高三英语复习与训练十六一--虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

2024-07-17

高三英语复习与训练十六一--虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)（共5篇）

1.高三英语复习与训练十六一--虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇一

虚拟语气练习题精选

1. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven.

A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished

2. She made the demand that the journalists _____ at once ______ Iraq.

A. leave; for B. leave; to C. left; to D. to be left; for

3. He is talking so much about America as if he _____ there.

A. had been B. has been C. was D. has gone

4. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and _____ free.

A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set

5. I suggested there ____ be a kind of language all could understand and use ____ .

A. can; it B. /; / C. would; it D. may; /

6. The suggestion has been made _____ the basketball game _____ put off.

A. for; to B. that; be C. which; should be D. to; being

7. The order came that the medical supplies _____ to Beijing for the Sars soon.

A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent

8. It is important that we _____ wild animals.

A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting

9. Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.

A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been

10. _____ any change about the date, please tell me immediately.

A. Will there be B. Should there be C. There will be D. There should be

11. _____ today, he would get there by Friday.

A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave

12. Should it rain, the crops _____ .

A. would be saved B. would have been saved C. will be saved D. had been saved

13. You _____ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.

A. would B. should have C. may D. have

14. He treated me as though/as if _____ his own son.

A. I am B. I would be C. I was D. I were

15. I _____ you some money, but I hadn’t any on me then.

A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent

16. A few minutes earlier and we _____ the rain.

A. have caught B. had caught C. could have caught D. were to catch

17. --- “Have you ever been to Beijing?” --- “No, but I wish I _____”

A. have B. will C. do D. had

18. I’m glad I went over all my notes; otherwise _____ .

A. I may have failed B. I’d fail C. I’d have failed D. I’ll have failed

19. --- “What will you do during the summer holiday?”

--- “I don’t know, but it’s high time _____ something.”

A. I’m deciding B. I’ll decide C. I decided D. I decide

20. What should we do if it _____ tomorrow?

A. should snow B. would snow C. snow D. will snow

21. If only I _____ my watch!

A. hadn’t lost B. haven’t lost C. didn’t lost D. don’t lose

22. You _____ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice.

A. may not make B. might not make

C. shouldn’t have made D. might not have made

23. We _____ the work on time without your help.

A. hadn’t had finished B. didn’t have finished C. couldn’t have finished D. can’t have finished

24. --- “Where have you been?”

--- “I got caught in traffic; otherwise _____ sooner.”

A. I would be here B. I have been here C. I had been here D. I would have been here

25. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.

A. were B. had been C. are D. should be

用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意使用合适的情态动词助动词

1. If I _____ him yesterday I _____ him about it. (see, ask)

2. What do you think would happen if there _____ no light during the days? (be)

3. But for your help, I couldn’t _____ the place. (find)

4. If her lawyer _____ here last Sunday, he _____ her from going. (be, prevent)

5. If it had not been for the liberation, no changes _____ place in my hometown. (take)

6. If Miss Green _____ late tomorrow, who would take her place? (come)

7. It seems as if it ____ already summer now. (be)

8. I wish I _____ him the day before yesterday. (see)

9. I made the suggestion that they _____ the plan they had made. (stick)

10. It is suggested that a study plan _____ right now. (make)

11. They required that we _____ them get in the crops. (help)

12. It was ordered that no smoking _____ in the library, which made the smokers unhappy. (allow)

13.I’d rather Tom _____ tomorrow. (come)

14.It is about time you ____ the medicine, sir. (take)

15.If there _____ no electricity in the future, our life _____ a lot. (be, change)

16.Without the Communist Party there ____ New China.

17. What would have happened if you her child? (not help)

18. It is strange that he so. (think)

19. I wish I my uncle yesterday. (meet)

20. Galileo insisted that the earth round the sun. (move)

21. I was very busy yesterday, otherwise I to the meeting. (come)

22. Supposing the weather bad, where would they go? (be)

23. If only I to my parents’ advice! (listen)

24. I to stay there for one more week, but I changed my mind. (hope)

25. His silence at the meeting suggested that he to your plan. (agree)

26. Li Ling acted that way as though he a foreigner. (be)

参考答案

Key: 1-5. CAABB 6-10. BCBCB

11-15. CABDB 16-20. CDCCA 21-25. ADCDC

用所给动词的正确形式填空

1. had seen; would have asked

2. were 3.have found

4.had been; would have prevented

5. would have taken 6. should come/came/were to come 7. were

8. had seen 9. stick to

10. be made 11. help 12. be allowed 13. came 14. should take/took

15. should be; would change

16. would be no 17. hadn’t helped

18. (should) think 19. had met

20. moves 21.would have come

22. were 23. had listened

24. had hoped 25. didn’t agree

26. were

责任编辑：李芳芳

2.高三英语复习与训练十六一--虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇二

一、一般疑问句中几个情态动词的问与答

1. Need I/he/…?

Yes,you/he/…must.(不用need)

2. Must I/ he/…?

No,you/ he/…needn’t/don’t(doesn’t,won’t)have to.(不用mustn’t)

