四级常用词汇总结(精选4篇)
1.四级常用词汇总结 篇一
写英文简历常用词汇总结
(1):个人资料用词
name 姓名
alias 别名
pen name 笔名
date of birth 出生日期
birth date 出生日期
born 出生于
birth place 出生地点
age 年龄
native place 籍贯
province 省
city 市
autonomous region 自治区
prefecture 专区
county 县
nationality 民族,国籍
citizenship 国籍
duel citizenship 双重国籍
address 地址
current address 目前地址
present address 目前地址
permanent address 永久地址
postal code 邮政编码
home phone 住宅电话
office phone 办公电话
business phone 办公电话
Tel.电话
sex 性别
male 男
female 女
height 身高
weight 体重
marital status 婚姻状况
family status 家庭状况
married 已婚
single/unmarried 未婚
divorced 离异
separated 分居
number of children 子女人数
none 无
street 街
lane 胡同,巷
road 路
district 区
house number 门牌
health 健康状况
health condition 健康状况
blood type 血型
short-sighted近视
far-sighted 远视
color-blind 色盲
ID card No.身份证号码
date of availability 可到职时间
available 可到职
membership 会员,资格
president 会长
vice-president 副会长
director 理事
standing director 常务理事
secretary general 秘书长
society 学会
association 协会
research society 研究会
简历词汇(2):教育程度用词
education 学历
educational background 教育程度
educational history 学历
curriculum 课程
major 主修
minor 副修
educational highlights 课程重点部分
curriculum included 课程包括
specialized courses 专门课程
courses taken 所学课程
courses completed 所学课程
special training 特别训练
social practice 社会实践
part-time jobs 业余工作
summer jobs 暑期工作
vacation jobs 假期工作
refresher course 进修课程
extracurricular activities 课外活动
physical activities 体育活动
recreational activities 娱乐活动
academic activities 学术活动
social activities 社会活动
rewards 奖励
scholarship 奖学金
“Three Goods” student 三好学生
excellent League member 优秀团员
excellent leader 优秀干部
student council 学生会
off-job training 脱产培训
in-job training 在职培训
educational system 学制
academic year 学年
semester 学期(美)
term 学期(英)
president 校长
vice-president 副校长
dean 院长
assistant dean 副院长
academic dean 教务长
department chairman 系主任
professor 教授
associate professor 副教授
guest professor 客座教授
lecturer 讲师
teaching assistant 助教
research fellow 研究员
research assistant 助理研究员
supervisor 论文导师
principal 中学校长(美)
headmaster 中学校长(英)
master 小学校长(美)
dean of studies 教务长
dean of students 教导主任
dean of students 教导主任
teacher 教师
probation teacher 代课教师
tutor 家庭教师
governess 女家庭教师
intelligence quotient 智商
pass 及格
fail 不及格
marks 分数
grades 分数
scores 分数
examination 考试
grade 年级
class 班级
monitor 班长
vice-monitor 副班长
commissary in charge of studies 学习委员
commissary in charge of entertainment 文娱委员
commissary in charge of sports 体育委员
commissary in charge of physical labor 劳动委员
Party branch secretary 党支部书记
League branch secretary 团支部书记
commissary in charge of organization 组织委员
commissary in charge of publicity 宣传委员
degree 学位
post doctorate 博士后
doctor(Ph.D)博士
master 硕士
bachelor 学士
student 学生
graduate student 研究生
abroad student 留学生
returned student 回国留学生
foreign student 外国学生
undergraduate 大学肄业生
senior 大学四年级学生;高中三年级学生
Junior 大学三年级学生;高中二年级学生
sophomore 大学二年级学生;高中一年级学生
freshman 大学一年级学生
guest student 旁听生(英)
auditor 旁听生(美)
government-supported student 公费生
commoner 自费生
