fix 3.We’re ___ to listen to her ____ voice.It’s ___ to hear her sing.A.pleased;pleasing;pleasure

B.pleased;pleasant;a pleasure C.pleasing;pleased;a pleasure D.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure 4.___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.A.Passed, buying B.Passing, to buy C.Having passed, buy D.Pass, to buy

5.____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A.Comparing B.To compare C.Compared D.Having compared 6.Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings.A.designing B.design C.designed D.to design

7.____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A.To save B.Saving C.Saved D.Having saved

8.The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students.A.following B.to be following C.followed D.having followed 9.With the money ___, he couldn’t buy any ticket.A.to lose B.losing C.lost D.has lost

10.There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____.A.being heard B.hearing C.heard D.hear 11.The result of the test was rather _____.A.disappointed B.disappointing C.being disappointed D.disappoint

12.I’ve never heard the word ____in spoken English.A.use B.used C.using D.being used

13._____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.A.Not to know B.Not knowing C.Knowing not D.Not known 14.Deeply __, I thanked her again and again.A.being moving B.moved C.moving D.to be moved 15.With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.A.came B.comes C.come D.coming

16.____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.A.Having shown B.Showing C.Has shown D.Having been shown

17.He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines.A.gathering B.gathered C.gather D.being gathered

18.The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions.A.follow B.following C.followed D.being followed 19.The ___price will save you one dollar for each dozen.A.reduce B.reducing C.reduced D.reduces

20.People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A.live B.to live C.lived D.living

21.The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ___.A.understand B.understanding C.to understand D.understood 22.The scientists were waiting to see the problem ______.A.settle B.settled C.to settle D.settling

23.The library’s study room is full of students _____for the exam.A.busily prepared B.busy preparing C.busily prepare D.are busily preparing

24.The ground is _____with ____ leaves.A.covering, falling B.covered, falling C.covered, fallen D.covering, fallen

25.Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten.A.to learn B.learn C.learned D.learning

26.The wallet ____several days ago was found ____in the dustbin outside the building。A.stolen, hidden B.stealing, hiding C.stealing, hidden D.stolen, hiding

27.A person _____a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language, ______all about his own.A.to learn, to forget B.learning, to forget C.to learn, forgetting D.learning, forgetting

28.___different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their quality.A.To produce B.Being produced C.Produced D.Having produced

29.The students in the university are all taking courses ___a degree.A.coming to B.going to C.leading to D.turning to

30.Many things _____impossible in the past are very common today.A.consider B.considering C.considered D.be considered

31.___many times, he still couldn’t understand.A.Having been told B.Having told C.He having been told D.Telling

32.The old sick lady entered the hospital, ____her two sons.A.to support B.supporting C.supported by D.having supported

33.China is one of the largest countries in the world, _____9.6 million square kilometres.A.to cover B.covered C.covers D.covering

34.____and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.A Surprising B.Surprised C.Being surprised D.To be surprising

35.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,____ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added

36.“Can you read?” Mary said ____to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed D.and angrily pointing

37._____ the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the room.A.Writing B.Having written C.Written D.Being written

38.Were you ____when you saw that wild animal ? A.fright B.frightening C.frightened D.frighten

39.Properly _____with numbers, the books can be easily found.A.marked B.mark C.to mark D.marking

40.The child sat in the dentist’s chair ____.A.tremble B.trembling C.trembled D.to trembled

41.At this moment the bell rang, _____the end of class.A.announce B.announcing C.announced D.to announce 42.He walked down the hills, ____softly to himself.A.sing B.singing C.sung D.to sing

43.I had to shout to make myself _____ above the noise.A.heard B.hearing C.hear D.to hear

44.The graduating students are busy ___material for their reports.A.collect B.to collect C.collected D.collecting

45.The cars ____in Beijing are as good as those ____in Shanghai.A.produce, produce B.produced, produced C.produced, producing D.producing, producing

46.When I came in, I saw Dr.Li _____a patient.A.examine B.examining C.to examine D.examined

47.____a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly.A.Having been given B.Having given C.Giving D.Being given

48.____a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon.A.Having been given B.Having given C.Giving D.Being given

49.He wrote a letter to me _____that his trip to Japan had been put off because of the bad weather.A.inform B.informing C.informed D.being informed

50.He reads newspapers every day to keep himself ____about what’s going on in the world.A.inform B.informing C.informed D.being informed II.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空

1.She caught the student _______(cheat)in exams.2.When I got there, I found him _________(repair)farm tools.3.When I got there, I found the farm tools _______.(repair)4.Just then he heard someone _______(call)for help.5.He worked so hard that he got his pay ______.(raise)6.The missing boys were last seen _______(play)near the river.7.___________(compare)with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.8.The workers had the machines _______(run)all night long to finish the work on time.9.People in the south have their houses ______(make)of bamboo.10._______(lose)in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.1.（江西卷22）_____ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars.A.Giving B.Having given C.To give D.Given