3. May I/ he/…?

No,you/ he/…mustn’t.(少用may not)

4. Could(Can)you…?

Yes,I can (不用could)

5. Shall I/she/ he…?

No,you(she,he)needn’t/can’t/mustn’t

二、情态动词表“推测”

1.can,may,must使用的句式：

1)肯定陈述句中：must表“肯定、必定、一定”意，may/might表“也许，或许”意。

2)否定陈述句中：can’t/couldn’t表“不可能”意，may not/might not表“也许不、可能不”意。

3)疑问句中：只能用can或could,不能用must,may或might。

注意：表推测的could,might并不是指过去时间，而是表示比can,may把握性略小些的情况。

2.对目前状态的推测：

1)must/may/might/can/could+be+表语

例如：She must be a teacher.她肯定是老师。She can’t/couldn’t be a doctor.她肯定不是医生。 He may not/might not be a doctor.他可能不是医生。

2)must/may/might/can/could+一些不能用于进行时的静态动词(如:have,exist,live,like,hate,own,belong to等)

例如：She must have her own car,for she has a lot of money.

That kind of bird may live in the valleys.

3.对目前正在发生的事情进行推测：

句式：must/may/might/can/could+be doing

例如：They must be waiting for us.他们肯定正在等我们。

She may/might be doing her homework.她可能正在做作业。

Can/Could he be playing football?他会正在踢足球吗?

4.对已发生的事情进行推测：

句式：must/may/might/can/could+have done

例如：There’s no lignt in the room. They must have gone to bed./She knows nothing about the film. She can’t/couldn’t have seen it./Can/Could he have been a doctor?/He may/might(not)have been a teacher./They must have been watching TV at nine last night./Can/Could she have stayed in Beijing last year?

注意：will have done句式也可表“肯定/可能已经…”推测意。

例如：He will have learned advanced mathematics,for he knows a lot about it. 他肯定/可能学过高等数学，因为他对此懂得很多。

三、“情态动词+have done”用法

1.should/ought to +have done,意“本应该…”，含有责备或后悔意。

例如：You should have come here a little earlier./I ought to have sent him to school./

2.shouldn’t/oughtn’t to+have done,意“本不应该”，含有责备或后悔意。

例如：You shouldn’t have watered the flower./I oughtn’t to have scolded her for such a small thing.

3.might have done,意“过去可能做”;could have done意“本能够做”，两者都含有委婉批评或遗憾之意，也可表对过去情况的推测。

例如：He might have gone to Nanjing with Professor Wang.last week,but he was ill.上星期他本可以和王教授一起去南京的，可他病了。We could have finished the work ahead of time.我们本来是能够提前完成工作的。

四、情态动词在反意疑问句中的用法

1.“肯定祈使句+附加问句”结构，附加问句常用will/would/won’t you形式。

例如：Stand still,will/would/won’t you?

2.“否定祈使句+附加问句”结构，附加问句常用will/would you形式。

例如：Don’t watch TV,will/would you?

3.Let’s…,shall we? ; Let us…,will/won’t you?

4.含有must句子的反意问句

1)must表示“必须”时，附加部分常用needn’t,也可用mustn’t.例如：He must go with you,needn’t/mustn’t he?

2)mustn’t表“一定不能”时，附加部分用may.例如：She mustn’t leave,may she?

3)must表“一定、想必”推测意时，附加部分主要有下列几种形式：

A.He must be an engineer,isn’t he?They must be writing now,aren’t they?(这类句子问句前部分含“must be…”或“must be doing…”。)

B.She must have a car/live there, doesn’t she?

C.He must have seen the film,hasn’t he?(这类句子问句前部分的谓语为must have done,句子无具体过去时间状语。)

D.He must have seen the film last week,didn’t he?(这类句子问句前面部分的谓语为must have done,句子有具体过去时间状语。)

E.Mother must have been shopping then,wasn’t she?(前面部分谓语为must have been doing。)

5.含有may表推测的句子，其反意问句形式与must表推测的反意问句形式相似。

例如：She may have finished her homework,hasn’t she?

五、几组词语辨析

1.must与have to:must强调说话者的主观看法，have to强调客观需要，表示“不必”意要用needn’t或don’t/didn’t/won’t have to,不能用mustn’t。

2.can/could与be able to:can多用于现在时，也可用于将来时，could只用于过去时，be able to可用于各种时态。表示“过去经过努力而做成(或没做成)”要用was/were(not) able to ，而不用could(not)。例如：He worked hard,but he wasn’t able to pass the exam.

3.will,would,used to:都可表“习惯”意。①will表示不受时间限制的习惯性动作。如：Fish will die out of water./ She’ll sit for hours without saying anything.

②would表示过去习惯性的动作，但不涉及与现在情况的对比。如：He would walk by the river in the morning.注意：would后不能跟表状态动词。例如不能说He would be late for school last year. ③used to表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但这种习惯现在已不存在了。如：He used to get up early. He used to be late for school.

4.dare与need

六、虚拟语气在if引导的条件句的用法

1)与现在事实相反的结构：

2)与过去事实相反的结构：

3)与将来事实相反的结构：

**当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如：

If you had worked hard, you would be very tired.