extern 走读生
day-student 走读生
intern 实习生
prize fellow 奖学金生
boarder 寄宿生
classmate 同班同学
schoolmate 同校同学
graduate 毕业生
简历词汇(3):工作经历用词
accomplish 完成(任务等)
achievements 工作成就,业绩
adapted to 适应于
adept in 善于
administer 管理
advanced worker 先进工作者
analyze 分析
appointed 被任命的assist 辅助
authorized 委任的;核准的be promoted to 被提升为
be proposed as 被提名为;被推荐为
behave 表现
breakthrough 惊人的进展,关键问题的解决
break the record 打破记录
business background 工作经历
business experience 工作经历
business history 工作经历
conduct 经营,处理
control 控制
cost 成本;费用
create 创造
decrease 减少
demonstrate 证明,示范
design 设计
develop 开发,发挥
devise 设计,发明
direct 指导
double 加倍,翻一番
duties 职责
earn 获得,赚取
effect 效果,作用
eliminate 消除
employment experience工作经历
employment record 工作经历
employment 工作
enlarge 扩大
enliven 搞活
enrich 使丰富
establish 设立(公司等);使开业;确立
evaluation 估价,评价
excellent League member 优秀团员
excellent Party member 优秀党员
execute 实行,实施
expand 推广;扩大
expedite 加快;促进
experience 经历
exploit开发(资源,产品)
export 出口
found 创立
generate 产生
good at 擅长于
guide 指导;操纵
implement 完成,实施
import 进口
improve 改进,提高
increase 增加
influence 影响
initiate 创始,开创
innovate 改革,革新
inspired 受启发的;受鼓舞的install 安装
integrate 使结合;使一体化
introduce 采用,引进
invent 发明
invest 投资
job title 职位
justified 经证明的;合法化的launch 开办(新企业)
lead 领导
lengthen 延长
lessen 减少(生产成本)
level 水平
localize 使地方化
maintain 保持;维修
make 制造
manage 管理,经营
manufacture 制造
mastered 精通的
modernize 使现代化
motivate 促进,激发
negotiate 谈判
nominated 被提名的;被任命的occupational history 工作经历
operate 操作,开动(机器等),经营(厂矿)
organize 组织
originate 创始,发明
overcome 克服(困难等)
participate in 参加
perfect 使完善;改善
perform 执行,履行
plan 计划
position 职位
professional history 职业经历
professional 职业经历
profit 利润
promote 生产,制造
promote 推销(商品);创立(企业)等
provide 提供,供应
raise 提高
reach 达到
realize 实现(目标等);获得(利润)
receive 收到,得到,接受
recognize 认清(职责等)
recommended 被推荐的;被介绍的reconsolidate 重新巩固;重新整顿
reconstruct 重建
recorded 记载的recover 恢复;弥补
rectify 整顿,调整
redouble 加倍,倍增
reduce 减少,降低(成本等)
refine 精练,精制
reform 改革
regenerate 更新,使更生
registered 已注册的regularize 使系统化
regulate 控制(费用等)
rehandle 重铸;重新处理
rehash 以新形式处理(旧材料)
reinforce 加强
reckon 计算(成本等)
renew 重建,换新
renovate 革新;修理
repair 修复,修补
replace 接替,替换
representative 代表,代理人
research 调查,研究
resolve 解决
responsibilities 职责
second job 第二职业
set 创造(纪录等)
settle 解决(问题等)
shorten 减低......效能
show 显示,表明
significant 重要的,有效的
simplify 简化,精简
solve 解决
sort out 清理
specific experience 具体经历
speed up 加速
sponsor 主办
spread 传播,扩大
standard 标准,规格
streamline 把......设计流线型
strengthen 加强,巩固
study 研究
succeed 成功
supervise 监督,管理
supply 供给,满足(需要)
systematize 使系统化
target 目标,指标
test 试验,检验
top 头等的,最高的total 总数,总额
translate 翻译,转化
travel 旅行
unify 使成一体,统一
use 使用,运用
useful 有用的utilize 利用
valuable 有价值的vivify 使活跃
well-trained 训练有素的work experience 工作经历
work history 工作经历
work 工作,起作用
working model 劳动模范
worth 使......钱的,有......价值的简历词汇(4):个人品质用词
able 有才干的,能干的active 主动的,活跃的adaptable 适应性强的adroit 灵巧的,机敏的aggressive 有进取心的alert 机灵的
ambitious 有雄心壮志的amiable 和蔼可亲的amicable 友好的
