考研英语名词性从句语法

考研英语名词性从句语法（10篇）

1.考研英语名词性从句语法 篇一

主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句

作及物动词宾语作介词宾语

that一般不省略可以省略一般不省略一般不省略一般不省略

Whether/if(是否)放于句首时只用whether用whether/if均可，但有区别只用whether只用whether只用whether

特殊疑问词注意语序要用陈述语序

名词性关系从句注意语序要用陈述语序

一、that 从句

1、主语从句

(1)that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：

It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句

It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句

It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句

(2)that可以省略，但that从句位于句首时，that不能省略。

2、宾语从句

(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think, make, consider等，可以用it作形式宾语。

(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in 的宾语。

3、表语从句(that不可省略)

4、同位语从句

连词that引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，that在从句中不担当任何成分，不能省略。

二、whether/if从句

1、在表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether不能用if;当主语从句放于句首时，只能用whether不用if;当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时用whether或if均可;discuss后引导宾语从句时，必须用whether。

2、在宾语从句中：

(1)及物动词后：whether从句中不能有否定式，宾语从句为否定句时用if;if不能与or not连用，但可以用whether or not;whether后可以加不定式。

(2)介词后：只能用whether,不用if。

三、特殊疑问词引导的从句

1、主语从句：特殊疑问词引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语。

2、宾语从句

(1)常见的能接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词有see, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise等。

(2)作介词宾语。

3、同位语从句、表语从句

四、名词性关系从句

What=the thing(s) which/that, whoever=anyone who, whichever=anyone/anything that, whatever=anything that, where=the place where, when=the time when

五、名词性从句的几个难点

(一)that不可省略的情况

1、主语从句，that从句置于句首时;

2、当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略;

3、由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that不可以省略。

(二)wh-ever与no matter wh-的用法区别

Wh-ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句;而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。

(三)as if/though, because, why可以引导表语从句

注意：because引导的表语从句，主语不能是reason或cause,而且since,as不能引导表语从句。

(四)that引导的同位语从句与关系代词that引导的定语从句的区别

That引导的同位语从句成分是完整的，that在从句中不担当任何成分;that引导的定语从句成分是残缺的，that在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。

名词性从句的用法讲解
引导名词性从句的连接词	1、连接词：that,whether,if2、连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.3、连接副词：when, where, how, why
名词性that-从句	1、由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。2、That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末
名词性wh-从句	1、由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。2、Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将wh-从句置于句末
if,whether引导的名词从句	1、yes-no型疑问从句 2、选择性疑问从句
否定转移	1、将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中2、将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。3、有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。

2.考研英语名词性从句语法 篇二

一、主语从句

在句子中充当名词作用的各种从句被称作主语从句。值得注意的是, that从句位于句首时, 连词“that”是绝对不能省略的。

1.“that从句”作主语时, 常用“it”作形式主语, 避免头重脚轻。

(1) It+be+形容词 (possible, wonderful, likely, obvious, certain, etc.) +that从句。

例如:It is certain that she will perform well in the math competition.

(2) It+be+名词词组 (no wander, no surprise, a pity, etc.) +that从句。

例如:It is a pity that she can not get the scholarship.

(3) It+be+过去分词 (reported, believed, announced, etc.) +that从句。

(4) 例如:It is believed that Lei Feng is a kind person.2.“whether/if”引导的主语从句。

当it作形式主语时, 把主语从句放在句尾时可用“whether”或“if”。但是, 当主语从句放在句首时, 只能用“whether”不能用“if”。

例如:主语从句放于句首时, Whether he will come is still a problem.

主语从句放于句尾时, It is doubtful whether/if he will come here.

3.以特殊疑问词引导的主语从句。

当用特殊疑问词引导主语从句时, 常用“it”作形式主语, 语序一般为陈述语序。

例如:It has not been decided that who will be our class’s monitor.

4.以关系代词引导的名词性关系从句。

名词性关系从句事实上是先行词和它之后的定语从句的一种结合。

例如:What they need is sincere friendship.

他们所需要的是真正的友谊。

这句中的what=the things that/which, 即先行词“The things”和之后的定语从句“that/which they need”构成了名词性关系从句。“what”充当主语, “what they need”就是以“what”开头引导的名词性关系从句。

二、宾语从句

宾语从句中一般分为两种:作及物动词宾语和作介词宾语。

1.“that”从句引导的宾语从句。

作及物动词宾语时一般可以省略, 然而作介词宾语时“that”却很少可以省略。

例如:Do you think (that) he is a honest boy?

2.“that”从句一般只能作介词“in, except”等后面的宾语。

例如:He decided to give up in that he had run up of his money.

3.“whether/if”引导的宾语从句。

(1) 及物动词之后。宾语从句为否定句时只能用“if”, “whether”从句中不能有否定形式。 (I don’t know whether he doesn’t come.这句话是错误的。)

(2) 介词后。在介词后的宾语从句只能用“whether”不能用“if”。

例如:This decision will have effect on whether or not he wil succeed.

4.特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。

(1) 作动词宾语。能够接特殊疑问词的宾语从句的动词很多, 像“see, hear, watch, etc.”

例如:I can’t imagine how he did it.

(2) 作介词宾语。

例如:We are worrying about what we should do next.

5.名词性关系从句。

She will give whoever needs help a warm support. (凡是需要帮助, 他都会给予热情地帮助。)

这句中的“whoever=anyone who”, 可知“whoever”即作“give”的宾语, 由充当宾语从句的主语。

三、表语从句

1.“that”引导表语从句时不可省略。

例如:My opinion is that we should cherish our life everyday.