(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在.)

5以上句型可以转换成下列形式:

**省略if,用“were, have, should +主语”. 例如:

Were I in school again, I would work harder.

Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.

Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.

**用介词短语代替条件状语从句：but forwithout.例如:

Without air, there would be on living things.

But for your help, I couldn’t have done it.

七、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法

1.“wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”. “……就好了”, “悔不该……”, “但愿……”等.

表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望用“would(could) +动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望时用“had +过去分词”或“(could)would +have +过去分词”.例如:

I wish it were spring all the year round.

I wish you could go with us.

We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

2.虚拟语气在动词一个坚持(insist);两个命令(order，demand);三个建议(advise,suggest,propose);四项要求(demand,require,request,ask),等后面的宾语从句中用“(should)+动词原形”.例如:

We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.

We insisted that they (should) go with us.

The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.

He demanded that we (should) start right away.

**注意:insist作“力言”, “强调”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气,只有当insist作 “坚持(认为)”, “坚持(应该)”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气.例如:

Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.

又如suggest

3.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句

作advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形”.例如:

We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for

sightseeing.

My idea is that we (should) exercises first.

4.虚拟语气在 as if(as though)中，引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用.

如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时，指现在状况，则用过去时，指将来则用过去将来时.例如：

He looked as if he were an artist.

He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.

Even if he were here，he could not solve the problem.

5.虚拟语气用于主语从句.

在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“ should 十动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等.例如：

It is necessary( important，natural，strange，etc) that … we should clean

the room every day.

It was a pity ( a shame，no wonder，etc) that you should be so careless.

It will be desired( suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc)

that she should finish her homework this afternoon.

在上述三种主语从句中，should意为“应该”,“竟然”，可以省去，但不可换用would.主句所用动词的时态不限.

注意：这种从句表示的是事实.如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气.反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述语气，例如：

It is a strange that he did not come yesterday.

It is a pity that you can’t swim.

八.几种常见的其他虚拟语气结构

1.虚拟语气用于定语从句

这种从句常用在 It is( high) time( that)…句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式，或 should十动词原形( should不能省略，be用 were)来表示，意为“(现在)该……”。例如：

It is ( high) time we left (should leave).

lt is high time we were going.

2.虚拟语气用于 if only引导的感叹句中,用法同.wish

If only I had taken his advice.

我要是听他的话就好了.

If only I were a bird.我如果是一只鸟就好了.

3.虚拟语气在简单句中的应用

l)情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中，例如：

It would be better for you not to stay up too late.

Would you be kind enough to open the door?

2)用于一些习惯表达法中，例如：

Would you like a cup of tea?

I would rather not tell you. You had better go now.

3)用“ may 十动词原形”表示“祝愿”、“但愿”. may须置于句首，例如：May you be happy! May you succeed!

4.would rather-----

3.高三英语复习与训练十六一--虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇三

（一）并列句中的省略

在并列句中，第二分句（或第三、第四分句）往往可以省略与前句相同的成分。如：

Some books are to be tasted, others (are) to be swallowed, and some few (are) to be chewed and digested.

（二）简单句中的省略

1．省略主语

1)祈使句中的主语通常被省略。如：

(You) Be seated, please.

2）其他省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如：

(I)Thank you for your help. （谢谢你的帮助。）

(It)Doesn’t matter. （没关系。）

2．省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。如：

(There is) No smoking. （禁止吸烟。）

(Is there) Anything else ?（还有其他事吗？）

(You come) This way, please. （请这边走）。

(Will you)Have a smoke ?（吸支烟？）

What (do you) think about a cup of tea ?（来一杯怎么样？）

Why（do you）not say hello to him ?（为什么不和他说声再见呢？）

3．省略宾语。如：

-Do you know Miss Gao ?（你认识高小姐吗？）

-I don’t know（her）. （我不认识。）

-Which of them is the better choice ?（他们中谁是更合适的人选？）

-Well, it’s hard to tell（it）. （哟，这很难说。）

4．省略表语。如：

-Are you thirsty ?（你渴吗？）

-Yes, I am（thirsty）. （是的，我渴。）

5．同时省略几个成分。如：

-Are you feeling better now ?（你觉得好些吗？）

-（I am feeling）Much better（now）. （好多了。）

-Have you finished your work ?（你完成工作了吗？）

-（I have）Not（finished my work）yet. （还没有。）

（I wish）Good luck（to you）！（祝你顺利！）

6．其他一些省略结构

1）名词所有格所修饰的名词，若表示住宅、店铺、教堂或上文已暗示或明确指出过的事物时，常常可以省略。如：

We spent the weekend at the Blacks’.

2）what和how引导的感叹句中，常可省略主语it和be动词。如：

What a wonderful victory（it is）for Wilma!

How wonderful（it was）to be treated like a normal child, even when I was bad.

3）不定式省略，单独使用不定式符号to。

①代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常在be afraid，expect，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，seem，try，wand，wish等后边。如：

I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to.

②在have，need，ought，be going，，used等后。如：

I didn’t want to go there, but I had to.