analytical 善于分析的apprehensive 有理解力的aspiring 有志气的,有抱负的audacious 大胆的,有冒险精神的capable 有能力的,有才能的careful 办事仔细的candid 正直的charitable 宽厚的competent 能胜任的confident 有信心的
conscientious 认真的,自觉的considerate 体贴的constructive 建设性的contemplative 好沉思的cooperative 有合作精神的creative 富创造力的
dashing 有一股子冲劲的,有拼搏精神的dedicated 有奉献精神的devoted 有献身精神的dependable 可靠的
diplomatic 老练的,有策略的disciplined 守纪律的
discreet(在行动,说话等方面)谨慎的dutiful 尽职的dynamic 精悍的earnest 认真的
well-educated 受过良好教育的efficient 有效率的energetic 精力充沛的enthusiastic 充满热情的expressive 善于表达
faithful 守信的,忠诚的forceful(性格)坚强的frank 直率的,真诚的friendly 友好的frugal 俭朴的
generous 宽宏大量的genteel 有教养的gentle 有礼貌的hard-working 勤劳的hearty 精神饱满的honest 诚实的hospitable 殷勤的humble 恭顺的humorous 幽默的impartial 公正的
independent 有主见的industrious 勤奋的ingenious 有独创性的initiative 首创精神
have an inquiring mind 爱动脑筋
intellective 有智力的intelligent 理解力强的
inventive 有发明才能的,有创造力的just 正直的
kind-hearted 好心的knowledgeable 有见识的learned 精通某门学问的liberal 心胸宽大的logical 条理分明的loyal 忠心耿耿的methodical 有方法的modest 谦虚的
motivated 目的明确的objective 客观的open-minded 虚心的orderly 守纪律的original 有独创性的
painstaking 辛勤的,苦干的,刻苦的practical 实际的precise 一丝不苟的persevering 不屈不挠的punctual 严守时刻的purposeful 意志坚强的qualified 合格的rational 有理性的realistic 实事求是的reasonable 讲道理的reliable 可信赖的responsible 负责的self-conscious 自觉的selfless 无私的
sensible 明白事理的sincere 真诚的smart 精明的
spirited 生气勃勃的sporting 光明正大的
steady 塌实的
straightforward 老实的strict 严格的
systematic 有系统的
strong-willed 意志坚强的sweet-tempered 性情温和的temperate 稳健的tireless 孜孜不倦的简历词汇(5):其它内容用词
objective 目标
career objective 职业目标
employment objective 工作目标
position wanted 希望职位
job objective 工作目标
position applied for 申请职位
position sought 谋求职位
position desired 希望职位
for more specialized work 为更专门的工作
for prospects of promotion 为晋升的前途
for higher responsibility 为更高层次的工作责任
for wider experience 为扩大工作经验
due to close-down of company 由于公司倒闭
due to expiry of employment 由于雇用期满
offered a more challenging opportunity 获得的更有挑战性的工作机会
sought a better job 找到了更好的工作
to look for a more challenging opportunity 找一个更有挑战性的工作机会
to seek a better job 找一份更好的工作
英语简历中自我评价常用语
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英语简历中自我评价常用语
1.Mature,dynamic and honest.
思想成熟、精明能干、为人诚实。
2.Excellent ability of systematical management.
有极强的系统管理能力。
3.Ability to work independent1y,mature and resourcefu1.
能够独立工作、思想成熟、应变能力强。
4..A person with ability plus flexibility should app1y.需要有能力及适应力强的人。
5..A stable personality and high sense of responsibility are desirable.个性稳重、具高度责任感。
6.Work well with a multi-cultural and diverse work force.能够在不同文化和工作人员的背景下出色地工作。
7.Bright,aggressive applicants.反应快、有进取心的应聘者。
8.Ambitious attitude essential.
有雄心壮志。
9.Initiative,independent and good communication skill.
积极主动、独立工作能力强,并有良好的交际技能。
10.Willing to work under pressure with leardership quality.
愿意在压力下工作,并具领导素质。
11.Willing to assume responsibilities.应聘者须勇于挑重担。
12.Mature,self-motivated and strong interpersonal skills.思想成熟、上进心强,并具极丰富的人际关系技巧。
13.Energetic,fashion-minded person.精力旺盛、思想新潮。
14.With a pleasant mature attitude.开朗成熟。
15.Strong determination to succeed.