2.只用“whether”不用“if”。

例如:The question is whether we should eat the cake withou permission.

3.特殊疑问词一般跟在系动词之后。

例如:The problem is where we cannot figure out.

四、同位语从句

1.that引导的同为语从句一般是对前面的名词起到补充说明的作用, that只起到连接的作用, 但是不可省略。

2.只用“weather”不用“if”。

3.名词性关系从句。

例如:The mother gave her daughter a beautiful toy, exactly what she longed to have. (很明显, 后半句是对“the toy”的补充说明。)

五、名词性从句在英语等级考试中的应用。

名词性从句在英语等级考试中常常以完型, 单项甚至是阅读上考查考生的思维运用能力。特别是强调考生能区分定语从句和名词性从句的差异, 从而正确地做题。例如:

1.Quality iscounts most.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where

解析:考查名词性从句的连接词。“What counts most”相当于“all that counts most”, 意思为最重要的东西。

2.However, when we observe the language behavior of______ we regard as primitive cultures, we find it surprisingly complicated.

A.whoseB.thatC.whichD.what

解析:句意为:然而, 当我们观察那些在我们看来属于原始文化的语言行为时, 我们发现他们复杂得令人惊讶。

在本句中, 我们可知是考查名词性从句引导词的用法。这个词既要能作of的宾语, 又能作名词性从句regard的宾语。从选项中得知, 只有D符合。因为what引导的名词性从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、介词宾语等成分。

3.There is no evidence________antibiotics, or anti-vira medicines help, so doctors can offer only supportive care.

A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.what

解析:还没有证据能显示抗生素和抗病毒药物能治愈非典, 所以医生只采用治疗性方法。

很明显, 这句旨在考查考生对同为语从句的认知。“There is no evidence”后必须跟“that”, 起到解释说明的作用。本题很容易就选出正确答案B。

4.Facebook, a social networking site that began in 2004 as a way for college students to keep in touch has expanded to allow everyone to create their own Facebook page.Since then, Facebook has carved a niche for itself in the tech world as a company that is willing to break though the traditional barriers of business.

Facebook distinguished itself when () .

A.It broke through the traditional barriers.

B.It allowed people to create their own page.

C.It provided a platform for communication.

D.Developers began to drive new programs.

解析:在阅读时考生往往由于时间或者是粗心的原因误选A。从文章可知答案就在第二句, 然而有些考生误以为这是主语从句 (that is willing to break though the traditional barriers of business.) , 匆匆下定论。如果仔细分析, 我们就可得知这只是修饰“company”的定语从句, 答案A就必定是错误的。

六、结语

毋庸置疑, 名词性从句在英语等级考试中的考查点还是很多的。考生对名词性从句分析的能力不是一朝一夕就可以培养的。这需要对名词性从句的基本知识的了解和掌握, 注意语法方面容易出错的地方。只有经过平时认真练习积累, 考生才能准确地分析有关名词性从句的考题, 甚至能正确分析阅读理解时碰到的长句, 更好地理解阅读的内容, 从而选择正确的答案。

摘要：名词性从句一直以来都是英语等级考试中的考点。名词从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。一般来说, 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句, 以及同位语从句。本文对这些从句进行归纳和分析, 为考生的英语等级考试提供借鉴, 减少其在英语等级考试中的失误。

关键词：英语等级考试,名词性从句,应用分析

参考文献

[1]赵体华.名词性从句重难点揭秘[J].新高考, 2010, (1) .

[2]胡雯雯.浅析英语语法中的名词性从句[J].现代企业教育, 2009, (20) .

[3]谭福成.全面剖析名词性从句[J].新高考, 2011, (6) .

[4]张剑.考研英语语法精讲[M].世界图书版公司出版社, 2012.

3.名词性从句中的what从句 篇三

★一：句首what式，引导主语从句，意义为：所------的事（人）

1 （08山东 23） __________ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.

A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As

2(08 福建 27)_________ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympics Games will take place in Beijing.A.ItB.What C. AsD. Which

3(07 福建35)It is none of your business _______ other people think about you. Believe yourself.

A. how B.what C. whichD. when

4(07全国Ⅱ17)_________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.

A. What B. WhyC.Where D. Which

5(06山东 27)__________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

A.No matter whatB. No matte which C. WhateverD.Whichever

★二：Be动词后的what从句，引导表语从句，意义为：所------的事（人）

6 He isn’t _________ he used to be now.

A.thatB.how C. whatD.which

7(06全国Ⅰ23)See the flags on top of the building? Thatwas _______ we did this morning.

A. when B.which C. whereD.what

★三：介词后的what从句，引导宾语从句，意义为：所------的事（人

8 （08浙江6） Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ________ their parents speak at home.

A.whatB. thatC. whichD. one

9(08重庆 25) People in Chongqing are proud of ________ they have achieved in the past ten years.A. that B.which C. whatD. how

10(07江苏 25) Choosing the right dictionary depends on ________ you want to use it for.

A. what B. whyC.how D.whether

11(07安徽 33) You can only be sure of ________ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something that you might get in the future.

A.thatB.what C. whichD. /

12(2005山东 26) The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not enough.

A.whereB.how C. whatD. which

★四：动词后的what从句，引导宾语从句，意义为：所------的事（人

13（08北京30） The companies are working together to create ________ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.