③在某些形容词glad，happy，pleased，delighted等后，如：

-Will you join in the game ?

-I’d be glad to.

④否定形式的省略用not to。如：

-Shall I go instead of him ?

-I prefer not to.

⑤如果不定式中含有be，have，have been，通常保留be，have和have been。如：

-Are you a sailor ?

-No, but I used to be.

-He hasn’t finished yet.

-Well, he ought to have.

（三）复合句中的省略

1．定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that，which，whom常可以省略；当先行词是time，reason，place时作状语的关系副词when，why，where也可以省去。如：

This is the first time（when）he had trouble with the boss.

2．当wh-疑问词引导宾语从句且后边的内容与前边重复时，可以把重复的内容省去，而保留wh-疑问词。如：

Tom was sad, but I don’t know why（he was sad）.

3．状语从句中的省略现象

一般来说，省略现象多出现于下列五种状语从句中：

由when，while，as，before，after，till，until，once等引导的时间状语从句；由if，unless，whether等引导的条件状语从句；由though，although，even if，whatever等引导的让步状语从句，由as，than引导的让步状语从句；由as，as if，as though 方式状语从句。

上述状语从句在省略时，并不是任何成分都可以省略，而是遵循一定的原则：

1）当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：

①连词(as, as if, once) + 名词

Once（he was）a teacher, he now works in a government office.

②连词(though，whether，when) + 形容词

Work hard when（you are）young, or you’ll regret.

③连词(whether, as if, while) + 介词短语

He looked everywhere as if（he was）in search of something.

④连词(when，while，though) + 现在分词

While（I was）walking along the street, I heard my name called.

⑤连词（when，if，even if，unless，once，until，than，as） + 过去分词

The exhibition is more interesting than（it was）expected.

⑥连词（as if，as though） + 不定式

He opened his lips as if（he were）to speak.

注意：当从句的主语和主句的宾语一致时，间或也有这样的省略：

Her father told her to be careful when（she was）crossing the street.

2）当从句中的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系统动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词(if，unless，when，whenever) + 形容词的结构。如：

Unless（it is）necessary, you’d better not refer to the dictionary.

另外，我们还可以用so或not代替上文内容，此时可有if + so/not省略句式。

Get up early tomorrow. If not（you don’t get up early），you will miss the first bus.

He may not be at home then, if so（he is not at home），leave him a note.

替代

（一）so和not作替代词，代替被省略的某个词、词组或句子，一般同表示个人看法或想法的动词连用，作be afraid，believe，become，all，do，expect，fear，hope，imagine，say，see，speak，suppose，think等的宾语。Not代替否定的句子，还可放在perhaps，probably，absolutely等副词后。如：

She was not angry at first, but became so（=angry）after a while.

-Is he the best student in the class ?

-I think so（=He is best student in the class. ）

-I think not（=He is not the best student in the class）.

（二）替代的应用

1．So可以放在句首或句尾，但若谓语动词是see, notice, hear等，则只能放在句首。如：

I believe（say, think…）so. =So I believe（say, think…）.

-He is absent today.

-So I see（hear, notice）.

2．在表示肯定或怀疑意义的句中不可用so。如：

误：I doubt so.

正：I doubt it.

3．在ask和know之后也不用so。如：

误：Why do you ask so ?

正：Why do you ask that ?

4．do so一般只用替代动态动词，不替代静态动词。如：

She said she would go with me, but she didn’t do so.

-Alice feels better today.

-I think she does.

-So she does.

但不可说：I think she does so.

基础训练

1.(春季全国高考题)The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if________whether he was going in the right direction.

A.seeing B.having

C.to have seen D.to see

2.(全国高考题)Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment，________ I will always treasure.

A.that B.oneC.it D.what

3.I often think of my childhood,during________I lived on my uncle’s farm.

A.which B.when C.where D.who

4.-May I help you with some shoes，sir?

-Yes，I’d like to try on those white ________.

A.one B.ones C.two D.pair

5.Here are four choices，which do you think is the best________?

A.choices B.that C.ones D./

6.-What’s the difference between the first house and the second?

-The first one has a garage while the second has ________.

A.nothing B.none C.no one D.neither

7.-Have you ever been to Shanghai?

-________.

A.Not yet B.Haven’t

C.Yet not D.Still not

8.-Don’t forget to come to my birthday party.

-________.

A.I don’t B.I won’t

C.I don’t forget D.I won’t forget

9.-Be sure to get up earlier tomorrow morning.

-________.I’ll be as early as a bird.

A.OK.I will B.I’m afraid 1 can

C.Of course not D.No，I will

10.-What’s the matter with you?

-I didn’t pass the test，but 1 still ________

A.hope so B.hope to

C.hope it D.hope that

11.-Is she really ill?

-________.She’s in hospital.

A.I hope so B.I’m sure

C.1 don’t think so D.I’m afraid so

12.I am happy if you ________.

A.happy B.are C.will D.be

13.-I say it is your turn to be on duty today.

-________?

A.Mine B.I C.Myself D.Me

14.Don’t come in unless ________.

A.inviting B.inviting to

C.invited to D.being invited to

15.-I usually go there by train.