有获得成功的坚定决心。
16.Strong leadership skills.
17.有极强的领导艺术。
18.Ability to work well with others.能够同他人一道很好地工作。
19.Highly-motivated and reliable person with excellent health and pleasant personality.上进心强又可靠者,并且身体健康、性格开朗。
20.The ability to initiate and operate independently.有创业能力,并能独立地从业。
21.Strong leadership skill while possessing a great team spirit.有很高的领导艺术和很强的集体精神。
22.Be highly organized and effecient.
工作很有条理,办事效率高。
23.Willing to learn and progress.
肯学习进取。
24.Good presentation skills.有良好的表达能力。
25.Positive active mind essential.
有积极、灵活的头脑。
26.Ability to deal with personnel at all levels effectively。
善于同各种人员打交道。
27.Have positive work attitude and be willing and able to work diligently without supervision。
有积极的工作态度,愿意和能够在没有监督的情况下勤奋地工作。
28.Young,bright,energetic with strong career-ambition.年轻、聪明、精力充沛,并有很强的事业心。
29.Good people management and communication skills.Team player.有良好的人员管理和交际能力。能在集体中发挥带头作用。
30.Able to work under high pressure and time limitation.能够在高压力下和时间限制下进行工作。
31.Be elegant and with nice personality.举止优雅、个人性格好。
32.With good managerial skills and organizational capabilities.有良好的管理艺术和组织能力。
33.The main qualities required are preparedness to work hard, ability
to learn, ambition and good health.35.主要必备素质是吃苦耐劳精神好、学习能力优、事业心强和身体棒。
36.Having good and extensive social connections.具有良好而广泛的社会关系。
37.Being active, creative and innonative is a plus.思想活跃、有首创和革新精神尤佳。
38.With good analytical capability.有较强的分析能力。
2.四级常用词汇总结 篇二
历年高考完形填空常用词汇总结
动词类:
1“看”
look看的动作/ see看的结果;watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察;Notice注意catch sight of看见/
stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看
Glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见
see a film watch TV 2“说”
telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容
talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流
Say sth诉说的内容
speak in English说的语言 whisper sth to sb 耳语
Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
Bargain讨价还价
chat聊天
repeat重复
explain解释
warn警告 remind提醒 Discuss 讨论debate辩论
figure 指出declare宣布 claim自称 mention 提起
admit 承认deny 否绝 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍complain抱怨
3“叫”
cry哭叫
call叫
shout大喊
scream尖叫
moan呻吟
sigh叹气 quarrel大吵
4“问”
ask 询问 interview 采访 express表达
question审问 5“答”
answer回答
respond回应(用其他方式回应)reply回复
“听” listen to听的动作
hear听的结果
pick up收听
overhear无意听到
7“写”
dictate听写
write sth 写 describe描写
drop a line 写信 draw画
take down/write down写下,记下
8“拿/放” take拿走
bring拿来
hold举着
carry扛,挑(无方向性)fetch拿来拿去
lift举
Put放 lay 铺/放置
pull拉/push推
9“抓”
take hold of 抓着 seize紧抓
grasp 握住
scratch 抠
10“打” hit一次性的打击
beat不间断的打击
strike突然的击打/突然想到
blow吹刮
attack攻击
11“扔” throw扔
drop掉 放弃 错过 fall 倒下无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake摇 12“送” send寄送
deliver递送
give给
offer 主动给予 see off给某人送行 13“摸/抱” touch摸 /fold折叠
/embrace拥抱 / hug抱/hold 握
in one’s arms 14“踢/碰” kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲
15“行”
walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳 slip溜 come/go enter进入 move搬迁
高考英语复习-历年高考完形填空常用词汇总结
drive开车 ride 骑fly
crawl 匍匐前进
16“坐”
sit down
be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站,耸立/ lean斜靠 17“睡/休息” lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed have a rest
take a nap打盹
be asleep bend turn over翻身
rest
18“笑” smile 微笑(不出声)
laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing
19“哭”
cry shed tears 留泪
weep呜咽地哭
sob抽泣
burst into tears /burst out crying 20“找/查” find找到