A.whichB. thatC. whatD.who

14(08湖南 29) When asked _________they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.

A. what B.why C. whomD. which

15(07天津 15) The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make __________ it is.

A.whatB.which C. howD. where

16(06全国Ⅱ16)--- What did your parents think about your decision?

--- They always let me do __________ I think I should.

A. when B.that C. howD.what

五：平时常见what如下习语，值得同学们熟悉，变通应用：

1.Ais to B what C is to D A之于B来说就如同C之于D一样

Air is to us what water is to fish.

2.what one is 一个人的为人

what one has一个人的财富

A man’s worth lies not so much in what he has as what he is.一个人的价值与其说在于他的财富，不如说在于他的为人。

3. what you call 所谓

what is called所谓

He is what is called a walking dictionary.他就是人们所谓的一本活字典。

4. what with A and( what with) B半因为-------半因为------

What by A and(what by) B半用--------半用------

What with the wind and what with the rain ,his return was put off.有风又有雨，他的回程受耽搁。

5. what is more而且

what is worse跟糟糕的是

4.英语翻译考研复习名词性从句 篇四

名词性从句

一、主语从句

(一)以what, whatever, whoever, whether, when, where, how, why等词引导的主语从句，在翻译的时候，一般可以按照英语原文顺序来翻译。

What he told me was only half-truth. 他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。

Whatever is worth doing should be done well. 任何值得做的事情都应该做好。

Whether he comes or not makes no difference. 他来不来都没有关系。

When we can begin the expedition is still a question. 我们何时才能开始这次考察仍然是悬而未决。

5.考研英语长难句中的名词性从句 篇五

名词性从句即咱们经常用到的宾语从句，表语从句，主语从句和同位语从句。在考研英语中不是难点，却是高频语法之一，所以也需要引起我们的足够重视。

主语从句：

1. That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.（-3-2）

总所周知，海洋正在被人们过度捕捞。

上面这个例子是相对比较简单的主语从句，在实际应用中，主语从句通常以it做形式主语，而把真正的主语置后，请看下面的句子：

2. It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. （-2-2）

解析：It has long been known that…是一个固定句式，他的意思是“长久以来人们都知道…”其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句；从句本身又是一个复合句，开始是主句 a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars ，其中分词结构called AAA cars 是后置定语，修饰firm,后面的when 引导一个时间状语从句。英语中为了避免头重脚轻，通常把较长的主语放在句子后面，而以放在句首的形式主语it代替它。翻译为：“人们早已知道在客户翻阅电话簿时，名叫AAAA的出租汽车公司要比Zodiac出租汽车公司有很大的优越性。”

宾语从句：

1. Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure?（-2-1）

解析：这个句子主句是Do you remember all those years，when引导的时间状语从句中又有两个宾语从句。翻译为：“还记得科学家们认为吸烟会致人死亡，而那些怀疑者们却坚持认为我们无法对此得出定论的时候吗？”

同位语从句：

1. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.（2005-1-1）

解析：主句为Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,”逗号之后的介词短语with the underlying assumption…作伴随状语，assumption后免得that引导一个同位语从句，解释前面的名词assumption。翻译为：“这种行为被看作是“人之长情”，其潜在的假定其他动物不可能具有如此高度发达的`不公平意识。”

一般的同位语从句都由that引导，而且紧跟在解释的名词后面，但有时，也会为了避免头重脚轻，放在其他位置，这就需要考生的注意了。

2. Concerns were raised ______ witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ensure guilty verdicts.

[A] what [B] when [C] which [D] that

解析：这个题选D。因为空后面的句子不缺成分，其他连词在句中都做成分，而that不做成分。“人们日益担心，证人可能会因此而受到鼓励，在法庭上夸大事实以保证陪审团对被告做出有罪的判决。”

6.考研英语名词性从句语法 篇六

1.The world loves nature. (subject，object)

2.Knowledge is power . (subject， predicative)

3.We Chinese are peace-loving.(apposition)

名词性从句

名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等

主语从句

宾语从句

表语从句

同位语从句

His job is important.What he does is important

This is his job.This is what he does every day

I don’t like his job。 I don’t like what he does every day.

I don’t know about the man, Mr. White I don’t know about the fact that he is Mr.White.

That the earth is round is right.

I want to know whether he comes or not.

Pay attention to what I said.

The reason is that he was late for school.

The fact that he died made us sad.

如何判断从句的类别?根据从句的位置判断。

①主语从句(从句位于动词前作主语)(it 做形式主语放于句首，主从放句末)

②宾语从句(从句位于动词后或介词，adj作宾语)

③表语从句(从句位于系动词之后作表语)

④同位语从句(从句位于特殊的名词如idea,fact,news等后

补充说明前面的名词)

Ⅰ指出下列各名词性从句的种类

At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.

She wondered if the buses would still be running.

The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.

When we will start is not clear.

I had no idea that you were her friend.

名词性从句中的连接词有:

连词: that / whether / as if(though);

连接代词: what / who/ which / whose /

whatever / whoever / whomever

/ whichever，

连接副词: where / when / why / how

/ wherever / whenever

Ⅱ句型转换(1.判断主句，从句 2.看主句是否完整，不完整，则用从句补充，若完整则从句代替其中一个成分)

1.They are good doctors. He told us.

He told us that they were good doctors.

2. He hadn’t said anything at the meeting. The fact surprised us.

The fact that he hadn’t said anything at the meeting surprised us.