-Why not ________by boat for a change?

A.to try going B.try to go

C.to try and go D.try going

16.The doctor did what he could ________the boy，but in vain.

A.save B.to save

C.saving D.saved

17.He spent most of his spare time________novels.

A.to read B.reading

C.to reading D.for reading

18.All the girl want ________do is________stay at home and study hard.

A./；to B.to；to

C.to；/ D.either B or C

19.-Why did you take a taxi?

-I ________.I was late.

A.have to B.have to do

C.had to D.had to do

20.-Why didn’t you do your homework yesterday?

-But ________，sir.

A.I did so B.I didn’t do it

C.I didn’t forget D.I did do it

21.He is very famous here，so we had no trouble________him yesterday.

A.to find B.finding

C.found D.in founding

22.-How often do they give the concert?

-________.

A.For twice a month B.In twice a month

C.Twice a month D.Twice month

23.He is not ________his sister，but ________.

A.taller than；stronger B.so tall as；strong

C.taller than；is stronger D.as tall as;stronger

24.-You look happy today，Mary.

-I like my new dress and Mother ________，too.

A.likes B.does C.is D.do

25.-What do you think made Mary so upset?

-________ her new bicycle.

A.As she lost B.Lost

C.Losing D.Because of losing

26.-Who’s got all my money?

-He ________.

A.does B.is C.was D.has

27.The children are made________twelve hours a day.

A.to work B.work C.working D.worked

28.We often hear him________English songs.

A.to sing B.sing

C.singing D.to be singing

29.I’m very busy preparing for the exam，so I can’t help________the house work.

A.doing B.do C.did D.done

30.What doctors can do is________ people’s life.

A.save B.saving C.to save D.A or C

31.Although________to stop，he kept on working.

A.tell B.told C.was told D.having told

32.Ask him to take you home________possible.

A.at B.while C.if D.if they

33.The English book for kids is the best of its kind ________.

A.that has ever been made B.ever made

C.ever been made D.has ever been made

34.-Will Susan win the Nobel Prize this time?

-It is likely that she ________.

A.will B.does C.will do D.wins it

35.I prefer the climate of Kunming to________of Wuhan.

A.it B.one C.this D.that

36.-Mr.Black has just arrived.

-Really? ________.He didn’t accept our invitation.

A.I can’t imagine it B.1 don’t think so

C.I hope so D.I don’t believe him

37.They live on a busy main road.________ must be very noisy.

A.There B.It C.That D.They

38.We don’t go to the cinema as much as ________.

A.we used to go B.we used to do

C.used to D.we used to

39.Canada has a large area than________China.

A.that of B.the one of

C.it of D./

40.________，I’ll have a letter sent to your company.

A.If necessary B.If it were necessary

C.As I’m necessary D.Unless it is necessary

41.-Shall I invite Mike to my party?

-Yes，it will be nice if you ________.

A.do B.do invite

C.are D.invite

42.-Have you been here long?

-________.

A.No，not very B.Not much

C.Yes，only little D.No，only yesterday

43.-Do you follow me?

-Yes，________.

A.it is good B.I will

C.perfectly D.very good

44.Look out for cars________the street.

A.when crossed B.when crossing

C.if you crossed D.while you are crossing

45.She worked very hard________still rather poor in health.

A.though she B.although she

C.though D.although was

46.-Is the stamp very unusual?

-________.

A.Yes，very much B.Yes，it is so

C.Yes，very D.Yes，not very

47.-Can you climb that tree，my boy?

-________?

A.I B.Mine C.Myself D.Me

48.-Will you waste your time and money on that?

-Certainly ________.

A.I not B.no

C.won’t D.not

49.-What happened to the boy? He’s making so much noise.

-He wanted to play football，but his mother warned him ________.

A.not B.to

C.not to D.不填

50.-Shall I wake you up tomorrow morning?

-Yes，________.

A.please do B.you shall

C.you will D.you may

51.You have three children，but I have only two ________.

A.one B.ones

C./ D.child

52.-Mary said the lecture was boring.

-Yes，I said ________.

A.that B.this

C.the kind D.the same

53.-Alice，why didn’t you do it the day before?

-I ________，but I had an unexpected visitor.

A.had B.would

C.was going to D.does

54.-Do you need a new tie to go with your new suit，Mr.Smith?

-No.________.

A.I’m having plenty of ties

B.I have lots of ties to do it

C.I think I have several that will do

D.There are lots of ties to do it

55.-Are you a film star?

-________.

A.Yes，I was B.I used to be

C.I used to D.I’m used to

56.-I’ll be away on a business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?

-Not at all.________.

A.I’ve no time B.I’d rather not

C.I’d like it D.I’d be happy to

57.-I’m going to dig it up.

-What ________?

A.with B.by C.at D.from

58.Frightened by the noise in the night，the girl did not dare ________in her room.

A.sleeping B.to sleeping

C.sleep D.slept

59.-They have done a good job.

-________.Let’s go to congratulate them.

A.So they have done B.So they have

C.So have they D.So is it

60.He smokes a lot.Does his father ________?