look for正在找过程
find out查明
discover/explore 发现/探索
hunt for search for seek / seek for
in search of寻找
Search sb 搜身
search sp.for sth 为某物而搜寻某地
Check检查,核实
examine 考察发现问题/体检 test检测,检验
inspect视察 21“穿”
put on 动作 wear穿戴 have on试穿
be dressed in 穿的状态 make-up化装
get changed换衣服
be in red
Take off 脱 remove 去除
22“吃/喝” eat/drink sip吮吸
have a meal have supper toast taste
treat sb to请某人吃
help oneself to 随便吃
23“得”
get obtain acquire获得知识和技能
gain possess
24“失”
lose 丢了 be lost /be missing人错过失踪,不见
gone不见(物)
great loss
die
die off相继死去
die away 逐渐消失
25“有”
have
有
own是自己的conquer征服
occupy占有=possess
26“无” nothing left
the remaining thing
disappear
be missing /gone 27“增/减”
rise / go up /drop
人主动抬价
raise /bring down /reduce increase/decrease
28“买/卖” buy purchase afford pay
pay off pay for sell on sale bargain
Bill /
cheque /
cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts 29“存在/消失”come into being exist appear survive
live show turn up
Disappear die
die out
pass away be out of sight 30“变化” develop improve become grow
go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without(negative adj.)turn + colour change /change into
reform
31“认识的过程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realize Understand
remember
be familiar with
recall recite apply to
32“成功/失败”make it succeed make progress come true realize one’s dream win
高考英语复习-历年高考完形填空常用词汇总结
Lose
fail to do
failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth.Into reality 33“努力” try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do 34祝贺
congratulations on sb celebrate observe 庆祝 get together 聚会 35赞美/批评 praise think highly of /
blame sb for sth/ sb is to blame
criticize /scold sb.for sth.have a low opinion of sb
Speak ill of
36喜/恶
like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of
Dislike
hate be awful/disgusting
ignore turn off 37判断
think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt
38到达 arrive at
reach
return to
get to
stay in sp
visit
leave leave for
on one’s way to
upon one’s arrival on doing sth
39受伤 hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from
suffer a loss 40损坏 damage destroy ruin
break down
be broken crash 41修复
repair rebuild restore fix
recover oneself 42支持/反对 agree disagree accept receive
refuse turn down
be against elect
vote for/ against 43 做饭
cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker
建议 advise suggest recommend urge propose demand
persuade 说服 45 花费
sth/doing sth+cost
sb+spend+ in doing sth
Sb+afford +n/to do sth
It +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth
sb+ pay+$ for sth.at one’s expense 46 省/存钱
save /save up set aside put away
spare no effort/ time
参加
take part in
join /join in
attend compete in/ for/against 48控告 accuse sb.of
charge sb.With
救治 help /help out
save /rescue sb from sth.Treat过程 / cure 结果sb.Of sth
Aid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth 50敬佩 admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of 51逃避
ran away
escape from
flee hide
阻止/禁止 prevent / keep/ stop sb.From doing sth
forbid doing sth.Ban prohibit 53 对付/处理 handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth
solve settle
高考英语复习-历年高考完形填空常用词汇总结
效仿
copy imitate learn from learn
爆发/发生
come about happen to take place break out
burst out go off explosion
55安装/装备
fasten fix set equip
be armed with 用什么武装
be equipped with装备有
追求 pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with赶上