2.（江西卷34）The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A.forced B.forcing C.to be forced D.having forced

3.（辽宁卷22）When we visited my old family home, memory came______ back.A.flooding B.to flood C.flood D.flooded 4.（辽宁卷27）, you need to give all you have and try your best.A Being a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner 5.（湖南卷21）Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.A.being tired B.tiring C.tired D.to be tired

6.（湖南卷25）At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.A.living;wondering

B.lived;wondering

C.lived;wondered

D.living;wondered

7.（湖南卷29）Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it.A.reusing B.reused C.reuses D.to be reused

8.（山东卷22）We are invited to a party _______in our club next Friday.A.to be held B.held C.being held D.holding 9.（山东卷25）The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ___ rising steadily since1990.A.is B.are C.has been D.have been

10.（重庆卷29）With the world changing fast, we have something new _______with all by ourselves every day.A.deal B.dealt C.to deal D.dealing 11.（北京卷27）The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A.treated B.were treated C.would treat D.would be treated 12.（北京卷28）All of them try to use the power of the workstation ___ information in a more effective way.A.presenting B.presented C.being presented D.to present 13.（北京卷34）____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.A.Being bitten B.Bitten C.Having bitten D.To be bitten 14.（天津卷4）__ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A.Competing B.Having completed C.To have completed D.To complete 15.（天津卷9）_____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A.Being encouraged B.Encouraging C.Encouraged D.Having encouraged 16.（浙江卷3）_____ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.A.To be tried B.Tired C.Tiring D.Being tired

17.（浙江卷7）There is a great deal of evidence that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A.indicate B.indicating C.to indicate D.to be indicating

18.（全国卷II 6）It is often ___that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.A.said B.to say C.saying D.being said 19(重庆卷25.)Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ____with his old one.A.comparing B.compares C.to compare D.compared 20.（四川卷2）He told us whether ___a picnic was still under discussion A.to have B.having C.have D.had 21.（四川卷4）Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ____ until the plane has come to a complete stop.A.seated B.seating C.to seat D.seat 22．（四川卷10）________ many times, he finally understood it.A.Told B.Telling C.Having told D.Having been told 23.（江苏卷26）Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the

number hired last year, _____ reduce unemployment pressures.A.help B.to have helped C.to help D.having helped

24.（江苏卷32）Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友)from home and abroad.A.Attend B.To attend C.Attending D.Having attended 25.（全国卷I 30）The children all turned the famous actress as the entered the classroom.A.looked at B.to look at C.to looking at D.look at 26.（全国卷I 35）Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions____ ? A.taking B.take C.taken D.to take 27.（福建卷32 not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A.Reminding B.Reminded C.To remind D.Having reminded 28.（福建卷34）In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, ____the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A.marking B.marked C.having marked D.being marked 29.（全国卷II 16）They use computers to keep the traffic ______ smoothly.A.being run B.run C.to run D.running 30.（陕西卷12）I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A to take B to be taken C taking D being taken 08 1.（全国I卷26）I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good ____.A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed 2.（安徽卷30）__ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A.To walk.B.Walking C.Walked D.Having walked 3.（福建卷22）___ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A.Waiting B.To wait

6.剖析现在分词 篇六

一、 现在分词的时态

现在分词也是一种非限定动词，现在分词由动词原形加词尾-ing构成，有一般式和完成式。一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作；完成式（having+过去分词）表示在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的动作。

例如：Having studied in Peking University for four years， I know the place very well. 在北大学习了四年之后，我对这个地方非常熟悉。

（2011全国卷II，18）Sarah pretended to be cheerful， saying nothing about the argument. 萨拉假装开心，对这次争吵没提一句话。

二、 现在分词的语态

现在分词的两个时态分别有其主动语态和被动语态。当句子的主语是分词动作的承受者时，分词用被动语态。如果同时要表示分词的动作先于谓语动作，就用分词完成式的被动形式。

例如：The house being built is a big project. 正在施工的那幢楼是一项很大的工程。

（2008陕西卷，14）Having been shown around the Water Cube， we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. 被带着参观了水立方后，我们又被带去看了2008奥运会主会场——鸟巢。

三、现在分词的语法功能

1. 作定语

分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后，单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。

例如：I have never seen a more moving movie. 我从未看过比这更感人的电影了。

（2011江苏卷，31）Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. 最近，一项对比两家不同超市同种货物价格的调查引起了市民们的热议。

2. 作状语

分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。

（2010江苏卷，28）The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu， enabling the students to return to their classrooms. 那位退休的老人把他的大部分积蓄都捐给了在玉树地震中被损坏的学校，使得学生们能够重新回到教室。（表结果）

（2009辽宁卷，22）When we visited my old family home， memory came flooding. （当我们参观我的老家时，记忆又涌上心头。表方式）