A.smoke so B.smoke that

C.do so D.did that

基础训练18 省略与替代

1~5 DBABD 6~10 BABAB

11~15 DBACD 16~20 BBDCD

21~25 BCABC 26~30 DABBD

31~35 BCBAD 36~40 ABDDA

41~45 AACBC 46~50 CDDCA

51~55 CDCCB 56~60 DACBC

【解析】

1.根据上下文，空白处为he wanted to see之省略。

2.one在这里代替moment，以避免重复。

5.此处既可不填直接用形容词最高级表示替代，也可在其后加一个one表替代。

6.此处用none表示第二套房没有车库之类的设施；而nothing表示什么也没有，显然语意不合。

7.现在完成时否定式的省略回答。

10.hope to pass the test之省略。

11.根据下文的回答用I’m afraid so表示“恐怕如此”之意。

12.if you are happy的省略。

13.Is it my turn(=mine) to be on duty today?的省略。

18.当主语部分中含有do这个动词时，不定式作表语可省掉to，也可不省。

19.I had to take a taxi的省略。

20.I did do it表示“我确实做了”。

25.所做的回答要能替换What在句中所起的作用。

27.make sb.do sth.在主动语态中do前没有to，但如果变成被动语态则必须加to。

29.这里的can’t help是“不能帮忙(做某事)”的意思，所以跟带to或不带to的原形动词；如果can’t help是“禁不住；情不自禁”之意，则后跟动词的-ing形式。

32.if it is possible的省略。

58.dare用作实义动词时，在否定句中，其后的不定式符号to可以省略。

4.高三英语复习与训练十六一--虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇四

周至四中张荣利

众所周知，高三这一学年里，英语教师既要完成高中英语第三册的教学，又要带领学生进行会考、高考的复习备考，再加上我们农村地区的学生英语基础差，要让学生在一年内成绩有较大的提高，可谓任务紧、压力大。那麽，如何更加有效的进行教学呢?

分析历年考题后，我们会发现，高考、会考在重视英语基础知识的同时，都突出以测试语言运用能力为主的原则，形成了以篇章阅读为主的试题布局。说到底，高三复习最终目的是提高英语语言运用的能力。因此我的做法是这样的：

一、新课教学与单元复习同步进行.--------以新带旧,复习总结

边进行高三的课文教学，边对高中的内容如语音、词汇、语法和惯用法等语言知识进行查缺补漏和系统化训练。每单元除精选课本上的词汇、语法、填空或阅读理解习题进行即时训练外，还结合高考第一轮复习资料《创新设计》上高三部分套题对学生进行反馈训练。这些套题为每2单元一套，包括短语翻译15个，单词拼写10个，句形转换5个，单项选择15题(基本包括本单元主要语言点)、完型填空1篇。同时适当穿插语法专项、句型翻译、阅读理解和完型填空强化习题，印发一些范文让学生背。并告诉学生：词汇、短语的学习不能脱离语篇。要求同学通过诵读课文、范文，试着造句加深对词语与重点句型的印象。

二、加强词汇教学,积累语言信息.---------稳固根基,加强交际应用

在平时教学中对所学英语知识进行归纳总结，将零散的、孤单的知识有机地结合起来，使已学知识网络化，形成一个完整的知识体系，从而摸索出、总结出带规律性的东西，提高复习效率。比如：

(1)“点”：归纳常用、常考重点词汇的基本用法、语法特点、适用条件以及相关知识点，特别是一些使用频率教高的动词，如 need, consider, suggest, expect, prefer 等。例如 suggest, 可表示“建议”，也表示“暗示”“表明” 等意义;还有suggest doing的结构, 以及做宾语从句时要用虚拟句型suggest that sb.(should)do 的结构，而作“暗示”、“表明”时则要用陈述语气;据此还可以联想到所带宾语从句中用虚拟语气的相关动词insist, demand, order, advice等。

(2) “线”：对有共同用法特点的词汇进行归纳、串联，形成知识链。如，既可作实义动词又可作系动词的词有：sound，smell，taste，get，become，turn，grow，come，fall，go，remain，look，appear，seem等。又如常用动名词(不能用不定式)作宾语的动词有：mind, enjoy, finish, imagine, suggest, avoid, practise, delay, appreciate, risk，等。

(3) “面”：由点及线，由线及面，培养发散思维和知识迁移的能力。对搭配能力强的词汇在复习时让学生先进行归纳复习。如复习Put用法时，马上想到Put away,put aside,put sth.in order,put on,put up with,put through等。再区别记忆。

(4) “分”：英语近义、同义词的学习和归纳可以扩大知识面，增强语言的使用能力。如在复besides 用法时，可以联系except, but, except for, except that, but for, apart from, other than 等词汇的词义区别和用法。再如: dress, be in ..., put on, have on, wear等词汇都可以表示“穿戴”，但他们的意义和用法的区别在哪?