keep up with跟上 57 想/考虑 think of 考虑/+as把什么看成 think about想起
consider
think over仔细考虑
be concerned 担心
be considerate towards sb.58 打算
plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do 59 似乎/好象
seem appear look like as if as though
开办/关闭 open start set up close/close up end close down 名词类“
1假期vacation holiday spring break
ask for leave be on holiday have two days off 2旅游 trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking 3职务人员 clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess
Assistant customer adult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacher
Conductor
tailor sailor inventor gardener guard
4餐馆/定餐/就餐 inn restaurant kitchen menu
bill order
tip
fork and knife
reserve /book table
Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit
tray napkin 5诊所/看病/服药 clinic hospital take one’s temperature
take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon
specialist patient 6车站/机场
airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.7身体部位
arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist 8意志
will courage patience determination faith effort confidence
ambition energy 9才能/品质
talent gift ability
potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud
Strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable
10优缺点 advantage disadvantage strength weakness 11目标
aim goal
intention purpose belief faith 12方式 means method way manner approach 13身体素质 strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight
高考英语复习-历年高考完形填空常用词汇总结
14图表 photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图 15文章 reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper
journal 日志 diary日记
Files
form make a list of 16课堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree
Subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks 17 学校活动 match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony 18建议/观点 advice suggestion idea proposal view recommandation 19气候/天气 climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth
20交通
by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bike
give sb.a lift/ride 21习惯 habit custom get used to regular有规律的(形容词)
practice惯例(名词)22感觉
sight hearing touch smell sense
23情感
feeling emotion anger
delight sadness sorrow 财富 money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamond be rich/well-off 25 运动比赛 on the playground
on the track and filed
pitch event game match
sports player
Coach
judge jogging weightlifting
play volleyball/soccer/ 26衣服
clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数,cloth指布,为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 27事件
incident, accident
incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故
形容词类 1人的各种感受
乐happy delighted
to one’s joy pleased amused 悲 sad unhappy painful bitter平静 calm
quiet silent/still peaceful 烦bother bored be fed up with
震惊 surprised astonished shocked /amazed
怕
in fear be frightened /scared /afraid 失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed 满意be satisfied with /be content to do
高考英语复习-历年高考完形填空常用词汇总结
生气 Annoyed angry
disgusting burst into rage 2 表程度的副词类
narrowly/ Nearly/ almost
hardly/ hard
extremely/ very
very/ quite
Accidently/ once in a while
occasionaly/ once
far / by far Farther/ further
better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus ….易考的近义词组
Run/ manage
grow/ plant
leave/remain
fit/ suit/ match
Hit/ beat/strike
meet/ satisfy
touch /feel
play /performer
Contain/ hold /seat/ fill