总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名词性从句用that引导。(that无意义，不做成分)

3.Does your sister get up early? Do you know?

Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early?

4.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder.

I often wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans.

总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用if或whether引导。

5.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tell me?

Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?

6.My question is this: where will the lecture be given?

My question is where the lecture will be given.

总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。

总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。另外，一般情况下，名词性从句均看作单数概念。由what引导的一般看后面的表语。宾语从句的时态一般与主句保持一致。

1.What we need is more time.

2.What we need are more English dictionaries.

Ⅲ 改错

1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to all.

2.When the meeting will be held haven’t been known yet.

3.I didn’t know that you will come.

4.He said that he is writing a story.

5.Could you tell me when will he arrive?

6.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules.

主语从句

连词(除了 as if ,because)

if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。

Whether he will come on Wednesday is not certain. 不用if

it 做形式主语(由连词 whether , 连接代词 what,who,which 和连接副词 when,where,why,how 等引导.也常常后置:

It’ possible/important/necessary/clear… that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…

It’s said/ reported… that..据说/据报道…

It’s announced/declared that..已经通知/宣布…

It seems/appears/happens.. that…显然、明显、碰巧..

It’s no wonder that…并不奇怪/无疑…It’s a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知)

/ a common saying….(俗话说)

3.主语从句中 ，谓语动词一般用单数What引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定

What he needs _is_ that book.

What he needs _are_ some books

When and where we meet hasn’t been decided.

When we meet and where we meet haven’t been decided.

4主语从句的 “that”不能省。

宾语从句

连词(除了as if ,because)

由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略)

She told me that she would accept my invitation.

I heard that be joined the army.

I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.

注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。

但是：He told me (that) he would attend the international maths Olympic competition and that he would win the gold medal.

2.Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .

Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .

表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。

a. 主语从句

b. 表语从句

c. 同位语从句

d. 介词后的宾语从句

e.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.)

f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if

1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.

3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.

4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.

5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.

6. I don’t know _______ to go.

3.时态.与主句相呼应： 如果主句是现在的时态 (包括一般现在时 ，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，(包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等)

I know he lives here .

I know he lived here ten years ago .

I have heard that he will come tomorrow

如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时，过去进行时)，那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时)

I knew who lived here.

I saw she was talking with her mother.

He asked whether his father would come back

tomorrow.

He said that he had seen it .

当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。

The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .

4 it 可以作为形式宾语think，believe，find， make, consider, feel

I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.

5否定的转移

若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：

I don’t think he will come.

表语从句(可用as if ,because)不用if

The question is whether we can rely on him.

That’s because we were in need of money at that time .

He looked as if he was going to cry .

That’s why I was late .

That’s why + 结果

That’s because+原因

He is ill. That’s why he is absent.

He is absent. That’s because he is ill.

同位语从句(不用if ,because, as if)

同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导

He gave me a promise that he would buy a new car for me.

I have no idea whether he will come.

That 引导的同位语从句与定从的区别

The fact that he said nothing surprised everyone present.

The fact that he sais surprised everyone present.

(1)同位语从句--同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系，对名词进行补充说明

定语从句 --定从和前面的名词是所属关系，对名词进行修饰，加以限定

(2) 同位语从句--that 只起连接作用，不作任何成分

定语从句 -- that 是关系代词，起连接作用和充 当宾语和主语

名词性从句中连词选择“三步法”

“一分二划三看”

一、“一分”即分清从句类型

二、“二划”即划分出从句(用括号表示从句)

(1)(That the erath is round) is true.(主语从句)

v

(2)Do you know(where he lives)?(宾语从句)

v

(3)My opinion is (that you should not go alone) .(表语从句)

v

(4)I don’t like the idea (that money is everything).(同位语从句)

n

三、“三看”即看从句句意是否完整：

1、句意不完整→缺连接代词 ①人 who,whoever(主语)

whom,whomever(宾语)

②物 what,whatever(主语、宾语)

which,whichever(主语、宾语)

2、句意完整

(1)缺连接副词 ：

①时间：when;②地点：where,wherever;③原因：why;④方式：how。

7.考研英语名词性从句语法 篇七

1.知识目标:系统复习巩固名词性从句。

2.能力目标:在特定的语境中, 正确使用恰当的名词性从句。

3.情感目标:激起学生英语写作的兴趣, 帮助其树立学习信心。

教学重点

1.名词性从句的分类及it充当形式宾语。

2.写作中使用名词性从句常出现的错误:错用关系词、多用关系词、漏用关系词、语序错位、主谓不一致和错用语气。

教学难点

学生能在写作中灵活、有效应用名词性从句。

教学过程

一、明星话题, 轻松导入

由学生感兴趣的话题——音乐导入, 展示明星周杰伦的图片, 介绍他的基本情况, 自然引出一连串的不同类型名词性从句, 导入教学内容, 用ppt展示。

[设计意图:以时尚话题的导入, 激起学生求知动力。同时, 愉快的话题缓解枯燥语法的学习氛围。]

二、扎实基础, 突破难点

名词性从句的引导词:that、if/whether、wh-疑问词。由例句归纳出规则, that引导的名词性从句;if/whether引导的名词性从句;wh-疑问词引导的名词性从句。

it作形式宾语。通过改写练习, 回顾it作形式宾语的用法。例如:

That we would not be able to understand Old English today is certain.

It is certain that we would not be able to understand Old English today.