(5)“合”：正确处理语法教学和阅读教学的关系：

要摆脱语法束缚，就得学好语法，逐步养成用英语思维的习惯。现行教材强调交际和运用，可是交际并不排斥语法，我们不能孤立地谈交际、阅读，更不能片面地教语法。这是两个极端。语言的基本功能就是交际，就是用来交流思想和看法的，很难想象一个满口病句错句的人能把他自己的思想准确无误地表达出来。形式是为内容服务的，适当的语言形式(即语法)应在运用中、在篇章阅读中让学生不断体会，进行自我总结，再由老师简要归纳，最后为学生所掌握。

三、检测：

实施单元训练和月考制度。单元训练每单元学完进行一次，重点是对阅读理解、完形填空和写作的考查，测试时量不超过45分钟，题量为一张8开试卷纸(双面)。

四、专项突破

单项选择

1、这种题型知识面考查范围较宽,要通过上下文中的暗示,附加信息掌握语境,正确推测对话双方的关系,选择符合西方文化习俗的正确答语;

2、在题中加入插入语成分、或故意打破句子的结构和平衡、或故意前置增加迷惑性;

3、句子结构题:考查强调句型、倒装句型、省略句型;

4、习语搭配型:提高区别相近习语混淆的能力;

5、逻辑题型:考查上下文的逻辑关系,选择恰当的连词;

6、将基础的语法、时态融入特设的愈境中,这时附加信息对答案有直接的影响;

完型填空

完形填空实际上是从词汇、语法、篇章、语境和用英语思维等方面对学生进行综合考查。所以，应从以下三个方面入手训练学生做完形填空的思维能力和解题技巧：

1.充分利用首句信息，掌握文章大意;

2.利用同位结构、破折号、上下文对词汇、词组进行推测;

3.掌握全文基本时态;

4、利用语篇标志解题;

语篇标志即:表明语篇内在联系的词语。如表示结构层次的firstly ,secondly ,finally等;表示逻辑关系的thus, therefore, so ;表示改变话题的by the way ,on the contrary,;表示递进的besides, what’s more ,further等;表示时间的before, after, so far, meanwhile ,later等;

5.利用语法知识分析句子结构;

6.利用词性和词语辨析法来解题;

7.利用文化背景和生活常识解题。

高考完形填空所选文章都堪称精品，其逻辑必是上下贯通，其脉络也必是井然有序，令人信服。因此，做完完形填空以后，应从文章的内在逻辑入手，看所选答案是否经得起推敲，是否能自然融入整个语篇，如果有游离于文章主旨之外或与整篇文章的逻辑相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。

阅读理解

阅读能力一直是高考英语测试的主题，完型填空题也是以阅读能力为基础的。因此，在平时的教学中，我们尽量采用整体教学法，注意培养学生的下列能力：

1.理解文章主旨大义的能力;

2.获取课文中重点细节的能力;

3.根据上下文、词缀推测生词词义的能力;

4.根据文章的内容和提供的线索做出简单判断和推理的能力;

5.理解文章基本结构和逻辑关系的能力;

6.理解作者基本意图和基本态度的能力;

7.分清文章中的事实和观点的能力;

8.理解指代关系的能力;

9.理解图表信息的能力;

10.预测下文的能力。

在进行专项复习中，让学生限时阅读，培养他们快速阅读的技巧。对于学生无法读懂的文章，采用泛读和精读相结合的办法，通过对语义的解析，使同学理解语篇。阅读训练的重点是主旨大意和推理能力的培养。同时，课外给学生一定的阅读量，使他们熟悉各种体裁的文章，提高阅读能力。同时注意文章的时效性，题材的多样化。特别关注人与人、人与自然的和谐，健康与饮食，环保与节能内容的文章。

短文改错

1、检查是否“三一致，”即：主谓一致，指代一致，时态一致;

2、平行结构的一致：由and,but 连接或是比较状语结构是否前后一致;是否该省略“to”;是否是并列谓语;

3、用词的准确性，是否夹杂了文化差异;

4、并列与转折：根据上下文，选择恰当的连词;

5、逻辑推理与语意呼应：上下文的语意是否一致;

6、介词、动词是否搭配一致;

7、冠词是否恰当，是不是零冠词;

8、形容词是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级;

9、名词的数与格;

10、注意隔行句(每行只有一个错);

书面表达

写作的过程与达标是一个渐进的过程。在高中的整个课文教学中，要求学生背诵每篇课文中的典型句式和表达好的句式。在高三的作文讲解中，也要重视对学生组句成文、文法知识、各种文体的行文方法的指导和对学生进行范文引导和习文点评。同时通过汉译英、词语造句的练习来强化学生对句法和文章结构的理解与认识。这样，学生在训练过程中逐步积累题型训练经验、获得答题技巧，提高语言交际运用能力。以下是注意事项：

1. 加强遣词造句的训练。把握五种基本句型结构，避免中式英语，力使句子语言生动、精练;

2. 练习篇章写作。循序渐进，仿写、改写、缩写、扩写，正确使用过渡词语;

3. 规范使用大小写和标点符号，避免非文字信息的丢分;

4. 注意人称、时态的一致和文章格式;

5. 学会审题，思路清晰，拟好提纲，避免要点错漏;