lie/sit/locate
help/work/ do Fall/ sink/ drop
matter/ problem /trouble/
money/ account Cause/ reason
that’s why/ that’s because
because/ since,as/ for Last/ continue
keep/ stay/
treat/ cure/ operate
separate/ divide Stand/ bear/tolerate/hold
3.英语四级历年写作常用句型总结 篇三
一、开头
1.Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.2.Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3.Nowadays there is a growing concern over....4.What calls for special attention is that...5.There’s no denying the fact that...6.what’s far more important is that...7.It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy.8.It is well-known that…
9.Many nations have been faced with the problem of...10.According to a recent survey,...11.With the rapid development of...,...二、结尾
1.From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that...2.In conclusion, it is imperative that...3.In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.4.With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.5.Taking all these into account, we...6.Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear...7.All things considered,...8.It may be safely said that...9.Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...10.It can be concluded from the discussion that...11.From my point of view, it would be better if...三、表比较
1.The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.However, the same is not applicable to B.9.A and B differ in several ways.10.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.四、表原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to(lead to)(account for)the phenomenon(problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...4.The factors that contribute to this situation include...5.The change in...largely results from the fact that...6.Part of the explanations for it is that...7.One of the most common factors(causes)is that...8.Another contributing factor(cause)is...9.Perhaps the primary factor is that...10.But the fundamental cause is that...五、表结果
1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is...3.It will exercise a profound influence upon...4.Its consequence can be so great that...六、表反驳
1.It is true that..., but one vital point is being left out.2.There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3.Many of us have been under the illusion that...4.It makes no sense to argue for...5.Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that...6.Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that...七、表证明
4.四级英语中词汇的记忆方法 篇四
大学英语教学大纲规定四级考试对词汇的要求是记忆4200个单词以及由这些词构成的常用词组。根据研究分析大学英语四级考试历次真题,我们将四级词汇分为核心词汇(查看核心词汇)和非核心词汇。核心词汇是历次大学英语四级考试试题中出现频率较高的词和词汇考查重点,以及本身带有词组较多的词和多与其他词类搭配的词,有特殊用法的词,考生可能不太熟悉的词。非核心词汇包括中学阶段可能已经掌握的词,只有一个意思,且仅表示某一名称的词和专有名词,因为这些词除非在阅读理解中外,一般不会被设计成词汇试题。大纲要求的常用词组(查看词组和搭配)经过统计,共有1617条,这些词组往往是考查的重点,它们要么出现在词汇试题中,要么出现在完形填空中,应该是记忆的重点。
二、四级词汇黑白循环记忆法
黑白循环记忆法的核心意义是通过对大纲规定的词汇进行分类,找出记忆重点,排除非核心词汇的干扰,通过对不同级别单词的先后记忆,最终达到全部掌握单词的目的。
本记忆法规定,如果考生对某一单词能说出它的所有汉语意思和用法,那么本单词对他来说就是白词。如果能说出它的部分意思,就把它定义为灰词;如果不能够说出它的任何意思和用法,就把它定义为黑词。记忆的顺序是先记忆灰词,将全部灰词转化为白词。消灭了灰词后,就开始记忆黑词,经过一段时间的记忆,一部分黑词就可能转化为白词,另一部分变成了灰词。在以后的记忆中,黑词不断地变为灰词,灰词不断地变成白词,最终所有词汇都变成白词。这是第一层面上的循环。另一个层次上的循环是,在记忆灰词和黑词时,可以将单词按一定的标准分组,规定第一天记忆第一组,第二天记忆第二组,第三天记忆第三组,复习第一组,第四天记第四组复习第二组,依次循环,达到边记忆边复习的目的。
这种单词记忆的好处是学习者始终知道自己的学习任务和学习效果。
有关黑白词汇的记忆的具体方法,大家可以参看我们的《大学英语词汇黑白记忆法》一书。
三、词根、词缀记忆法