[设计意图:复习旧知, 采取归纳总结的教学方法, 由简单的例句着手, 引导学生回忆相关的语法知识。]

三、创设情境, 小试牛刀

1.利用图片创设情境, 让学生用名词性从句改写句子。

2.利用图片创设情境, 让学生用所给单词或短语组成名词性从句。

3.火眼金睛, 找出错误。针对学生在写作中遇到的名词性从句容易出现的错误, 如错用关系词、漏用关系词、语序错位、错用语气等等, 进行分类总结, 以起到警示作用。

(1) 错用关系词

例:她来不来仍然是个问题。

误:If she will come or not is still a question.

正:Whether she will come or not is still a question.

[简析]在名词性从句中, 除宾语从句外, 不能用if, 只能用whether引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句。

(2) 漏用关系词

例:大家都知道地球是圆的。

误:The earth is round is known to us all.

正:That the earth is round is known to us all.

[简析]连词that引导的主语从句时, 若主语从句置于句首, 不能省略。

(3) 多用关系词

例:我问他是如何旅游的。

误:I asked him that how he was travelling.

正:I asked him how he was travelling.

[简析]that是连词, how也是连词, 因此, 上面的主句和宾语从句之间只需用一个连接词。根据句意, that显然是多余的。

(4) 主谓不一致

例:讨论会将在何地举行还没决定。

误:Where the discussion will be held have not been decided yet.

正:Where the discussion will be held has not been decided yet.

[简析]以一个句子, 即主语从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

(5) 语序错位

例:他现在在哪里还不清楚。

误:Where is he now isn't quite clear.

正:Where he is now isn‘t quite clear.

[简析]在主语从句中应用陈述句语序。

(6) 错用语气

例:他建议会议推迟到下星期五。

误:He suggested that the meeting is put off till next Friday.

正:He suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next Friday.

[简析]表示“建议” (suggest, propose) “命令” (order) “要求” (de-mand, require) 等动词后接宾语从句时, 宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟形式, 即“should+动词原形”或“should省略用动词原形”。

[设计意图:本环节借助多媒体技术创设情境, 将枯燥的语法转换成生动的实景, 提高了学生学习积极性的同时又降低了理解的难度, 从而使教学过程变得有趣, 高效。]

四、巩固提升, 实题演练

1.用名词性从句翻译较常见的电影台词

例如:Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. (你会得到些什么) If the God would give a chance, I would tell you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. (我将永远在这里等你) If our love has to be settled with a time limit, I wish＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. (那将是一万年)

2.历年考试试题练习

例如:调查表明一半的女孩选择电影或者电视明星作为他们的偶像 (idols) , 而48%的男孩支持喜欢体育明星。 (07基础写作)

The survey shows that half of the girls choose film or TV stars as their idols, while 48%of the boys favor sports stars.

[设计意图:让学生自己去练习, 把课堂还给学生, 只有这样, 学生才能做到在将来的写作中真正地灵活运用名词性从句。]

五、实际操练, 课外延伸

布置课后作业:

1.写一篇200字左右的短文介绍一个人, 尽量使用名词性从句。

2.小组内部互评写作, 找出写作中的错误。

8.名词性从句六注意 篇八

(一)不可多that

在同一个从句中的who, whom, which, what, how, when, where, if等词之前,不可再用that。

He doesn’t know that when they arrived here. (去掉that)

(二)不可少that

引导名词性从句的that在下列情况下不可省略:①宾语从句被分隔时;②宾语从句不止一个时;③引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时。

1. I don’t doubt, in any case, he keeps his word. (he前加that)

2. I could see what was happening and Tom was nearly frightened. (and后加that)

3. She is still alive is a relief. (句首加That)

4. My idea is we should act on his suggestion. (is后加that)

5. We heard the news our team had won. (news后加that)

(三)that与what的用法

that没有意义,只起引导作用,不作成分;what为“……的东西/事物”,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾补。

1. ____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.

A. What; whatB. What; thatC. That; thatD. That; what

2. ____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect certain culture differences.

A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD. Which

3. People were perhaps more honest a long time ago when life was very different from ____ it is today.

A. which .B. thatC. whatD. how

4. The word media basically refers to ____ we commonly call newspapers, magazines, radios and televisions.

A. whichB. whatC. whyD. that

(四)区分that, because和why

有些名词如reason, cause作句子主语时,其后的表语从句常用 that引导,不用because;because引导表语从句时用于句型That’s because…,说明产生上述结果的原因;why引导从句时说明由上述原因导致的必然结果。

1. The reason for her absence was because she was ill. (because→that)

2. I was late for school this morning. That’s why I stayed up too late last night. (why→because)

(五)区分that, if, whether

1.在doubt后面的宾语或同位语从句中,肯定句常跟whether或if引导的从句;否定句常跟that引导的从句。

I doubt that that was what he wanted. (第一个that→if/whether)

2.if和whether

用whether不用if的情况:

①引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时;②在介词后引导宾语从句时;③后面直接跟动词不定式时;④后面紧跟or not时。

1. ____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where

2. It all depends on ____ they will support us.

A. whetherB. whatC. ifD. that

3. He doesn’t know ____ to stay or not.

A. whetherB. ifC. eitherD. if he will

4. We didn’t know ____ or not she was ready.

A. if B. whatC. that D. whether

(六)语序(用陈述语序)

9.考研英语名词性从句语法 篇九

-11-4

同位语从句常用that 来引导，that引导的同位语从句在名词性从句的学习是非常重要的，那么，如何来掌握that引导的名词性从句呢？我认为应从以下几个方面掌握：

1. that 引导从句的“三不”。

2. that 引导各名词性从句的特点

3. that 引导名词性从句与引导定语从句的区别。

4. that 与what引导名词性的区别。

一．That 在名词性从句中，起连词的作用，在从句中不起语法功能，即不作任何成分，也不含有任何意义，引导名词性从句时，不可省略，故称：“三不”。

二．That引导名词性从句的特点

1.that引导同位语从句：

当that引导同位语从句时，that从句前常有名词，

1) The idea that England stands for Fish & Chips ,Speaker’corner, Big Ben and the Tower of London is Past

2) The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.