6. 字数适中，书写规范，卷面整洁。

五、考前训练

专项训练结束后，再进行NMET的适应性训练。训练学生审查试卷和填涂答题卡的习惯，养成良好的适应考试的能力，使学生在考试中能够发挥正常水平。时间分配上，建议单项选择用12分钟，完型填空用18分钟，阅读理解用40到45分钟，单词拼写和改错题用10分钟，写作(包括阅读填空)用25到30分钟，填涂答题卡用5分钟(建议每做完一个大题填涂一次，避免出错和没时间填涂)。

总之，高三的教学重点就在于通过第一轮对基础知识的系统复习、归纳、整理、深化，第二轮的专项训练和第三轮的模拟训练，完成由知识向应用能力的成功转化，使学生具备参加高考的能力和取胜的信心。

5.高三英语复习与训练十六一--虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇五

1. dozen , score

2. in the (early/ late)nineties / in the 1990s/ in the 90’s 在九十年代

in one’s (early/ late)nineties 在某人九十多岁

3. 分数的表达法:

1/2 a half/ one half 1/4 a/ one quarter

3/4 three fourths / three quarters 3 1/4 three and on quarter

4. nine ----ninth / ninety

four---- fourth/ forty (第九四十有变化)

5. 小数的读法

0.4 zero point four / point four 10.23 ten point two three

1.03 one point o three

1.03 meters/ 0.5 meter

6. 百分数的读法

50% fifty percent (percent 无复数形式)

7. 加减乘除法

① 加用 plus, and , add 等于用is , make, equal, 提问用how much,

② 减用minus , take from

③ 乘用 time , multiply

④ 除用 divide 的过去分词表示

注意: 加,乘的谓语单复皆可, 而减，除的谓语用单数.

Two and three is equal to five=Two and three make five.= Two added to three equals five.

Take 6 from ten and the remainder is four. = Six taken from ten is four.

Multiply three by four, we get twelve.= The multiplied by four makes 12.

Sixteen divided by four is / equals/ makes four.

主谓一致

1. 一些固定不变的名词的复数形式

如: crossroads(十字路口), barracks(兵营) , headquarters(总部), means(方法,手段) , species(种类,品种), series(系列), works(工厂)等. 动词的单复数取决于限定词或上下文内容中作者要表达的意思.

2. 以s 结尾的学科名词用单数谓语动词:

economics(经济学), electronics(电子学), mathematics(数学), politics(政治学) 等

3. 有些表示成双成对的词,常用复数形式,且谓语动词用复数.如:eyeglasses, pants(裤子), scissors(剪刀), shoes, shorts(短裤), socks(短袜), stockings(长统袜), trousers,等.

4. 集合名词: 强调整体时用单数,强调集体的成员时用复数:如:army , audience(观众), board(委员会), committee(委员会), crew(全体队员,船员,机组人员), crowd(人群), firm(公司), government(政府), group(组群), majority(多数人), minority(少数人), public(公众), staff(全体工作人员), union(联盟)等.

注意: the public 表示公共场所的人时谓语单数或复数都可以.

man(人类), police(警察)只能做复数名词使用,谓语只能用复数.

5. 表示人名,地名,国家名等专有名词或不可数名词的谓语一律用单数.

6. 注意一些名词的特殊复数形式: phenomenon-phenomena(现象), goose-geese(鹅肉), mouse-mice(老鼠), 等

7. 不定代词或every 加名词做主语: every, each, either, neither, one, no one, somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, someone, anyone, everyone, something, anything, nothing, everything,等,在句中做主语,或做限定词限定一个名词或加of时, 谓语用单数.

8. 限定词加名词做主语: all, any, many, more, most, some的谓语取决于他们所修饰的名词.

注意: many a / more than one 是固定搭配, 谓语也用单数.

9. 含有of的短语和介词短语做主语时

① half of, all of, any of, a lot of, most of, --- percent of , some of, five sevenths of , the rest of 等短语的谓语取决于of后的名词.

②a number of 与the number of

10. 就前原则

当主语间由介词with, together with, along with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than, not to mention, including , like, but, except等连接时, 其谓语取决于此介词前一个主语.

11. 就近原则

not only---but also , either,--- or, neither---nor, or 等连接多个主语时, 谓语取决于离谓语最近的那个主语.

12. 比较: The singer and the dancer are going to attend our party.

The singer and dancer is going to attend our party.

13. 固定词组: a knife and fork, a cup and saucer(带茶托的茶杯), ice-cream and cake (冰淇淋蛋糕), iron and steel, 不管作复合名词还是形容词, 谓语都用单数.

14. 凡是计量时间,距离,金钱,体积,尺寸等的度量衡作主语时, 位于都用单数, 常见的有:

years, dollars, dozens, miles, length, width等.

15. 数学上的加减乘除的规律是: 加,乘的谓语单复皆可, 而减，除的谓语用单数.

16. 分类词做主语是: form, kind, part, piece, portion, quantity, section, sort, type 等加of形成的短语作主语时,谓语取决于这些词本身的单复数.

The newest types of computer are on show.

17. 动名词和不定式作主语时, 谓语一律用单数.

18. 从句作主语时, 主句的谓语用单数,担当what, all(that),或such引导的句子作主语时谓语要取决于后面的表语.