【注意】（1） 分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句的主语一致。

（2） 表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连接词while或when引导。

（3） “with+名词+分词”的结构表示伴随状况。

例如：A person mustn’t sit with his feet pointing at another person. 坐着的时候注意不要用脚指向别人。

（4）当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分词必须有自己的主语。

例如：Weather permitting， we’ll go to the People’s Park tomorrow. 如果天气允许，我们明天去人民公园。

3. 作表语

例如：The book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。

4. 作宾语补足语

例如：We had the fire burning all day. 我们使火燃烧了一天。

四、 现在分词与动词不定式的比较

现在分词可作表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语；而动词不定式可除此以外还可作主语和宾语。因此可从两者作表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语的角度来探讨它们的差异。

1. 作表语时

现在分词作表语相当于一个形容词，说明主语的性质、特征等；动词不定式表将发生的动作。

例如：Word came that the valuable dish is broken. It is really shocking. 消息传来，那个珍贵的盘子被打碎了，真是令人震惊。

My task today is to give you a lesson. 我今天的任务就是要给你们上一堂课。

2. 作宾语补足语时

现在分词表正在进行的动作或持续的动作；动词不定式表动作的全部过程。

例如：He made me working without a break for three hours. 他让我连续工作了三个小时。

Every morning I saw him selling newspapers at the bus stop. 每天早上我都看见他在公交车站卖报纸。

I saw him enter the building just now. 我刚才看见他进了这栋大楼。

3. 作定语时

现在分词表逻辑主语（被修饰的词）正在进行的动作。单个的现在分词可作前置定语，分词短语可作后置定语。动词不定式表逻辑主语（被修饰的词）将要发生的动作。一般作后置定语。

nlc202309030606

例如：I was frightened by a running dog in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上被一条跑过来的狗吓到了。（前置定语）

The people operating the factories are concerned about the polluted rivers. 负责这些厂的运营的人很担心那些河流的污染问题。（后置定语）

The meeting to be held tomorrow is important. 明天要开的那个会议很重要。（后置定语）

4. 作状语时

现在分词表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等，这些前面已经一一解释过了。动词不定式表目的、结果、原因。

例如：He came to see you. 他来是为了看望你。

He hurried home only to find nobody. 他匆忙赶回家中，却发现家里没人。

I’m happy to see you. 看见你我很高兴。

五、 实战演练

1. （2011全国卷，27）The next thing he saw was smoke __________ from behind the house.

A. roseB. rising

C. to riseD. risen

【解析】选B。句意：他接下来看到的是从房子后面冒出来的烟。本题考查非谓语动词作定语的用法，修饰smoke，故排除A项（谓语动词）；逻辑主语smoke与非谓语动词之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行，所以选B项。

2. （2010安徽卷，30）He had a wonderful childhood， __________ with his mother to all corners of the world.

A. travelB. to travel

C. traveledD. traveling

【解析】选D。句意：他有一个快乐的童年，和他的母亲周游世界各地。本题考查非谓语动词作伴随状语。因为句子主语he是travel的逻辑主语，且为主动关系，故排除C项。A项属于谓语动词可直接排除；而B项常作目的状语，无需用逗号与主句隔开，故也被排除。

3. （2009江苏南通二调）—What’s up？ You look down.

—I have piles of papers ， but I type so slowly.

A. to be typedB. typed

C. to typeD. being type

【解析】选C。句意：——出了什么事？你看起来闷闷不乐。——我有成堆的文件要打，但是我打字又这么慢。句中have表示“有”，have sth. to do表示“有某事要做”，have sth to be done表示“有某事要别人做”。根据语境，是说话人自己打字。

4. （2011北京海淀期末考试）—What else do we need for this trip besides food to eat and special clothes to wear？

—A tent in.

A. sleepB. sleeping

C. to sleepD. slept

【解析】选C。句意：——除了带食物和穿特制的衣服外，这次旅行我们还需要别的什么？—— 一顶用来睡觉的帐篷。考查非谓语动词作定语。后一句补全后为：We need a tent _____ in. 此处表示未来的动作且主语we与sleep为逻辑上的主动关系，故需用不定式作后置定语。易错选项为D。只是想当然地认为tent和sleep in之间为被动关系，而没有意识到sleep的逻辑主语是we而选D项。

5. （2010江苏苏、锡、常、镇联考）After suffering from a heart attack， Michael Jackson was pronounced dead， __________ a tragic end to the world’s most popular entertainer.

A. markingB. to mark

C. markedD. having marked

【解析】选A。句意：在遭受心脏病的折磨之后，迈克尔·杰克逊被宣布死亡，这标志着这位世界上最受欢迎的娱乐明星的悲剧结束。此处考查非谓语动词作状语，表结果。B项动词不定式通常表目的，故可排除；迈克尔·杰克逊的死亡事件和mark之间不是被动关系，故C项被排除；D项完成形式的动作发生在pronounce之前，不符合语境，所以也被排除。