3) The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering

与 that 同位的名词常有下列名词：

news ，fact, hope, idea, suggestion, promise, thought, doubt, belief, truth, request, proposal, demand etc.

2. that 引导表语从句

当that引导表语从句时，常用下列句式：

It happens that.. It appears that…. It seems that…. It turns out that….

It proves that…. The reason is that…

1) It appears that he has gone mad。他好像是疯了。

2) It proves that his promise is wrong.。 他的预言证明是错误的。

3) The reason is that he has not passed the exam. 原因是他考试没有及格。

4) It turns out that the situation is quite serious.形势结果是相当严重的。

3. that 引导主语从句。

由连词引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面，用it 作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。

A. It + be + 形容词+that从句

适用于这种句型的常见形容词有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，abvious，surprising etc。

1) It’s clear that they badly need help。很明显，他们急需援助。

2) It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon. 很可能飓风马上就要来了。

3) It’s possible that we can carry out the project at last. 最终我们能完成这项工程是有可能的。

*** necessary，clear，true，strange,important,wonderful，possible, likely, obvious, surprising, ashtonishing,etc.谓语动词的形式一般为“should ＋ 动词原形”

4) It is necessary that you (should)master the computer. 你很有必要掌握电脑。

5) It is important that a student learn English well. 学生学好英语很重要。

6) It is strange that he should have killed himself .真奇怪，他竟然自杀了

B. It +be +名词词组+ that从句

常用于这种句型的名词词组有：a fact， a good idea，a pity，an hour，a shame，no wonder，good news etc.

1) It’s a pity that you missed the film.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。

2) ――Tom has a bad cold. 汤姆患了重感冒。

――it is no wonder that he looks pale. ――难怪他看起来脸色苍白。

3) It it a great shame that he should have stolen a pen. 他竟然偷钢笔，真是太丢脸了。

Shame 所用的句中要用虚拟语气。

C. It + be+ 过去分词+ that从句

常有的过去分词有：said，reported, hoped,belived, expected, decided, well-known, thought, suggested 等。

1) It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。

2) It’s reported that the two countries have made an agreement about their trades.

据报道这两个国家就贸易问题达成协议。

3) It’s said that the rocket has been sent off in the space successfully.

据说火箭已经成功地发射到宇宙中。

**过去分词表示：建议，命令，愿望如suggested ， ordered， requested等词时，从句需用虚拟语气。动词形式为：should ＋ 原型。

1) It is requested that Mr.Wang (should)give a performance.有人请求王先生表演一个节目。

2) It is suggested that we should discuss the problem .有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问题。

三．That 引导名词从句与定于从句的区别。

That 引导名词性从句时，特别是引导同位语从句时 that从句是对它前面所限制的名词所包含的内容作进一步的解释和说明，that 在从句中不作任何成分；而that 引导定语从句时，它不涉及先行词的具体内容，that 在从句中不仅起连接作用，而且还在从句中充当句子的成分。

1. We expressed the hope (that) they had expressed. 我们表达了汤面曾经表达了的希望。

（that 引导的从句是定语从句，that 可省略）

2. We expressed the that they would come to China again. 我们表达了这样的希望：欢迎他们在来中国。（that 引导的从句是同位语从句，that不能省略）

3. The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many .

大不列颠有三个国家组成的事实对许多人来说还不知道。

（that 引导的是同位语从句，that只起连接作用）

4. The state that consist of three countries is developing very fast.由三个国家组成的国家发展很快。（that 引导定语从句，在从句中充当主语）

四．That 与what引导名词性从句。

That 引导名词性从句时，它在从句中只起连词的作用，而what 引导名词性从句时，不仅起连接作用，而且在从句中承担一定的成分。

1. What he wants is a book。他想要的是一本书。（what 引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语）

2. The result is that we won the game.众所周知，光是沿直线运行。

（that 引导表语从句，只起连接作用）

3. This is what we are looking for. 这是我们正在寻找的东西。

（what 引导表语从句，它在从句中作looking for 的宾语）

4. What excited us most was that he passed the exam. 使我们感到兴奋的是，他考试通过了。（what 引导主语从句，在从句中作主语：that引导表语从句，它在从句中不作成分）

5. The trouble is that they say doesn’t agree with what they do.问题是他们说的与他们做的不一致。（that 引导表语从句，不作成分，what 引导从句作介词with 的宾语，而且what 在宾语从句中作do 的宾语。）

Excises：

1.Information has been put forward _______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D.as

2. ____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.

A. What / because B. What/ that C. That/ what D. That/ because.

3._____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There B. This C. That D.It.

4. He asked _____ for the violin. （MET’92）

A．did I pay how much B。I paid how much C。How much did I pay.