黑白循环记忆法解决的是四级词汇的宏观记忆方法,而词根词缀记忆法解决的是词汇微观记忆问题。它的特点是充分利用单词的构词规律,通过掌握一组单词的共同词根或词缀,达到成串记忆单词的目的。比如知道able,abil的意思是capable能,就可以知道able,enable,unable,ability,capable等都是和能力和才干有关系的;如果知道act=to do,to drive做,干,驱动那么记忆act,action,actor,actress,active,activity,activate,actual,exact,reactor,interact,transaction等就非常简单了。知道了part=to separate的意思是分离,分开更可以记住一长串单词:parcel,park,partly,partial,partner,party,participate,participant,particle,particular,apart,apartment,department,compartment,depart,part,partion。类似的词根还有很多。在这里我们仅举几例,有关大学英语的词根、词缀记忆的方法,大家可以参看我们的《大学英语词汇词根、词缀记忆法》一书。advan=forward在前,向前;add=to put to加上;aer=air,space空气,天空,太空;ag=to do,to move,to conduct做,搅动,引导;alter= to change改变;ampl=large,spacious宽,大;ann,enn=year年;art=skill技艺;cur(e),sur(e)-=care操心,关注,安全,照看,医治;dic,dit=to speak讲,说;form,forma=,format=shape,figure形成,模式。
除了词根以外,英语单词当中还有很多词缀(包括前缀,后缀),这些前缀和后缀在单词当中出现得非常频繁。记住了这些单词的前缀和后缀再加
上词根的帮助,记忆单词绝不是一件无序的事情,而是一件有众多规律可循的事情。也就是说,掌握了词根、词缀记忆法之后,我们所记忆的单词量不再是4200个,而可能是1000个左右,甚至可能更少。
这种记忆方法的优点是,可以充分利用单词之间的形式和意义联系,对大量的词汇进行模糊记忆,这里的模糊是指,只要知道某个单词中包含有某个认识的词根或词缀,就可以大致知道该次词的大致意义或词性,从而大大提高阅读理解能力。相应地,在做词汇题或阅读理解中的上下文中词汇题时,也能根据词根、词缀做出正确的判断。
四、全息记忆法
所谓的全息记忆法就是利用单词的有效记忆原理之一的“意群记忆原理”来记忆单词。记忆科学研究证明,如果单个记忆单词既累又不能长时间地巩固。只要将单词按一定的意义联系组合起来记忆,效果会大大地提高。全息记忆法可以按马克思主义原理对于物质的分类方法把四级大纲上的词汇分成“物质世界”,“人类社会”和“科学思维”三个大类。“物质世界”又可细分为“无生命物质”和“有生命物质”。“无生命物质”可以包含物质的最小成分(atom,particle)到宇宙大空间(universe,solar,lunar);“有生命物质”可以包括构成生命的最小单位基因(protein,gen,cell,),低级的水生生物(fish,shellfish)到爬行动物(reptile,insect)再到飞行动物(bird),哺乳动物(mammal),猿(monkey,)和人(human being)。在“人类社会”这一概念下的上层建筑就可以包含皇家(royalty,dynasty,dictator),贵族(nobleman,landlord),政府(government,official,administrate),选举(election,vote),立法(congress,assembly,legslative),动荡(disorder,uprising,revolution),警察(police,officer),监狱(gail,prison),武装(army,armed forces),战争(war,weapon,surrender,defeat,victory),和平(peace,treaty)。以上所列举的都是按一定的名词概念进行的分类,在实际操作中只要是和这些概念和意义有关的名词,动词及其短语,形容词和副词等都可以一并记忆。
这种记忆方法的优点在于学习者可以随时随地根据某一信息联想记忆单词。比如:一个人骑车走在街上就可以联想到bicycle,truck,car,vehicle,bus,traffic(jam,light),rush hours,highway,freeway,zebra lines,cement,sidewalk,underpass,fine,road,passenger,shops,fence等词。又如:我们到医院能想到hospital,doctor,nurse,ward,medicine,cure,treatment,injection,illness,clinic,等等。本记忆法的另一个优点是,能突出一些常见单词的不常用的意义,因为多义词的不同意思可能被归入不同的意群当中。比如:resource可以归入三个意群当中,它与substance,natured等放在一起表示“物质资源”;与method,approach放在一起表示“办法”;与with放在一起表示“智谋”和“应变之才”。
五、其他记忆方法
坦率地讲,只要有利于单词的记忆,大家可以想尽一切办法来记忆,有时,甚至可以忽略它们有无科学道理。下面我们就向大家再介绍几种有效的词汇记忆方法,供参考。同学们也可以在学习单词当中,自己有意识地总结,探索出对自己来说行之有效的单词记忆方法。但是,一旦你找到了好的方法,请一定不要忘记了和大家一起分享。
1、基本义联想法
这种方法利用多义单词的意义扩展规律,首先抓住单词最基本的意思,然后根据其他词义与基本义的联系来轻松地记忆单词。比如:我们知道immediate(ly)的基本意思是“中间没有间隔地”就可以较容易地记住它的三个意思:1)(时间)立刻;2)(空间)紧挨,紧接,紧跟;3)(关系)直接。
2、形义联想法
这种方法的做法是找出单词之间形状和意义的共同特点,利用他们的共同特点展开记忆。比如我们对ball,ballet,balloon,ballot,bullet
等几个词就可以做这样的联想记忆,即他们都和球有着意义是上的联系:balloon是体积较大的气球,ballot是用来投票的纸球,bullet是体积较小的金属球。再比如:brace(支柱,支架),bracket(托架,括号)brake(闸,刹车),branch(分叉,树枝)等几个词当中都包含了br,而它像张开两手向前作“抱”的姿势。这几个单词的汉语意思当中也都包含一个,抱或托的形象。
3、趣味造句法
此方法是用一个有趣的句子将一组词串起来。比如baby,bachelor,bad,bacon,badly,bacteria,balance等几个词在拼写和意义上都没有什么联系,我们可以通过一个例子将它们贯穿。A bachelor without a baby lost his balance and fell ill badly because he has some bad bacon with bacteria,and was awarded a badge。一个没有孩子的单身汉身子失去了平衡,结果病得很厉害,因为他吃了一些带菌的熏肉,并被授予一枚勋章。这个句子荒诞离奇,但却巧妙地将所有地连在一起,而且它还体现了各个单词的用法,由于单词大多以同一个字母开头,因此具有音韵的效果,读起来朗朗上口。
4、巧用单词之间的共同成分,由熟悉的单词记忆新单词。如:由east我们可以扩展记忆beast(野兽),feast(盛宴),yeast(硝母);由obtain(获得),contain(包含),maintain(维持),sustain(支持),retain(保留)。
5、分割记忆联想
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