D．how much I paid。

5.Someone is ringing the doorbell, Go and see______( Shanghai)。

A.who is he B who he is C who is it D who it is 。

6.____ you don’t like him is none of my business. (92’Shanghai)

A．what B who C where D whether.

7.Some researchers believe _____ there is no doubt ______ a cure of for AIDS will be found.

（2005 Guangdong）

A．what/which B what/that C that/that D that/ whether

8. It’s what you do rather than what you say _____ matters. (2005 Tianjing)

A．that B what C which D this

9.A computer can only do _____ you have instructed it to do .

A．how B after C what D when

10. I read about it in some book or other. Does it matter ______ it was ?

10.考研英语名词性从句语法 篇十

What有时不带疑问色彩，而是表示“所…的…”。此时，what相当于“the thing(s) which/that……”,或“the person(s) who/that”.它是“集先行词与关系代词于一身的‘二合一’的词”。这种结构在句中可作主语、表语及宾语（动宾和介宾）。如：

What I want to know is whether he will come here tomorrow. = The thing (which/that) I want to know is……

This is what I need now. =This is the thing (which/that) I need now.

He will give us a talk about what he saw and heard in that country.

= He will give us a talk about the things（that/which）he saw and heard in that country.

因它本身已相当于含有了“先行词+关系代词”， 所以，在使用时，前不能有先行词，后不能有关系代词。

如：He has told us what he knows about that accident. (what=先行词the things ＋关系代词which/that)

不能说 He has told us everything what he knows about that accident × (everything 是多余的)

也不能说 He has told us what that he knows about that accident. × (that是多余的)

请大家再看下面这句：He has told us all what he knows about that accident.

此句成立，因我们可把all 归于us (等于all of us): “我们所有的人”， 与what毫不相干。

What 可表示几乎所有具体的、抽象的、有形的、无形的在上下文中出现的东西，用来表示时间和地点时出的题目，学生的错误率极高。如：

George Washington was born in 1732 in a very rich family in _______ is now the state of Virginia.

A. which B. where C. that D. what

乔治华盛顿1732年生于现在是弗吉尼亚州（地方）的一个富人家庭。 ( 应选D ).

在搞清What的这种用法前，大部分学生都会选A或B，也有选C的，选对正确答案D的很少。

下面选编了一些选择题供高二、高三的学生练习，不但要选出答案，还要把句子译成中文。这样做的实际教学效果较好：(为保持本练习整体难度，答案并非都是what, 个别句子中，what是带有疑问色彩的。)

1. He gave us a different answer from _______ was expected.

A. that B. what C. which D. whom

2. ________ really matters is not whether you succeed or not, but whether you try or not.

A. It B. What C. That D. Whatever

3. All _____ was continuous oral practice of English.

A. that was needed B. what is needed C. which is needed D. is needed

4. A proposal has been put forward ______ proper measures ________ before it is too tale.

A. which, are taken B. that, be taken C. that, will be taken D. when, to be taken

5. Our old school building, pulled down about two years ago, was located in ______ is now a supermarket.

A. which B. where C. what D. it

6. _______ is now the northern Sahara Desert fed much of the then world 2,500 years ago.

A. That B. What C. It D. This

7. _______ has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.

A. What B. As what C. In spite of that D. In spite of what

8. Determination is a kind of quality and that is _______ to do your job well

A. what takes B. what C. what it takes D. it takes

9. A) The Development Zone is no longer a rural area ______ it used to be 10 years ago.

B) The Development Zone is no longer ______ it used to be 10 years ago.

A. what B. where C. that D. which

10. A) With the development of science and technology, the modern aeroplane is not the machine ______ when first

invented.

B) With the development of science and technology, the modern aeroplane is not ______ when first invented.

A. what it was B. which it was C. that it was D. the one was

11. ________ impressed the visitors deeply was ______ the workers made with their own hands.

A. What, what B. that, that C. /, what D. Which, what

12. These people once had fame and fortune; now ______ is left to them is utter poverty.

A. all what B. all that C. that all D. that all

13. Is there something I have said _______ has caused this anger? Or is it just the things I stand for ______ you dislike?

A. that, that B. what, what C. what, because D. which, what

14. The girl told us ______ she wanted to do was right.

A. what all B. all what C. that all what D. what that

15. One of the men held the view _______ the book said was right.

A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that

16. Mr Johnson pointed out ______ by the pollution, many trees in this area did not grow to their full height.

A. that affected B. what affected C. that effected D. what was affected

17. As a teacher I seldom give my students such difficult problems ______ they can not work out.

A. that B. if C. what D. as

18. I think _____ to finish the work in such a short time is quite impossible.

A. it B. that C. what D. which

19. --- _______ was it ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?

--- Totally by chance.

A. What, that B. How, that C. when, how D. where, that

20. I have nothing to confess. _____ you want me to say?

A. What is it that B. What it is what C. How is it that D. How it is that

21. Was it ______ she heard with her own ears _____ really made her frightened?

A. what, that B. it, that C. that, which D. what, /

22. Mr Smith was so angry at all ______ Bill was doing _____ he simply walked out, slamming the door shut.

A. that, what B. that, that C. which, which D. what, that

23. ________ puzzled the mother most was _____ the son would never agree with her.

A. What, why B. That, how C. Which, when D. What, where

24. _______ he was fired by the company was _______ he didn’t work hard.

A. What, because B. Why, because C. Why, that D. That, because

25. Perhaps _______ most separates the successful people from others is _____ they live on purpose.

A. what, that B. that, what C. that, that D. what, what

26. I knew nothing about the accident ______ I read in the newspaper.

A. except that B. except what C. until D. before

27. ________ was known to them that Bob had broken his promise _____ he would give them a rise.

A. What, what B. It, which C. As, that D. It, that

28. In an hour, we can travel to places ______ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.

A. where B. when C. which D. what

29. Now that you have all agreed to the plan, ______ you are supposed to do next is help your teacher carry it out..

A. where B. what C. that D. how

30. I have made it clear _____ I will never take back _____ I said.

A. that, what B. what, that C. what, what D. that, that

31. New technology will make ______ is impossible possible.

A. which B. what C. it D. that

32. After graduation, he went to _______ used to be called ‘Poverty-stricken Areas’ to work.

A. where B. which C. what D. that

33. _______ he spoke at yesterday’s meeting surprised all of us; and we were astonished at ______ he said at the meeting.

A. That. That B. What, what C. That, what D. What, that

34. A modern city has sprung up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.

A. what B. which C. where D. that

35. They lost their way in the forest and _____ made matters worse was that night began to fall.

A. that B. this C. what D. it

36. ---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?

--- Oh, that’s ________.

A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about

C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited

37. ______ made the school proud was ______ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.

A. What, because B. What, that C. That, what D. That, because

38. If the South had won the war. _____ might have been divided into several countries.

A. what was the United States B. what is now the United States

C. all is now the United States D. all was the United States

39. After ______ seemed to be two hours, the doctor came out of the operation-room with a broad smile.

A. what B. it C. which D. that

40. _______ you didn’t know the rules won’t be a sufficient excuse for your failure to report.

A. What B. How C. Because D. That

41. In some countries, _____ is called equality does not really mean equal rights for all people.

A. which B. it C. that D. what

42. By ‘success’, I don’t mean ______ usually thought of when that word is used.

A. that we B. as you C. what is D. all is

43. When I try to understand ______ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.

A. why it does B. what it does C. what it is D. why it is

44. We have _______ many people consider ______ the best daily newspaper in the English language-China Daily.

A. what, that B. that, to be C. what, to be D. what, what

45. With his camera, he kept taking pictures _____ he saw on that wonderful island.

A. where B. which C. of which D. of what

46. His grandfather was among the first to settle in ______ is now a famous holiday place.

A. what B. which C. where D. that

47. He was lucky enough to sell his car for exactly __________.

A. where he had paid for it B. what he had paid for it

C. what he was paid for it D. which he had paid for it

48. He looked behind to make _______ he was not being followed.

A. clear that B. if clear if C. sure that D. sure whether

49. In that mountainous primary school I found that ______ was required of a teacher never went beyond “:reading, writing and adding”.

A. it B. anything C. that D. what

50. All the countries have agreed ______ bears the Red Cross must never be attacked.

A. that whatever B. that C. no matter what D. anything

51. The nurses are trying their best to quiet the patient’s fear _______ he will die of that disease.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

52. The behaviour of water can be explained by _______ the kinetic energy.

A. what do some scientists call B. what scientists call

C. scientists call D. scientists call it

53. Sometimes parents want their children to do _____ they cannot do themselves.

A. that they feel B. what they feel C. what they feel that D. they feel what

54. It doesn’t matter _______ one says. _______ is really important is the things ______ he does.

A. what……What……which B. what……That……that

C. what……What……that D. that……That……what

55. It was only a small seaside town then compared to _______ now.

A. that it is B. what is C. it is D. what it is

56. ______ was the question of going on a holiday.

A. What they interested in B. What interested them

C. What was interested D. What they were interested

57. The fact has to be faced ______ few people like to work there with so little pay.

A. what B. how C. that D. when

58. The question is _______ can be put into practice.

A. how you have learned B. how what you have learned

C. that why you have learned C. how that you have learned

59. People were perhaps more honest a long time ago when life was very different from ______ it is today.

A. that B. that what C. which D. what

60. The old lady was driving her car ______ I thought was a dangerous speed.

A. at what B. at which C. which D. what

61. I feel a little disappointed as the new house isn’t quite _______ it should be.

A. that B. what C. as D. whatever

62. A good writer must connect ______ he writes with ______ has happened around him.

A. what……what B. that……that C. what……that D. what……that

参考答案

1-8 BBABC，BDC 9-CA 10-CA 11-20 ABABB，ADBBA

21-30 ABACA, BDCBA 31-40 BCCAC, ABBAD 41-50 DCCBD, ABCDA

51-60 DBBCD, BCBDA 61-62 BA

部分题目注释：

4． That从句是前面主语的同位语从句，从句谓语动词用 “(should)+原形” 是因为主语的原因。

10. 当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时要用that 不能用which。 《 9. A 相同 》

14. 答案是B，all跟前面的us,意为“我们所有人”。 all后省去了引出宾语从句的that。what引出宾语从句的主语从句。

15. 答案是B。that引出view的同位语从句，what引出同位语从句的主语从句。

20. 答案是A。 第二句是强调句型的疑问句。What是被强调的部分，放在句首引出疑问句。该句的中文意思是：你想要我讲的究竟是什么？

22．答案是B。第一个that是定语从句的关系代词，第二个that是so…that…引出的状语从句。

42. 本句参考译文：我用“success”时意思不是指人们用它时所通常所想到的意思。